CN102319827A - Expansion pressure forming method of steel tube for axle housing of mini car - Google Patents
Expansion pressure forming method of steel tube for axle housing of mini car Download PDFInfo
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- CN102319827A CN102319827A CN201110196767A CN201110196767A CN102319827A CN 102319827 A CN102319827 A CN 102319827A CN 201110196767 A CN201110196767 A CN 201110196767A CN 201110196767 A CN201110196767 A CN 201110196767A CN 102319827 A CN102319827 A CN 102319827A
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Abstract
The invention provides an expansion pressure forming method of a steel tube for an axle housing of a mini car. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing an initial tube billet; reducing two ends of the tube billet; performing hydraulic bulging twice; performing one-time press forming; and cutting according to technological requirements. The steel tube expansion pressure forming method has the advantages of high material utilization ratio, low manufacturing cost, no welding seams in the formed workpiece, high strength, good rigidity and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile manufacturing field, relate in particular to a kind of automobile pipe type element manufacturing process.
Background technology
Automobile drive axle housing is one of main bearing carrier on the automobile; Geometry is comparatively complicated, and it is the assembling matrix of main reducing gear, differential mechanism, semiaxis, and main function is the supporting vehicle weight; Bear the road surface counter-force and the countertorque that transmit by wheel, and pass to vehicle frame or vehicle body through suspension.Its performance directly influences the security and the reliability of haulage vehicle, should have enough strength and stiffness, and requires to reduce quality to improve the ride comfort of running car as far as possible.At present, the manufacturing approach of existing kart drive axle axle housing adopts the punching press welding, though this method working (machining) efficiency is high, parts quality is light; But stock utilization is low in manufacture process, and welding sequence is many, and weld seam is long; Welding quality requires high, and the commissure is low fatigue life, the commissure easy oil leakage; In addition, the cost of stamping welding method is higher, strengthens labour intensity.
Though the forming technique of relevant automobile drive axle housing occurred; For example Chinese patent number is 02104880.0 disclosed automobile axle housing inner high voltage, reducing formation process; Blank is selected the seamless steel pipe of certain specification size for use, and accomplishes each operation by following order: select the seamless steel pipe-internal high pressure forming intermediate axle packet portion-undergauge-bridge bag is carried out inner high voltage shaping-machined is carried out at the axle housing two ends.This patent has been set forth the preliminary imagination of automobile axle housing inner high voltage, reducing formation process.Say from theory, make the kart axle housing, have that operation is few, production efficiency is high, low cost of manufacture with this manufacturing process, product intensity and toughness advantages of higher, but not enough below existing:
(1) initial pipe internal high pressure forming intermediate axle packet portion, diameter increases about 1 times, only depends on bulging one time, and the shaping difficulty is big, spalling easily.
(2) undergauge is prone to unstability behind the first bulging of initial pipe.During to axle housing two ends undergauge, the mid portion that diameter has increased is prone to unstability, and along with reducing of two ends pipe external diameter, itself and mid portion diameter differ increasing, and mid portion more is prone to unstability during undergauge once more.
(3) during the shaping of bridge packet portion, product produces warpage.The kart axle housing is worn hemispheric bonnet, during internal high pressure forming behind the bridge packet portion; Bridge packet portion one side band hemispherical opposite side is the plane, during with mould shaping bridge bag, because the axial length of run in both sides has big difference; Cause product to produce warpage, be difficult to reach shape need.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stock utilization high, low cost of manufacture, product does not have the steel pipe swelling pressure manufacturing process of weld seam, kart axle housing that intensity and toughness is good.
The steel pipe swelling pressure manufacturing process of the kart axle housing that the present invention proposes, the major parameter of the steel pipe of said kart axle housing comprises: L is a length; d
mIt is Qiao Bao maximum cross-section height; d
eIt is outer end diameter; Its processing step is following:
Major parameter in the step comprises that α is a undergauge die semi-cone angle; M is the ratio of pipe outer end diameter and undergauge leading section external diameter behind the undergauge; K is bulge coefficient (ratio of maximum gauge before bulging back axle bag maximum gauge and the bulging).
