CN102346130B - Method for identifying clay in micro-deposit (rock) - Google Patents
Method for identifying clay in micro-deposit (rock) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for identifying clay in micro-deposit (rock), which comprises the following steps: placing a rock slice under an orthogonality polarization microscope; moving to a delustring position; rotating an objective table for 45 DEG, paralleling the long shaft direction of the mineral to be measured with diagonal bisector of second-quadrant and fourth-quadrant in an ocular lens of the microscope; inserting a gypsum test panel; overlapping the large refractive index formed by positive ductility and prolongation direction of the mineral to be measured with small refractive index of a gypsum test panel, wherein the interference color of a clay mineral is first-grade yellow; determining the content of the clay mineral with yellow interference color by an area eye estimation percentage method; rotating the objective table for 90 DEG, paralleling the long shaft direction of the mineral to be measured with diagonal bisector of first-quadrant and third-quadrant in the ocular lens of the microscope; overlapping the large refractive index formed by positive ductility and prolongation direction of the mineral to be measured with small refractive index Z of the gypsum test panel, wherein the interference color of the clay mineral is purple; determining the content of the clay mineral with purple interference color by the area eye estimation percentage method; accurately, rapidly identifying the clay mineral in the micro-deposit (rock).
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates under a kind of mirror fast the method for the fine sediment of precise Identification (rock) (particle diameter is less than 0.03mm) medium clay soil.
Background technology:
At present under the polarizing microscope, for volcanic ash tuff and the very difficult differentiation of pelyte of grade fine (particle diameter is less than 0.03mm).The mineral of the pelitic fine clay mineral of numerous composition and numerous composition volcanic ash tuff all become aggregate to distribute under polarizing microscope, and each Separate Fine-grained Minerals is a tip-like, can't distinguish form and the interference color of single Separate Fine-grained Minerals at all.Obscure easily, cause lithology identification to make mistakes.Clay mineral is pelitic important composition.Whether rock is to distinguish pelyte or the Main Basis of volcanic ash tuff take clay mineral as main.Pelyte belongs to the normal sedimentation rock that the parent rocks carrying comes, and volcanic ash tuff is the volcanoclastic rock that volcanic eruption is fallen down from the crater.The precise Identification clay mineral is particularly important for distinguishing volcanic ash tuff and pelyte.Lithology is surely inaccurate can't be discussed whole reservoir quality at all.So more can't accurately make lithology, electrically, four sexual intercourse such as oiliness and physical property, finally have a strong impact on the discovery of petroleum exploration and development oil prospecting direction and find.
Fine sediment (rock) medium clay soil of present domestic employing and content statistics are as background technology take People's Republic of China's oil and gas industry standard SY/T 5368--2000 " petrographic thin section evaluation ".The shortcoming of the method is under polarizing microscope, and the pelyte of and grade close (grade less than 0.0313mm) completely different for mineralogical composition and volcanic ash tuff are difficult to distinguish.The mineral of the pelitic fine clay mineral of numerous composition and numerous composition volcanic ash tuff all become aggregate to distribute under polarizing microscope, and each Separate Fine-grained Minerals is a tip-like, can't distinguish form and the interference color of single Separate Fine-grained Minerals at all.Obscure easily and cause lithology fixed wrong.Lithology is fixed wrong to whole reservoir quality; Lithology, electrically, four sexual intercourse such as oiliness and physical property, and the discovery of petroleum exploration and development oil prospecting direction and find all can have a strong impact on.
The sedimentogeneous rock clay mineral macroanalysis method of present domestic employing is as background technology take the oil and gas industry standard SY/T 6210--1996 of the People's Republic of China (PRC) " sedimentogeneous rock clay mineral total amount and the quantitative analysis method of common non-clay mineral X-ray diffraction ".The shortcoming of the method is to use instrument and equipment many, and it is slow that behaviour does speed, and the sample preparation cycle is long, can not can both do at any time the macroanalysis of sedimentogeneous rock clay mineral by every sample.For above-mentioned situation invented a kind of fast, the new method of the fine sediment of precise Identification (rock) medium clay soil and assay.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of under polarizing microscope fast, precise Identification has or not clay, fine (particle diameter is less than the 0.03mm) volcanic ash tuff that comes in order to distinguish volcanic eruption and parent rock carrying and the normal sedimentation rock that comes-pelitic method is correctly identified the pelyte lithology.Lithology is the basis of oil geology research, final be used for correct discuss reservoir quality, correctly discuss lithology, electrically, four sexual intercourse such as oiliness and physical property; And provide the accurate science foundation for the discovery of petroleum exploration and development oil prospecting direction and find.
