CN102319897A - Manufacturing method of spray formed high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roller - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of spray formed high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roller Download PDF

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CN102319897A
CN102319897A CN201110282755A CN201110282755A CN102319897A CN 102319897 A CN102319897 A CN 102319897A CN 201110282755 A CN201110282755 A CN 201110282755A CN 201110282755 A CN201110282755 A CN 201110282755A CN 102319897 A CN102319897 A CN 102319897A
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speed steel
vanadium
roller core
percent
roller
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CN102319897B (en
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葛昌纯
郭志家
张宇
徐轶
邱成杰
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rolled steel, and in particular relates to a manufacturing method of a spray formed high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roller. The high-vanadium high-speed steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 1.7 to 1.8 percent of C, 1.2 to 1.6 percent of Si, 5.0 to 6.0 percent of Cr, 1.2 to 1.4 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of Mn, 8.0 to 10.0 percent of V, and the balance of Fe; and the roller core is made of ball milling cast iron. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the radiation roller. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preheating the roller core to a certain temperature by using an induction coil, simultaneously smelting the high-speed steel of the outer layer in a vacuum induction furnace, atomizing the high-speed steel molten metal flow by adopting a spray forming method and using nitrogen, and depositing the molten metal on the rotary roller core for compounding. The outer texture of the compound roller is uniform, rough eutectic carbides and texture segregation are eliminated, and good metallurgical combination is formed between the roller core and a spray layer; and the spray formed compound roller has high hardness on the surface, good abrasion resistance, improved fatigue performance and longer service life, and has higher and better economic benefits as equipment is mature.

Description

A kind of manufacturing approach of reaction-injection moulding high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of steel rolling, be specifically related to a kind of manufacturing approach of reaction-injection moulding high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll.
Background technology
Steel industry is the mainstay property industry of national economy and modernization of the country construction development, is the sign of social civilization, also is important strategic property material.Since the reform and opening-up, China's steel industry is taken the lead, and output of steel occupied the first in the world in continuous 15 years, guaranteed and promoted the fast development of automobile, boats and ships, building, household electrical appliances and Defence business.And roll is the important and crucial parts of iron and steel steel rolling, in the steel industry chain, is in crucial status, and it is most important to iron and steel rolling technique equipment and variety and quality development.Along with developing rapidly of Ferrous Metallurgy industry; Updating of rolling technique, what mill bar quality required improves constantly and country's " 12 " energy-saving and emission-reduction the protection environment; The needs of the strategy of sustainable development, the needs of high rigidity, high-wearing feature, roll that anti-fatigue performance is good are more and more urgent.Simple, the process stabilizing of centrifugally cast composite roll equipment of domestic main application at present; But performance can not increase and break through for a long time; For a long time, China's roll manufacturing technology seriously lags behind steel development with equipment, and the high-performance roll leans on import to solve always.Reaction-injection moulding is a kind of flash set technology; It makes full use of refined liquid metal, deposits on roller core through being atomized into drip jet, making the particle that partly solidifies; Cause structure refinement, the composition of metal even soon with fixed attention, eliminated gross segregation, the performance that increases substantially roll.
SUMITOMO CHEMICAL heavy-duty machinery casting forging company prepares the blank of rich chromium cast iron and high carbon high-speed steel with spray-up method; Be enclosed within on the roll then; Because the tiny even distribution of carbide has improved 2~4 times its service life, hot strength, bending strength, shock resistance improve 2 times than original.Its shortcoming is to use high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) in the compacting process subsequently; And cost is too high, and companies such as Osprey cut into the ring except that producing thick-walled pipe, also direct reaction-injection moulding on the roller core material; Form metallurgical binding, obtain fine and close fully jacket roll through hot-working then.Sheifield Forgemaster Roll company produces heat, cold belt mill roll (being of a size of Φ 400mm * 1m, jacket thickness 25~100 mm) with this method.Bend test shows that the toughness of reaction-injection moulding jacket roll is higher by 40% than centrifugal casting roll, and thermal shock resistance improves 100 ℃, and hot-working character and anti-wear performance also are improved largely.Roll manufacturing company of Britain country produces Φ 400mm * 1000mm high-speed steel roll with spray deposition processing; Tissue is organized much trickle than forging; Eliminated thick eutectic carbide fully; Be that excellent metallurgical combines between roller core and jetted layers, the roll fatigue behaviour improves, and prolong service life.The BABCOCK company and the WILCOX company of the U.S. are planning same
Project, research is made compound high speed steel roll with spray deposition processing.Reach more than 2 times of conventional cast high-speed steel roll the service life of spray forming high-speed steel roll.
