CN102330038B - Environmentally friendly medium-carbon free cutting structural iron containing bismuth - Google Patents
Environmentally friendly medium-carbon free cutting structural iron containing bismuth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environmentally friendly medium-carbon free cutting structural iron containing bismuth. The free cutting structural iron comprises, by mass, 0.32-0.50% of C, 0.70-2.0% of Mn, 0.08-0.50% of S, equal to or less than 0.40% of Si, equal to or less than 0.060% of P, 0.05-0.20% of Bi, 0.0010-0.0200% of N, and the balance Fe and impurities, wherein the mass percentage ratio of Mn/S is equal to or more than 1.4, the mass percentage ratio of Bi/S is 0.1-2.5, Altot is equal to or less than 0.04%, and T[O] is 0.0010-0.0150%. The free cutting structural iron of the invention has a cutting ability better than the cutting ability of traditional free cutting steels containing a corresponding content of carbon and no lead and not lower than the cutting ability of traditional free cutting steels containing a corresponding content of carbon and lead, good room temperature comprehensive mechanical properties, a environmental protection property which is not possessed by the traditional free cutting steels containing a corresponding content of carbon and lead, and a low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of easy-to-cut structural steel, particularly a kind of middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron belongs to metallurgical technology field.
Background technology
At present, at home in the production development process and national standard of steel industry " middle carbon easy-cutting structure iron ", normally add easily cutting element such as sulphur, phosphorus or compound interpolation sulphur-lead, sulphur-phosphorus-lead, sulphur-calcium, sulphur-Xi, sulphur-phosphorus-Xi etc. in steel, the problem of its existence is: the relative imperfection of steel grade, the trade mark of (1) domestic middle carbon easy-cutting structure iron.(2) although leaded easy-to-cut structural steel cutting ability is better, produce and use procedure in pollution to environment larger, also can endanger healthyly, the feature of environmental protection is poor.(3) although common easy-to-cut structural steel, calcic or stanniferous comparatively environmental protection of easy-to-cut structural steel, its cutting ability is inferior to leaded easy-to-cut structural steel all the time, and stanniferous easy-to-cut structural steel cost is also higher.Tin is with present 200,000 yuan/tons calculation of price, if tin content is 0.09～0.15% in the steel, even the tin that then adds is lossless, its cost is also up to 180～300 yuan/tons of steel.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, with steel grade, the trade mark that improves domestic easy-to-cut structural steel, and under the prerequisite more excellent than corresponding carbon content sulfur-bearing easy-to-cut structural steel performance, at lower cost, the better feature of environmental protection and no less than the cutting ability of the leaded easy-to-cut structural steel of corresponding carbon content, replacing is the sulfur-bearing free cutting steel, leaded free cutting steel etc. of widely used corresponding carbon content in the market.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron.This steel grade is calculated by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.32～0.50%, Mn:0.70～2.0%, S:0.08～0.50%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.060%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S of Mn and S 〉=1.4, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.1 of Bi and S～2.5; Altot in the steel (Holo-Al content) :≤0.04%, T[O] (total oxygen content): 0.0010～0.0150%.
Above-mentioned middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron can contain also that one or more can improve the element of cutting ability among Se, Te, Zr, Ca, Mg, Zn, the Sb.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.32～0.40%, Mn:0.70～1.20%, S:0.08～0.15%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.040%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=4.67 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.33 of Bi and S～2.5; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y35Bi of this described steel.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.32～0.40%, Mn:0.90～1.50%, S:0.10～0.30%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.050%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=3 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.17 of Bi and S～2; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y35MnBi of this described steel.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.32～0.40%, Mn:1.35～1.65%, S:0.25～0.50%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.060%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=2.7 of Mn and S～6.60, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.1 of Bi and S～0.8; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y35MnSBi of this described steel.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.37～0.45%, Mn:0.70～1.20%, S:0.08～0.15%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.040%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=4.67 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.33 of Bi and S～2.5; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y40Bi of this described steel.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.37～0.45%, Mn:0.90～1.50%, S:0.10～0.30%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.050%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=3 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.17 of Bi and S～2; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y40MnBi of this described steel.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.37～0.45%, Mn:1.35～1.65%, S:0.25～0.50%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.060%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=2.7 of Mn and S～6.60, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.1 of Bi and S～0.8; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y40MnSBi of this described steel.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.40～0.50%, Mn:0.70～1.20%, S:0.08～0.15%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.040%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=4.67 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.33 of Bi and S～2.5; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y45Bi of this described steel.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.40～0.50%, Mn:0.90～1.50%, S:0.10～0.30%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.050%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=3 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.17 of Bi and S～2; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y45MnBi of this described steel.
Aforesaid middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron, calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.40～0.50%, Mn:1.35～1.65%, S:0.25～0.50%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.060%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=2.7 of Mn and S～6.60, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.1 of Bi and S～0.8; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.Special called after: the Y45MnSBi of this described steel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is a kind of new middle carbon easy-cutting structure iron, and compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics:
(1) have good comprehensive mechanical property under the room temperature, the property indices under hot rolling, the cold drawn and quality adjustment condition can reach even be better than the performance requriements of the corresponding carbon content easy-to-cut structural steel stipulated among standard GB/T/T 8731-2008.
(2) cutting ability far surpasses common easy-to-cut structural steel, is not weaker than the cutting ability of the leaded easy-to-cut structural steel of traditional corresponding carbon content.Bi content only is a half of lead content in the leaded easy-to-cut structural steel in steel, namely has the cutting ability suitable with the leaded easy-to-cut structural steel of corresponding carbon content.
(3) not leaded in the steel, have the feature of environmental protection that leaded easy-to-cut structural steel does not possess.