Of the present invention a kind of under polarizing microscope fast, the clay mitigation in the fine sediment of precise Identification (rock).
Its step is as follows:
(1) at first sampling, every sample cuts the rock sample of 25mm * 25mm * 5mm or diameter 25mm * 5mm, and remaining sample is done hand specimen;
(2) glue is solid: will need the solid rock sample of glue by number with electric dry oven in heating between temperature 50 C～60 ℃, oven dry, with oleoresin adhesive rock is carried out glue admittedly, treat that glue is baked to finger and can twist, close when the color of glue is brown electromagnetic oven into pieces, or directly drip strike-through admittedly with " 502 " glue, the rock sample that glue is admittedly good takes out successively, replaces;
The preparation of oleoresin adhesive: rosin and terebinthina put in people's enamelled cup after in 3: 2 ratio (mass ratio) weighing heat at the sand-bath stove, and constantly stir with glass bar, close electric furnace after rosin is melted fully.For subsequent use after the cooling;
(3) corase grind plane: the rock sample that glue is admittedly good adds the water preliminary grinding at wafer lapping machine with No. 100 emery, then carries out second time glue and consolidates;
(4) flat surface grinding in: will be through the solid rock sample of glue for the second time, wafer lapping machine with No. 400 emery with grind during water mixes, it is smooth to be milled to the plane.
(5) fine grinding plane: the rock sample of flat surface grinding in will passing through, with W20 emery and water mixing fine grinding, use again W10 emery and water mixing fine grinding at wafer lapping machine, it is smooth to be milled to the plane.
(6) finished plane: with the rock sample on the good plane of fine grinding, be blended on the glass plate with W7 emery and water and finish grind, be milled to till the light of plane.
(7) bonding die: be blended on the wafer lapping machine with W20 emery and water, it is for subsequent use that the one side of micro slide is worn into hair side.With soft plain-weave silk fabric cloth micro slide and the good rock sample plane of correct grinding are wiped clean.Micro slide, rock sample are heated at spirit lamp, then the solid abies balsam are coated on the central part and rock sample plane of micro slide, make rock sample and micro slide the gummed, with Medical forceps the micro slide all around is pushed gently, make glue-line thin and even, without bubble.Use " 502 " sheet adhesive.
(8) corase grind thin slice: with the rock sample that glues, mix corase grind at wafer lapping machine with water with No. 100, No. 120 emery, thickness is milled to 0.28mm～0.40mm, and sliver does not come unstuck.
(9) wear down sheet: will roughly grind good sliver, and mix with water with W28 emery, and be milled to 0.12mm～0.18mm at wafer lapping machine, it is complete that sliver keeps.
(10) correct grinding thin slice: the sliver that fine grinding is good, usefulness W20 number, W10 emery mix with water respectively, are milled to step by step 0.04mm～0.05mm on wafer lapping machine.Under the polarizing microscope, quartzy interference color are that one-level is yellow, without the drop phenomenon, then are blended in W7 emery and water and are milled to 0.03mm on the glass plate, and quartzy interference color are the one-level canescence under the polarizing microscope; As be carbonatite, then be milled to 0.04mm, clear in structure under the polarizing microscope, interference color are senior white.
(11) cover plate: the polarisation thin slice is generally answered cover plate, analyzes requirement if any other, determines according to the requirement of user and appraiser.According to the requirement of appraiser, select the rock coloring agent to dye.The dyeing area is 1/2 or 1/3 of rock sample surface, and dyeing time can take the circumstances into consideration to rest within the 1min, washes down with clear water immediately after the dyeing and dries.Drip an amount of fir pre-prepared colloid (preparation of fir pre-prepared colloid see in the appendix A A.2) at the sliver of dyeing, again cover plate is heated slightly, be placed on the glue plane, push gently with Medical forceps, discharge bubble.Then remaining glue around the even cover glass of little icking tool of using heating after the petrographic thin section cooling of building cover plate cleaned with alcohol.
