CN102347906A - Multi-cast method and multi-cast network system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-cast method and a multi-cast network system. The method comprises the following steps that a multi-cast router requests multi-cast data from a multi-cast source according to a received multi-cast protocol message and sends the received multi-cast data to a first switchboard; the first switchboard is a switchboard which is closest to a user terminal in the multi-cast network system; and the first switchboard converts the multi-cast data from a multi-cast VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) to one or a plurality of user VLANs and sends the multi-cast data to the user terminal in the user VLANs. With the invention, the network bandwidth utilization rate during multi-cast can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, relate in particular to a kind of method of multicasting and multicast network system.
Background technology
Multicast is meant realizes that between sender and each recipient point-to-multipoint network connects.If a sender transmits identical data for simultaneously a plurality of recipients, also only need to send a identical data packet.It has improved data-transmission efficiency, has reduced backbone network and congested possibility occurred.
Along with the development in broadband, multimedia related service demand growing stimulated popularizing of IP multicasting technology and development, becomes the indispensable key technology of new generation network.
Present multicast realization mechanism is: the multicast routing protocol that runs on the multicast router is responsible for the terminal multicast router of transmitting multicast data to the connection user terminal, and the terminal multicast router moves multicast routing protocol and IGMP (IGMP) agreement simultaneously.The IGMP agreement run on user terminal and the multicast router that directly links to each other with it between, realize collection and maintenance that the network group membership that networks of institute concerns.The terminal multicast router is learnt the multicast requirement at downstream user terminal through the IGMP agreement, through multicast routing protocol the multicast packet application of needs is got off, and is transmitted to user terminal.
Existing Layer 2 Multicast related protocol has IGMP Snooping (catching) and IGMP Proxy (agency).The realization mechanism of IGMP Snooping is: switch is sent out the mode to the IGMP Report Message of router through the listen for user terminal, forms the corresponding relation of group membership and exchange interface; Switch only is transmitted to the multicast packet of receiving the interface with group membership according to this corresponding relation.Thereby avoided the multicast formula that in Virtual Local Area Network, floods to transmit the unnecessary flow that causes.IGMP Proxy realizes that with IGMP Snooping function is identical but mechanism is different: IGMP Snooping just obtains for information about through the message of intercepting IGMP; The IGMP message that IGMP Proxy has then tackled the terminal use is gone forward side by side after line correlation handles, and again it is transmitted to the upper strata router.
Existing M-VLAN retransmission technique is on the basis of IGMP Snooping; The multicast packet that script need be sent in a plurality of VLAN; Be integrated in the unified M-VLAN and send, solved the problem of IGMP Snooping technology waste Access Network bandwidth resources.
Existing multicast forwarding technology can not well solve the problem of bandwidth resources waste, and (dotted line is represented multicast traffic stream) as shown in Figure 1, convergence switch C goes up and realizes multicast travelling across VLAN copy function, and switch A and B realize IGMP Snooping function.Multicast packet is in M-VLAN 10; After being forwarded to convergence switch C by multicast router R; Multicast packet is copied in user's the VLAN 5 and VLAN 6; Then two parts of identical multicast packets are sent to the switch b in downstream, switch b is transmitted the multicast packet of two parts of repetitions to switch A, and switch A is transmitted to user terminal 1 and user terminal 2 by the user who the listens to situation of asking respectively with two parts of different multicast packets of VLAN.
It is thus clear that, at convergence switch C the multicast packet of repetition is arranged to the link of switch A, when the downstream customer volume is bigger, can cause great bandwidth waste, have a strong impact on network resource utilization.Because it is convergence switch need duplicate a large amount of multicast packets, very high simultaneously to its performance requirement, also be difficult in the real world applications realizing.
