CN102322325B - Engine and device for reducing emission load of oxynitrides thereof - Google Patents
Engine and device for reducing emission load of oxynitrides thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102322325B CN102322325B CN2011102299743A CN201110229974A CN102322325B CN 102322325 B CN102322325 B CN 102322325B CN 2011102299743 A CN2011102299743 A CN 2011102299743A CN 201110229974 A CN201110229974 A CN 201110229974A CN 102322325 B CN102322325 B CN 102322325B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for reducing the emission load of oxynitrides of an engine, which comprises a detection device, an electronic control unit, a urea supplying unit, a urea spraying unit and a catalytic reduction reaction unit, wherein the detection device is used for detecting the temperature of an exhaust pipe of the engine and the concentration of the oxynitrides in the exhaust pipe to acquire a detection signal and transmitting the detection signal to the electronic control unit; the electronic control unit is connected with the urea supplying unit and the urea spraying unit and is matched with a control unit of the engine to control the spraying state of the urea spraying unit; a nozzle of the urea spraying unit is arranged on the exhaust pipe of the engine; and the catalytic reduction reaction unit is arranged in the exhaust pipe at the rear of the nozzle and comprises a first-stage oxynitride catalyzing device and a second-stage oxynitride catalyzing device which are sequentially arranged along the exhaust pipe. Through the device disclosed by the invention, higher oxynitride conversion efficiency under all the working conditions can be achieved while lower ammonia leakage is ensured. The invention also discloses the engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the motor exhaust processing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of device that reduces the discharge amount of motor oxynitrides.The invention still further relates to a kind of motor that comprises the discharge amount that reduces the motor oxynitrides.
Background technique
Along with the increasingly stringent of motor vehicle exhaust emission rules, the engine exhaust post-processing technology more and more receives people's concern.
In numerous exhaust aftertreatment methods, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology becomes one of key technology of motor oxynitride discharge control.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of device of the discharge amount that reduces the motor oxynitrides in the prior art.
In the prior art, SCR system take urea as reducing agent mainly comprises the feed unit 23 of electronic control unit 24, urea, injection unit 21 and catalytic reduction reaction unit 25 4 parts of urea, wherein, electronic control unit 24 integrates with the control unit (ECU) 22 of motor, and the communication that is mainly used in finishing between injection unit 21, catalytic reduction reaction unit 25 and the motor 11 of the feed unit 23 of urea and urea connects and control; The feed unit 23 of urea mainly comprises urea box and urea pump, the injection unit 21 of urea mainly comprises urea nozzle and heating module, be used for spraying urea liquid being mapped to exhaust airstream according to demand, to guarantee abundant atomizing and the decomposition of urea liquid at regular time and quantity; Catalytic reduction reaction unit 25 comprises SCR catalyst converter etc., be used for providing catalytic condition, be nitrogen with the main harmful components reduction of nitrogen oxide in the engine exhaust, the SCR catalyst converter is the core component of this system, and the quality of its performance directly has influence on transformation efficiency, conversion volume, conversion cost and the reliability of whole after-treatment system.
Wherein, the SCR System Working Principle is: the exhaust of motor 11 flows into the outlet pipe 116 after its cylinder 114 flows out, simultaneously, the urea-spray device 21 that is installed on the outlet pipe 116 sprayed into quantitative aqueous solution of urea in the outlet pipe 116 with vaporific form in the appropriate moment, urea droplets issues unboiled water solution and pyrolytic reaction generation reducing agent ammonia in the high-temp waste gas effect, ammonia mixes with the tail gas of motor, and the oxynitrides in certain temperature and the lower tail gas of catalytic condition is reduced to nitrogen (N
2), also generate simultaneously water (H
2O), the effect of catalysis mainly is the activation energy that reduces the oxynitrides reduction reaction, and its reaction temperature is reduced between 200～550 ℃.
The working efficiency of SCR system depends on the temperature of gas, if in 200 ℃ to 550 ℃ temperature range, work, it can be converted into 85% oxynitrides nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O), in the situation that gas temperature is when being lower than 200 ℃ and engine cold-start, the oxynitrides conversion ratio of SCR catalyst converter is very low even not to work, and conversion ratio must be more than 50% for the Europe IV standard, for Europe V standard, conversion ratio just must be more than 70% under the test operating mode, and for Europe VI standard, conversion ratio just must be more than 90%, therefore, in order to improve conversion ratio, need to spray more diuresis element, and can cause like this and cause secondary pollution by ammonia leakage.
