CN102323338B - Acoustic emission based detection method for damage position of fastener - Google Patents

Acoustic emission based detection method for damage position of fastener Download PDF

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CN102323338B
CN102323338B CN 201110238757 CN201110238757A CN102323338B CN 102323338 B CN102323338 B CN 102323338B CN 201110238757 CN201110238757 CN 201110238757 CN 201110238757 A CN201110238757 A CN 201110238757A CN 102323338 B CN102323338 B CN 102323338B
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sensors
damage
acoustic emission
securing member
sensor
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CN102323338A (en
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魏鹏
李宁
梅盛开
孙志平
刘奇
李成贵
涂万里
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AVIAT ACADEMY OF PLA
Beihang University
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AVIAT ACADEMY OF PLA
Beihang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an acoustic emission based detection method for a damage position of a fastener, which can realize damage detection in a damageable region on the fastener. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, mounting an acoustic emission sensor; 2, setting positioning related parameters in acquisition software; 3, calibrating the propagation velocity of an acoustic emission signal on the fastener; 4, making a sensor positioning compensation curve: sending out an acoustic emission source analog signals at equal interval positions, extracting times of the signals received by two sensors at each position, recording time difference, solving the difference value of the time difference and theoretical time difference and drawing the positioning compensation curve; and 5, determining the damage position: determining the position of the damage by using the positioning compensation curve in the step 4 according to the time parameters of damage signals received by the two sensors. The method has the advantages of detecting the damage signal of the fastener and timely discovering structural change of the fastener, and has great significance to the safe operation of equipment.