The another one defective of prior art is to have only a M-VLAN on the convergence switch; All multicast packets do not add in a M-VLAN, transmitting of differentiation; Can not flexibly multicast packet be distinguished and isolate, and then cause under some special application scenarios, can not satisfying user demand.For example, when a plurality of multicast sources provide multicast service simultaneously, may use identical multicast address (will guarantee identical address can not occur, just need human configuration, increase the complexity of network operation) from the multicast packet of different multicast sources.At this moment, the switch in downstream and end user can't distinguish the identical multicast packet of these two group addresss, though their entrained information maybe be uncorrelated mutually, even a thousand li of difference.The meeting that finally is forwarded to the user is two parts of multicast packets, and that a copy of it is the user is unwanted at all.Both waste bandwidth also may influence customer service.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is how in multicast, to improve network bandwidth utilance.
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of method of multicasting, comprising:
Multicast router from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to first switch with the multicast packet of receiving according to the multicast protocol message that receives; Said first switch is the nearest switch of multicast network system middle distance user terminal;
Said first switch with said multicast packet from multicast virtual local area network VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
Further, the multicast protocol message received of said multicast router is in M-VLAN; Said M-VLAN comprises one or more.
Further, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said multicast router also comprises before the step of multicast source request multicast packet according to the multicast protocol message that receives:
Second switch when receiving the multicast protocol message, according to first corresponding relation of preserving with the multicast protocol message from the user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, send to said multicast router then; Said second switch is the nearest switch of the said multicast router of multicast network system middle distance;
Said first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and the M-VLAN sign.
Further, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said first switch is meant from the M-VLAN internal conversion said multicast packet in one or more user vlans:
Said first switch is according to second corresponding relation, with said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion to corresponding multicast outbound port, and one or more user vlans in;
Said second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the corresponding user vlan sign of M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port.
Further, said user/M-VLAN is designated numeral, and said multicast group address is the IP address.
The present invention also provides a kind of multicast network system, comprising: multicast router, one or more switch; At least comprise first switch that the distance users terminal is nearest in said one or more switch;
Multicast router is used for according to the multicast protocol message that receives from multicast source request multicast packet the multicast packet of receiving being sent to first switch;
Said first switch be used for said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
Further, the multicast protocol message received of said multicast router is in M-VLAN; Said M-VLAN comprises one or more.
Further, when a plurality of M-VLAN, also comprise in said one or more switches:
The distance second nearest switch of said multicast router is used for when receive the multicast protocol message, according to first corresponding relation of preservation with the multicast protocol message from the user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, send to said multicast router then;
Said first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and the M-VLAN sign.
Further, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said first switch is meant from the M-VLAN internal conversion said multicast packet in one or more user vlans:
Said first switch is according to second corresponding relation, with said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion to corresponding multicast outbound port, and one or more user vlans in;
Said second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the corresponding user vlan sign of M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port.
Further, said user/M-VLAN is designated numeral, and said multicast group address is the IP address.
The present invention fully moves down the copy-point of multicast packet, has improved network bandwidth utilance, and has alleviated the operating load of convergence switch, has optimized network performance, has reduced network load.Prioritization scheme of the present invention proposes many M-VLAN registrations and copy function, has realized the flexible forwarding of multicast packet, and can realize according to different needs multicast packet being distinguished control, has satisfied the demand of a lot of special applications scenes; And can on original single multicast vlan basis, expand, can be integrated into well in the original system, compatible good, it is convenient to realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the work sketch map of multicast network system in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of object lesson of the method for multicasting of embodiment one.
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that technical scheme of the present invention is explained in more detail below.
Need to prove that if do not conflict, each characteristic among the embodiment of the invention and the embodiment can mutually combine, all within protection scope of the present invention.In addition, though in the flow chart of accompanying drawing, show logical order, in some cases, can carry out step shown or that describe with the order that is different from here.
Embodiment one, and a kind of method of multicasting comprises:
Multicast router from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to first switch with the multicast packet of receiving according to the multicast protocol message that receives; Said first switch is the nearest switch of multicast network system middle distance user terminal;
Said first switch with said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
" the distance users terminal is nearest " in the present embodiment is not meant physical distance, and be meant in multicast network system and between the user terminal transmission during data equipment of process minimum; In multicast network system shown in Figure 1, switch A is said first switch, and switch b, C are intermediary switch; According to the method for present embodiment, by switch A multicast packet is transformed in user vlan 5 and 6, just carry out many multicast packets VLAN copy function, send to user terminal 1 and 2 through user vlan 5 and user vlan 6 respectively then; Can find out, because the multicast packet that duplicates only occurs during transmission between switch A and user terminal, between switch C and the B, do not occur between B and the A.