In sum, mainly there is following problem in existing SCR system: the one, and the oxynitrides conversion ratio under cold start-up operating mode and worst cold case is very low, can't all obtain sufficiently high oxynitrides conversion efficiency under all operating modes; The 2nd, maximum oxynitrides conversion ratio is subject to the restriction that acceptable ammonia (NH3) leaks, thereby adopt existing SCR system to leak and become very difficult to reach simultaneously higher oxynitrides conversion ratio and lower ammonia, instantaneous exceed standard or ammonia leaks and exceeds standard of particularly in the transient test circulation, easily causing discharging.
Therefore, how to guarantee to obtain oxynitrides conversion efficiency higher under all operating modes on the basis of leakage of lower ammonia, just become the present technical issues that need to address of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of device that reduces the discharge amount of motor oxynitrides, this device can in the leakage that guarantees lower ammonia, obtain oxynitrides conversion efficiency higher under all operating modes.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of motor of device of the discharge amount that comprises above-mentioned reduction motor oxynitrides.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of device that reduces the discharge amount of motor oxynitrides, comprise detection device, electronic control unit, the urea supply unit, urea-spray unit and catalytic reduction reaction unit, described detection device detects the concentration of oxynitrides in the temperature of described waste pipe and the described outlet pipe, obtain testing signal, its output terminal is connected with described electronic control unit, described testing signal is transferred to described electronic control unit, described electronic control unit and described urea supply unit be connected the urea-spray unit and be connected, and cooperate the spray regime of the described urea-spray of control unit with the control unit of described motor, described urea supply unit is connected with described urea-spray unit, the arrangement of nozzles of described urea-spray unit is on described waste pipe, described catalytic reduction reaction unit is arranged in the described outlet pipe at described nozzle rear, and described catalytic reduction reaction unit comprises first order oxynitrides catalyst converter and the second level oxynitrides catalyst converter that sets gradually along described outlet pipe.
Preferably, described first order oxynitrides catalyst converter next-door neighbour turbosupercharger, and volume is less than the volume of described second level oxynitrides catalyst converter.
Preferably, described detection device comprises exhaust gas temperature sensor and nitrogen oxide sensor
Preferably, described urea supply unit comprises urea box and urea pump, and the entrance of described urea pump is connected with described urea box by pipeline, and its outlet is connected with described urea-spray unit by pipeline.
Preferably, described urea supply unit also comprises heating module, and described heating module is connected with described urea box.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention also provides a kind of motor, comprise the device of the discharge amount of body and reduction motor oxynitrides, the device of the discharge amount of described reduction motor oxynitrides is the device of the discharge amount of above-mentioned each described reduction motor oxynitrides.
Preferably, also comprise turbosupercharger, the booster turbine of described turbosupercharger is arranged in the described outlet pipe, and between the nozzle of described engine body and described urea-spray unit.
Preferably, described turbosupercharger comprises described booster turbine and gas compressor, and described booster turbine drives described gas compressor by its turbine shaft, and the entrance of described gas compressor communicates with atmosphere, and its outlet is communicated with the suction tude of described motor.
Preferably, also comprise particulate filter, described particulate filter is arranged in the outlet pipe at rear, described catalytic reduction reaction unit.
The device of the discharge amount of reduction motor oxynitrides provided by the present invention, comprise detection device, electronic control unit, the urea supply unit, urea-spray unit and catalytic reduction reaction unit, wherein, the concentration of oxynitrides in the temperature of detection device detection waste pipe and the outlet pipe, obtain testing signal, its output terminal is connected with electronic control unit, testing signal is transferred to electronic control unit, electronic control unit is connected with the urea-spray unit with the urea supply unit, and cooperatively interact with the control unit of motor, control urea-spray unit sprays the urea of appropriate amount at reasonable time, the urea supply unit is connected with the urea-spray unit, become the urea source of urea-spray unit, the arrangement of nozzles of urea-spray unit is on waste pipe, thereby with the urea-spray in the urea supply unit to waste pipe, make urea under high temperature condition, produce the reducing agent ammonia, the catalytic reduction reaction unit is arranged in the outlet pipe at nozzle rear, to reduce the needed reaction temperature of catalytic reduction reaction of oxynitrides and ammonia, the catalytic reduction reaction unit specifically comprises first order oxynitrides catalyst converter and the second level oxynitrides catalyst converter that sets gradually along outlet pipe.In the working procedure, detection device constantly detects the temperature of the engine exhaust in the outlet pipe and the concentration of oxynitrides, testing signal is transferred to electronic control unit, electronic control unit is according to temperature signal, the working state signal of the motor that the control unit of concentration