Description

A kind of detection method of the damage position of fastener based on acoustic emission
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection field of the securing member in the fields such as vehicle, boats and ships, engine, particularly a kind of detection method of the damage position of fastener based on acoustic emission.
Background technology
Securing member adopts the high-quality stainless steel material more, adopts different modeling structures and manufacturing process to satisfy the fastening demand of connection under the different situations.Be mainly used in the fastening and sealing of the connection of interface of the various plant equipment such as vehicle, boats and ships, diesel engine, gasoline engine, lathe, fire-fighting, chemical plant.In the equipment course of work, the working environment of securing member, magnitude of load all can affect the structural safety situation of securing member, in case structural damage with cause damage of equipment, even security incident occurs.Therefore, securing member is carried out the detection of damage signal, find early its structural change, significant to the safe operation of equipment.At present, damage position of fastener is not carried out the ways and means of Real-Time Monitoring temporarily.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is: for the ways and means that this part of securing member is not carried out at present damage check, the present invention proposes a kind of scheme, can realize the damage check in the rapid wear zone on the securing member.
The detection method of the present invention proposes a kind of damage position of fastener based on acoustic emission, realize as follows:
Step 1, installation calibrate AE sensor: two identical piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensors of model are installed on the securing member outside surface, record the coordinate position of two sensors on securing member;
Step 2, the location correlation parameter in the acquisition software is set: will damage half securing member comparatively concentrating and be approximated to the bullion flat board, and with the coordinate position Input Software of two sensors on this strip metal plate;
The velocity of propagation of acoustic emission signal on step 3, the demarcation securing member: send signal with the simulated sound transmiting signal source in known location, with the line localization method in the time-of-arrival loaction, determine the speed v of sonic transmissions;
Step 4, do the sensor localization compensated curve: transmit with the simulated sound transmiting signal source in position uniformly-spaced, extract the time of two received signals of sensor on each position, and writing time is poor, does difference with the theoretical mistiming, draws the positioning compensation curve;
Step 5, determine damage position: the time parameter of the damage signal that receives according to two sensors, utilize above-mentioned positioning compensation curve, determine the damage position.
The invention has the advantages that and realized securing member is carried out damage check, find early its structural change, significant to the safe operation of equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method;
Arrangement schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is practical application of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is to the approximate construction schematic diagram of half endless belt of annular fastener among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sensor localization compensated curve.
Wherein, 1 is the piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensor, comprises No. 1 sensor, No. 2 sensors; 2 is securing member; 3 is fastened object; 4 is prime amplifier; 5 is the acoustic emission detection signal processing system.
Embodiment
Be elaborated below in conjunction with the method for the drawings and specific embodiments to judgement damage position of fastener provided by the invention.
The method of judgement damage position of fastener provided by the invention, flow process specifically realize as shown in Figure 1 as follows:
Step 1, installation calibrate AE sensor: securing member (2) is fastened on fastened object (3) outside surface, two identical piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensors 1 of model is installed on the outside surface of securing member 2, placement location as shown in Figure 2.And make two piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensors (1) be symmetrically distributed in the outside surface of securing member (2).3 is fastened object.Record the coordinate position of two sensors on securing member, the initial point of X coordinate axis reaches axially as shown in Figure 3: wherein, take at the center of a piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensor as the initial point of X coordinate axis, and the direction of X coordinate axis is chosen to be points to another piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensor, sensor receives the acoustic emission signal on the securing member, sends acoustic emission detection signal processing system 5 to through prime amplifier 4;
Step 2, the location correlation parameter in the acquisition software is set: will damage half securing member comparatively concentrating and be approximated to the bullion flat board, and set its coordinate axis position such as accompanying drawing 3, with the coordinate position Input Software of two sensors on this strip metal plate; The approximate linear orientation of regarding as when damage position is judged.The X coordinate that is recorded in two sensors under this coordinate system is respectively x 1, x 2
Step 3, demarcate the velocity of propagation of acoustic emission signal on the securing member: the HB lead for retractable pencil that with diameter is 0.5mm is x at the X coordinate 0The place is disconnected plumbous, and simulated sound transmits.Record the time t that two sensors receive signal 1, t 2According to the principle of line location, the speed that can obtain sonic transmissions is:
v＝Δl/Δt
What wherein Δ l was two sensors to the distance of acoustic emission source is poor, and Δ t is the mistiming that two sensors receive signal.Δ l=| (x is arranged again 1-x 0)-(x 0-x 2) |, Δ t=|t 1-t 2|, can obtain the transmission speed v of acoustic emission signal, and the correlation parameter in the acquisition system is set thus;
Step 4, do the sensor localization compensated curve: uniformly-spaced the position is disconnected plumbous, the time of extracting two received signals of sensor on each position, and writing time is poor, does difference with the theoretical mistiming, drafting positioning compensation curve;
Step 5, determine damage position: the time parameter of the damage signal that receives according to two sensors, utilize above-mentioned positioning compensation curve, determine the damage position.
Embodiment
The below illustrates the method for judgement damage position of fastener provided by the invention to orientate example as with the damage of crackle securing member under the acid corrosion environment, and concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, installation calibrate AE sensor: two identical piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensors of model are installed on the outside surface of securing member 2, placement location as shown in Figure 2.3 is fastened object.Record the coordinate position of two sensors on securing member.Sensor receives the acoustic emission signal on the securing member, sends acoustic emission detection system 5 to through prime amplifier 4;
Step 2, the location correlation parameter in the acquisition software is set: will damage half securing member comparatively concentrating and be approximated to the bullion flat board, and set its coordinate axis position such as accompanying drawing 3, with the coordinate position Input Software of two sensors on this strip metal plate; The approximate linear orientation of regarding as when damage position is judged.The coordinate that is recorded in two sensors under this coordinate system is respectively (x 1, y), (x 2, y);
Step 3, demarcate the velocity of propagation of acoustic emission signal on the securing member: be that the HB lead for retractable pencil of 0.5mm is (x at coordinate with diameter 0, y) locate disconnected lead, simulated sound transmits.Record the time t that two sensors receive signal 1, t 2According to the principle of line location, the speed that can obtain sonic transmissions is:
v＝Δl/Δt
With Δ l=| (x 1-x 0)-(x 0-x 2) |, Δ t=|t 1-t 2| substitution can obtain the transmission speed v of acoustic emission signal, and input in the acoustic emission acquisition software.
Step 4, do the sensor localization compensated curve: be 20,40,60,80 at coordinate, 100 position is disconnected plumbous, extracts time t1, t2 and the △ t=(t1-t2) of two the received signals of sensor in above position, with theoretical value △ t ReasonDo difference, draw the positioning compensation curve, the time parameter that obtains, mistiming and compensated curve such as table 1 and Fig. 4:
Table 1 positioning compensation data logger
Figure GDA00002341317500041
Then but match is compensated curve equation: Y=-1 * 10 -07X+2 * 10 -05
Step 5, determine damage position: the time parameter of the damage signal that receives according to two sensors, utilize above-mentioned positioning compensation curve, determine the damage position.Crackle on the securing member issues out acoustic emission signal in the acid corrosion condition, receives the time parameter of signal according to two sensors, determines that damage position is as follows:
1) according to t1, t2, calculate △ t, and bring formula x=(l+v * △ t)/2 into, calculate the position coordinate value x of Primary Location Just
2) with x JustBring in the compensated curve formula that obtains in the step 4, calculate the time difference that compensate;
3) mistiming after will compensating is brought computing formula x=(l+v * △ t)/2 into, obtains damaging the coordinate figure of position.
t1 t2 t1-t2(△t) Primary Location The mistiming offset Mistiming after the compensation Damage position
19.20639 19.20638 0.00000480 82.1 -0.0000086 -0.00000379 64.92