(4) cost is lower.In bismuth, tin alloy price on the Vehicles Collected from Market, consider simultaneously and survey the adding mode, tooling cost, technique, loss of bismuth in the actual production of the present invention etc., its bismuth alloy is 156 yuan/tons of steel; Even and free machining structural steel of containing stannum is not considered the loss of tin alloy, its cost of alloy is minimum also must to reach 180 yuan/tons of steel.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
One, optimum chemical composition of the present invention
The applicant will reach preferably hot workability, comprehensive mechanical property and cutting ability through a large amount of test discoveries, and optimum chemical composition of the present invention need satisfy table 1 condition.
Table 1 optimum chemical composition combination of the present invention (all the other are mass percent except Mn/S, Bi/S)
The present invention can should carry out external refining and process with converter or electric furnace production, can adopt Fruit storage in case of necessity, and smelting technology is basic identical with straight carbon steel.Bismuth adds with cored-wire in ladle, and fully stirs.The casting mode can be die casting, also can be continuous casting.
Two, the actual tests of several typical bismuth-containing easy-to-cut structural steels of the present invention
1, the chemical composition of the bismuth-containing easy-to-cut structural steel of concrete test production sees Table 2.
The chemical composition of the actual tests product of table 2 several typical steel of the present invention (all the other are mass percent except Mn/S, Bi/S)
Annotate: more than be electric furnace+refining furnace+continuous casting and smelt and produce.
2, room-temperature mechanical property test
After all adopting the continuous casting mode to be cast into the steel billet of 150 * 150mm2 above-mentioned 9 kinds of steel, be rolled into the round steel of ∮ 32, the bright material of cold drawn one-tenth ∮ 30 more again, the room-temperature mechanical property of its hot rolling material and cold drawn material is respectively shown in table 3, table 4.
Table 3 hot rolling material room-temperature mechanical property
The cold drawn material room-temperature mechanical property of table 4
3, cutting ability test
Test site: Shoudu Iron and Steel Co Guiyang Special Steel Co., Ltd. steel research centre
Test type: the German DMG product CTX510 eco of group cnc machine tool
Test materials: take the ∮ 32mm hot rolled circular steel of 9 kinds of steel described in the table 2 as test materials, and the same state of Y40Mn, 11L44 that comparatively approaches with the composition that is able to widespread use on the market, same specification product steel as a comparison.The compared steel composition sees Table 5.
Table 5 cutting test compared steel composition
Size of sample: swing the impact that brings for reducing sample, select the cutting material to be of a size of ∮ 32mm * 600mm, length of cut is 400mm, and maximum is cut to ∮ 24mm.
Test cutter: YT14 inserted tool
Cutting speed: 150m/min
Feed: 0.2mm/r
Cutting output: 1mm
Cutting way: under without any lubricated dried cutting state, measure separately flank wear width when cutting 10min, 20min, 30min and the cutting surface roughness during with roughness contrast piece contrast cutting 20min with lathe; Collect chip breaking and screening, calculate by percentage to the quality the separately ratio such as " C " type bits, the curling bits of curling length≤10mm, the curling bits of curling length＞10mm.Cutting test the results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 cutting test result
Experiment results proved: the present invention not only has the comprehensive mechanical property of corresponding carbon content easy-to-cut structural steel among standard GB/T/T 8731-2008, also has the machinability that far is more than it, suitable with the machinability of the leaded easy-to-cut structural steel of corresponding carbon content of the similar trade mark in the world, have simultaneously the not available feature of environmental protection of corresponding carbon content easy-to-cut structural steel, and production cost is lower than stanniferous free cutting steel.Can also add in the steel of the present invention that one or more can improve the element of cutting ability among Se, Te, Zr, Ca, Mg, Zn, the Sb, to improve its cutting ability.
Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to above-described embodiment, and the various variations of making under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention all belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron in a kind, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.32～0.50%, Mn:0.70～2.0%, S:0.08～0.50%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.060%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S of Mn and S 〉=1.4, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.1 of Bi and S～2.5; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
2. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.32～0.40%, Mn:0.70～1.20%, S:0.08～0.15%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.040%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=4.67 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.33 of Bi and S～2.5; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
3. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.32～0.40%, Mn:0.90～1.50%, S:0.10～0.30%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.050%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=3 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.17 of Bi and S～2; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
4. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.32～0.40%, Mn:1.35～1.65%, S:0.25～0.50%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.060%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=2.7 of Mn and S～6.60, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.1 of Bi and S～0.8; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
5. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.37～0.45%, Mn:0.70～1.20%, S:0.08～0.15%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.040%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=4.67 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.33 of Bi and S～2.5; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
6. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.37～0.45%, Mn:0.90～1.50%, S:0.10～0.30%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.050%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=3 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.17 of Bi and S～2; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
7. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.37～0.45%, Mn:1.35～1.65%, S:0.25～0.50%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.060%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=2.7 of Mn and S～6.60, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.1 of Bi and S～0.8; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
8. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.40～0.50%, Mn:0.70～1.20%, S:0.08～0.15%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.040%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=4.67 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.33 of Bi and S～2.5; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
9. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.40～0.50%, Mn:0.90～1.50%, S:0.10～0.30%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.050%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=3 of Mn and S～15, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.17 of Bi and S～2; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
10. middle carbon bismuth-containing environment-protective free-cutting structure iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: calculate by percentage to the quality, contain C:0.40～0.50%, Mn:1.35～1.65%, S:0.25～0.50%, Si :≤0.40%, P :≤0.060%, Bi:0.05～0.20%, N:0.0010～0.0200%, all the other are Fe and impurity; The mass percent ratio Mn/S=2.7 of Mn and S～6.60, the mass percent ratio Bi/S=0.1 of Bi and S～0.8; Altot in the steel :≤0.04%, T[O]: 0.0010～0.0150%.
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