signal and motor provides, control urea-spray unit is injected into the aqueous solution of urea in the urea supply unit in the outlet pipe with vaporific form, temperature in the outlet pipe is higher, so that hydrolysis and pyrolytic reaction occur in urea, generate ammonia, ammonia is mixed in the first order oxynitrides catalyst converter of catalytic reduction reaction unit with the tail gas that includes oxynitrides, the activation energy of the Catalysts for Reducing oxynitrides reduction reaction in the first order oxynitrides catalyst converter, improve reaction efficiency, the nitrogen that generates in first order oxynitrides catalyst converter and the oxynitrides that has neither part nor lot in reaction and ammonia enter second level oxynitrides catalyst converter, carry out further catalytic reduction reaction.Can find out, the device of the discharge amount of reduction motor oxynitrides provided by the present invention, owing to having adopted the two-stage catalyst converter, on the basis that obtains identical catalytic effect, the volume of the catalyst converter of the volume of the volume of first order oxynitrides catalyst converter and second level oxynitrides catalyst converter when the one-level catalyst converter only is set is compared all less, thereby when turning round when engine cold-start or under worst cold case, the temperature of first order oxynitrides catalyst converter can raise quickly, guarantee the needed temperature of oxynitrides and ammonia gas react, thereby can obtain higher conversion ratio; When motor turns round in other cases, mixed gas at first passes through first order oxynitrides catalyst converter, carry out catalytic reduction reaction, enter second level oxynitrides catalyst converter through the oxynitrides of reaction and ammonia and the nitrogen that in first order oxynitrides catalyst converter, generates.Simultaneously, first order oxynitrides catalyst converter also can discharge the ammonia of wherein storing, increase the ammonia amount that enters second level oxynitrides catalyst converter, carry out further catalytic reduction reaction, improve the transformation efficiency of oxynitrides, avoided causing owing to the more urea of injection the generation of the situation of ammonia leakage.
The beneficial effect of motor provided by the present invention is similar with the beneficial effect of the device of the discharge amount that reduces the motor oxynitrides, does not repeat them here.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of device of the discharge amount that reduces the motor oxynitrides in the prior art;
The motor that Fig. 2 provides for a kind of embodiment of the present invention and reduce the structural representation of device of the discharge amount of motor oxynitrides.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention provides a kind of device that reduces the discharge amount of motor oxynitrides, and this device can obtain oxynitrides conversion efficiency higher under all operating modes in the leakage that guarantees lower ammonia.Another core of the present invention provides a kind of motor of device of the discharge amount that comprises above-mentioned reduction motor oxynitrides.
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand better the present invention program, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Please refer to Fig. 2, the motor that Fig. 2 provides for a kind of embodiment of the present invention and reduce the structural representation of device of the discharge amount of motor oxynitrides.
As shown in Figure 2, in a kind of embodiment, the device of the discharge amount of reduction motor oxynitrides provided by the present invention, comprise the detection device (not shown), electronic control unit 24, urea supply unit 23, urea-spray unit 21 and catalytic reduction reaction unit 25, wherein, the concentration of oxynitrides in the temperature of the outlet pipe 116 of detection device detection motor 11 and the outlet pipe 116, obtain testing signal, its output terminal is connected with electronic control unit 24, testing signal is transferred to electronic control unit 24, electronic control unit 24 is connected with the urea-spray unit with urea supply unit 23 and is connected, and cooperatively interact with the control unit 22 of motor 11, control urea-spray unit 21 is at the urea of reasonable time to outlet pipe 116 interior injection appropriate amounts, urea supply unit 23 is connected with urea-spray unit 21, become the urea source of urea-spray unit 21, the arrangement of nozzles of urea-spray unit 21 is on the outlet pipe 116 of motor 11, thereby with the urea-spray in the urea supply unit 21 to the outlet pipe 116 of motor 11, make urea under high temperature condition, produce the reducing agent ammonia, catalytic reduction reaction unit 25 is arranged in the outlet pipe 116 at nozzle rear, to reduce the needed reaction temperature of catalytic reduction reaction of oxynitrides and ammonia, catalytic reduction reaction unit 25 specifically comprises first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251 and the second level oxynitrides catalyst converter 252 that sets gradually along outlet pipe 116.
Particularly, the output terminal of detection device as herein described is connected with electronic control unit 24, electronic control unit 24 is connected with urea supply unit 23 and electronic control unit 24 to be connected with urea-spray unit 21 all both can be wired connection (namely by electric wiring connect), also can be wireless connections, as long as can guarantee the transmission of testing signal or control signal; The control unit 22 of electronic control unit 24 and motor cooperatively interacts and refers to, electronic control unit 24 obtains the signals such as period of exhaust of each cylinder 114 of the working of motor and motor from the control unit 22 of motor, so that electronic control unit 24 can be judged better, and then send control command.
