CN102323551A - Circuit for detecting locked point current of micro motor - Google Patents

Circuit for detecting locked point current of micro motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102323551A
CN102323551A CN201110271688A CN201110271688A CN102323551A CN 102323551 A CN102323551 A CN 102323551A CN 201110271688 A CN201110271688 A CN 201110271688A CN 201110271688 A CN201110271688 A CN 201110271688A CN 102323551 A CN102323551 A CN 102323551A
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fet
voltage
micromachine
drain electrode
current
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范立新
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SUPEC (SUZHOU) CO Ltd
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SUPEC (SUZHOU) CO Ltd
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a circuit for detecting a locked point current of a micro motor, which is used for accurately detecting the locked point current of the micro motor. The circuit for detecting the locked point current of the micro motor, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the micro motor, an input power supply, a micro motor current sampling circuit, a switch and a comparer circuit, wherein the voltage value of the input power supply is variable, the input power supply is used for providing a working voltage to the micro motor; the micro motor current sampling circuit is used for sampling the current of the micro motor and generating a sampling voltage; one end of the switch is connected with the input power supply, the other end of the switch is connected with the micro motor, the switch is used for controlling the working state of the micro motor; one input end of the comparer circuit receives the sampling voltage, the other input end of the comparer circuit receives a reference voltage, the reference voltage and the input power supply are in a direct proportion relation, the comparison output end of a comparer outputs a switching signal used for controlling switching on and off of a drive switch.

Description

A kind of micromachine stall point current detection circuit
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic technology field, relate in particular to a kind of micromachine stall point current detection circuit.
Background technology
During instrument and meter drives with micromachine, generally judge whether stall of motor through the detection micromachine size of current of flowing through.Micromachine locked rotor current testing circuit schematic diagram is imported power supply V shown in Figure 1A CCInput controlled switch S1 one end, the controlled switch S1 other end connects micromachine, micromachine and measuring resistance R SSeries connection is promptly through measuring resistance voltage V SSign flows through the electric current I of micromachine S, comparer A1 one input end extracts measuring resistance voltage V S, another input termination reference voltage V Th, comparator output terminal CS SW turns on and off.Through setting V Th, under the normal condition, as Vs＜V ThThe time, controlled switch S1 connects, input power supply V CCDrive the micromachine operate as normal; When micromachine produces stall, produce locked rotor current I S_th, this moment Vs＞=V Th, control controlled switch S1 turn-offs, and motor quits work, thus the protection micromachine is not burnt out.
The shortcoming of above method is in instrument and meter, to adopt battery as power supply usually, input power supply V CCCan be along with exhausting constantly of serviceable life diminish, V ThUnder the situation about fixedly installing, comparer can not accurately be judged locked rotor current, causes the erroneous judgement of stall point current detecting disconnected, below will combine Figure 1B to specify.
Shown in Figure 1B, the internal resistance during micromachine work is Rm, and internal resistance is Rw during switch conduction, and the inverse electromotive force that produces during the micromachine operate as normal is Ve,
During the micromachine operate as normal, the electric current I s of the micromachine of flowing through is:
Is＝(Vcc-Ve)/(Rw+Rm+Rs)；
Locked rotor current detects judging point:
Is_th＝Vth/Rs；
After micromachine produces stall, Ve=0, the stall working current Is_short of micromachine is:
Is_short＝Vcc/(Rw+Rm+Rs)；
The ratio of stall operating point electric current I s_th and locked rotor current Is_short is:
Is_th/Is_short＝((Rw+Rm+Rs)/Rs)*(Vth/Vcc)；
Is_th/Is_short ratio and Vcc are inversely proportional to, and in battery power supply system, battery uses the initial stage, and Vcc voltage is high, and Is_th and Is_short differ little, along with input voltage V CCReduce, Vcc voltage reduces, it is little big that Is_th and Is_short differ, for example, Vcc changes from 6V-3V, Is_th is constant, and Is_short will reduce twice.If ceiling voltage and minimum voltage difference are bigger, running current under the high voltage and the stall point current ratio under the low-voltage are more approaching, cause the micromachine misoperation easily.Internal resistance Rm=0.25 Ω like certain micromachine; Controlled switch internal resistance Rw=0.35 Ω; Input supply voltage is Vcc=2.8V～1.2V, and rated operational current is 3A when 2.8V, is that rated operational current is 1.3A at 1.2V; And be locked rotor current Is_short=Vcc/ (Rs+Rw)=1.2V/0.6 Ω=2A at 1.2V, therefore the rated current when short-circuit current is less than 2.8V when 1.2V is arranged.If by being provided with under the minimum 1.2V condition, just action of stall does not also take place in that under 2.8V with locked rotor current; Otherwise, by being provided with under the ceiling voltage condition, stall then takes place under the 1.2V condition also can't judge.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of micromachine stall point current detection circuit, is used for accurately detecting the stall point electric current of micromachine under different input supply voltages.