(1) preparation of initial pipe; Initial pipe is a seamless steel pipe, its length L
0=L outside diameter d
0Should satisfy d simultaneously
0=(0.47 ~ 0.52) d
mAnd d
0=(1.50 ~ 1.65) d
e
(2) pipe two ends undergauge; Initial pipe is carried out undergauge 3～4 times, and undergauge is employed to be conventional device, size reducing machine for example, pipe outer end diameter d behind the undergauge
1=d
e, the middle part of pipe forms the bridge bag, should satisfy α=15
°~ 20
°, m=0.86 ~ 0.91, smooth again pipe both side ends, and pipe two ends processing seal.
(3) hydraulic expanding-forming:
1. the pipe behind the undergauge of two ends is carried out the hydraulic expanding-forming first time, bulge coefficient k
1=1.40～1.55, the employed expanding die of hydraulic expanding-forming comprises the forming assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads for the first time, and wherein forming assembly comprises upper guide plate, bottom guide, cover half piece, left sliding block and right sliding block.The both sides, bottom of said upper guide plate link to each other with last left sliding block, last right sliding block respectively; And be provided with the cover half piece between last left sliding block and the last right sliding block; Should go up the cover half piece also links to each other with upper guide plate; The below of upper guide plate is provided with the bottom guide corresponding with it; The both sides of this bottom guide respectively with last left sliding block and go up the corresponding following left sliding block of right sliding block, right sliding block links to each other down, and is provided with the following cover half piece corresponding with last cover half piece between left sliding block and the following right sliding block down, this time cover half piece also links to each other with bottom guide; Said left sliding block with down between the left sliding block, go up between cover half piece and the following cover half piece and upward offer die cavity between right sliding slider and the following right sliding block; The shape of this die cavity is confirmed according to the shape of pipe bridge bag behind the first time hydraulic expanding-forming; Said the left side of left sliding block and left sliding block down and go up right sliding block be connected pressure head respectively with the right side of right sliding block down, promptly two pressure heads link to each other with following left sliding block and following right sliding block through screw respectively; The inboard of said two pressure heads is respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space, and its inner interference fitting tight is inserted, and sealing is inserted to front end has the journal stirrup pipe, establishes the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, and the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting is provided with the sealing pressure head, and in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and portion establishes the hole within it; This hole links to each other with feed tube; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should link to each other with pipe joint by the end mouth of pipe, and establishes sealing gasket in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint; Pipe joint connects the feed liquor oil pipe on the pressure head of left side, and pipe joint connects high pressure sensor on the pressure head of right side; Offer fluid hole on the bottom guide; The bottom guide both sides are provided with the head part bar, and it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank.
The hydraulic expanding-forming process is following for the first time:
At first according to the shape of pipe bridge bag behind the first time hydraulic expanding-forming confirm to go up left sliding block with down between the left sliding block, the die cavity shape that goes up between cover half piece and the following cover half piece and upward form between right sliding slider and the following right sliding block, confirm the size of inserting according to pipe Qiao Bao both sides size; Upper guide plate is fixed on the top shoe of forcing press, goes up left sliding block, go up the portion's slip within it that links to each other with upper guide plate of right sliding block; Bottom guide is fixed on the workbench of forcing press; Left sliding block, following right sliding block link to each other with bottom guide and portion's slip within it down; The pressure head of both sides is fixed together with forcing press left and right sides slide block respectively; And drive the module that horizontally slips and between upper guide plate and bottom guide, realize horizontal movement, the liftout tank of forcing press links to each other with knock-pin; The starting pressure machine; The left and right sides slide block of forcing press drives both sides pressure head backhaul; Pressure head drives down left sliding block respectively and descends right sliding block to two lateral movements; The top shoe of forcing press drives upper guide plate and last left sliding block, upward right sliding block is up, and liftout tank drives the backhaul of head part bar, and the pipe behind the undergauge of two ends is put into; The bridge bag of pipe places down left sliding block, down in right sliding block and cover half piece three forms down the die cavity, inserting that the two ends of pipe and pressure head channel are interior is corresponding; Starting pressure machine, forcing press left and right sides slide block drive left and right sides ram shaft to relative motion, and forcing press vertical slipper drive upper guide plate reaches and goes up left sliding block, upward right sliding block is descending, and emulsion gets into the process feed tube by pipe joint and pours in the pipe venting after being full of; Forcing press left and right sides slide block drives the pressure head axial feed, and booster work simultaneously replenishes the emulsion that meets the pressure requirement, supercharging behind the matched moulds in pipe; Hydromechanical system quits work, and left and right sides slide block drives the pressure head backhaul, and the liquid that stops in the pipe of back flows out through taphole, and left and right sides slide block backhaul puts in place, the vertical slipper backhaul; Connect a knock-pin on the liftout tank of forcing press, knock-pin is arranged on the both sides of bottom guide, and the top of knock-pin is corresponding with the two ends of pipe, and the liftout tank drive head part bar of forcing press is up, and the pipe behind the first time bulging is ejected, and surplus liquid in the pipe is emitted.