China adopts spray forming technology to prepare the rarely seen report of compound high speed steel roll.Only Shanghai Baogang Stocks Trading Co. company technique center is analyzed and is studied a kind of microscopic structure and mechanical property of novel high speed steel roll material; It is tiny that the high-speed steel that obtains is injected into organizing of form sample; Reduced in segregation, distribution of carbides is even, and variation has taken place in the kind and the form of carbide; Microhardness value is lower; This maybe be improper with the control of preparation process spray deposition processing, causes the deposit preform porosity higher relevant, to detailed descriptions to some extent of performance such as the roller core of composite roll and working lining bond strengths.These technology maybe because combine that bad, anti-accident property is poor, complex process, cost height and structural design are unreasonable etc., and fermentation limits and do not obtain further research and extension.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to solve the inhomogeneous problem with element segregation of the outer tissue that is produced in the existing compound high speed steel roll manufacture process.It is that high-vanadium high-speed steel, roller core are spheroidal graphite cast-iron that a kind of skin is provided, and skin is deposited on the roller core through jet atomization, thereby realizes the high-performance composite roll of good metallurgical binding, improves its hardness, wearability and anti-fatigue performance.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: A kind of manufacturing approach of reaction-injection moulding high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: high-vanadium high-speed steel chemistry percentage is following: C:1.7-1.8%, Si:1.2-1.6%, Cr: 5.0 ~ 6.0%; Mo: 1.2-1.4%; Mn: 0.5-0.6%; V: 8.0-10.0%, P :≤0.03, S :≤0.02, surplus is an iron; The manufacturing of composite roll:At first smelt, the amount of required injection is taken by weighing high-vanadium high-speed steel place in the melting bag, open pump and be evacuated to 10 according to the chemical composition that is designed -3Mpa charges into argon gas to operating air pressure, and eddy-current heating is to 1300-1500 ℃ of fusing;
Step 2: the nodular cast iron roller core is preheated to 1050 ~ 1150 ℃ with induction coil, inserts in the deposit cavity;
Step 3: the melting bag inner melt that step 1 is obtained is poured onto in the tundish with 20 ~ 25kg/min; Control tundish liquid level; Molten metal flows down through catheter; Form metal liquid stream and be 4-6 ° in the nozzle scan angle, pressure be 1.5-2.5MPa the nitrogen effect down atomizing and rapidly cooling fall, the nodular cast iron roller after the said preheating simultaneously pivots and vertically linear reciprocating motion according to setting speed; Deposition is also solidified the sedimentary deposit that forms 50 ~ 55mm, obtains high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll sample
Step: 4: cracking in order to prevent alloy and roller core binder course, with said high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll sample, is 650-680 ℃ in temperature, is incubated 2 hours, is 300-320 ℃ of insulation 1 hour in temperature, is cooled to room temperature then;
Step 5: the said sample that will pass through after step 4 is handled is 1050 ℃ ~ 1150 ℃ quenchings down in temperature, and is air-cooled; In the temperature temperature is 450 ℃ ~ 600 ℃ following tempering, insulation 3h, and air cooling, tempering is no more than 3 times, obtains the high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll.