A kind of micromachine stall point current detection circuit according to the embodiment of the invention offers comprises micromachine, further comprises:
The input power supply, said input power source voltage value changes, and is used to said micromachine WV is provided;
The micromachine current sampling circuit, the electric current of the said micromachine that is used to sample generates sampled voltage;
Switch, said switch one end connects said input power supply, and the other end connects said micromachine, is used to control the duty of said micromachine;
Comparator circuit; One input end receives said sampled voltage, and another input end receives reference voltage, said reference voltage and said input power supply relation in direct ratio; The comparison output terminal output switching signal of said comparer is used to control the conducting and the shutoff of said driving switch.
Preferably, further comprise,
Reference voltage generating circuit, said reference voltage generating circuit are used to receive said input power supply, produce said reference voltage according to the variation of said input power supply.
Preferably, said current sampling circuit comprises sampling resistor, and said sampling resistor is connected with said micromachine, and said sampling resistor voltage generates sampled voltage;
Said reference voltage generating circuit comprises bleeder circuit; Said bleeder circuit further comprises first resistance and second resistance; Said first resistance and the series connection of second resistance; The said first resistance other end is connected with said input power supply, the said second resistance other end ground connection, and extracting the said second resistance voltage is branch pressure voltage.
Preferably, said reference voltage generating circuit further comprises voltage-current converter circuit and biasing resistor,
Said voltage-current converter circuit is used for converting said branch pressure voltage to reference current;
The said biasing resistor said reference current that is used to sample generates said reference voltage.
Preferably, said voltage-current converter circuit further comprises: operational amplifier, first FET, second FET, the 12 FET, locked rotor current are provided with resistance and the 7th FET,
Said operational amplifier one input end receives said branch pressure voltage; Another input end connects first reference voltage; Output terminal connects the grid of said the 12 FET, and the source electrode of said the 12 FET is provided with resistance with said locked rotor current and connects, and it is first reference voltage that said locked rotor current is provided with the resistance voltage; Said locked rotor current is provided with resistance other end ground connection; The drain electrode of said the 12 FET is connected with said first FET drain electrode, and said first fet gate links to each other with drain electrode, and said first fet gate links to each other with said second fet gate; The source electrode of said first FET links to each other with the source electrode of said second FET; The drain electrode of said second FET links to each other with the drain electrode of said the 7th FET, and the grid of said the 7th FET is connected the source ground of said the 7th FET with drain electrode.
Preferably, said comparator circuit further comprises the 3rd FET, the 4th FET, the 5th FET, the 6th FET, the 8th FET, the 9th FET and phase inverter,
The grid of said the 3rd FET is connected with the grid of said the 4th FET; The grid of said the 3rd FET is connected with the drain electrode of said the 3rd FET; The grid of said the 5th FET is connected with the grid of said the 6th FET; The grid of said the 5th FET is connected with the drain electrode of said the 5th FET; The drain electrode of said the 3rd FET is connected with the source electrode of said the 5th FET; The drain electrode of said the 4th FET is connected with the drain electrode of said the 6th FET, and the grid of said the 8th FET links to each other with the grid of said the 9th FET, the source ground of said the 8th FET source electrode and said the 9th FET; The drain electrode of said the 5th FET links to each other with the drain electrode of said the 8th FET; The drain electrode of said the 6th FET links to each other with the drain electrode of said the 9th FET, and the source electrode of said the 3rd FET receives said reference voltage as an input end of said comparator circuit, and the source electrode of said the 4th FET receives said sampled voltage as another input end of said comparer; The drain electrode output signal of said the 6th FET is imported said phase inverter, the conducting and the shutoff of the said switch of output signal controlling of said phase inverter.