The intermediate axle bag of the pipe behind the first time bulging is carried out stress relief annealing.
2. the pipe behind the general's hydraulic expanding-forming first time carries out the hydraulic expanding-forming second time, bulge coefficient k
2=1.25～1.40; The expanding die of hydraulic expanding-forming use for the second time is basic identical with the expanding die structure of hydraulic expanding-forming use for the first time; Promptly the employed expanding die of hydraulic expanding-forming comprises the forming assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads for the second time, and wherein forming assembly comprises upper guide plate, bottom guide, cover half piece, left sliding block and right sliding block.The both sides, bottom of said upper guide plate link to each other with last left sliding block, last right sliding block respectively; And be provided with the cover half piece between last left sliding block and the last right sliding block; Should go up the cover half piece also links to each other with upper guide plate; The below of upper guide plate is provided with the bottom guide corresponding with it; The both sides of this bottom guide respectively with last left sliding block and go up the corresponding following left sliding block of right sliding block, right sliding block links to each other down, and is provided with the following cover half piece corresponding with last cover half piece between left sliding block and the following right sliding block down, this time cover half piece also links to each other with bottom guide; Said left sliding block with down between the left sliding block, go up between cover half piece and the following cover half piece and upward offer die cavity between right sliding slider and the following right sliding block; The shape of this die cavity is confirmed according to the shape of pipe bridge bag behind the second time hydraulic expanding-forming; Said the left side of left sliding block and left sliding block down and go up right sliding block be connected pressure head respectively with the right side of right sliding block down, promptly two pressure heads link to each other with following left sliding block and following right sliding block through screw respectively; The inboard of said two pressure heads is respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space, and its inner interference fitting tight is inserted, and sealing is inserted to front end has the journal stirrup pipe, establishes the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, and the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting is provided with the sealing pressure head, and in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and portion establishes the hole within it; This hole links to each other with feed tube; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should link to each other with pipe joint by the end mouth of pipe, and establishes sealing gasket in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint; Pipe joint connects the feed liquor oil pipe on the pressure head of left side, and pipe joint connects high pressure sensor on the pressure head of right side; Offer fluid hole on the bottom guide; The bottom guide both sides are provided with the head part bar, and it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank.
The hydraulic expanding-forming process is following for the second time:
At first according to the shape of pipe bridge bag behind the second time hydraulic expanding-forming confirm to go up left sliding block with down between the left sliding block, the die cavity shape that goes up between cover half piece and the following cover half piece and upward form between right sliding slider and the following right sliding block, confirm the size of inserting according to pipe Qiao Bao both sides size; Upper guide plate is fixed on the top shoe of forcing press, goes up left sliding block, go up the portion's slip within it that links to each other with upper guide plate of right sliding block; Bottom guide is fixed on the workbench of forcing press; Left sliding block, following right sliding block link to each other with bottom guide and portion's slip within it down; The pressure head of both sides is fixed together with forcing press left and right sides slide block respectively; And drive the module that horizontally slips and between upper guide plate and bottom guide, realize horizontal movement, the liftout tank of forcing press links to each other with knock-pin; The starting pressure machine; The left and right sides slide block of forcing press drives both sides pressure head backhaul; Pressure head drives down left sliding block and following right sliding block respectively to two lateral movements, the top shoe of forcing press drive upper guide plate and go up left sliding block, to go up right sliding block up, liftout tank drives the backhaul of head part bar; Pipe behind the first time hydraulic expanding-forming is put into, and the bridge bag of pipe places down left sliding block, down in right sliding block and cover half piece three forms down the die cavity, and inserting that the two ends of pipe and pressure head channel are interior is corresponding; Starting pressure machine, forcing press left and right sides slide block drive left and right sides ram shaft to relative motion, and forcing press vertical slipper drive upper guide plate reaches and goes up left sliding block, upward right sliding block is descending, and emulsion gets into the process feed tube by pipe joint and pours in the pipe venting after being full of; Forcing press left and right sides slide block drives the pressure head axial feed, and booster work simultaneously replenishes the emulsion that meets the pressure requirement in pipe, supercharging behind the matched moulds, and hydromechanical system quits work; Left and right sides slide block drives the pressure head backhaul, and the liquid that stops in the pipe of back flows out through taphole, and left and right sides slide block backhaul puts in place, the vertical slipper backhaul; Connect a knock-pin on the liftout tank of forcing press, knock-pin is arranged on the both sides of bottom guide, and the top of knock-pin is corresponding with the two ends of pipe, and the liftout tank drive head part bar of forcing press is up, and the pipe behind the second time bulging is ejected, and surplus liquid in the pipe is emitted.