Chemical composition of the present invention is to confirm like this:
1) vanadium: add the VC compound that vanadium can form high rigidity in the roll, help the refinement and raising wearability of crystal grain, also can improve its high temperature hardness simultaneously.The unique rapid solidification of reaction-injection moulding is avoided the generation of element segregation, so the mode of the centrifugal casting of comparing can improve content of vanadium to 8-10%.
2) chromium: chromium in high-speed steel roll with M 6C and M 23C 6Type carbide form exists.The purpose that adds chromium mainly is hardenability and red hardness in order to improve roll, can improve the antioxygenic property of roll simultaneously, prevents that coarsening phenomenon appears in the surface in the roll use, and suitable chromium contains measures 5.0-6.5%.
3) molybdenum: molybdenum is the essential element in the high-speed steel roll, and character and tungsten are close, but molybdenum causes that the temperature that structural transformation is is lower, because atomic weight approximately is the half the of tungsten, with the W of 1% molybdenum replaceable 2%.The adding of molybdenum can improve the red hardness of roll, improves the high temperature abrasion resistance of roll, reduces wear rate, improves roll campaign, and the addition of suitable molybdenum is 1.0 ~ 2.0%.
4) silicon: silicon is non-carbide former, but also can increase carbide quantity in the high-speed steel, improves the high-speed steel roll wearability.In addition, the proeutectoid carbide of separating out when silicon can also the refinement tempering improves tempering hardness.Too high levels can increase fragility, and roll surface is prone to produce be full of cracks and peel off.Therefore, suitable silicone content is controlled at below 1.6%.
5) carbon: high-speed steel roll requires to have enough wearabilities, must improve the quantity of carbide in the roll working lining.When quenching heating, a part of carbide is dissolved in austenite, thereby has guaranteed martensitic hardness, and alloy carbide is disperse and separates out during tempering, causes post-curing; On the other hand, the carbide that does not dissolve plays a part to stop grain growth and wear-resisting.So the effect of carbon is hardness, red hardness and the wearability that improves steel, effect is very remarkable, and suitable carbon content is 1.5-2.5%.
The invention has the advantages that the following aspects:
1) the outer high-speed steel of high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll of the present invention has increased the content of V, because the reaction-injection moulding rapid solidification, suppresses and has avoided the element segregation phenomenon that process of setting produced, and outer V element can not sneaked into roller core simultaneously;
2) high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll outer tissue of the present invention is than forging type, even tissue, and crystal grain is tiny.
3) the outer and roller core realization excellent metallurgical combination of high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll of the present invention can guarantee that binder course has good bond strength;
4) high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll roll surface even hardness of the present invention, wearability is good, and anti-accident ability is strong;
5) high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll of the present invention can reuse written-off spheroidal graphite cast-iron roller core, and energy-saving and emission-reduction realize the sustainable development of material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the manufacturing principle schematic of high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll of the present invention.
Fig. 2 high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll sketch map.
Atomization pressure, roller core temperature and deposition surface temperature variation curve sketch map in Fig. 3 reaction-injection moulding process.
Fig. 4 high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll heat treatment cycle curve sketch map.
Fig. 5 high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll binder course SEM photo sketch map.
Fig. 6 high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll junction line element scanning sketch map.
Among the figure, the 1-crucible; The 2-tundish; The 3-nozzle; The 4-range of atomization; The 5-pyrometer; The 6-rig camera; 7-is outer; The 8-roller core; The 9-induction coil; The 10-thermocouple.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with instance the present invention is done further and to tell about in detail:
Embodiment one
Main chemical compositions (wt%, surplus is Fe):
Material C V Si Cr Mo Mn P S
Outer 2.5 10.00 1.60 5.50 1.4 0.50 0.03 0.02
1) high-speed steel molten steel melting
According to the quality requirement of required metal injection and the size condition of mother metal etc., select 20L melting kettle capacity.Crucible is placed in the induction coil, and it is fixed in hole, to insert magnesia.The inclination crucible is just put after master alloy ingot slowly put into melting kettle, avoids the crucible of damaging.