Can find out that from above technical scheme the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) through setting reference voltage, can accurately detect the locked rotor current point under the different input supply voltages, improve the reliability of micromachine work, avoid burning out micromachine with the input power source change.
(2) through adopting voltage-current converter circuit, reduce the value of reference voltage, can reduce system power dissipation.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A is a prior art micromachine stall point current detection circuit schematic diagram;
Figure 1B is a prior art micromachine stall point current detection circuit work equivalent circuit diagram;
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of the embodiment of the invention one micromachine stall point current detection circuit;
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram of the embodiment of the invention two micromachine stall point current detection circuits;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the application examples one of the embodiment of the invention two micromachine stall point current detection circuits;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the application examples two of the embodiment of the invention two micromachine stall point current detection circuits.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of micromachine stall point current detection circuit, is used for the correct stall point electric current that detects when micromachine working power value changes, and avoids micromachine because of the stall overcurrent, burns out micromachine.
With reference to figure 2, be depicted as the theory diagram of the micromachine stall point current detection circuit of the embodiment of the invention one, comprising:
Input power supply 31, input power source voltage value changes, and is used to micromachine 30 WV V is provided CC
Micromachine current sampling circuit 34, the electric current of the micromachine 30 that is used to sample generates sampled voltage V S
Switch 32, switch 32 1 ends connect input power supply 31, and the other end connects micromachine 30, are used to control the duty of micromachine 30;
Comparator circuit 33, one input ends receive sampled voltage V S, another input end receives reference voltage V th, reference voltage V th and input supply voltage V CCRelation in direct ratio, the comparison output terminal output switching signal SW of comparator circuit 33 is used for the conducting and the shutoff of controlling and driving switch 32.
Under the normal operating conditions, the sampled voltage VS that characterizes the current signal that flows through micromachine 30 is less than Vth, and comparator circuit is exported the conducting of signal SW CS, micromachine operate as normal; When detect characterize the current signal flow through micromachine 30 sampled voltage VS more than or equal to V ThThe time, expression micromachine 30 is the stall overcurrent, and comparator circuit output signal SW CS turn-offs, and micromachine 30 quits work, thus the protection micromachine is not burnt out by excessive locked rotor current.
Further, in order to guarantee reference voltage V ThWith input supply voltage V CCRelation in direct ratio, reference voltage V ThAlong with input power supply V CCVariation and change, with reference to figure 3, the embodiment of the invention two micromachine stall point current detection circuits also comprise reference voltage generating circuit 35, reference voltage generating circuit 35 is used to receive input supply voltage V CC, according to input supply voltage V CCVariation produce said reference voltage V Th
Reference voltage generating circuit 35 concrete realizations can be adopted as shown in Figure 4 by first resistance R 1 and second resistance R 2The bleeder circuit that is composed in series, first resistance R 1The other end is connected said second resistance R with the input power supply 2Other end ground connection is extracted said second resistance R 2Voltage is a branch pressure voltage, and branch pressure voltage is as reference voltage V ThInput comparator C1.The comparison reference voltage V of comparer ThNo longer be changeless, but with voltage V CCChange V Th=b*VCC, wherein b=R 2/ (R 1+ R 2);
I s_th＝V th/R s＝b*V CC/R s；
I s_th/I s_short＝(R w+R m+R s)*b/R s；
Can find out from following formula, during the circuit operate as normal, switch S 1 conducting internal resistance R wBe fixed value, motor operate as normal internal resistance R mAlso be fixed value, Rs and b also are fixed values, so I S_th/ I S_shortAlso be a fixed constant, not with voltage V CcChange and change, thereby can accurately judge locked rotor current.
Fig. 4 directly adopts branch pressure voltage as reference voltage V Th, V ThValue bigger, can make the power consumption of micromachine current sampling circuit 34 and reference voltage generating circuit 35 bigger.