(4) press forming:
Pipe carries out press forming behind the hydraulic expanding-forming for the second time; Suppress employed mould and comprise the pressure shape assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads; Wherein press the shape assembly still to comprise upper module, lower module, front module and back module; Be provided with the lower module corresponding with it under the upper module, the front end of lower module and rear end are respectively equipped with front module and back module, and link to each other through pull bar between front module and the back module; Die cavity is offered in the centre position of above-mentioned upper module, lower module, front module and back module; The pipe bridge bag shape of the shape of this die cavity after by press forming confirms that the both sides of above-mentioned pressure shape assembly are respectively equipped with corresponding pressure head, and the inboard of said two pressure heads is respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space; Its inner interference fitting tight is inserted; Sealing is inserted to front end has the journal stirrup pipe, establishes the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, and the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting is provided with the sealing pressure head, and in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and portion establishes the hole within it; This hole links to each other with feed tube; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should link to each other with pipe joint by the end mouth of pipe, and establishes sealing gasket in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint.And pipe joint connects the feed liquor oil pipe on the pressure head of left side, and pipe joint connects the pressure release check valve on the pressure head of right side.Lower module is provided with the head part bar, and it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank.
Compacting process is following:
At first confirm the die cavity shape that the centre position of upper module, lower module, front module and back module forms according to the shape of pipe bridge bag behind the press forming; Confirm the size of inserting according to pipe Qiao Bao both sides size; Upper module is fixed on the forcing press top shoe; Lower module is fixed on the forcing press sliding block, and the both sides pressure head is installed in respectively on the slide block of the forcing press left and right sides; Forcing press top shoe, sliding block and left and right sides slide block backhaul, the left and right sides slide block of forcing press drives the both sides pressure head to two side shiftings, and it is up that the top shoe of forcing press drives upper module, and it is descending that the sliding block of forcing press drives lower module; Insert for the second time pipe behind the hydraulic expanding-forming, the bridge packet portion of this pipe is corresponding with the die cavity that upper module, lower module and forward and backward module form, and inserting that the two ends of pipe and pressure head channel are interior is corresponding; The left and right sides slide block of forcing press drives both sides pressure head relative motion; This moment, the hydromechanical system of forcing press was got into to the pipe internal-filling liquid by pipe joint, and after being full of, it is descending that the forcing press top shoe drives upper module; It is up that the forcing press sliding block drives lower module; Guarantee that the pipe axial location is motionless, the work of the check valve of pressure release simultaneously is until matched moulds; Left and right sides slide block backhaul, tapping, slide block backhaul up and down; Connect a knock-pin on the liftout tank of forcing press, knock-pin is arranged on the both sides of forming assembly, and the top of knock-pin is corresponding with the two ends of pipe; It is up that the liftout tank of forcing press drives the head part bar, and the pipe behind the press forming is ejected.
(5) cut according to technological requirement:
The pipe of press forming with the excision of bridge bag redundance, obtains satisfactory kart axle housing steel pipe according to technological requirement.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, mid portion unstability not during the pipe undergauge; Press in during hydraulic expanding-forming lower, be difficult for spalling.