The equipment vacuum interface is closed, open pump and be evacuated to 10 -3Mpa charges into argon gas to operating air pressure.Add on coil that then medium frequency alternating current is heated to 1500 ℃ of fusings;
2) warm of roller core
According to preparation technology's requirement, the nodular cast iron roller core is preheated to after 1150 ℃ (generally reach material melting point 80% ~ 90%) with induction coil, insert ad-hoc location in the deposit cavity, be convenient to coordinated movement of various economic factors direction and nozzle location;
3) high-speed steel flow spray deposition combined shaping on roller core
Topple over melting bag inner melt to tundish.Control is toppled over speed with control tundish liquid level and molten metal flow 23.6kg/min.Diameter is that the catheter of φ 6mm flows down to molten metal through the exit, forms also atomizing and cooling rapidly under the high pressure nitrogen effect of metal liquid stream, the metal drop of formation liquid/solid admixture in the decline process,
Scanning angle is 6 ℃, and scan frequency is that the metal droplets of 15.2Hz solid-liquid mixing drops on the matrix deposition and solidifies, and roller core pivots and vertically linear reciprocating motion as requested simultaneously, prepares the composite roll sample.
To change the commentaries on classics sample and be incubated 2 hours down,, be cooled to room temperature then 300 ℃ of insulations 1 hour at 650 ℃,
4) compound high speed steel roll heat treatment
The high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll is higher because of carbon, content of vanadium, has good hardenability and quenching degree, and does not have the instrument high-speed steel high to the requirement of red hardness, and the volume of roll is bigger in addition, so hardening heat is controlled at 1100 ℃, and the type of cooling is air-cooled.The reduction of cooldown rate makes that residual Ovshinsky is less relatively in the quenching structure, tempering 2 times; Temperature is controlled at 550 ℃, insulation 3h, air cooling; Separate out proeutectoid carbide in the retained austenite, in cooling procedure subsequently, change martensite into, promote the further raising of high-vanadium high-speed steel hardness.
Concrete technological parameter is following:
Atomization pressure 1.5MPa
Nozzle scan frequency 15.2Hz
6 ° of nozzle scan angles
Average alloy solution flow velocity 23.6kg/min
Roller core feed speed 0.7mm
Roller core rotary speed 1.8rad/s
Reaction-injection moulding nebulisation time 294s.
Embodiment two:
Main chemical compositions (wt%, surplus is Fe):
Material C V Si Cr Mo Mn P S
Outer 1.76 9.00 1.56 5.96 1.32 0.56 0.03 0.02
2) high-speed steel molten steel melting
According to the quality requirement of required metal injection and the size condition of mother metal etc., select 20L melting kettle capacity.Crucible is placed in the induction coil, and it is fixed in hole, to insert magnesia.The inclination crucible is just put after master alloy ingot slowly put into melting kettle, avoids the crucible of damaging.
The equipment vacuum interface is closed, open pump and be evacuated to 10 -3Mpa charges into argon gas to operating air pressure.Add on coil that then medium frequency alternating current is heated to 1500 ℃ of fusings;
2) warm of roller core
According to preparation technology's requirement, the nodular cast iron roller core is preheated to after 1150 ℃ (generally reach material melting point 80% ~ 90%) with induction coil, insert ad-hoc location in the deposit cavity, be convenient to coordinated movement of various economic factors direction and nozzle location;
4) high-speed steel flow spray deposition combined shaping on roller core
Topple over melting bag inner melt to tundish.Control is toppled over speed with control tundish liquid level and molten metal flow 23.6kg/min.Diameter is that the catheter of φ 6mm flows down to molten metal through the exit, forms also atomizing and cooling rapidly under the high pressure nitrogen effect of metal liquid stream, the metal drop of formation liquid/solid admixture in the decline process,
Scanning angle is 5 ℃, and scan frequency is that the metal droplets of 15.2Hz solid-liquid mixing drops on the matrix deposition and solidifies, and roller core pivots and vertically linear reciprocating motion as requested simultaneously, prepares the composite roll sample.