In order further to reduce the power consumption of reference voltage generating circuit 35 and current sampling circuit 34; Reduce the circuit overall power; Improve power supply serviceable life, reference voltage generating circuit 35 further comprises voltage-current converter circuit and biasing resistor, and voltage-current converter circuit is used for converting said branch pressure voltage to reference current; The biasing resistor said reference current that is used to sample generates reference voltage.
With reference to figure 5, be depicted as the schematic diagram of embodiment circuit, the voltage-current converter circuit of reference voltage generating circuit 35 further comprises operational amplifier Q 0, the first FET Q 1, the second FET Q 2, the 12 FET Q 12, locked rotor current is provided with resistance R ExtWith the 7th FET Q 7, operational amplifier Q 0One input end receives branch pressure voltage V DET, another input end connects first reference voltage V TH1, output terminal connects the 12 FET Q 12Grid, the 12 FET Q 12Source electrode and locked rotor current resistance R is set ExtSeries connection, locked rotor current is provided with resistance R ExtOther end ground connection, locked rotor current is provided with resistance R ExtVoltage is first reference voltage V TH1, the 12 FET Q 12The drain electrode and the first FET Q 1Drain electrode connects, the first FET Q 1Grid links to each other the first FET Q with drain electrode 1The grid and the second FET Q 2Grid links to each other, the first FET Q 1The source electrode and the second FET Q 2Source electrode link to each other the second FET Q 2Drain electrode and the 7th FET Q 7Drain electrode link to each other the 7th FET Q 7Grid with the drain electrode be connected the 7th FET Q 7Source ground.
Comparator circuit 33 further comprises the 3rd FET Q 3, the 4th FET Q 4, the 5th FET Q 5, the 6th FET Q 6, the 8th FET Q 8, the 9th FET Q 9With phase inverter Q 11, the 3rd FET Q 3With the 4th FET Q 4For the PMOS pipe, form current mirror; The 5th FET Q 5With the 6th FET Q 6For the PMOS pipe, form current mirror; The 8th FET Q 8With the 9th FET Q 9For measure-alike PMOS pipe, with the 7th FET Q 7The common current mirror of forming.
The 3rd FET Q 3Grid and the 4th FET Q 4Grid connect the 3rd FET Q 3Grid and the 3rd FET Q 3Drain electrode connect the 5th FET Q 5Grid and the 6th FET Q 6Grid connect the 5th FET Q 5Grid and the 5th FET Q 5Drain electrode connect the drain electrode Q of the 3rd FET 3With the 5th FET Q 5Source electrode connect the 4th FET Q 4Drain electrode and the 6th FET Q 6Drain electrode connect the 8th FET Q 8Grid and the grid of the 9th FET link to each other the 8th FET Q 8Source electrode and the 9th FET Q 9Source ground, the 5th FET Q 5Drain electrode and the 8th FET Q 8Drain electrode link to each other the 6th FET Q 6Drain electrode and the 9th FET Q 9Drain electrode link to each other the 3rd FET Q 3Source electrode receive reference voltage V as an input end of comparator circuit 33 Th, the 4th FET Q 4Source electrode receive sampled voltage V as another input end of comparator circuit 33 S, the 6th FET Q 6Drain electrode output signal input inverter Q 11, phase inverter Q 11The conducting and the shutoff of output signal SW CS.
It is following to analyze circuit working process shown in Figure 5:
For operational amplifier Q 0, V TH1=V DET=V CC* R 1/ (R 1+ R 2), make a=R 1/ (R 1+ R 2), V is arranged TH1=a*V CC
By Q 0, Q 12, Q 1, R ExtIn the current-to-voltage converting circuit of forming, electric current I Ref=V TH1/ R Ext=a*V CC/ R Ext
Q 1, Q 2For measure-alike PMOS pipe, form current mirror, Q is arranged 1, Q 2Electric current equate Q 2, Q 7Electric current also be I RefQ 8, Q 9With Q 7Be the NMOS pipe that size equates, Q therefore flows through 8, Q 9Electric current also be I Ref
Q 3, Q 4, Q 5, Q 6, Q 8, Q 9Form comparer, wherein V Th, V SBe the input terminal voltage of comparer, V G1Be comparator output terminal output signal, Q 11For Schmidt's input inverter, to V G1Carry out wave shaping, R aBe biasing resistor, the electric current I ref after the electric current and voltage conversion is sampled, generate reference voltage V Th, R sBe output measuring resistance, R aElectric current be I Ref, R sElectric current be I Ref+ I s, under the duty, Is＞＞I_ref, the electric current of therefore getting Rs is Is.