(12) label: paste respectively the label with sample number, numbering, pound sign, well depth of filling in burnt black ink at thin slice front upper/lower terminal.
(13) the normal conventional petrographic thin section that makes is placed under the orthogonal polarizing microscope;
(14) rotate objective table and forward mineral to be measured to extinction position (the delustring bit position is equivalent to be 15 degree angles with the microscopically crosshair);
(15) again objective table is rotated 45 degree, with two in the parallel microscope ocular of mineral long axis direction to be measured, four-quadrant to angular bisector (Fig. 1);
(16) insert gypsum plate;
(17) positive elongation of mineral to be measured and extending direction are that the little index of refraction X of large index of refraction and gypsum plate is overlapping, and interference color reduce yellowing, are clay mineral;
(18) adopting area visual estimation number percent method to measure interference color under the mirror is yellow clay mineral content.Concrete steps are: at first use low power object lens to estimate percentage, and the camera lens multiple that uses is indicated on form; Then select the ken first thin slice to be made the circuit of comprehensively, estimate and the percentage composition that interference color are yellow clay mineral;
(19) again objective table is rotated 90 degree, with one, three limit in the parallel microscope ocular of mineral long axis direction to be measured to angular bisector (Fig. 2);
(20) positive elongation of mineral to be measured and extending direction are that the large index of refraction Z of large index of refraction and gypsum plate is overlapping, and interference color raise and become the empurpled clay mineral that is;
(21) adopting area visual estimation number percent method to measure interference color under the mirror is the clay mineral content of purple.Area visual estimation number percent method concrete steps are: at first use low power object lens to estimate percentage, and the camera lens multiple that uses is indicated on form; Then select the ken first thin slice to be made the circuit of comprehensively, estimate and the percentage composition that interference color are the purple clay mineral.
The invention effect
The present invention can be accurately fast, determine the clay mineral in the microfine sediment (rock).Accurately judge the rock class, this class difficult problem of volcanic ash tuff that the normal sedimentation thing that especially comes for accurate differentiation parent rock carrying or volcanic eruption are fallen down from the crater provides accurate distinguishing rule.Lithology is the basis of oil geology research, and lithology is fixed, and plays key effect for whole petroleum reservoir character and four sexual intercourse (lithology, electrically, oiliness and physical property), provides the accurate instruction direction to the discovery of whole oil prospecting and find.
The inventive method fast, accurately has practicality very much, and significant.Each elephant all has analogue both at home and abroad, can apply.
Description of drawings
Under Fig. 1 mirror in the parallel eyepiece of mineral long axis direction to be measured two, four-quadrant to angular bisector.
Under Fig. 2 mirror in the parallel eyepiece of mineral long axis direction to be measured one, three quadrants to angular bisector.
Embodiment
Organize the rock sample of (P2p) 1450.38 meters as example take the eastern Huoshaoshan of standard oil field H065 Jing Pingdiquan
Concrete steps:
(1) at first sampling, every sample cuts the rock sample of 25mm * 25mm * 5mm or diameter 25mm * 5mm, and remaining sample is done hand specimen.
(2) glue admittedly will need the solid rock sample of glue by number with electric dry oven in heating between temperature 50 C～60 ℃, oven dry.With the oleoresin adhesive (preparation of oleoresin adhesive: rosin and terebinthina put in people's enamelled cup after in 3: 2 ratio (mass ratio) weighing heat at the sand-bath stove, and constantly stir with glass bar, close electric furnace after rosin is melted fully.For subsequent use after the cooling.) that rock is carried out glue is solid, treat that glue is baked to finger can twist into pieces, close electromagnetic oven when the color of glue is brown, or directly drip strike-through with " 502 " glue and consolidate.The rock sample that glue is admittedly good takes out successively, replaces.
(3) corase grind plane: the rock sample that glue is admittedly good adds the water preliminary grinding at wafer lapping machine with No. 100 emery, then carries out second time glue and consolidates.