Prior art cause the main cause of bandwidth resources wastes be the position of multicast packet copy-point in transmitting level than higher, promptly near multicast router, this just causes having on the equipment in copy-point downstream the multicast traffic stream of a large amount of repetitions.And present embodiment fully moves down the copy-point of multicast packet, on the nearest switch of distance users, carries out duplicating of multicast packet, therefore can save network bandwidth resources, and multicast is kept to zero to waste of bandwidth; In addition the multicast packet replication work has been transferred on the downstream switch, also alleviated the load of convergence switch or Network Management Equipment.
In the present embodiment, said multicast router can directly send to said first switch through network with multicast packet, also can send to said first switch through one or more other switches; Transmit between said multicast router and the user terminal the switch of process be called intermediary switch; Said intermediary switch realizes that the basic forwarding capability of multicast gets final product; Only need multicast enabled listening functions on the intermediary switch outside first interchanger, it is transmitted by the multicast listener function basically, need not participate in other relevant treatment; Do not need the new function of extra realization; Can directly use the switch in the existing multicast network system, therefore be easy to network upgrade, compatible good.
In the present embodiment; Multicast enabled routing function and IGMP function on said multicast router; Thereby make the multicast router can be to the multicast source application with multicast packet; IGMP message through the termination downstream switch is sent converts the multicast routing protocol message into, and multicast packet is guided to this multicast router.Multicast router can be safeguarded the multicast member relation of downstream group broadcasting user through the IGMP agreement simultaneously.It should be noted that multicast protocol message that multicast router receives is all in M-VLAN.
In the present embodiment, said M-VLAN can comprise one or more, and is corresponding, and the multicast protocol message that multicast router is received can be in the M-VLAN, also can be in a plurality of M-VLAN.
In the present embodiment, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said multicast router can also comprise before the step of multicast source request multicast packet according to the multicast protocol message that receives:
Second switch (is promptly realized many M-VLAN registering functional) from the user vlan internal conversion with the multicast protocol message according to first corresponding relation of preserving in M-VLAN when receiving the multicast protocol message, send to said multicast router then;
Said first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between user access port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and the M-VLAN sign; Said user vlan and M-VLAN sign can but be not limited to numeral, said multicast group address can but be not limited to the IP address;
Said second switch is the nearest switch of the said multicast router of multicast network system middle distance; Same, here " nearest apart from multicast router " neither refer to physical distance, and be meant in multicast network system and between the multicast router during transmission data equipment of process minimum, be exactly second switch such as the convergence switch C among Fig. 1.
In the present embodiment, when between said multicast router and the user terminal during only through a switch, first, second switch is same switch.
When realizing that many M-VLAN are registered, need first corresponding relation of configure user VLAN sign, user access port and multicast group address and M-VLAN sign.When said second switch when certain user vlan or certain port are received user's multicast protocol message, can carry out many M-VLAN registrations according to first corresponding relation of configuration.Said first corresponding relation can but be not limited to a M-VLAN registration relation table below similar, safeguard that by second switch index is user access port, user vlan sign and multicast group address.
Table one, M-VLAN registration relation table
| User access port | The user vlan sign | Multicast group IP address | The M-VLAN sign |
| 2 | 11 | 239.1.1.1 | 8 |
| 6 | 11 | 239.1.1.1 | 9 |
| 18 | 22 | 239.1.1.2 | 10 |
Notice that the conversion of VLAN is unidirectional here,, and only be confined to VLAN conversion, multicast data message is not done conversion the multicast protocol message promptly from swimming over to the conversion of updrift side down.Here multicast data message is not done and duplicated, purpose is to reduce offered load, cooperates downstream to enable the switch of many replication of a multicast VLAN, and the multicast replication point is moved down.
