CN102359084A - Simulation regulation and control system and method of percolation performance of aeration zone of river or lake - Google Patents
Simulation regulation and control system and method of percolation performance of aeration zone of river or lake Download PDFInfo
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- CN102359084A CN102359084A CN2011102168944A CN201110216894A CN102359084A CN 102359084 A CN102359084 A CN 102359084A CN 2011102168944 A CN2011102168944 A CN 2011102168944A CN 201110216894 A CN201110216894 A CN 201110216894A CN 102359084 A CN102359084 A CN 102359084A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation regulation and control system and method of the percolation performance of an aeration zone of a river or a lake and relates to the technical field of research on water and soil resources and environmental engineering. The system comprises a seepage control device, an aeration zone simulation device, an underground water level regulation and control device and a data monitoring system, wherein the seepage control device comprises a seepage control column and a regulation column; the upper layer of the regulation column is connected with the seepage control column through a flange plate, and the lower layer of the regulation column is connected with the aeration zone simulation device through a water supply pipeline and a peristaltic pump; the aeration zone simulation device comprises a plurality of soil columns connected in series, and the underground water level regulation and control device comprises an underground water supply Markov bottle and an underground water balancing device which are connected through an underground water supplementing pipeline, and the underground water balancing device is connected with the aeration zone simulation device through the underground water supplementing pipeline. By adopting the system and the method, the hierarchical accurate simulation of a layered soil structure is realized, the accurate monitoring of the percolation performance of the aeration zone of the river or the lake is realized, and the simulation precision of the different types of layered soil is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water and soil resources and Environmental Engineering studying technological domain, relate in particular to the simulation regulator control system and the method thereof of lake, a kind of river zone of aeration filtration characteristic.
Background technology
Lake, river zone of aeration is considered to natural clarifier as the filtration system in lake, river, and it can make the pollutant in the seepage water partially or completely remove through series of physical, chemistry and biological agent.And different lake, river zone of aeration differs greatly to the clean dirty effect of seepage water, and this is main relevant with the filtration characteristic of zone of aeration self.The factor that influences lake, river zone of aeration filtration characteristic is a lot, mainly comprises sedimentary deposit composition, zone of aeration structure, infiltration rate and holdup time, temperature etc.Wherein, the sedimentary deposit composition is the major influence factors of lake, river zone of aeration filtration characteristic.
Sedimentary deposit-water termination effect realizes that to the lake, river the influence of the underground water water yield and water quality is had considerable effect.Yet but there are the crude sedimentation layer hardly in China and lake, many rivers all over the world, and this causes the surface water infiltration rate too fast, and pollutants removal rate is lower.At present, manual work is filled out the shop for the lake, river and is had the control infiltration layer that necessarily blocks water and block dirty ability, can control the filtration characteristic of lake, river zone of aeration effectively, improves its clean dirty ability and reaches the protective effect to underground water security.
China still is in the starting stage to the research that utilizes natural stream channel sedimentary deposit or artificial controlled infiltration layer control lake, river zone of aeration filtration characteristic, does not form perfect research theory system as yet, and relevant experimental rig and technical method are also not mature enough.At present, the research of zone of aeration soil moisture and solute transfer rule under the filtration characteristic condition of lake, different river is mainly carried out through the simulation system of the zone of aeration filtration characteristic in lake, the adjustable natural river of indoor structure.For example, disclose a kind of water salt dynamic monitoring experimental rig among the utility application CN201575963U, realized the dynamic monitoring under temperature-moisture-salinity-underground water synergy and realized directly reading and handling of data.But in general, the design apparatus size is less, and the simulation yardstick is limited, and scale effect and wall effect are obvious, and the analog result limitation is big, is not easy to be widely used in scientific research.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that (one) will solve
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: simulation regulator control system and method thereof that lake, a kind of river zone of aeration filtration characteristic is provided; The layering of realization slaty soil structure is accurately simulated; And can be according to different simulation needs; Simulate different control alloying layer thicknesses and ooze measure, accurately control the filtration characteristic of lake, river zone of aeration, improve the simulation precision of dissimilar slaty soils greatly with different controls.