Claims (2)

1. detection method based on the damage position of fastener of acoustic emission is characterized in that: realize as follows:
Step 1, installation calibrate AE sensor: two identical piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensors of model are installed on the securing member outside surface, record the coordinate position of two sensors on securing member;
Step 2, the location correlation parameter in the acquisition software is set: will damage half securing member comparatively concentrating and be approximated to the bullion flat board, and with the coordinate position Input Software of two sensors on this strip metal plate;
The velocity of propagation of acoustic emission signal on step 3, the demarcation securing member: send signal with the simulated sound transmiting signal source in known location, with the line localization method in the time-of-arrival loaction, determine the speed v of sonic transmissions;
Step 4, do the sensor localization compensated curve: transmit with the simulated sound emissive source in position uniformly-spaced, extract the time of two received signals of sensor on each position, and writing time is poor, does difference with the theoretical mistiming, draws the positioning compensation curve;
Step 5, determine damage position: the time parameter of the damage signal that receives according to two sensors, utilize above-mentioned positioning compensation curve, determine the damage position.
2. the detection method of a kind of damage position of fastener based on acoustic emission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: specifically realize as follows:
Step 1, calibrate AE sensor is installed: securing member (2) is fastened on fastened object (3) outside surface, two identical piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensors (1) of model are installed on the outside surface of securing member (2), and make two piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensors (1) be symmetrically distributed in the outside surface of securing member (2), record the coordinate position of two sensors on securing member, wherein, take at the center of a piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensor as the initial point of X coordinate axis, and the direction of X coordinate axis is chosen to be points to another piezoelectric ceramics calibrate AE sensor, two sensors receive the acoustic emission signal on the securing member, send acoustic emission detection system (5) to through prime amplifier (4);
Step 2, the location correlation parameter in the acquisition software is set: will damage half securing member comparatively concentrating and be approximated to the bullion flat board, with the coordinate position Input Software of two sensors on this strip metal plate; The approximate linear orientation of regarding as when damage position is judged; The X coordinate that is recorded in two sensors under this coordinate system is respectively x 1, x 2
Step 3, demarcate the velocity of propagation of acoustic emission signal on the securing member: the HB lead for retractable pencil that with diameter is 0.5mm is x at the X coordinate 0The place is disconnected plumbous, and simulated sound transmits; Record the time t that two sensors receive signal 1, t 2According to the principle of line location, the speed that can obtain sonic transmissions is:
v＝Δl/Δt
What wherein Δ l was two sensors to the distance of acoustic emission source is poor, and Δ t is the mistiming that two sensors receive signal; Δ l=| (x is arranged again 1-x 0)-(x 0-x 2) |, Δ t=|t 1-t 2|, can obtain the transmission speed v of acoustic emission signal, and the correlation parameter in the acquisition system is set thus;
Step 4, do the sensor localization compensated curve: uniformly-spaced the position is disconnected plumbous, the time of extracting two received signals of sensor on each position, and writing time is poor, does difference with the theoretical mistiming, drafting positioning compensation curve;
Step 5, determine damage position: the time parameter of the damage signal that receives according to two sensors, utilize above-mentioned positioning compensation curve, determine the damage position.
CN 201110238757 2011-08-19 2011-08-19 Acoustic emission based detection method for damage position of fastener Expired - Fee Related CN102323338B (en)

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