The composite roll sample is incubated 2 hours down at 650 ℃,, is cooled to room temperature then 300 ℃ of insulations 1 hour,
4) compound high speed steel roll heat treatment
The high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll is higher because of carbon, content of vanadium, has good hardenability and quenching degree, and does not have the instrument high-speed steel high to the requirement of red hardness, and the volume of roll is bigger in addition, so hardening heat is controlled at 1100 ℃, and the type of cooling is air-cooled.The reduction of cooldown rate makes that residual Ovshinsky is less relatively in the quenching structure, tempering 2 times; Temperature is controlled at 550 ℃, insulation 3h, air cooling; Separate out proeutectoid carbide in the retained austenite, in cooling procedure subsequently, change martensite into, promote the further raising of high-vanadium high-speed steel hardness.
Concrete technological parameter is following:
Atomization pressure 1.5MPa
Nozzle scan frequency 15.2Hz
5 ° of nozzle scan angles
Average alloy solution flow velocity 23.6kg/min
Roller core feed speed 0.7mm
Roller core rotary speed 1.8rad/s
Reaction-injection moulding nebulisation time 294s
Embodiment three:
Main chemical compositions (wt%, surplus is Fe):
Material C V Si Cr Mo Mn P S
Outer 1.70 8.00 1.40 5.00 1.30 0.60 0.03 0.02
3) high-speed steel molten steel melting
According to the quality requirement of required metal injection and the size condition of mother metal etc., select 20L melting kettle capacity.Crucible is placed in the induction coil, and it is fixed in hole, to insert magnesia.The inclination crucible is just put after master alloy ingot slowly put into melting kettle, avoids the crucible of damaging.
The equipment vacuum interface is closed, open pump and be evacuated to 10 -3Mpa charges into argon gas to operating air pressure.Add on coil that then medium frequency alternating current is heated to 1500 ℃ of fusings;
2) warm of roller core
According to preparation technology's requirement, the nodular cast iron roller core is preheated to after 1150 ℃ (generally reach material melting point 80% ~ 90%) with induction coil, insert ad-hoc location in the deposit cavity, be convenient to coordinated movement of various economic factors direction and nozzle location;
5) high-speed steel flow spray deposition combined shaping on roller core
Topple over melting bag inner melt to tundish.Control is toppled over speed with control tundish liquid level and molten metal flow 23.6kg/min.Diameter is that the catheter of φ 6mm flows down to molten metal through the exit, forms also atomizing and cooling rapidly under the high pressure nitrogen effect of metal liquid stream, the metal drop of formation liquid/solid admixture in the decline process,
Scanning angle is 4 ℃, and scan frequency is that the metal droplets of 15.2Hz solid-liquid mixing drops on the matrix deposition and solidifies, and annular matrix pivots and vertically linear reciprocating motion as requested simultaneously, prepares ring-shaped sample.
To change the commentaries on classics sample and be incubated 2 hours down,, be cooled to room temperature then 300 ℃ of insulations 1 hour at 650 ℃,
4) compound high speed steel roll heat treatment
The high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll is higher because of carbon, content of vanadium, has good hardenability and quenching degree, and does not have the instrument high-speed steel high to the requirement of red hardness, and the volume of roll is bigger in addition, so hardening heat is controlled at 1100 ℃, and the type of cooling is air-cooled.The reduction of cooldown rate makes that residual Ovshinsky is less relatively in the quenching structure, tempering 2 times; Temperature is controlled at 550 ℃, insulation 3h, air cooling; Separate out proeutectoid carbide in the retained austenite, in cooling procedure subsequently, change martensite into, promote the further raising of high-vanadium high-speed steel hardness.