(2) technical scheme
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides the simulation regulator control system of lake, a kind of river zone of aeration filtration characteristic, comprising: device, zone of aeration analogue means, groundwater table regulation device and data monitoring system are oozed in face of land water level regulation device, control;
Said face of land water level regulation device connects said control and oozes device;
Said control is oozed device and is comprised:
Post is oozed in control, is used for oozing the permeance property that material is regulated and control zone of aeration through loading different controls;
The buffering adjustable column, the upper strata is oozed post through flange and control and is connected, and lower floor is connected with the zone of aeration analogue means with peristaltic pump through supply channel, is used to add leveling layer and loaded filter;
Said zone of aeration analogue means comprises: the earth pillar of a plurality of series connection by peristaltic pump and supply channel series connection, is used for splendid attire riverbed soil with simulation package band of gas structure;
Said earth pillar is divided into more piece, is used to be convenient for changing and regulate and control; Said earth pillar sidewall is offered the percolate sample tap, the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor is laid mouth and adopted Tu Kou, is used for temperature, moisture and the salt status of periodic monitor zone of aeration, extracts the migration transformation rule that the soil water is monitored the zone of aeration pollutant;
Said groundwater table regulation device comprises: groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle and groundwater balance device; Replenishing pipeline through underground water interconnects; Be used for controlling groundwater table, simulate different groundwater table sights through the height of regulating the relative earth pillar of groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle;
Said groundwater balance device is connected with said zone of aeration analogue means, is used to observe the inversion quantity between the soil water and the underground water, to quantize the soil water and phreatic transformation rule;
Said data monitoring system is used for obtaining the water yield and water monitoring data from said zone of aeration analogue means, comprising: soil water automatic collector and the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor.
Preferably, said soil water automatic collector comprises: porous clay cup, sampling bottle, vacuum air pump, strainer, porous ventilation become head and storage sample device; Said porous clay cup is installed in the percolate sample tap of each earth pillar sidewall, and the Hydra probe of each the earth pillar soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor is embedded in the zone of aeration different section through observation port.
Preferably, said data monitoring system also comprises data acquisition and control device;
Said data acquisition and control device comprise: data acquisition controller and host computer;
Said data acquisition controller is used for the data of collection soil temperature-moisture-salt sub sensor, and peristaltic pump, electric control valve are controlled; Host computer is connected with data acquisition controller, is used to realize real-time monitoring, record and the demonstration to temperature, moisture, salt divided data in the earth pillar.
Preferably, said face of land water level regulation device comprises: the water storage box, water supply line pump, face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle and the face of land water level management post that connect in order through supply channel;
Said water storage box, being used for through the water supply line pump is that face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle provides test water;
Said face of land water level management post is used for controlling face of land water level through the height of regulating relative earth pillar, the sight that simulation different depth surface water infiltrates;
Said face of land water level management post oozes post through flange with said control and is connected.
Preferably, said face of land water level regulation device also comprises the evaporation simulator of being located at water level management post top, the face of land; Said evaporation simulator comprises interconnective adjustable power infrared lamp and temperature controller; The temperature-sensing probe of said temperature controller inserts in the face of land waterflooding water body; Be used for through changing the power and the quantity of adjustable power infrared lamp; Simulate diversified evaporation conditions, and realize the automatic shutter of adjustable power infrared lamp under the specific temperature conditions.
Preferably, said system also comprises shade, and said shade comprises gobo, is used for the environment of simulation package band of gas pollutant is carried out shading treatment, forms lighttight dark effect.
Preferably, said adjustable column middle part offers exhaust opening, is used for when post replacing process adjustable column entering air is oozed in control, cooperating vacuum pump to bleed.Prevent to destroy original soil texture after air from getting into adjustable column.
A kind of aforementioned system of utilizing is simulated the method for regulation and control to lake, river zone of aeration filtration characteristic, may further comprise the steps:
Post is oozed in the control that the replacing control is oozed in the device;
The number of earth pillar and the material in the earth pillar in the regulation and control zone of aeration analogue means;
Regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level;
Utilize data monitoring system that the water yield and the water quality of zone of aeration are monitored.
Preferably, said replacing control is oozed control in the device and oozed post and comprise: the control of changing different size is oozed post or is changed the control that different controls ooze material and oozes post.