For the temperature in the convenient detection outlet pipe 116 and the concentration of oxynitrides, detection device specifically can comprise exhaust gas temperature sensor and nitrogen oxide sensor, wherein exhaust gas temperature sensor detects the temperature in the outlet pipe 116, nitrogen oxide sensor detects the concentration of the oxynitrides in the motor exhaust, for the control of electronic control unit 24 provides basic foundation, certainly, also be preset with control strategy in the electronic control unit 24, can send more accurately control command according to resulting testing signal.
In a kind of embodiment, urea supply unit 23 can comprise urea box and urea pump, and the entrance of urea pump is connected with urea box by pipeline, and its outlet is connected with the urea-spray unit by pipeline; Thereby urea pump can be delivered to the urea pump in the urea box in the pipeline with urea-spray unit 21, and keep certain pressure, when the nozzle of electronic control unit 24 control urea-spray unit 21 is opened, urea can with speed faster through nozzle ejection to the outlet pipe 116 of motor 11.
Because urea is the meeting crystallization under the condition of low temperature, thereby affect the injection of urea-spray unit 21, therefore, the urea supply unit can also comprise heating module, heating module be arranged at urea box around, the urea with in the heating urea case as required makes it keep amorphous state.
In the working procedure, detection device (being specially exhaust gas temperature sensor and nitrogen oxide sensor) constantly detects the temperature of the engine exhaust in the outlet pipe 116 and the concentration of oxynitrides, testing signal is transferred to electronic control unit 24, electronic control unit 24 is according to temperature signal, the working state signal of the motor 11 that the control unit 22 of concentration signal and motor 11 provides, control urea-spray unit 21 is injected into the aqueous solution of urea in the urea supply unit 23 in the exhaust 116 with vaporific form, temperature in the outlet pipe 116 is higher, so that hydrolysis occurs in urea and pyrolytic reaction generates the reducing agent ammonia, ammonia is mixed in the first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251 of catalytic reduction reaction unit 25 with the tail gas that includes oxynitrides, the activation energy of the Catalysts for Reducing oxynitrides reduction reaction in the first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251, improve reaction efficiency, the nitrogen that generates in first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251 and the oxynitrides and the ammonia that have neither part nor lot in reaction enter second level oxynitrides catalyst converter 252, carry out further catalytic reduction reaction.
Can find out, the device of the discharge amount of reduction motor oxynitrides provided by the present invention, owing to having adopted the two-stage catalyst converter, on the basis that obtains identical catalytic effect, the volume of the catalyst converter of the volume of the volume of first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251 and second level oxynitrides catalyst converter 252 when the one-level catalyst converter only is set is compared all less, thereby when turning round when engine cold-start or under worst cold case, the temperature of first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251 can raise quickly, guarantee the needed temperature of oxynitrides and ammonia gas react, thereby can obtain higher conversion ratio; When motor turns round in other cases, mixed gas at first passes through first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251, under its catalysis, carry out catalytic reduction reaction, do not enter second level oxynitrides catalyst converter 252 through the oxynitrides of reaction and the nitrogen of ammonia and generation in first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251, first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251 also can discharge the ammonia of wherein storing, increase the ammonia amount that enters second level oxynitrides catalyst converter 252, carry out further catalytic reduction reaction, improved the transformation efficiency of oxynitrides, avoided causing owing to the more urea of injection the generation of the situation of ammonia leakage, certainly in low temperature and the cold start-up operating mode higher operating mode of other delivery temperature in addition, second level oxynitrides catalyst converter plays a major role.
Transformation efficiency when turning round when engine cold-start or under worst cold case in order to improve further, can make first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251 next-door neighbour's turbosupercharger, and its volume is less than the volume of second level oxynitrides catalyst converter 252, thereby the temperature of first order oxynitrides catalyst converter 251 can raise under the effect of motor exhaust quickly, reaches the required temperature of catalytic reduction reaction occurs.
Further, for addressing the above problem, the present invention also provides a kind of motor, comprises the device of the discharge amount of body 113 and reduction motor oxynitrides, and the device that reduces the discharge amount of motor oxynitrides is the device of the discharge amount of above-described reduction motor oxynitrides.
As shown in Figure 2, motor comprises body 113, be arranged at the cylinder 114 on the body 113, the intake manifold 112 and the gas exhaust manifold 115 that are communicated with the inner space of cylinder 114, intake manifold 112 all is communicated with suction tude 111, gas exhaust manifold 115 all is communicated with outlet pipe 116, realizes air inlet and the exhaust requirements of motor.