(4) flat surface grinding in: will be through the solid rock sample of glue for the second time, wafer lapping machine with No. 400 emery with grind during water mixes, it is smooth to be milled to the plane.
(5) fine grinding plane: the rock sample of flat surface grinding in will passing through, with W20 emery and water mixing fine grinding, use again W10 emery and water mixing fine grinding at wafer lapping machine, it is smooth to be milled to the plane.
(6) finished plane: with the rock sample on the good plane of fine grinding, be blended on the glass plate with W7 emery and water and finish grind, be milled to till the light of plane.
(7) bonding die: be blended on the wafer lapping machine with W20 emery and water, it is for subsequent use that the one side of micro slide is worn into hair side.With soft plain-weave silk fabric cloth micro slide and the good rock sample plane of correct grinding are wiped clean.Micro slide, rock sample are heated at spirit lamp, then the solid abies balsam are coated on the central part and rock sample plane of micro slide, make rock sample and micro slide the gummed, with Medical forceps the micro slide all around is pushed gently, make glue-line thin and even, without bubble.Use " 502 " sheet adhesive.
(8) corase grind thin slice: with the rock sample that glues, mix corase grind at wafer lapping machine with water with No. 100, No. 120 emery, thickness is milled to 0.28mm～0.40mm, and sliver does not come unstuck.
(9) fine grinding thin slice: will roughly grind good sliver, and mix with water with W28 emery, and be milled to 0.12mm～0.18mm at wafer lapping machine, it is complete that sliver keeps.
(10) correct grinding thin slice: the sliver that fine grinding is good, usefulness W20 number, W10 emery mix with water respectively, are milled to step by step 0.04mm～0.05mm on wafer lapping machine.Under the polarizing microscope, quartzy interference color are that one-level is yellow, without the drop phenomenon, then are blended in W7 emery and water and are milled to 0.03mm on the glass plate, and quartzy interference color are the one-level canescence under the polarizing microscope; As be carbonatite, then be milled to 0.04mm, clear in structure under the polarizing microscope, interference color are senior white.
(11) cover plate: the polarisation thin slice is generally answered cover plate, analyzes requirement if any other, determines according to the requirement of user and appraiser.According to the requirement of appraiser, select the rock coloring agent to dye.The dyeing area is 1/2 or 1/3 of rock sample surface, and dyeing time can take the circumstances into consideration to rest within the 1min, washes down with clear water immediately after the dyeing and dries.Drip an amount of fir pre-prepared colloid (preparation of fir pre-prepared colloid see in the appendix A A.2) at the sliver of dyeing, again cover plate is heated slightly, be placed on the glue plane, push gently with Medical forceps, discharge bubble.Then remaining glue around the even cover glass of little icking tool of using heating after the petrographic thin section cooling of building cover plate cleaned with alcohol.
(12) label: paste respectively the label with sample number, numbering, pound sign, well depth of filling in burnt black ink at thin slice front upper/lower terminal.
(13) the normal conventional petrographic thin section that makes is placed under the orthogonal polarizing microscope;
(14) rotate objective table and forward mineral to be measured to extinction position (the delustring bit position is equivalent to be 15 degree angles with the microscopically crosshair);
(15) again objective table is rotated 45 degree, with two in the parallel microscope ocular of mineral long axis direction to be measured, four-quadrant to angular bisector;
(16) insert gypsum plate;
(17) positive elongation of mineral to be measured and extending direction are that the little index of refraction X of large index of refraction and gypsum plate is overlapping, and interference color reduce and become the one-level yellow, are clay mineral;
1450.38 meters of H065 well P2p well depths, interference color are the clay mineral that is of one-level yellow, 25 times of (two under the mirror in parallel microscope oculars of clay mineral long axis direction, four-quadrant to angular bisector, the positive elongation of clay mineral and extending direction are that the little index of refraction X of large index of refraction and gypsum plate is overlapping, and interference color reduce and become the one-level yellow).