Preferably, said regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level comprise: through the water transform amount between the soil water and the underground water in the groundwater balance device measurement zone of aeration.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention utilizes control to ooze the column simulation device of post, adjustable column and three kinds of difference in functionalitys of large-sized earth pillar, has constructed slaty soil structures such as control infiltration layer, cushion coat (levelling and anti-filter), zone of aeration simulation layer and water table; Each layer all can be according to different simulation needs; The packing material of dissimilar in the cylinder of the replacing different size through fast and flexible and the cylinder, size fractionated; Measure and different stratiforms riverbed condition are oozed in the different control of simulation alloying layer thickness, different control; Thereby can accurately control the filtration characteristic of lake, river zone of aeration, improve the simulation precision of dissimilar slaty soils under the deep zone of aeration condition greatly.The system layer regulate and control method is easy, and is workable, can significantly reduce experimenter's workload, shortens test period; And the present invention sets up the groundwater balance device in the groundwater table regulation device, has realized accurate, the problem regulation and control of groundwater table; In addition, the data monitoring system that the present invention adopted can significantly reduce the monitoring cost; Utilize the data monitoring system among the present invention; Can make test result feed back to system, thereby adjust monitoring method immediately, comprise monitoring site and monitoring frequency; Dynamically investigate the economy of monitoring method, can adopt the monitoring method of less expensive to make system's operation as required.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the simulation regulator control system of the zone of aeration filtration characteristic of lake, river described in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 oozes the filling structure figure of device for control described in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the filling structure figure of earth pillar described in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of porous clay cup described in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of partitions described in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, specific embodiments of the invention describes in further detail.Following examples are used to explain the present invention, but are not used for limiting scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the simulation regulator control system of lake, river of the present invention zone of aeration filtration characteristic comprises: device, zone of aeration analogue means, groundwater table regulation device and data monitoring system are oozed in face of land water level regulation device, control;
Said face of land water level regulation device connects said control and oozes device;
Said control is oozed device and is comprised:
Buffering adjustable column 2, the upper strata is oozed post 1 through flange and control and is connected, and lower floor is connected with the zone of aeration analogue means with peristaltic pump 4 through supply channel 3, is used to add leveling layer and loaded filter; Said adjustable column 2 middle parts offer exhaust opening 28, are used for when post 1 replacing process adjustable column 2 entering air are oozed in control, cooperating vacuum pump to bleed, and prevent that air from getting into adjustable column 2 backs and destroying original soil texture;
For example: adjustable column 2 high 30cm, can load leveling layer according to the simulation needs, if leveling layer need not filled adjustable column 2, then its underpart should be loaded with earth pillar 5 and loaded identical lake, the river natural stream channel matter of material, and should load certain thickness loaded filter on its top layer and bottom.In order to reduce wall effect; The internal diameter of post 1 and adjustable column 2 is oozed in control should be less than 50cm, and wall thickness should be less than 10mm, and earth pillar 5 limit walls are provided with the flange that the wide 6cm of being not less than, thickness are not less than 10cm respectively; And post 1 top is oozed in control and the bottom is all open, the sealing of adjustable column 2 bottoms.
Said zone of aeration analogue means comprises: the earth pillar 5 of a plurality of series connection by peristaltic pump 4 and supply channel 3 series connection, is used for splendid attire riverbed soil with simulation package band of gas structure;
Said earth pillar 5 is divided into more piece, is used to be convenient for changing and regulate and control; Said earth pillar 5 sidewalls are offered percolate sample tap 6, the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor is laid mouth 7 and adopted soil mouth 8; The temperature, moisture and the salt status that are used for the periodic monitor zone of aeration are extracted the migration transformation rule that the soil water is monitored the zone of aeration pollutant;
The height of each earth pillar 5 can be 300cm, and every joint highly can be 100cm, and every joint is equipped with flange up and down, but each earth pillar 5 capping machine glass cover suitable for reading plays airtight effect, and plexiglass cover adopts hickey to be connected with water supply and intake and exhaust equipment.Between adjustable column 2 and first earth pillar peristaltic pump 4 is set; Adjustable column 2 percolate after through the anti-filter of loaded filters is delivered to the water supply and the intake and exhaust equipment of first earth pillar upper end through peristaltic pump 4, and said water supply and intake and exhaust equipment are made up of air intake valve, drain tap and threeway.