In the present embodiment, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said first switch specifically can be meant said multicast packet in from the M-VLAN internal conversion to one or more user vlans:
Said first switch is according to second corresponding relation, with said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion to corresponding multicast outbound port, and one or more user vlans in; Said second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the corresponding user vlan sign of M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port; Said user/M-VLAN sign can but be not limited to numeral, said multicast group address can but be not limited to the IP address;
During multicast packet in first switch receives a plurality of M-VLAN; Should be according to said corresponding relation; Confirm M-VLAN sign and the pairing multicast outbound port of multicast group address and the user vlan sign of multicast packet, thereby multicast packet is copied in corresponding multicast outbound port and the user vlan.Said second corresponding relation can but be not limited to one similar below shown in many M-VLAN transmit, safeguard by first switch, be index with the M-VLAN sign with multicast group address, multicast outbound port that record is corresponding and user vlan identify.
Table two, many M-VLAN are transmitted
| The M-VLAN sign | Multicast ip address | Outbound port | The user vlan identification list that outbound port is corresponding |
| 8 | 239.1.1.1 | 2 | 11，12，13 |
| 9 | 239.1.1.1 | 6 | 18 |
| 10 | 239.1.1.2 | 18 | 22，23，24 |
Present embodiment is introduced a plurality of M-VLAN, with the nearest switch of multicast router on realize many M-VLAN registrations, can carry out the isolation and the control of refinement more to multicast packet, thereby improve the flexibility of multicast forwarding, satisfy the special applications scene.
As object lesson present embodiment is described with system shown in Figure 1 below, is supposed to have a plurality of M-VLAN, its flow process is as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
The nearest switch C of the said multicast router R of multicast network system middle distance when receiving the multicast protocol message, according to first corresponding relation of preserving with the multicast protocol message from the user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, send to said multicast router R then; Said first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between user access port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and the M-VLAN sign;
Multicast router R from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to the nearest switch A in distance users terminal 1/2 with the multicast packet of receiving through switch C, B according to the multicast protocol message that receives;
Said switch A is according to second corresponding relation, with said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion to corresponding multicast outbound port, and one or more user vlans in; Said second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the corresponding user vlan sign of M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port.
Embodiment two, and a kind of multicast network system comprises:
One or more switches wherein comprise first switch that the distance users terminal is nearest at least;
Multicast router is used for according to the multicast protocol message that receives from multicast source request multicast packet the multicast packet of receiving being sent to first switch;
Said first switch be used for said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
" the distance users terminal is nearest " in the present embodiment is not meant physical distance, and be meant in multicast network system and between the user terminal transmission during data equipment of process minimum.
Present embodiment fully moves down the copy-point of multicast packet, on the nearest switch of distance users, carries out duplicating of multicast packet, therefore can save network bandwidth resources, and multicast is kept to zero to waste of bandwidth; In addition the multicast packet replication work has been transferred on the downstream switch, also alleviated the load of convergence switch or Network Management Equipment.
In the present embodiment, said multicast router can directly send to said first switch through network with multicast packet, also can send to said first switch through one or more other switches (being called intermediary switch among this paper).
In the present embodiment; Multicast enabled routing function and IGMP function on said multicast router; Thereby make the multicast router can be to the multicast source application with multicast packet; IGMP message through the termination downstream switch is sent converts the multicast routing protocol message into, and multicast packet is guided to this multicast router.Multicast router can be safeguarded the multicast member relation of downstream group broadcasting user through the IGMP agreement simultaneously.It should be noted that multicast protocol message that multicast router receives is all in M-VLAN.
In the present embodiment, said M-VLAN can comprise one or more, and is corresponding, and the multicast protocol message that multicast router is received can be in the M-VLAN, also can be in a plurality of M-VLAN.
In the present embodiment, when a plurality of M-VLAN, can also comprise in said one or more switches: the second nearest switch of the said multicast router of distance; Same, here " nearest apart from multicast router " neither refer to physical distance, and be meant in multicast network system and between the multicast router during transmission data equipment of process minimum;
Said second switch is used for when receiving the multicast protocol message, according to first corresponding relation of preserving the multicast protocol message (is promptly realized many M-VLAN registrations) from the user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, sends to said multicast router then;
Said first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between user access port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and the M-VLAN sign; Said user/M-VLAN sign can but be not limited to numeral, said multicast group address can but be not limited to the IP address.