Concrete technological parameter is following:
Atomization pressure 1.5bar
Nozzle scan frequency 15.2Hz
4 ° of nozzle scan angles
Average alloy solution flow velocity 23.6kg/min
Roller core feed speed 0.7mm
Roller core rotary speed 1.8rad/s
Reaction-injection moulding nebulisation time 294s
The high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll of the present invention's design and preparation is compared with cast type composite roll in the past, and outer and roller core combines good, and intensity is high, avoids the mutual diffusion of ectonexine alloying element.Simultaneously, unique flash set technology is avoided the segregation phenomena of alloying element such as V, can guarantee to organize more even like this, and outer hardness is high and evenly; Wearability is good, and anti-accident ability is strong, in steel rolling is produced; Roll campaign will prolong 2 to 3 times, reduce its production cost, improve the stocking surface quality; Ripe spray forming technology will have remarkable economical and social benefit, also can utilize for the roller core of having scrapped again, and realize its sustainable development.

Claims (1)

1. the manufacturing approach of a reaction-injection moulding high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: high-vanadium high-speed steel chemistry percentage is following: C:1.7 ~ 1.8%, Si:1.2 ~ 1.6%, Cr: 5.0 ~ 6.0%; Mo: 1.2 ~ 1.4%; Mn: 0.5 ~ 0.6%; V: 8.0 ~ 10.0%, P :≤0.03, S :≤0.02, surplus is an iron; The method for preparing composite roll: at first smelt, the amount of required injection is taken by weighing high-vanadium high-speed steel place in the melting bag, open pump and be evacuated to 10 according to the chemical composition that is designed -3Mpa charges into argon gas to operating air pressure, eddy-current heating to 1300 ~ 1500 ℃ fusing;
Step 2: the nodular cast iron roller core is preheated to 1050 ~ 1150 ℃ with induction coil, inserts in the deposit cavity;
Step 3: the melting bag inner melt that step 1 is obtained is poured onto in the tundish with 20 ~ 25kg/min; Control tundish liquid level; Molten metal flows down through catheter; Form metal liquid stream and be 4 ~ 6 ° in the nozzle scan angle, pressure is nitrogen effect atomizing and the cooling rapidly down of 1.5~2.5MPa, and the nodular cast iron roller after the said preheating simultaneously pivots and vertically linear reciprocating motion according to setting speed; Deposition is also solidified the sedimentary deposit that forms 50 ~ 55mm, obtains high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll sample;
Step: 4: cracking in order to prevent alloy and roller core binder course, with said high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll sample, is 650-680 ℃ in temperature, is incubated 2 hours, is 300-320 ℃ of insulation 1 hour in temperature, is cooled to room temperature then;
Step 5: the said sample that will pass through after step 4 is handled is 1050 ℃ ~ 1150 ℃ quenchings down in temperature, and is air-cooled; In the temperature temperature is 450 ℃ ~ 600 ℃ following tempering, insulation 3h, and air cooling, tempering is no more than 3 times, obtains the high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roll.
CN 201110282755 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 Manufacturing method of spray formed high-vanadium high-speed steel composite roller Expired - Fee Related CN102319897B (en)

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CN102873329A (en) * 2012-10-12 2013-01-16 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Method for preparing large-size high-vanadium die steel by spray forming process
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CN102133639A (en) * 2010-01-26 2011-07-27 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Core rod for preparing tube blank by spray forming
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CN104818434A (en) * 2015-05-05 2015-08-05 柳州金特新型耐磨材料股份有限公司 Wear-resistant steel material
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CN109663893A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-23 苏州金江铜业有限公司 A kind of preparation method of cupro-nickel tinfoil paper
CN111515398A (en) * 2020-05-13 2020-08-11 湖南力方轧辊有限公司 Equipment and method for spraying composite roller through multiple nozzles
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