Said groundwater table regulation device comprises: groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10 and groundwater balance device 11; Replenishing pipeline 9 through underground water interconnects; Be used for controlling groundwater table, simulate different groundwater table sights through the height of regulating groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10 relative earth pillars 5;
Said groundwater balance device 11 is connected with said zone of aeration analogue means, is used to observe the inversion quantity between the soil water and the underground water, to quantize the soil water and phreatic transformation rule;
Said data monitoring system is used for obtaining the water yield and water monitoring data from said zone of aeration analogue means, comprising: soil water automatic collector and the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor 12.
When the soil water evaporation in the earth pillar 5, the moisture in the groundwater balance device 11 is replenished to soil by connecting line, and the water surface that descends in the groundwater balance device 11 is replenished by the water in the groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10.When soil water recharge groundwater is, increment will be flowed in the graduated cylinder by the glass tube of equalizer downside.Groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10 all has graduation mark with the graduated cylinder external surface, can be recorded the water transform amount between the soil water and underground water in the zone of aeration by the water level converted quantity in graduated cylinder and the groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10.Adopt groundwater balance device 11 and graduated cylinder, can the migration transformation rule between the soil water and underground water be quantized, strengthened the adjusting function of underground water level controlling system.
Said soil water automatic collector comprises: porous clay cup 13, sampling bottle 14, vacuum air pump 15, strainer 16, porous ventilation become 17 and storage sample device 18; Said porous clay cup 13 is installed in the percolate sample tap 6 of each earth pillar 5 sidewall, and the Hydra probe 19 of each the earth pillar soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor 12 is embedded in the zone of aeration different section through observation port.
Said data monitoring system also comprises data acquisition and control device;
Said data acquisition and control device comprise: data acquisition controller 20 and host computer 21;
Said data acquisition controller 20 is used for the data of collection soil temperature-moisture-salt sub sensor 12, and peristaltic pump 4, electric control valve 29 are controlled; Host computer 21 is connected with data acquisition controller 20, is used to realize real-time monitoring, record and the demonstration to temperature, moisture, salt divided data in the earth pillar 5.
Said face of land water level regulation device comprises: the water storage box 22, water supply line pump 23, face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle 24 and the face of land water level management post 25 that connect in order through supply channel;
Said water storage box 22 is used for for face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle 24 test water being provided through water supply line pump 23;
Said face of land water level management post 25 is used for controlling face of land water level through the height of regulating relative earth pillar 5, the sight that simulation different depth surface water infiltrates;
Said face of land water level management post 25 oozes post 1 through flange and said control and is connected.
Said face of land water level regulation device also comprises the evaporation simulator of being located at water level management post 25 tops, the face of land; Said evaporation simulator comprises interconnective adjustable power infrared lamp 26 and temperature controller 27; The temperature-sensing probe of said temperature controller 27 inserts in the face of land waterflooding water body; Be used for through changing the power and the quantity of adjustable power infrared lamp; Simulate diversified evaporation conditions, and realize the automatic shutter of adjustable power infrared lamp under the specific temperature conditions.
System also comprises shade, and said shade comprises gobo, is used for the environment of simulation package band of gas pollutant is carried out shading treatment, forms lighttight dark effect.
As shown in Figure 2, lake, river of the present invention zone of aeration filtration characteristic simulation regulate and control method may further comprise the steps:
Post is oozed in the control that the replacing control is oozed in the device;
In this step, said replacing control is oozed control in the device and oozed post and comprise: the control of changing different size is oozed post or is changed the control that different controls ooze material and oozes post.
The number of earth pillar and the material in the earth pillar in the regulation and control zone of aeration analogue means;
Regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level;
In this step, said regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level comprise: through the water transform amount between the soil water and the underground water in the groundwater balance device measurement zone of aeration.
Utilize data monitoring system that the water yield and the water quality of zone of aeration are monitored.
Experimental example of the present invention:
This test is section towards Fengtai, the Yongdinghe River, and its zone of aeration thickness is 27m, and system is simulated with optimal scale, carries out the scene and fetches earth, and with the cleaning of top layer rubble, the degree of depth that vertically fetches earth is 27m, and the 12t that fetches earth altogether utilizes 10 large-sized earth pillars to accomplish the filling of riverbed zone of aeration soil.