Further, in order to improve the air inflow of motor, motor provided by the present invention can also comprise turbosupercharger 31, and the booster turbine 311 of turbosupercharger 31 is arranged in the outlet pipe 116, and between engine body 113 and nozzle.
Because the tail gas of motor has very high energy when discharging, act on the booster turbine 311 of turbosupercharger 31, thereby can make turbosupercharger 31 work, for motor provides pressurized air.
Particularly, turbosupercharger 31 comprises booster turbine 311 and gas compressor 313, and booster turbine 311 drives gas compressor 313 by its turbine shaft 312, and the entrance of gas compressor 313 communicates with atmosphere, and its outlet is communicated with the suction tude 111 of motor.In the course of the work, booster turbine 311 turns round under the effect of motor exhaust, transfers the motion to gas compressor 313 by turbine shaft 312, and gas compressor 313 passes into the air in the atmosphere in the suction tude 111 of motor after overcompression.
Because air temperature after overcompression can rise, thereby affect the normal combustion of motor, therefore, in order to reduce compressed-air actuated temperature, can also between the suction tude 111 of the outlet of gas compressor 313 and motor 11, intercooler 12 be set.
Certainly, motor provided by the present invention can also comprise particulate filter 41, particulate filter 41 is arranged in the outlet pipe 116 at 25 rears, catalytic reduction reaction unit, thereby not only can reduce the discharge amount of the oxynitrides in the motor exhaust, and can reduce the discharge amount of particulate matter.
The device of above discharge amount to motor provided by the present invention and reduction motor oxynitrides thereof is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and mode of execution are set forth, above embodiment's explanation just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. device that reduces the discharge amount of motor oxynitrides, comprise detection device, electronic control unit, the urea supply unit, urea-spray unit and catalytic reduction reaction unit, described detection device detects the concentration of oxynitrides in the temperature of described waste pipe and the described outlet pipe, obtain testing signal, its output terminal is connected with described electronic control unit, described testing signal is transferred to described electronic control unit, described electronic control unit and described urea supply unit be connected the urea-spray unit and be connected, and cooperate the spray regime of the described urea-spray of control unit with the control unit of described motor, described urea supply unit is connected with described urea-spray unit, the arrangement of nozzles of described urea-spray unit is on described waste pipe, described catalytic reduction reaction unit is arranged in the described outlet pipe at described nozzle rear, it is characterized in that, described catalytic reduction reaction unit comprises first order oxynitrides catalyst converter and the second level oxynitrides catalyst converter that sets gradually along described outlet pipe.
2. the device of the discharge amount of reduction motor oxynitrides according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first order oxynitrides catalyst converter next-door neighbour turbosupercharger, and volume is less than the volume of described second level oxynitrides catalyst converter.
3. the device of the discharge amount of reduction motor oxynitrides according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described detection device comprises exhaust gas temperature sensor and nitrogen oxide sensor.
4. the device of the discharge amount of reduction motor oxynitrides according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described urea supply unit comprises urea box and urea pump, the entrance of described urea pump is connected with described urea box by pipeline, and its outlet is connected with described urea-spray unit by pipeline.
5. the device of the discharge amount of reduction motor oxynitrides according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described urea supply unit also comprises heating module, and described heating module is connected with described urea box.
6. motor, the device that comprises the discharge amount of body and reduction motor oxynitrides, it is characterized in that, the device of the discharge amount of described reduction motor oxynitrides is the device of the discharge amount of each described reduction motor oxynitrides of claim 1 to 5.
7. motor according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises turbosupercharger, and the booster turbine of described turbosupercharger is arranged in the described outlet pipe, and between described engine body and described nozzle.
8. motor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described turbosupercharger comprises described booster turbine and gas compressor, described booster turbine drives described gas compressor by its turbine shaft, the entrance of described gas compressor communicates with atmosphere, and its outlet is communicated with the suction tude of described motor.
9. motor according to claim 8 is characterized in that, also comprises particulate filter, and described particulate filter is arranged in the outlet pipe at rear, described catalytic reduction reaction unit.
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| CN2011102299743A CN102322325B (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2011-08-11 | Engine and device for reducing emission load of oxynitrides thereof |
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| DE19963936A1 (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2001-07-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle |
| CN101091039B (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2010-05-12 | 乌米科雷股份两合公司 | Method for monitoring the nitrogen oxide storage capacity of a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst used in the form of a primary catalytic converter |
| KR100957138B1 (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2010-05-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for determining malfunction of nitrogen oxide sensor and selective catalytic reduction system operating the same |
| JP5590640B2 (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2014-09-17 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification system |
| CN202194704U (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-04-18 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Engine and device for reducing discharge of nitrogen oxides of engine |
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