In the present embodiment, when between said multicast router and the user terminal during only through a switch, first, second switch is same switch.
In the present embodiment, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said first switch specifically can be meant said multicast packet in from the M-VLAN internal conversion to one or more user vlans:
Said first switch is according to second corresponding relation, with said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion to corresponding multicast outbound port, and one or more user vlans in; Said second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the corresponding user vlan sign of M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port; Said user/M-VLAN sign can but be not limited to numeral, said multicast group address can but be not limited to the IP address.
Present embodiment is introduced a plurality of M-VLAN, with the nearest switch of multicast router on realize many M-VLAN registrations, can carry out the isolation and the control of refinement more to multicast packet, thereby improve the flexibility of multicast forwarding, satisfy the special applications scene.
Other realizes that details can be referring to embodiment one.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the said method can instruct related hardware to accomplish through program, said program can be stored in the computer-readable recording medium, like read-only memory, disk or CD etc.Alternatively, all or part of step of the foregoing description also can use one or more integrated circuits to realize.Correspondingly, each the module/unit in the foregoing description can adopt the form of hardware to realize, also can adopt the form of software function module to realize.The present invention is not restricted to the combination of the hardware and software of any particular form.
Certainly; The present invention also can have other various embodiments; Under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; Those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection range of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. method of multicasting comprises:
Multicast router from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to first switch with the multicast packet of receiving according to the multicast protocol message that receives; Said first switch is the nearest switch of multicast network system middle distance user terminal;
Said first switch with said multicast packet from multicast virtual local area network VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that:
The multicast protocol message that said multicast router is received is in M-VLAN; Said M-VLAN comprises one or more.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said multicast router also comprises before the step of multicast source request multicast packet according to the multicast protocol message that receives:
Second switch when receiving the multicast protocol message, according to first corresponding relation of preserving with the multicast protocol message from the user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, send to said multicast router then; Said second switch is the nearest switch of the said multicast router of multicast network system middle distance;
Said first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and the M-VLAN sign.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said first switch is meant from the M-VLAN internal conversion said multicast packet in one or more user vlans:
Said first switch is according to second corresponding relation, with said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion to corresponding multicast outbound port, and one or more user vlans in;
Said second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the corresponding user vlan sign of M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port.
5. like claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that:
Said user/M-VLAN is designated numeral, and said multicast group address is the IP address.
6. a multicast network system comprises: multicast router, one or more switch;
It is characterized in that:
At least comprise first switch that the distance users terminal is nearest in said one or more switch;
Multicast router is used for according to the multicast protocol message that receives from multicast source request multicast packet the multicast packet of receiving being sent to first switch;
Said first switch be used for said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
7. system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that:
The multicast protocol message that said multicast router is received is in M-VLAN; Said M-VLAN comprises one or more.
8. system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, when a plurality of M-VLAN, also comprises in said one or more switches:
The distance second nearest switch of said multicast router is used for when receive the multicast protocol message, according to first corresponding relation of preservation with the multicast protocol message from the user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, send to said multicast router then;
Said first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and the M-VLAN sign.
9. system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, when a plurality of M-VLAN, said first switch is meant from the M-VLAN internal conversion said multicast packet in one or more user vlans:
Said first switch is according to second corresponding relation, with said multicast packet from the M-VLAN internal conversion to corresponding multicast outbound port, and one or more user vlans in;
Said second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the corresponding user vlan sign of M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port.
10. like claim 8 or 9 described systems, it is characterized in that:
Said user/M-VLAN is designated numeral, and said multicast group address is the IP address.
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| CN104796630A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-07-22 | 长沙楚风数码科技有限公司 | Distributive signal switch transmission method |
| CN104796630B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-08-10 | 长沙楚风数码科技有限公司 | A kind of distributed signal switched transmission method |
| CN107885573A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of control method of data traffic, controller and data center systems |
| CN107885573B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2021-09-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data flow control method, controller and data center system |
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| CN102347906B (en) | 2014-11-05 |
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