Concrete test procedure:
1, the installation of system:
(1) load control and ooze post: with the adjustable column fixed placement, filling quartz sand highly is 5cm as loaded filter earlier in post; Fine sand is loaded in layering, and the upper end is loaded certain thickness quartz sand again, selects for use the control of 20cm to ooze post according to the simulation needs again, post is oozed in control be connected with adjustable column, lays rubber pad between two post flange, through bolt flange is connected closely.Selecting the aperture for use is the anti-filter clothes of 200 purpose polyamide fibres, and it is cut to the circle of somewhat larger in diameter in 50cm, oozes the column bottom in control and tiles two-layer; And peripheral redundance upwards rolled, be close to earth pillar inner edge wall, ooze in control and load artificial controlled in the post and ooze material: sodium bentonite proportioning Yan Cun earth material factory clay; The quality proportion of clay is 12%; Layering is loaded, every 5cm compacting once, contact plane will be scraped hair with blade during adjacent twice filling; Two-layer soil fully contacts about making, and avoids the generation of stratification.In material and peripheral hole that the cylinder inner surface contacts are oozed in control, evenly fill up the identical moistening control of a circle proportioning and ooze material; At last, lay the topping that quartz sand and ovum gravel are formed in control infiltration layer upper end, be used to prevent of the disturbance of surface water infiltration process, play water distribution uniformity and typing protective effect the control infiltration layer.The all anti-filtering materials and the quartz sand of protective material and ovum gravel will be in advance through the immersion and the flushings of deionized water, and duration is not less than 24h.
(2) load the zone of aeration earth pillar: lay loaded filter in each large-sized earth pillar bottom, thickness is 30cm.Loaded filter filling order is followed successively by from down to up: particle diameter is the ovum gravel of 2cm, and particle diameter is the ovum gravel of 1～2cm, and particle diameter is less than the quartz sand of 5mm, and the aperture is that the anti-filter cloth of 200 purpose polyamide fibres is two-layer.The all anti-filtering materials and the quartz sand of protective material and ovum gravel will be in advance through the immersion and the flushings of deionized water, and duration is not less than 24h.To test then with the riverbed undisturbed soil layering large-sized earth pillar of packing into, according to measuring initial aqueous rate, Soil Dried unit weight and loading the long-pending weight of calculating the filling soil sample of the soil body, with electronic scale weighing soil sample, compacting is loaded in layering, and each filling highly is 10cm.During filling, use with the similar tamper of earth pillar internal diameter with soil compacting repeatedly, contact plane will be scraped hair with blade during adjacent twice filling, makes up and down that two-layer soil fully contacts, and avoids the generation of stratification.After filling finishes, with the earth pillar plexiglass cover with the earth pillar end sealing.
(3) installation of water system: with pvc pipe water storage box is connected with surface water and groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle through water pump, utilizes the latex flexible pipe that the supply water outlet valve of Ma Shi bottle of surface water is connected with the water inlet valve of face of land water level management post; Utilize the latex flexible pipe that the water inlet valve of groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle is connected with last root large-sized earth pillar end through equalizer.
(4) being connected in series between a plurality of earth pillar devices: link to each other by lucite tube between each earth pillar; The lucite tube that is tied with raw material band is revolved mouthful revolving tight-lipped close combination the between end and the bottom of earth pillar and the intake and exhaust equipment on the top cover; Tighten the top cover and the bottom of each earth pillar; Between adjustable column and first large-sized earth pillar and between each large-sized earth pillar the water supply peristaltic pump is set all; The percolate of adjustable column after through the anti-filter of loaded filter delivered to the water supply and the intake and exhaust equipment on corresponding large-sized earth pillar top through force (forcing) pump, and first large-sized earth pillar all is connected through tandem arrangement with connected mode between each earth pillar at the back.
(5) installation of sampler and sensor: before each large-sized earth pillar sidewall percolate intake place buries vitrified-clay pipe underground, buries vitrified-clay pipe underground, with deionized water it is soaked 2h, in burying mouthful soil at place underground, punch then, the aperture should be slightly larger than the diameter of vitrified-clay pipe; After the punching, the soil that takes out is stirred into mud, the grouting when burying vitrified-clay pipe underground.When burying underground, with the exhaust outlet place of vitrified-clay pipe to the top.The embedding manner of vitrified-clay pipe adopts oblique inserting, and vitrified-clay pipe and horizontal angle are 30 °, after vitrified-clay pipe gos deep into desired depth, pour into mud in the hole again, treats to banket after mud sinks in fact again.Be embedded in the Hydra probe of the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor on the variant section of earth pillar through observation port; Naturally insert the soil body; Bury mouth underground with the raw material band winding, link to each other with computer and controller with the Hydra probe of data wire with the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor.