When 2, utilizing mould to suppress whole preform pipe, the warpage defective do not occur, and force down in required.
3, axle housing does not have weld seam, and the product constancy is good, Thickness Distribution is reasonable, intensity and toughness is good.
4, reduce cost, production efficiency is high.
Description of drawingsFig. 1 looks sketch map for the master of the kart axle housing of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the top cross-sectional view of the kart axle housing of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 looks generalized section for the master of the initial pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of pipe behind the undergauge of two ends of the present invention.
Fig. 5 looks generalized section for the mould master of the present invention's hydraulic expanding-forming use for the first time.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of pipe behind the present invention's hydraulic expanding-forming first time.
Fig. 7 looks generalized section for the mould master of the present invention's hydraulic expanding-forming use for the second time.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of pipe behind the present invention's hydraulic expanding-forming second time.
Fig. 9 looks generalized section for the mould master that press forming of the present invention uses.
Figure 10 is the vertical view of the mould of press forming use of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the pipe behind the press forming of the present invention.
The specific embodimentLike Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, be example to process this kart axle housing, the parameter of this axle housing is following: axle housing length: 1032mm; The Qiao Bao maximum cross-section height of axle housing: 212mm; Axle housing outer end diameter 67mm; Axle housing end wall thickness: 5.5mm.
The processing step of manuscript 1, kart axle housing shown in Figure 2 is following:
(1) preparation of initial pipe is as shown in Figure 3, and initial pipe is the 16Mn seamless steel pipe, and its length is 1032mm; External diameter of pipe is 102mm; Thickness of pipe wall 4.5mm.
(2) pipe two ends undergauge carries out undergauge four times with initial pipe, and the undergauge coefficient is 0.90; Undergauge die semi-cone angle is 18 °, and the middle part of pipe forms bridge bag, smooth again pipe both side ends; And pipe two ends processing seal, as shown in Figure 4, pipe length is 1157mm; Qiao Bao both sides external diameter is 67mm; The end wall thickness is 5.5mm.
(3) hydraulic expanding-forming:
(1) pipe behind the undergauge of two ends is carried out the hydraulic expanding-forming first time; Bulge coefficient is 1.52; The employed expanding die of hydraulic expanding-forming comprises the forming assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads for the first time, and wherein forming assembly comprises upper guide plate, bottom guide, cover half piece, left sliding block and right sliding block.
As shown in Figure 5, the both sides, bottom of upper guide plate 1 respectively with last left sliding block 2, go up right sliding block 3 and link to each other, and on be provided with cover half piece 4 between left sliding block 2 and the last right sliding block 3, cover half piece 4 also links to each other with upper guide plate on this.The below of upper guide plate is provided with the bottom guide corresponding with it 5; The both sides of this bottom guide link to each other with last left sliding block 2 and upward right sliding block 3 corresponding following left sliding block 6, down right sliding blocks 7 respectively; And being provided with down the following cover half piece 8 corresponding between left sliding block 6 and time right sliding block 7 with last cover half piece 4, this time cover half piece 8 also links to each other with bottom guide; A left side sliding block 2 and 6 between, offer die cavity between between the cover half piece 4 and 8 and right sliding slider 3 and 7; The shape of this die cavity is confirmed according to the shape of pipe bridge bag behind the first time hydraulic expanding-forming; Left side sliding block 2 and 6 left side and right sliding block 3 are connected pressure head 9 respectively with 7 right side, and promptly two pressure heads are respectively through screw 10 and descend left sliding block 6 and time right sliding block 7 links to each other; The inboard of two pressure heads is respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space 11, and its inner interference fitting tight inserts 12, and sealing is inserted and had the pipe of journal stirrup for front end, is provided with the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, and the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting is provided with sealing pressure head 13, and in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and portion establishes hole 14 within it; This hole links to each other with feed tube 15; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should link to each other with pipe joint 16 by the end mouth of pipe, and establishes sealing gasket 17 in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint; Pipe joint connects feed liquor oil pipe 18 on the pressure head of left side, and pipe joint connects high pressure sensor 19 on the pressure head of right side; Offer several through holes on the bottom guide, promptly fluid hole 20.The bottom guide both sides are provided with head part bar 21, and it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank.