(18) adopting area visual estimation number percent method to measure interference color under the mirror is yellow clay mineral content.Concrete steps are: at first use low power object lens to estimate percentage, and the camera lens multiple that uses is indicated on form; Then select the ken first thin slice to be made the circuit of comprehensively, estimate and the percentage composition that interference color are yellow clay mineral N, N=95%;
(19) again objective table is rotated 90 degree, with one, three limit in the parallel microscope ocular of mineral long axis direction to be measured to angular bisector;
(20) positive elongation of mineral to be measured and extending direction are that the large index of refraction Z of large index of refraction and gypsum plate is overlapping, and interference color raise and become the empurpled clay mineral that is;
1450.38 meters of H065 well P2p well depths, interference color are the clay mineral that is of purple among the figure, 25 times (under the mirror in the parallel microscope ocular of clay mineral long axis direction one, three quadrants to angular bisector, the positive elongation of clay mineral and extending direction are that the large index of refraction Z of large index of refraction and gypsum plate is overlapping, and interference color raise and become the empurpled clay mineral that is).
(21) adopting area visual estimation number percent method to measure interference color under the mirror is the clay mineral content of purple.Area visual estimation number percent method concrete steps are: at first use low power object lens to estimate percentage, and the camera lens multiple that uses is indicated on form; Then select the ken first thin slice to be made the circuit of comprehensively, estimate and the percentage composition that interference color are purple clay mineral N, N=95%.
Claims (1)
1. the authentication method of a fine sedimentogeneous rock medium clay soil, fine sedimentogeneous rock particle diameter is characterized in that less than 0.03mm:
Its step is as follows:
(1) at first sampling, every sample cuts the rock sample of 25mm * 25mm * 5mm, and remaining sample is done hand specimen;
(2) glue is solid: will need the solid rock sample of glue by number with electric dry oven in heating between temperature 50 C～60 ℃, oven dry, with oleoresin adhesive rock sample is carried out glue admittedly, treat that glue is baked to finger and can twist, close when the color of glue is brown electromagnetic oven into pieces, or directly drip strike-through admittedly with " 502 " glue, the rock sample that glue is admittedly good takes out successively, replaces;
The preparation of oleoresin adhesive: rosin and terebinthina are put into enamelled cup by the quality of 3:2 after than weighing heat at the sand-bath stove, and constantly stir with glass bar, close electric furnace after rosin is melted fully, for subsequent use after the cooling;
(3) corase grind plane: the rock sample that glue is admittedly good adds the water preliminary grinding at wafer lapping machine with No. 100 emery, then carries out second time glue and consolidates;
(4) flat surface grinding in: will be through the solid rock sample of glue for the second time, wafer lapping machine with No. 400 emery with grind during water mixes, it is smooth to be milled to the plane;
(5) fine grinding plane: the rock sample of flat surface grinding in will passing through, with W20 emery and water mixing fine grinding, use again W10 emery and water mixing fine grinding at wafer lapping machine, it is smooth to be milled to the plane;
(6) finished plane: with the rock sample on the good plane of fine grinding, be blended on the glass plate with W7 emery and water and finish grind, be milled to till the light of plane;
(7) bonding die: be blended on the wafer lapping machine with W20 emery and water, it is for subsequent use that the one side of micro slide is worn into hair side, with soft plain-weave silk fabric cloth micro slide and the good rock sample plane of correct grinding wiped clean;
Micro slide, rock sample are heated at spirit lamp, then the solid abies balsam is coated on the central part and rock sample plane of micro slide, makes rock sample and micro slide gummed, with Medical forceps the micro slide all around is pushed gently, make glue-line thin and even, without bubble, use " 502 " sheet adhesive;
(8) corase grind petrographic thin section: with the rock sample that glues, mix corase grind at wafer lapping machine with water with No. 100, No. 120 emery, thickness is milled to 0.28mm～0.40mm, and petrographic thin section does not come unstuck;
(9) fine grinding petrographic thin section: will roughly grind good petrographic thin section, with W28 emery and water
Mix, be milled to 0.12mm～0.18mm at wafer lapping machine, it is complete that petrographic thin section keeps;
(10) correct grinding petrographic thin section: the petrographic thin section that fine grinding is good, usefulness W20 number, W10 emery mix with water respectively, on wafer lapping machine, be milled to step by step 0.04mm～0.05mm, under the polarizing microscope, quartzy interference color are that one-level is yellow, without the drop phenomenon, then be blended in W7 emery and water and be milled to 0.03mm on the glass plate, quartzy interference color are the one-level canescence under the polarizing microscope; Carbonatite then is milled to 0.04mm, clear in structure under the polarizing microscope, and interference color are senior white;