For comparator circuit, at V Th=V SThe time, SW is for keeping state; V Th＞V SThe time, V G1Be height, SW is low, driving switch pipe Q 10Open output noble potential drive motor motion micromachine operate as normal; V Th＜V SThe time, V G1For low SW is high, driving switch pipe Q 10Turn-off, micromachine quits work; When work, V Th=V CC-I Ref* R aV S=V CC-Is*Rs; Therefore, as long as electric current satisfies Vth=VS and just can measure the locked rotor current point when stall is set.
Vth=VS promptly has Is*Rs=Iref*Ra; Is=(Ra/Rs) * I_ref,
Iref＝a*VCC/R_ext；
Is＝a*Vcc/R_ext*(Ra/Rs)＝(R1/(R1+R2))*(Ra/Rs)/Rext*VCC；
Make k=(R1/ (R1+R2)) * (Ra/Rs)/Rext, because R1, R2, Ra, Rs, Rext are fixed value, so k is a constant;
Is=k*VCC finds out in the following formula, and electric current is set the stall point and VCC is directly proportional, and makes stall that electric current is set and actual locked rotor current is linear, and realizes precision target control.
Be provided with down at such circuit, the electric current of Iref can be arranged to less than 1mA, Rs＜50m Ω; Common Is＜1A, actual power consumption on Rs is less than 50mW, as adopting Figure 1A framework external, discrete device institute designed circuit; Common Rs=0.5 Ω, power consumption is reduced to 500mW, adopts the implementation method of Fig. 5 can reduce power consumption more than 10 times; For battery power supply system, saved battery consumption, prolong battery service time.
Can accurately measure the locked rotor current under the different input voltages through the foregoing description; Micromachine control system to powered battery or supply voltage variation; Can come to judge exactly the stall point according to size of current; Guarantee that stall point detects the influence that not changed by input voltage, improves circuit reliability.
More than a kind of micromachine stall point current detection circuit provided by the present invention has been carried out detailed introduction; For one of ordinary skill in the art; Thought according to the embodiment of the invention; The part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a micromachine stall point current detection circuit comprises micromachine, it is characterized in that, further comprises:
The input power supply, said input power source voltage value changes, and is used to said micromachine WV is provided;
The micromachine current sampling circuit, the electric current of the said micromachine that is used to sample generates sampled voltage;
Switch, said switch one end connects said input power supply, and the other end connects said micromachine, is used to control the duty of said micromachine;
Comparator circuit; One input end receives said sampled voltage, and another input end receives reference voltage, said reference voltage and said input power supply relation in direct ratio; The comparison output terminal output switching signal of said comparer is used to control the conducting and the shutoff of said driving switch.
2. micromachine stall point current detection circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises,
Reference voltage generating circuit, said reference voltage generating circuit are used to receive said input power supply, produce said reference voltage according to the variation of said input power supply.
3. micromachine stall overcurrent protection point testing circuit according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Said current sampling circuit comprises sampling resistor, and said sampling resistor is connected with said micromachine, and said sampling resistor voltage generates sampled voltage;
Said reference voltage generating circuit comprises bleeder circuit; Said bleeder circuit further comprises first resistance and second resistance; Said first resistance and the series connection of second resistance; The said first resistance other end is connected with said input power supply, the said second resistance other end ground connection, and extracting the said second resistance voltage is branch pressure voltage.
4. micromachine stall point current detection circuit according to claim 3 is characterized in that said reference voltage generating circuit further comprises voltage-current converter circuit and biasing resistor,
Said voltage-current converter circuit is used for converting said branch pressure voltage to reference current;
The said biasing resistor said reference current that is used to sample generates said reference voltage.