As shown in Figure 6, pipe length is 1072mm behind the pipe hydraulic expanding-forming first time; Pipe bridge bag maximum gauge is 155mm; Qiao Bao both sides external diameter is 67mm; The end wall thickness is 5.5mm.
(2) pipe behind the general's hydraulic expanding-forming first time carries out the hydraulic expanding-forming second time; Bulge coefficient is 1.39; The expanding die of hydraulic expanding-forming use for the second time is basic identical with the expanding die structure of hydraulic expanding-forming use for the first time; Promptly hydraulic expanding die comprises the forming assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads for the second time, and wherein forming assembly still comprises upper guide plate, bottom guide, cover half piece, left sliding block and right sliding block.
As shown in Figure 7, upper guide plate 1 ' the both sides, bottom respectively with last left sliding block 2 ', go up right sliding block 3 ' link to each other, and on left sliding block 2 ' and last right sliding block 3 ' between be provided with cover half piece 4 ', cover half piece 4 on this ' also link to each other with upper guide plate.The below of upper guide plate be provided with the bottom guide corresponding 5 with it '; The both sides of this bottom guide respectively with last left sliding block 2 ' and go up the following left sliding block 6 of right sliding block 3 ' corresponding ', right sliding block 7 ' continuous down; And down left sliding block 6 ' with time right sliding block 7 ' between be provided with the following cover half piece 8 of last cover half piece 4 ' corresponding ', this time cover half piece 8 ' also links to each other with bottom guide; Left side sliding block 2 ' and 6 ' between, cover half piece 4 ' and 8 ' between and right sliding slider 3 ' and 7 ' between offer die cavity; The shape of this die cavity is confirmed according to the shape of pipe bridge bag behind the second time hydraulic expanding-forming; Left side sliding block 2 ' with 6 ' left side and right sliding block 3 ' with 7 ' the right side be connected respectively pressure head 9 ', promptly two pressure heads respectively through screw 10 ' with descend left sliding block 6 ' and time right sliding block 7 ' link to each other; The inboard of two pressure heads be respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space 11 ', its inner interference fitting tight inserts 12 ', sealing is inserted and is had the pipe of journal stirrup for front end, is provided with the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting be provided with sealing pressure head 13 ', in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and within it portion establish hole 14 '; This hole and feed tube 15 ' link to each other; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should end mouth of pipe and pipe joint 16 ' link to each other, and establish sealing gasket 17 in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint '; The left side pressure head on pipe joint connect feed liquor oil pipe 18 ', on the pressure head of right side pipe joint connect high pressure sensor 19 '; Offer several through holes on the bottom guide, promptly fluid hole 20 '.The bottom guide both sides be provided with head part bar 21 ', it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank.
As shown in Figure 8, pipe length is 1032mm behind the pipe hydraulic expanding-forming second time; Pipe bridge bag maximum gauge is 208mm; Qiao Bao both sides external diameter is 67mm; The end wall thickness is 5.5mm.
(4) press forming:
Pipe carries out press forming behind the hydraulic expanding-forming for the second time, suppresses employed mould and comprises the pressure shape assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads, presses the shape assembly still to comprise upper module, lower module, front module and back module.
Like Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10; Be provided with the lower module corresponding with it 23 under the upper module 22, the front end of lower module and rear end are respectively equipped with front module 24 and back module 25, and link to each other through pull bar 26 between front module and the back module; Die cavity 27 is offered in the centre position of upper module, lower module, front module and back module; The pipe bridge bag shape of the shape of this die cavity after by press forming confirm, the inboard of pressing the both sides of shape assembly to be respectively equipped with corresponding pressure head 28, two pressure heads is respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space; Its inner interference fitting tight inserts 29; Sealing is inserted to front end has the journal stirrup pipe, establishes the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, and the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting is provided with sealing pressure head 30, and in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and portion establishes hole 31 within it; This hole links to each other with feed tube 32; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should link to each other with pipe joint 33 by the end mouth of pipe, and establishes sealing gasket 34 in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint; And pipe joint connects the feed liquor oil pipe on the pressure head of left side, and pipe joint connects the pressure release check valve on the pressure head of left side.Lower module is provided with head part bar 35, and it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank.