(11) cover plate: select the rock coloring agent to dye, the dyeing area is 1/2 or 1/3 of rock sample surface, dyeing washes down with clear water immediately after the dyeing and dries within 1min, at a petrographic thin section fir pre-prepared colloid of dyeing, again cover plate is heated slightly, be placed on the glue plane, push gently with Medical forceps, discharge bubble, then remaining glue around the even cover glass of little icking tool of using heating after the petrographic thin section cooling of building cover plate cleaned with alcohol;
(12) label and paste respectively the label with sample number, numbering, pound sign, well depth of filling in burnt black ink at petrographic thin section front upper/lower terminal;
(13) the normal conventional petrographic thin section that makes is placed under the orthogonal polarizing microscope;
(14) rotate objective table and forward petrographic thin section to extinction position, the delustring bit position is equivalent to be 15 degree angles with the microscopically crosshair;
(15) again objective table is rotated 45 degree, with two in the parallel microscope ocular of petrographic thin section long axis direction, four-quadrant to angular bisector;
(16) insert gypsum plate;
(17) positive elongation of petrographic thin section and extending direction are that the little index of refraction X of large index of refraction and gypsum plate is overlapping, and interference color reduce yellowing, are clay mineral;
(18) adopting area visual estimation number percent method to measure interference color under the mirror be yellow clay mineral content, and concrete steps are: at first use low power object lens to estimate percentage, and the camera lens multiple of use is indicated on form; Then select the ken first thin slice to be made the circuit of comprehensively, estimate and the percentage composition that interference color are yellow clay mineral;
(19) again objective table is rotated 90 degree, with one, three limit in the parallel microscope ocular of petrographic thin section long axis direction to angular bisector;
(20) positive elongation of petrographic thin section and extending direction are that the large index of refraction Z of large index of refraction and gypsum plate is overlapping, and interference color raise and become the empurpled clay mineral that is;
(21) adopting area visual estimation number percent method to measure interference color under the mirror is the clay mineral content of purple, and area visual estimation number percent method concrete steps are: at first use low power object lens to estimate percentage, and the camera lens multiple that uses is indicated on form; Then select the ken first thin slice to be made the circuit of comprehensively, estimate and the percentage composition that interference color are the purple clay mineral;
Percentage composition in the method all is volumn concentration.
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| CN 201010246018 CN102346130B (en) | 2010-08-05 | 2010-08-05 | Method for identifying clay in micro-deposit (rock) |
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| CN 201010246018 CN102346130B (en) | 2010-08-05 | 2010-08-05 | Method for identifying clay in micro-deposit (rock) |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103471883B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-10-14 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The manufacture method of petrographic thin section in a kind of visual real core model |
| CN104422692B (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2017-10-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of authentication method of microsize grade volcanic dust tufaceous mud stone |
| CN104422670B (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2017-10-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of authentication method of microsize grade volcanic ash tuff |
| CN103806334A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-21 | 如东南天农科化工有限公司 | Process for preparing cationic rosin size |
| CN105571921B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2018-10-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of colouring method of fine and close oily reservoir rock thin slice |
| CN111189830B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2022-08-19 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质大队 | Identification method of neutral volcanic rock-andesite |
| CN111829937B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-06-08 | 东北石油大学 | Quantitative evaluation method and system for surface roughness of organic kerogen pores in shale |
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| CN1525154A (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-01 | 朱玉双 | Vadose mechanism of transmission micro oil gas and reservoir bed damage analyzer |
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| JP2000162053A (en) * | 1998-11-24 | 2000-06-16 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Apparatus and method for analyzing stress in rock mass |
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| CN1525154A (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-01 | 朱玉双 | Vadose mechanism of transmission micro oil gas and reservoir bed damage analyzer |
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