(6) installation of gobo: around the large-sized earth pillar cylinder, draw iron wire, the height of suspension gobo is positioned at the surface water upper thread, with tieback gobo is hung on the iron wire, and the drawing gobo blocks whole system, and is with thread gluing that the gobo latasuture is bonding.The gobo protective sleeve that manufactured size meets Ma Shi bottle and water storage box is placed on corresponding Ma Shi bottle and the water storage box.
2, the startup of system
Before the test run, need surface water and groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle topped up with water is for use.Water feeding method: the blow vent and the delivery port water-control valve door of water supply Ma Shi bottle bottom are closed; Open a bottle top exhaust opening plug, open pipeline pump and Ma Shi bottle water inlet valve successively, add water for water supply Ma Shi bottle rapidly; After treating that test water is filled it up with the Ma Shi bottle; Close Ma Shi bottle inlet valve rapidly, the bottle top plug that the outside is wrapped with raw material band is guaranteed the sealing of Ma Shi bottle with rotary push formula jam-pack Ma Shi bottle exhaust opening.Adding water must fill it up with, so that the gas in the Ma Shi bottle is got rid of fully.
The adjustment elevating stage is to being fit to height; Groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle is fixed, and the groundwater level line place of adjustment Ma Shi bottle ventilating pipe bottom position to design opens delivery port water-control valve door; Groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle begins to decide water level to the water supply of earth pillar bottom to form underground water; After treating that groundwater level to waterline is also stable, close earth pillar bottom water inlet water-control valve door, utilize the underground water supply pipeline that groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle, groundwater balance device are connected with large-sized earth pillar bottom water inlet.For the groundwater balance device adds water to the waterline place, and, open earth pillar bottom inlet valve, start the underground water regulator control system behind water supply Ma Shi bottle topped up with water again.
With the surface water Ma Shi bottle topped up with water that supplies water, surface water regulation and control post inlet valve is opened, in surface water regulation and control column wall and bottom bedding layer of plastic film; The film bottom will be sealed; In film, add water level control line place, test water to the face of land, form constant head after, extract plastic sheeting rapidly out; Simultaneously the blow vent and the delivery port water-control valve door of water supply Ma Shi bottle bottom are opened simultaneously, the surface water system starts.
At this moment, observe the wetting front that current infiltrate and the variable quantity of the Ma Shi bottle water yield immediately,, observe this two numerical value continuously infiltrating in the process that test carries out.When simulation earth pillar bottom has percolate to effluent, collect percolate, preserve water sample detection water quality with beaker.
3, the operation of test
After system started, the day-to-day operation of test was safeguarded the content that comprises three aspects:
(1) water yield continuous monitoring: simulation system was from commencement of commercial operation on May 12 in 2010; To on May 17th, 2011; 370d observes the infiltration process of earth pillar continuously; Continuous Observation is infiltrated the variation of water body wetting front during penetrating, and the water yield is confirmed the infiltration rate and accumulative total infiltration capacity of zone of aeration over time in the entire test recording occurring continuously water supply Ma Shi bottle.
The observation procedure of wetting front is a fix point method; Read and infiltrate the time of current through predefined earth pillar degree of depth observation point; The time and the degree of depth are made relation curve; Promptly obtain the wetting front that earth pillar infiltrates and change, this test penetrates and lasts 916min, and current infiltrate the time point that arrives each predetermined point position and are: 7:41,7:42,7:49,7:55,8:00,8:06,8:31,10:01,11:51,13:51,15:31,16:31,17:56,19:28,20:35,22:01,22:57.
The observing frequency of accumulation infiltration capacity once a day, last 75 days after, infiltration capacity tends to be steady, and adds the water cycle and observes once so change observing frequency into each, the average water cycle that adds is 4d.