Shown in figure 11, pipe length is 1032mm behind the pipe press forming; Pipe Qiao Bao maximum cross-section height is 212mm; Qiao Bao both sides external diameter is 67mm; The end wall thickness is 5.5mm.
(5) cut according to technological requirement:
The pipe of press forming, obtains like Fig. 1, kart axle housing shown in Figure 2 bridge bag redundance excision according to technological requirement.
Claims (1)
1. the steel pipe swelling pressure manufacturing process of a kart axle housing, it is characterized in that: the length of the steel pipe of said kart axle housing is L; Qiao Bao maximum cross-section height is d
mOuter end diameter is d
e
Processing step is following: wherein major parameter comprises that α is a undergauge die semi-cone angle; M is the ratio of pipe outer end diameter and undergauge leading section external diameter behind the undergauge; K is bulge coefficient (ratio of maximum gauge before bulging back axle bag maximum gauge and the bulging);
(1) preparation of initial pipe, initial pipe is a seamless steel pipe, its length L
0=L outside diameter d
0Should satisfy d simultaneously
0=(0.47 ~ 0.52) d
mAnd d
0=(1.50 ~ 1.65) d
e
(2) pipe two ends undergauge carries out undergauge with initial pipe, and undergauge should satisfy α=15
°~ 20
°, m=0.86 ~ 0.91, pipe outer end diameter d behind the undergauge
1=d
e, the middle part of pipe forms the bridge bag behind the undergauge, smooth again pipe both side ends, and pipe two ends processing seal;
(3) hydraulic expanding-forming:
1. the pipe behind the undergauge of two ends is carried out the hydraulic expanding-forming first time, bulge coefficient k
1=1.40～1.55, the employed expanding die of hydraulic expanding-forming comprises the forming assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads for the first time, and wherein forming assembly comprises upper guide plate, bottom guide, cover half piece, left sliding block and right sliding block; The both sides, bottom of said upper guide plate link to each other with last left sliding block, last right sliding block respectively; And be provided with the cover half piece between last left sliding block and the last right sliding block; Should go up the cover half piece also links to each other with upper guide plate; The below of upper guide plate is provided with the bottom guide corresponding with it; The both sides of this bottom guide respectively with last left sliding block and go up the corresponding following left sliding block of right sliding block, right sliding block links to each other down, and is provided with the following cover half piece corresponding with last cover half piece between left sliding block and the following right sliding block down, this time cover half piece also links to each other with bottom guide; Said left sliding block with down between the left sliding block, go up between cover half piece and the following cover half piece and upward offer die cavity between right sliding slider and the following right sliding block; Said the left side of left sliding block and left sliding block down and go up right sliding block be connected pressure head respectively with the right side of right sliding block down, promptly two pressure heads link to each other with following left sliding block and following right sliding block through screw respectively; The inboard of said two pressure heads is respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space, and its inner interference fitting tight is inserted, and sealing is inserted to front end has the journal stirrup pipe, establishes the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, and the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting is provided with the sealing pressure head, and in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and portion establishes the hole within it; This hole links to each other with feed tube; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should link to each other with pipe joint by the end mouth of pipe, and establishes sealing gasket in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint; Pipe joint connects the feed liquor oil pipe on the pressure head of left side, and pipe joint connects high pressure sensor on the pressure head of right side; Offer fluid hole on the bottom guide; The bottom guide both sides are provided with the head part bar, and it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank;
2. the pipe behind the general's hydraulic expanding-forming first time carries out the hydraulic expanding-forming second time, bulge coefficient k
2=1.25～1.40, the employed expanding die of hydraulic expanding-forming comprises the forming assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads for the second time, and wherein forming assembly comprises upper guide plate, bottom guide, cover half piece, left sliding block and right sliding block; The both sides, bottom of said upper guide plate link to each other with last left sliding block, last right sliding block respectively; And be provided with the cover half piece between last left sliding block and the last right sliding block; Should go up the cover half piece also links to each other with upper guide plate; The below of upper guide plate is provided with the bottom guide corresponding with it; The both sides of this bottom guide respectively with last left sliding block and go up the corresponding following left sliding block of right sliding block, right sliding block links to each other down, and is provided with the following cover half piece corresponding with last cover half piece between left sliding block and the following right sliding block down, this time cover half piece also links to each other with bottom