5. micromachine stall point current detection circuit according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said voltage-current converter circuit further comprises: operational amplifier, first FET, second FET, the 12 FET, locked rotor current are provided with resistance and the 7th FET
Said operational amplifier one input end receives said branch pressure voltage; Another input end connects first reference voltage; Output terminal connects the grid of said the 12 FET, and the source electrode of said the 12 FET is provided with resistance with said locked rotor current and connects, and it is first reference voltage that said locked rotor current is provided with the resistance voltage; Said locked rotor current is provided with resistance other end ground connection; The drain electrode of said the 12 FET is connected with said first FET drain electrode, and said first fet gate links to each other with drain electrode, and said first fet gate links to each other with said second fet gate; The source electrode of said first FET links to each other with the source electrode of said second FET; The drain electrode of said second FET links to each other with the drain electrode of said the 7th FET, and the grid of said the 7th FET is connected the source ground of said the 7th FET with drain electrode.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 described micromachine stall point current detection circuits; It is characterized in that; Said comparator circuit further comprises the 3rd FET, the 4th FET, the 5th FET, the 6th FET, the 8th FET, the 9th FET and phase inverter
The grid of said the 3rd FET is connected with the grid of said the 4th FET; The grid of said the 3rd FET is connected with the drain electrode of said the 3rd FET; The grid of said the 5th FET is connected with the grid of said the 6th FET; The grid of said the 5th FET is connected with the drain electrode of said the 5th FET; The drain electrode of said the 3rd FET is connected with the source electrode of said the 5th FET; The drain electrode of said the 4th FET is connected with the drain electrode of said the 6th FET, and the grid of said the 8th FET links to each other with the grid of said the 9th FET, the source ground of said the 8th FET source electrode and said the 9th FET; The drain electrode of said the 5th FET links to each other with the drain electrode of said the 8th FET; The drain electrode of said the 6th FET links to each other with the drain electrode of said the 9th FET, and the source electrode of said the 3rd FET receives said reference voltage as an input end of said comparator circuit, and the source electrode of said the 4th FET receives said sampled voltage as another input end of said comparer; The drain electrode output signal of said the 6th FET is imported said phase inverter, the conducting and the shutoff of the said switch of output signal controlling of said phase inverter.
CN201110271688A 2011-09-14 2011-09-14 Circuit for detecting locked point current of micro motor Pending CN102323551A (en)

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CN104237602A (en) * 2013-06-12 2014-12-24 英飞凌科技奥地利有限公司 Current measurement and overcurrent detection
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CN105607000A (en) * 2015-12-17 2016-05-25 上海电器科学研究院 Method for measuring locked-rotor current of three-phase asynchronous motor under no-load condition
US10379553B2 (en) 2017-04-11 2019-08-13 HKC Corporation Limited Overcurrent protection circuit, display panel, and display device
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CN107918100A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-04-17 苏州惠琪特电子科技有限公司 A kind of small and special electric machine
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CN109088568A (en) * 2018-10-11 2018-12-25 苏州萨得尔电动工具有限公司 The stepless speed regulation circuit of power spraye
CN109856537A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-06-07 神驰机电股份有限公司 A kind of the stall detection method and system of the BLDC control circuit of list comparator
CN109709484A (en) * 2019-01-26 2019-05-03 西安慧晶智能科技有限公司 A kind of brush direct current motor rotation-blocking up detection device and method
CN109981083A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-07-05 上海林果实业股份有限公司 Waveform shaping circuit and electronic equipment
CN109917288A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-06-21 常州市康迪克至精电机有限公司 A kind of detection method of motor rotation blockage
CN110119117A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-13 河北爱其科技有限公司 Motor circuit and unmanned plane including motor circuit
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CN111965411B (en) * 2020-07-20 2022-06-07 四川虹美智能科技有限公司 Refrigerator locked-rotor protector verification device, method and system
CN114705904A (en) * 2022-04-12 2022-07-05 苏州贝克微电子股份有限公司 High-precision overcurrent detection circuit

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Application publication date: 20120118