(2) water quality continuous monitoring: simulation system was from commencement of commercial operation on May 12 in 2010; To on May 17th, 2011; After regenerated water penetrates earth pillar, begin to gather the percolate at each delivery port place, post bottom, and utilize soil water collector regularly to gather the water sample of earth pillar side different depth section simultaneously.The spacing of vitrified-clay pipe is set to 20cm, and first vitrified-clay pipe bottom is 23cm apart from the earth pillar top, and every joint large-sized earth pillar is buried 13 vitrified-clay pipes underground.After percolate effluents from the earth pillar bottom, the regular collection and the testing of beginning water sample.Every 24h gathers once, last 3d after, increase the sampling interval fate, every 3d gathers once; After lasting 30d, reduce sample frequency again, every 7d gathers once; After lasting 60d, the variation of each index tends to be steady, and changes every 15d into and gathers once; After lasting 90d, the variation of each index is very little, changes every 30d into and gathers once up to off-test.Through after the operation of 180d; The variation of the concentration of each pollutant on depth direction tends towards stability, so adjustment has also been made at the interval of sample tap: the spacing of first three sample tap still is 20cm, and the interval of the 4th to the 6th sample tap is adjusted into 60cm; While the 4th sample tap also is 60cm apart from the 3rd distance; The first six sample tap all is positioned at first big earth pillar, and the distance of the 6th sample tap of the 7th sample tap distance is 140cm, is positioned at second big earth pillar; The distance of the 7th sample tap of the 8th sample tap distance is 260cm; Be positioned at the 3rd big earth pillar, all comprise a sample tap in the big earth pillar of each root afterwards, the spacing of all sample taps is 260cm.
(3) post is oozed in the conversion control: before changing post, at first should post be oozed in new control and place on the partitions, load material, the control infiltration layer that newly installs successively according to control infiltration layer filling order.Partitions is a steel, and diameter is provided with two oblique fixed handles (No. 1 and No. 2) and two flexible handles (No. 3 and No. 4) to establishing greater than the flange external diameter.Water in the water level management post of the face of land is gone out the head piece emptying through the bottom, take down the bolt that face of land water level management post and control is oozed intercolumniation, face of land water level management post is taken off; Unload control and ooze the bolt between post and adjustable column; Ooze between the post flange fast to inserting two partitions in Rubber washer and control, carry 3, No. 4 handles carrying upper strata baffle plate side, remove former control fast and ooze post; Carry and carry the flexible handle that the post under shield is oozed in new control, it steadily is placed on the baffle plate on adjustable column surface.Slowly rotation upper strata baffle plate makes control ooze the bolt mouth alignment of post lower end and adjustable column upper flanges dish, and is last; Post is oozed in artificial fixing control, and 1, No. 2 handles of layer baffle plate of gently leaving behind steadily detach baffle plate; Use the same method again and extract the upper strata baffle plate out; With bolt flange dish, last, install face of land water level management post.If method of operating is improper; Gas gets in the adjustable column accidentally, can be after whole device connect, vacuum air pump, strainer are connected with exhaust flexible rubber hose on the exhaust opening of adjustable column both sides; Then; Open the tongs on the flexible rubber hose, start the vacuum pump of bleeding, outwards continue to bleed slowly through exhaust opening.
Above embodiment only is used to explain the present invention; And be not limitation of the present invention; The those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also be made various variations and modification; Therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river zone of aeration filtration characteristic is characterized in that, comprising: device, zone of aeration analogue means, groundwater table regulation device and data monitoring system are oozed in face of land water level regulation device, control;
Said face of land water level regulation device connects said control and oozes device;
Said control is oozed device and is comprised:
Post (1) is oozed in control, is used for oozing the permeance property that material is regulated and control zone of aeration through loading different controls;
Buffering adjustable column (2), the upper strata is oozed post (1) through flange and control and is connected, and lower floor is connected with the zone of aeration analogue means with peristaltic pump (4) through supply channel (3), is used to add leveling layer and loaded filter;
Said zone of aeration analogue means comprises: the earth pillar of a plurality of series connection (5) by peristaltic pump (4) and supply channel (3) series connection, is used for splendid attire riverbed soil with simulation package band of gas structure;
Said earth pillar (5) is divided into more piece, is used to be convenient for changing and regulate and control; Said earth pillar (5) sidewall is offered percolate sample tap (6), the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor is laid mouthful (7) and adopted Tu Kou (8), is used for temperature, moisture and the salt status of periodic monitor zone of aeration; Extract the soil water and monitor the migration transformation rule of zone of aeration pollutant;
Said groundwater table regulation device comprises: groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle (10) and groundwater balance device (11); Replenishing pipeline (9) through underground water interconnects; Be used for controlling groundwater table, simulate different groundwater table sights through the height of regulating the relative earth pillar (5) of groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle (10);
Said groundwater balance device (11) is connected with said zone of aeration analogue means, is used to observe the inversion quantity between the soil water and the underground water, to quantize the soil water and phreatic transformation rule;
Said data monitoring system is used for obtaining the water yield and water monitoring data from said zone of aeration analogue means, comprising: soil water automatic collector and the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor (12).
2. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 zone of aeration filtration characteristic; It is characterized in that said soil water automatic collector comprises: porous clay cup (13), sampling bottle (14), vacuum air pump (15), strainer (16), porous ventilation become head (17) and storage sample device (18); Said porous clay cup (13) is installed in the percolate sample tap (6) of each earth pillar (5) sidewall, and the Hydra probe (19) of each the earth pillar soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor (12) is embedded in the zone of aeration different section through observation port.
3. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 zone of aeration filtration characteristic is characterized in that said data monitoring system also comprises data acquisition and control device;
Said data acquisition and control device comprise: data acquisition controller (20) and host computer (21);
Said data acquisition controller (20) is used for the data of collection soil temperature-moisture-salt sub sensor (12), and peristaltic pump (4), electric control valve (29) are controlled; Host computer (21) is connected with data acquisition controller (20), is used for realizing real-time monitoring, record and the demonstration to the interior temperature of earth pillar (5), moisture, salt divided data.
4. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 zone of aeration filtration characteristic; It is characterized in that said face of land water level regulation device comprises: the water storage box (22), water supply line pump (23), face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle (24) and the face of land water level management post (25) that connect in order through supply channel;
Said water storage box (22) is used for for face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle (24) test water being provided through water supply line pump (23);
Said face of land water level management post (25) is used for controlling face of land water level through the height of regulating relative earth pillar (5), the sight that simulation different depth surface water infiltrates;
Said face of land water level management post (25) oozes post (1) through flange and said control and is connected.
5. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 4 zone of aeration filtration characteristic is characterized in that, said face of land water level regulation device also comprises the evaporation simulator of being located at face of land water level management post (25) top; Said evaporation simulator comprises interconnective adjustable power infrared lamp (26) and temperature controller (27); The temperature-sensing probe of said temperature controller (27) inserts in the face of land waterflooding water body; Be used for through changing the power and the quantity of adjustable power infrared lamp; Simulate diversified evaporation conditions, and realize the automatic shutter of adjustable power infrared lamp under the specific temperature conditions.
6. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 zone of aeration filtration characteristic; It is characterized in that also comprise shade, said shade comprises gobo; Be used for the environment of simulation package band of gas pollutant is carried out shading treatment, form lighttight dark effect.
7. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 zone of aeration filtration characteristic; It is characterized in that; Said adjustable column (2) middle part offers exhaust opening (28), is used for when post (1) replacing process adjustable column (2) entering air is oozed in control, cooperating vacuum pump to bleed.
8. one kind is utilized the said system of claim 1-7 that lake, river zone of aeration filtration characteristic is simulated the method for regulation and control, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Post is oozed in the control that the replacing control is oozed in the device;
The number of earth pillar and the material in the earth pillar in the regulation and control zone of aeration analogue means;
Regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level;
Utilize data monitoring system that the water yield and the water quality of zone of aeration are monitored.
9. as claim 8 is said lake, river zone of aeration filtration characteristic is simulated the method for regulation and control, it is characterized in that, said replacing control is oozed control in the device and oozed post and comprise: the control of changing different size is oozed post or is changed the control that different controls ooze material and oozes post.
10. as claim 8 is said lake, river zone of aeration filtration characteristic is simulated the method for regulation and control; It is characterized in that said regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level comprise: through the water transform amount between the soil water and the underground water in the groundwater balance device measurement zone of aeration.
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| CN114674880A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Device for simulating migration-diffusion process of pollutants between karsts |
| CN117330468A (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2024-01-02 | 四川农业大学 | Weir-stopper simulation experiment device and method under complex seepage condition |
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