guide; Said left sliding block with down between the left sliding block, go up between cover half piece and the following cover half piece and upward offer die cavity between right sliding slider and the following right sliding block; Said the left side of left sliding block and left sliding block down and go up right sliding block be connected pressure head respectively with the right side of right sliding block down, promptly two pressure heads link to each other with following left sliding block and following right sliding block through screw respectively; The inboard of said two pressure heads is respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space, and its inner interference fitting tight is inserted, and sealing is inserted to front end has the journal stirrup pipe, establishes the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, and the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting is provided with the sealing pressure head, and in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and portion establishes the hole within it; This hole links to each other with feed tube; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should link to each other with pipe joint by the end mouth of pipe, and establishes sealing gasket in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint; Pipe joint connects the feed liquor oil pipe on the pressure head of left side, and pipe joint connects high pressure sensor on the pressure head of right side; Offer fluid hole on the bottom guide; The bottom guide both sides are provided with the head part bar, and it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank;
(4) press forming; Pipe carries out press forming behind the hydraulic expanding-forming for the second time; Suppress employed mould and comprise the pressure shape assembly between two ends pressure head and two pressure heads, wherein press the shape assembly to comprise upper module, lower module, front module and back module, be provided with the lower module corresponding under the upper module with it; The front end of lower module and rear end are respectively equipped with front module and back module, and link to each other through pull bar between front module and the back module; Die cavity is offered in the centre position of above-mentioned upper module, lower module, front module and back module; The pipe bridge bag shape of the shape of this die cavity after by press forming confirms that the both sides of above-mentioned pressure shape assembly are respectively equipped with corresponding pressure head, and the inboard of said two pressure heads is respectively equipped with a circular groove shape space; Its inner interference fitting tight is inserted; Sealing is inserted to front end has the journal stirrup pipe, establishes the inloading part screwed hole in its journal stirrup, and the internal diameter of pipe is confirmed according to the size of pipe; The rear end of inserting is provided with the sealing pressure head, and in the front end of sealing pressure head inserts and inserts, and portion establishes the hole within it; This hole links to each other with feed tube; The feed tube other end mouth of pipe is arranged on the surface of pressure head, and should link to each other with pipe joint by the end mouth of pipe, and establishes sealing gasket in the junction of feed tube and pipe joint; And pipe joint connects the feed liquor oil pipe on the pressure head of left side, and pipe joint connects the pressure release check valve on the pressure head of right side; Lower module is provided with the head part bar, and it links to each other with the hydraulic press liftout tank;
(5) according to the technological requirement cutting, the pipe of press forming with the excision of bridge bag redundance, obtains the part of satisfactory kart axle housing according to technological requirement.
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| CN201110196767A CN102319827A (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2011-07-14 | Expansion pressure forming method of steel tube for axle housing of mini car |
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| CN201110196767A CN102319827A (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2011-07-14 | Expansion pressure forming method of steel tube for axle housing of mini car |
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| CN110548799A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-10 | 山东金润德新材料科技股份有限公司 | ultrahigh-pressure water expansion and vacuum auxiliary forming device and method for clamp-press type pipe fitting |
| CN112756473A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-05-07 | 重庆虎溪电机工业有限责任公司 | Method for making copper thin-wall skeleton |
| CN113102624A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 吉林省车桥汽车零部件有限公司 | Internal expansion high-pressure forming method for special pipe of automobile axle housing |
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| CN110548799B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2024-05-24 | 山东金润德新材料科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for ultrahigh-pressure water expansion and vacuum auxiliary forming of clamping and pressing type pipe fitting |
| CN112756473A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-05-07 | 重庆虎溪电机工业有限责任公司 | Method for making copper thin-wall skeleton |
| CN112756473B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-02-17 | 重庆虎溪电机工业有限责任公司 | Method for making copper thin-wall skeleton |
| CN113102624A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 吉林省车桥汽车零部件有限公司 | Internal expansion high-pressure forming method for special pipe of automobile axle housing |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |