CN102317430A - Bioreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides devices and methods for the growth of photoautotrophic organisms. The devices and methods address issues related to the design of bioreactors, selection of a photoautotrophic organism, growth of the photoautotrophic organisms, extraction of biomass products, and/or use of the biomass products as a renewable energy source.

Description

Bio-reactor

The cross reference of related application

The application requires in the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.60/936 of submission on June 22nd, 2007; 645, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/003 that submitted on November 19th, 2007; The U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/052 that on May 12nd, 575 and 2008 submitted to; 562 interests, their integral body is incorporated the application by reference into.

Background technology

In recent years, seek the alternate and the reproducible energy and become more and more important.In in the past 6 years, the price of crude oil has increased above 5 times, and this has brought serious economic pressures for many areas.Along with reducing gradually and the continuous expansion of the whole world for energy requirement of oilreserves, the raising of expectation crude oil price will continue.

Along with the increase of fossil energy cost, use alternative method production renewable energy source just becoming more attractive commercial.Renewable energy source can comprise any energy by the energy generation of biological example matter, sun power, Geothermal energy, water ability or wind energy.In the substitute energy of these types, use ptotoautotroph body production biomass that extra interests are provided, that is exactly the product that said biomass can be used for producing other high value.For example, can plant algae with produce oil, DHA and press cake (press cake).Oil and press cake can be used for through burning the energy-producing while, and DHA is the high-value product that can be used for the nutritive food preparation.

Yet, owing to be restricted, cultivate the economic feasibility that the ptotoautotroph body is used to produce energy and other high-value product and still be restricted at least three different fields.These fields comprise that extraction and the biomass product of growth, biomass product of ptotoautotroph body is as the use of renewable energy source.

Summary of the invention

There are sizable demand in the biomass utilizing the ptotoautotroph body firmly to produce to can be used as the renewable energy source product and/or the method and apparatus of technical chemistry goods.Method and apparatus of the present invention can be used in the ptotoautotroph body growth, ptotoautotroph body results and/or extract the biomass product from the ptotoautotroph body.

An embodiment of the invention provide a kind of bio-reactor; It comprises: the container that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Said ptotoautotroph body has at least a extinction pigment, and said at least a extinction pigment has one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength; And the light source that is configured to launch the light of the one or more wavelength that arrive said container, the light of wherein said one or more wavelength can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body.If desired, said light source is configured to the outside of launching light pulse or placing this reactor drum.Said light pulse can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body.Randomly, said one or more wavelength comprises the wavelength between 300nm～800nm.

If desired, the temperature of said bio-reactor or pH control based on the growth characteristics curve of said ptotoautotroph body.Said growth characteristics curve can be represented with the dried cell weight of the said ptotoautotroph body of every volume or with the optical density(OD) of ptotoautotroph body described in the said bio-reactor in one period.

In some embodiments of the present invention, bio-reactor comprises: the container that comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive the sunshine that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; And the light conduction pathway of the said light receiving element that is operably connected, the surface-area of wherein said smooth conduction pathway distributes the light at least about 50% external surface area from said passage.Said smooth conduction pathway can comprise glass, plastics, polymkeric substance or reflecting element.The shape of said smooth conduction pathway can be bar-shaped or box-like basically.Randomly, said smooth conduction pathway places the inside of said container.If desired, said reflecting element is positioned the end of said smooth conduction pathway.

In other embodiment of the present invention; Bio-reactor comprises: the container that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Wherein said container comprises the removable unit that is installed on wherein; Wherein this removable unit is fit to along the length of this container flatly or translation vertically, and wherein said translation is concentrated to the ptotoautotroph body on the said removable unitary side; And the length extending of the said container in edge is to collect the results mouth of said spissated ptotoautotroph body.Said removable unit can comprise perforated material or reticulattion.Said spissated ptotoautotroph body can be suspended in the liquid.Said bio-reactor may further include light conduction pathway or the cleaning element that is installed on the said removable unit.Randomly, said bio-reactor may further include the light source of the light that is configured to launch the one or more wavelength that arrive said container, and one or more wavelength of wherein said light can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body.

In one aspect of the invention, bio-reactor comprises: the container that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Be configured to launch and arrive the light source of said container with the light of one or more wavelength of supporting said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth; And the energy converter that is used for producing electric energy from renewable energy source, the wherein said energy converter said light source that is operably connected.Said energy converter can be selected from solar panel, wind turbine, combustion unit, steam turbine, dam and arbitrary combination thereof.Randomly, said renewable energy source is a sun power.

In some embodiments of the present invention, said renewable energy source is selected from wind energy, water power ability, biomass energy and heat energy.The generation of said electric energy can be (the carbon neutral) of neutral carbon.Said bio-reactor may further include energy conditioner or energy accumulating device.

Said light source can be configured to launch light pulse.Said light pulse can be regulated based on the growth characteristics curve of said ptotoautotroph body.Said container can be processed by the material that is selected from metal, glass, semi-conductor, polymkeric substance and arbitrary combination thereof.

In some embodiments of the present invention, bio-reactor comprises: the container that comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive by day the sunshine that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; And be configured to launch and arrive the light source of said container with the light of one or more wavelength of when lacking sunshine, keeping said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.Said light receiving element can comprise following one or more: optical cable, light catch tray, window, parabolic slot-type optical collector or nonimaging optics device.Said nonimaging optics device can be compound parabolic concentrator (CPC).The optically focused of said nonimaging optics device can be about 0.5～6, about 1.3～5 or about 2 than (concentrateion ratio).

In others of the present invention, bio-reactor comprises: be used to cultivate the container of ptotoautotroph body, said container comprises that reflecting element is to get rid of from said container or the light loss that caused by said container basically; And be configured to launch and arrive the light source of said container with the light of one or more wavelength of supporting said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.Said reflecting element can be fixed in the inside or the outside of said container.

The invention provides a kind of array of source; It comprises one or more light sources of the light that is configured to launch one or more at least wavelength, and wherein the light emission from said array of source is configured to adjustable is included in the extinction pigment in the ptotoautotroph body with coupling one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength.Said one or more light source can be configured to adjustable to launch all peak absorbtivity wavelength of said extinction pigment.Randomly, said one or more light source is configured to launch the light of the one or more wavelength between 300nm～800nm.Said array of source can comprise and is used to transmit the light conduction pathway from the photon of said light emitted.

If desired, said light source can be installed in the said smooth conduction pathway.Selectively, said light source can be installed in outside the said smooth conduction pathway.Said light source can be configured to launch light pulse.

The invention provides a kind of production facility (plant) that is used for production biomass and electric energy, it comprises: be used for the bio-reactor of production biomass, said biomass comprise ptotoautotroph body and container; And the power generating equipment (power plant) that is operably connected to said bio-reactor, wherein this power generating equipment becomes electricity and carbonic acid gas with said Wood Adhesives from Biomass, and wherein said carbonic acid gas offers said bio-reactor and is used to produce said biomass.Said bio-reactor can comprise the light source of the light that is configured to launch the one or more wavelength that arrive said container, and the light of wherein said one or more wavelength can be regulated based on the growth characteristics curve of said ptotoautotroph body.

In any bio-reactor of describing herein, said bio-reactor can also comprise the parts that are selected from traverse baffle, mixing tank, gas supply device, gas sparger, reducing valve, condensing surface, well heater, cooling jacket, viewing window and optical light divider.Said gas sparger can comprise that the diameter that is configured to deliver gas to this bio-reactor is less than about 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.25,0.5 or one or more holes of 1cm.Said bio-reactor can comprise the container of being processed by the material that is selected from metal, glass, semi-conductor, polymkeric substance and arbitrary combination thereof.The ptotoautotroph body of in said bio-reactor, growing can be selected from algae, bacterium, eye worm, diatom and plant plankton.If desired, said algae is botryococcus braunii (botryococcus braunii), chlorella or Dunaliella salina.Said light source can be selected from photodiode, laser apparatus, incandescent bulb and gas discharge bulb.Randomly, said light source can be a solar source.One or more wavelength of light emitted can be corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of said ptotoautotroph body.

Others of the present invention provide the method for cultivating ptotoautotroph body, results ptotoautotroph body and/or extracting the biomass product from said ptotoautotroph body.

An embodiment of the invention provide a kind of method of production biomass; It comprises: cultivate the ptotoautotroph body in the substratum in the bio-reactor that is contained in the light source that is operably connected; Said light emitted photon is to support the growth of said ptotoautotroph body, and wherein said light source is configured so that the generation efficient of biomass is not less than energy about 50,5,0.5,0.05 or the said biomass of 0.005mg that every kilojoule (kJ) offers said light source.Randomly, said ptotoautotroph body carries out genetic modification and improves so that compare the photonic absorption ability with corresponding wild type ptotoautotroph body.Said ptotoautotroph body can carry out genetic modification and improve so that compare biomass throughput with corresponding wild type ptotoautotroph body.

In some embodiments of the present invention; A kind of method of production biomass comprises: every liter of substratum surpass about 0.3,1,3,5,10,15,30,50,75,125,175 or the condition of 200g biomass under, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body in the substratum in the bio-reactor that is contained in the light source that is operably connected.Randomly, in less than about 50,40,30,20,15 or 10 hours, produce every liter of substratum and surpass about 0.3,1,3,5,10,15,30,50,75,125,175 or the biomass of 200g.

In other embodiment of the present invention; A kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises: said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container of the light source that is operably connected; This light source is configured to launch at least one or the light of a plurality of wavelength that arrives said container, and the light of wherein said at least one or a plurality of wavelength can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body; And operate said bio-reactor with at least one of said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth or the light of a plurality of wavelength of providing support.If desired, said one or more wavelength is corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of said ptotoautotroph body.

The invention provides a kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body; It comprises: a) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container of the light source that is operably connected, and this light source is configured to launch at least one of the said container of arrival or the light of a plurality of wavelength; B) confirm the growth characteristics curve of said ptotoautotroph body; And c) regulates at least one or a plurality of wavelength of said light according to the result of step b).If desired, regulate said at least one or a plurality of wavelength so that the growth velocity maximization.Randomly, can regulate one or more at least wavelength so that the growth phase of said ptotoautotroph body maximizes for the energy that offers said light source.In some embodiments of the present invention, said method may further include and regulates said light source with the emission light pulse.

In other embodiment of the present invention; A kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises: a) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container of the light source that is operably connected, and this light source is configured to launch at least one of the said container of arrival or the light of a plurality of wavelength; B) measure the yield of biomass that said ptotoautotroph body is produced; And c) regulates at least one or a plurality of wavelength of said light according to the result of step b).Can regulate said at least one or a plurality of wavelength so that the maximize production of biomass.If desired, said method may further include the said light source of control with the emission light pulse.

In some embodiments of the present invention; A kind of method from bio-reactor results ptotoautotroph body comprises: start and be installed in the removable unit the said bio-reactor, wherein said startup comprises along the length of said bio-reactor flatly or the said removable unit of translation vertically; Said ptotoautotroph body is concentrated on the said removable unitary side; And via the results mouthful said ptotoautotroph body of results on a said removable unitary side, the length extending of these results mouthful said bio-reactor in edge is to collect the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body.Said removable unit can comprise perforated material or reticulattion.Said spissated ptotoautotroph body can be suspended in the growth medium.Randomly; Said method may further include: the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body is transferred to the stock chest from said bio-reactor, and from said growth medium, separated said ptotoautotroph body to form the solution of further spissated ptotoautotroph body.In other embodiment of the present invention, this method may further include: the solution of said further spissated ptotoautotroph body is loaded on the hydraulic ram press; Operate said hydraulic ram press with stripping oil; And collect said oil.The method that is used to gather in the crops the ptotoautotroph body may further include: collect and the isolating growth medium of said ptotoautotroph body, and this growth medium is turned back in the bio-reactor.Randomly, said ptotoautotroph body is an algae.

The invention provides a kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body, comprising: produce electric energy from renewable energy source; Utilize said electric energy to light source energy to be provided, wherein said light emitted arrives bio-reactor to support at least one of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth described in this bio-reactor or the light of a plurality of wavelength.If desired, energy converter is selected from solar panel, wind turbine, combustion unit, steam turbine and dam.Randomly, said renewable energy source is a sun power.Said renewable energy source can be selected from wind energy, water power ability, biomass energy and heat energy.The generation of electric energy can be for neutral carbon.

In some embodiments of the present invention; A kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises: said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises container, and this container comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive by day the sunshine that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; And when lacking sunshine, use source of artificial light to keep growth.

In other embodiment of the present invention; A kind of method comprises: in the bio-reactor of light source that is operably connected, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Said light emitted is used for the light of said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises container, and this container comprises that reflecting element is to get rid of from said container or the light loss that caused by said container basically.

The invention provides a kind of method of using production facility to produce energy, comprising: in bio-reactor, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body with the production biomass; Use power generating equipment to produce electricity and carbonic acid gas from said biomass; And said electricity and carbonic acid gas offered said bio-reactor to produce said biomass.

Mode incorporates into by reference

All publications mentioned in this manual and patented claim mode are by reference incorporated the application into, and its degree is just as incorporating into each publication or patented claim the same with each ground expression particularly by reference.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that is used for the exemplary containers of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

Fig. 2 shows the instance of extinction pigment and the corresponding graphic representation that absorbs relatively under different optical wavelength.

Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of sun power and/or wind energy bio-reactor that energy is provided.

Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram that sun power and biomass combustion provide the exemplary bio-reactor of energy.

Fig. 5 shows that rechargeable energy and biomass combustion provide the sketch of an embodiment of the bio-reactor of energy.

Fig. 6 has described the exemplary bio-reactor that sunshine provides energy.Said bio-reactor is installed on the cushion block.

Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram that shows the energy stream of production biomass product.

Fig. 8 is the spectrogram that shows the diode emission that emits white light.

Fig. 9 is the specification sheet of exemplary photodiode.

Figure 10 is the specification sheet of exemplary photodiode.

Figure 11 is the sketch of exemplary nonimaging optics device.

Figure 12 is the sketch of exemplary light distribution member.

Figure 13 is the sketch of an embodiment of light distribution member.

Figure 14 is the sketch that connects the exemplary light distribution member of computingmachine.

Figure 15 is the sketch of exemplary light distribution member that comprises one or more plate of optically transparent material.

Figure 16 is the sectional view of an embodiment that comprises the light distribution member of array of source.

Figure 17 is the sectional view that comprises the exemplary light distribution member of two sides array of source.

Figure 18 is the sketch with exemplary bio-reactor of external light source.

Figure 19 is the sketch of an embodiment with bio-reactor of a plurality of containers and a plurality of external light sources.

Figure 20 is the sketch with exemplary bio-reactor of external light source.

Figure 21 is the sketch of an embodiment that is configured to use the bio-reactor of external light source.

Figure 22 is the sketch with exemplary bio-reactor of computer-controlled smooth conduction pathway.

Figure 23 is the sketch with exemplary bio-reactor of the container of being with reflecting wall.

Figure 24 is the sketch of an embodiment of removable unitary framework.

Figure 25 is the sketch of an embodiment of cleaning element.

Figure 26 is exemplary light conduction pathway and the sketch that is positioned at light conduction pathway cleaning element on every side.

Figure 27 is the sketch of example gases bubbling whisking appliance.

Figure 28 is the sketch that shows the example factors that can in the process of growth of ptotoautotroph body, control.

Figure 29 is monitoring and the exemplary schematic illustration at reference mark that shows on the bio-reactor.

Figure 30 comprises being used to support the framework of light conduction pathway and the sketch of an embodiment of the light conduction pathway assembly of other parts that are used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

Figure 31 is the sketch that does not have the exemplary light conduction pathway assembly of framework.

Figure 32 is the exemplary schematic illustration that shows the step of bio-reactor working cycle.

Figure 33 is the sketch of an embodiment of the subarray of bio-reactor.

Figure 34 is the sketch of an embodiment of computer-controlled bio-reactor array.

Figure 35 is the exemplary diagram of the growth characteristics curve of ptotoautotroph body.

Figure 36 is the exemplary diagram of two growth characteristics curves of ptotoautotroph body.

Figure 37 is the synoptic diagram that is used for through an embodiment of the energy-producing production facility of biomass produced of burning bio-reactor.

Figure 38 is the sketch that shows the exemplary bio-reactor of growth medium to be filled.

Figure 39 shows the sketch have at the removable unitary exemplary bio-reactor of the biomass collection device of by-level position.

Figure 40 shows the sketch of the removable unit of biomass collection device at the exemplary bio-reactor of the position of preparing the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

Figure 41 is the sketch that shows the exemplary bio-reactor with the ptotoautotroph body that is seeded in the growth medium.

Figure 42 is the exemplary schematic illustration that shows through the removable unitary mobile results ptotoautotroph body of biomass collection device.

Figure 43 is the exemplary schematic illustration that shows the bio-reactor with the concentrated ptotoautotroph body on a removable unitary side.

Figure 44 shows through the results mouthful exemplary schematic illustration of collecting the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body.

Figure 45 shows the exemplary schematic illustration of using the biomass extractor to extract the biomass product.

Figure 46 is presented at the exemplary schematic illustration of separating water-based and non-aqueous biomass product in the separator tank.

Figure 47 is the sketch that shows an embodiment of the bio-reactor with biomass collection device.

Figure 48 has the biomass collection device, can be used for distributing the synoptic diagram from an embodiment of the bio-reactor of the container of the light of array of source and reverberator.

Figure 49 is the synoptic diagram with exemplary bio-reactor of a plurality of smooth conduction pathways and biomass collection device.

Figure 50 has biomass collection device and the synoptic diagram that can be used for distributing from the exemplary bio-reactor of the container of the light of array of source.

Figure 51 is the sketch that shows an embodiment of the bio-reactor array that is used for the production biomass.

Figure 52 is the sketch that shows an embodiment of the bio-reactor array with receiving tank that is used for the production biomass.

Embodiment

The invention provides and use the production of ptotoautotroph body can be used as the biomass of renewable energy source and/or the apparatus and method of technical chemistry goods.The inventive system comprises but be not limited to: biomass extraction element and biomass combustion equipment, and be used to cultivate and gather in the crops the bio-reactor of one or more ptotoautotroph bodies and parts wherein.Wherein, the parts of said bio-reactor can include but not limited to that (1) is used for harvest energy and energy is transported to the device of said reactor drum with the form of light, is used to produce, transmit and divide the device of luminous intensity distribution; (2) device of monitoring and control growing condition; And (3) are from the device of said one or more ptotoautotroph bodies of bio-reactor results.The present invention also provides, and includes but not limited to that (1) is delivered to light and other source the method for bio-reactor; (2) the control growing parameter is so that one or more ptotoautotroph heights are imitated the method for growth; (3) gather in the crops the method for one or more ptotoautotroph bodies; (4) method of biomass extraction; And (5) produce the method for rechargeable energy from biomass.

Though show and described preferred implementation of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these embodiments only provide with the mode of embodiment here.In order to use the effective and high yield ground generation biomass of ptotoautotroph body, device of the present invention and/or method can be used separately or make up use with other device, method and/or system by mode well known by persons skilled in the art.

Device of the present invention

Bio-reactor can comprise that one or more parts are to support the growth of one or more ptotoautotroph bodies.These parts can comprise the device that comprises growth medium; Collect sun power, heat energy, water power ability or wind energy so that the device of electricity to be provided to said bio-reactor; Be used to produce, transmit and divide the device of luminous intensity distribution, be used to monitor and the device of control growing condition and the device that is used for gathering in the crops one or more ptotoautotroph bodies from said bio-reactor.

In one aspect of the invention, bio-reactor comprises the container that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body, and said ptotoautotroph body has at least a extinction pigment, and said at least a extinction pigment has one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength; And the light source that is configured to launch the light of the one or more wavelength that arrive said container, one or more wavelength of wherein said light can be regulated based on the growth characteristics curve of said ptotoautotroph body.

In some embodiments of the present invention, bio-reactor comprises: the container that comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive the sunshine that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; And the light conduction pathway of the said light receiving element that is operably connected, wherein said smooth conduction pathway has the surface-area at least about the light of 50% surface-area of transmission from said passage.

In another embodiment of the present invention; Bio-reactor comprises the container that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Wherein said container comprises the removable unit that is installed on wherein; Wherein this removable unit is fit to along the length of this container flatly or translation vertically, and wherein this translation is concentrated in said ptotoautotroph body on the said removable unitary side; And the length extending of the said container in edge is to collect the results mouth of said spissated ptotoautotroph body.

The invention provides a kind of bio-reactor, comprising: the container that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Be configured to launch and arrive the light source of said container with the light of one or more wavelength of supporting said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth; And the energy converter that is used for producing electric energy from renewable energy source, the wherein said energy converter said light source that is operably connected.

In some embodiments of the present invention, bio-reactor comprises: the container that comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive by day the sunshine that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; And be configured to launch and arrive the light source of said container with the light of one or more wavelength of when lacking sunshine, keeping said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

In other embodiment of the present invention, bio-reactor comprises: be used to cultivate the container of ptotoautotroph body, said container comprises that reflecting element is to get rid of from said container or the light loss that caused by said container basically; And be configured to launch and arrive the light source of said container with the light of one or more wavelength of supporting said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

In another aspect of this invention; A kind of array of source comprises one or more light sources of the light that is configured to launch one or more at least wavelength, and wherein the light emission from said array of source is configured to adjustable is included in the extinction pigment in the ptotoautotroph body with coupling one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength.

The invention provides a kind of production facility that is used for production biomass and electric energy, it comprises the bio-reactor that is used for the production biomass, and said biomass comprise ptotoautotroph body and container; And the power generating equipment that is operably connected to said bio-reactor, wherein this power generating equipment becomes electricity and carbonic acid gas with said Wood Adhesives from Biomass, and wherein said carbonic acid gas is provided for said reactor drum and is used to produce said biomass.

Container

Said bio-reactor can comprise the container that allows watertight ground basically to comprise any kind of growth medium.Said container can be used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body.In some embodiments of the present invention, said container can be the container that is pre-existing in as transport container, storage capsule or storage pool.Selectively, said container can be by processing as the material of glass, concrete, polymkeric substance, metal, semi-conductor or its arbitrary combination.Operable metal comprises steel, aluminium, iron, red copper, bronze or its arbitrary combination.The shape of said container can be essentially box-like, cylindric, spherical or any other shape.Said wall of a container can be flexible, inflexible or its arbitrary combination.Said container can be to keep malleation or negative pressure with respect to state on every side.The embodiment of container is shown among Fig. 1.Fig. 1 shows groove or the container 110 with water and nutrition input aperture 114, eduction gear 116 and results mouth 112.Said eduction gear can be used for removing the culture of ptotoautotroph body, any other material and the liquid that are used to remove dead ptotoautotroph body or are used to remove the bottom that accumulates in said groove or container.Said groove or container can have one or more results mouths.Said one or more results mouth can be used for removing material and liquid from this groove or container.Along the height of said groove, this groove can have top, middle part and bottom position.In some embodiments of the present invention, said results mouthful are extended from the groove side near the bottom of the middle part of groove top, groove or groove.Said one or more results mouth can be used for removing liquid or material from this groove.

The inwall of said container can scribble reflecting material or be made up of reflecting material.Said reflecting material can reduce the light loss that causes in the wall of container into owing to being absorbed through the light transmission of wall of container or luminous energy.Reduction sees through wall of container and/or because the amount of the light loss that wall of container causes can increase the amount that is used for the employed light of one or more ptotoautotroph bulk-growths of bio-reactor.The instance of reflecting material can comprise aluminium flake, polymkeric substance, silver or aluminum oxide.Reflective material can be used as commercial products include Alcoa's Everbrite

or Dupont's Mylar

.Can select to have the reflecting material of high reflectivity for the light of the one or more wavelength that are used to support one or more ptotoautotroph bulk-growths.Said reflecting material can reflect up to 98% or higher incident light.Said reflecting material can randomly be slick, the band lines or the certain profile of tool, with the function of further performance light distribution.

In other embodiment of the present invention, said wall of a container is that the outside surface of optically transparent and this wall scribbles reflecting material.Said wall can be to make the light transmission of inciding on the container inner wall cross this wall and reach reflecting material, is reflected back toward in the container at this this light then.

The size of said bio-reactor can be to be fit to the virtually any size that the ptotoautotroph body carries out economically feasible growth.In some embodiments of the present invention, said bio-reactor can be that about 20 feet wide, 40 feet long, 20 feet are dark.In other embodiment of the present invention, the volume of said bio-reactor is 1 cubic feet.The size that can select this bio-reactor is so that the effectively production biomass of parts of this bio-reactor.

Organism

Use the device of the application's description and/or the ptotoautotroph body that method can be cultivated any kind.In some embodiments of the present invention, can be simultaneously in said bio-reactor, order or cultivate a kind of, two kinds, three kinds or more kinds of ptotoautotroph bodies with the form of its arbitrary combination.In other embodiment of the present invention, the ptotoautotroph body can with photochemistry nutrients biological body or heterotroph body simultaneously, order or cultivate with the form of its arbitrary combination.Can comprise fish (like tilapia, carp or sea bass) or crab with the heterotroph body that the ptotoautotroph body is cultivated simultaneously or sequentially.

The ptotoautotroph body can be divided into aquatic and ptotoautotroph body Lu Sheng.The instance of the photosynthetic autotrophic organism of Lu Sheng that can cultivate comprises that awns belongs to (miscanthus), switchgrass (switchgrass), pine tree, corn and soybean.The instance of aquatic ptotoautotroph body comprises Chlorella vulgaris (chiarella vulgaris); Haematococcus (haematococcus); Split Ulothrix (stichochoccus); Bacillariophyta (bacillariophyta) (chrysophyceae); Cyanophyceae (blue-green algae); Chlorophytes (chlorophytes) (green alga); Chlorella; Botryococcus braunii; Cyanobacteria; Haptophyceae (prymnesiophytes); Ballstone algae (coccolithophorads); New green alga (neochlorisoleoabundans); Dimorphism grid algae (scenedesmus dimorphus); Atelopus dimorphus; Euglena gracilis (euglena gracilis); Dunaliella salina; Dunaliella salina (dunaliella salina); Dunaliella salina (dunaliella tertiolecta); Diatoms; Bacillariophyta (bacillariophyta); Chlorophyceae (chlorophyceae); Phaeodactylum tricornutum (phaeodactylum tricornutum); Stigmatophytes; Silicon whip algae (dictyochophytes) and pelagophytes.

Can produce according to the biomass of stability, the growth that improves or improvement and select photosynthetic or ptotoautotroph body.Can be in that for example light and carbonic acid gas be measured the growth that improves based on the time or based on the nutrition that provides.In some embodiments of the present invention, the photosynthetic organism body can be selected based on one or more extinction pigments that belong to this photosynthetic organism body.The extinction pigment can comprise carrotenoid, Serlabo, alpha-carotene, β-Hu Luobusu, phycobilin, Phycocyanins, C-, phycoerythrin, allophycocyanin, phycophaein, xenthophylls, oxychlordiphenyquinoxaline, fucoxanthol, violaxanthol, Chlorophyll A, Chlorophyll B, Chlorofucsin 1, Chlorofucsin 2 or CHLOROPHYLL d.The extinction pigment can the one or more wavelength of preferential absorption.As shown in Figure 2, the light of about 430nm of Chlorophyll A preferential absorption and 670nm, and Chlorophyll B preferably absorbs the light of about 470nm and 650nm.Equally, show the wavelength of carrotenoid, phycoerythrin and Phycocyanins, C-preferential absorption.

The photosynthetic organism body can comprise one or more extinction pigments.For example, all plants, algae and cyanobacteria comprise Chlorophyll A, and cyanobacteria comprises phycobilin, and green alga comprises Chlorophyll B, and red algae comprises phycoerythrin, and brown alga and diatom comprise phycophaein.These extinction pigments can be used to drive the intravital photosynthesis of photosynthetic organism.

Can produce for the biomass of stability, the growth that improves or improvement said ptotoautotroph body is changed.Can confirm the growth of improvement based on the growth characteristics curve.The observed value of the dried cell weight that the growth characteristics curve can be through every volume ptotoautotroph body in for some time or the optical density(OD) of this ptotoautotroph body is represented.

The growth that improves can be compared with corresponding wild type ptotoautotroph body.Can be based on the time or based on the for example growth or the biomass generation of light, carbonic acid gas or growth medium measurement improvement of the nutrition that provides.Can change the ptotoautotroph body through carrying out random mutagenesis, rational mutagenesis (rational mutagenesis), orthogenesis or its arbitrary combination.Orthogenesis can comprise the library of creating the organism mutation and screen the mutation with required character.In other embodiment of the present invention, can utilize metabolic engineering that said ptotoautotroph body is changed.

The ptotoautotroph body that uses among the present invention (for example algae) can adapt to and preconditioning for being used for particular surroundings and operational condition that bio-reactor of the present invention grows in advance.Through utilizing natural or the condition that is fit to well in addition to adopt in the bio-reactor and the algae strain and the species in site can improve yield-power and the long-term reliability of the algae that in bio-reactor, is used for production biomass or biomass product.

As known in the art (referring to; Morita for example; M.; Y.Watanabe and H.Saiki, " Instruction of Microalgal Biomass Production for Practically HigherPhotosynthetic Performance Using a Photobioreactor (using the actual higher photosynthetic performance of bioreactor ground to produce the guide of little algal biomass). " Trans.IchemE.Vol 79, PartC; September calendar year 2001), be exposed to certain conditions set down and allow the algal cultures of breeding under this set of circumstances can become under simulated condition be more suitable for long term growth and yield-power is higher.The present invention can utilize maybe can for can reappear with the ptotoautotroph body that can expect ground preconditioning and pre-adaptation to increase their long-term survival power and yield-power under desired operation set of circumstances distinguishingly.Said ptotoautotroph body can carry out that preconditioning and pre-adaptation have with the bio-reactor that prevents to inoculate these algae species that other undesirable algae strain is polluted and along with the algae culture of time in bio-reactor preponderated.

Not having strict sterilization and remaining in the bio-reactor under the condition that seals with outside atmosphere, possibly be difficult to keep the algae strain of hope.Its reason is that the algae strain of in such bio-reactor, using possibly not have to adapt to for the condition of using well or optimize; And the algae strain of other this locality has been carried out more suitable adjusting for local environment; If they might pollute bio-reactor thus, they will be tending towards control and the desirable algae species of final replacement.Through using preregulated and ptotoautotroph body pre-adaptation can alleviate and/or eliminate this phenomenon.The yield-power that the use of algae strain not only can increase algae culture in the actual bioreactor system is with weather resistance and reduction fund and running cost, and can through eliminated respectively before operation with operating process in sterilize with environment isolation bioreactor system need the reduction running cost.

Typically, the commerce algal cultures that can get is adapted at growing under the ordinary laboratory condition.Therefore, these commerce algal cultures that can get possibly not be to be adapted at very much growing under one or more conditions of illumination that algae estimates to be in for biomass production, gas supply, temperature etc.For example, most of commerce algal cultures that can get is adjusted at low relatively light level (for example, every square metre of per second 150 little Einstein (150 μ Em ^-2s ^-1)) growth down.And these cultures are exposed in bio-reactor and possibly make these organisms be exposed to 2,500 μ Em under the daylight ^-2s ^-1Or under the higher light intensity or possibly cause that the light of essence suppresses, thereby make these cultures can not survive and/or fully growth, and therefore can not successfully compete with the deleterious original species that possibly penetrate in the bio-reactor.Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to utilize preconditioning and pre-adaptation in light intensity of estimating in bio-reactor of the present invention, to take place and the ptotoautotroph body of time length.

In addition, in specific embodiment, said bio-reactor can dispose and operation so that the light regulating cycle or the intermittent light of said algae experience relative high frequency.Though these high frequency light are regulated or intermittent light possibly be favourable for algae grows, may not adapting to well and be ideally suited under this condition with unadjusted algae strain of not adapting to grown.Therefore, in specific embodiment, said algae strain can pre-adaptation and preconditioning is regulated with the high frequency light of describing herein or the condition of intermittent light transmission under grow.Similarly; Many compositions (in specific embodiment, can remove through bio-reactor of the present invention) of in typical waste gas, finding possibly be to have to suppress the not growth of the algae strain of adaptation under concentration lethal toxicity and/or that possibly in waste gas, find basically.For example, CO in the waste gas ₂, NO _x, SO _xAnd the concentration of heavy metal (for example Hg) possibly be deleterious or deleterious for many algae strains that do not adapt to.The present invention provides and utilizes preconditioning and pre-adaptation to be exposed to the ptotoautotroph body in these poisonous or obnoxious flavoures.

The energy supply

Bio-reactor of the present invention can utilize energy in various purposes.These purposes comprise provides light, be used for heating or cooling, pressurized gas or electric energy is provided.Can use from the electric power that routine is originated or renewable energy source obtains provides energy for bio-reactor of the present invention.Use sun power for example, wind energy, biomass energy, heat energy or water power can renewable energy source maybe renewable energy source be converted to the energy converter of electric power.Water power can be able to comprise any energy that can use water power to produce.For example, water power can be able to utilize the variation of variation, wave, water flow passage or the water height of morning and evening tides.Other device that uses renewable energy source to realize can comprise energy accumulating device, invertor or energy conditioner.

Can become the device (being also referred to as energy converter here) of electric power can comprise solar panel, solar plant, wind turbine, combustion unit, steam turbine, dam, water wheels or its arbitrary combination renewable energy conversion.Other device that is used for energy transformation well known by persons skilled in the art can be an energy converter.The device that produces electric energy can be a neutral carbon, and meaning is not having extra carbon to produce when renewable energy source produces electric energy.The calculating that carbon produces can comprise the growth and/or the generation of renewable energy source.

Especially, solar panel can be used for producing electric energy by sun power.Solar panel can comprise the PN junction that is used for solar energy converting is become one or more types of electric energy.The instance of PN junction type comprises silicon, GaAs, AlGaAs, copper indium diselenide, CdTe and other semiconductor material well known by persons skilled in the art.Solar cell can comprise the PN junction of one or more types of the optical wavelength that is used to collect one or more scopes.Solar panel can be a coating solar-energy cell panel well known by persons skilled in the art.Solar cell or any solar energy equipment described herein can be installed in the device that is used to follow the tracks of solar source.Condensing apparatus described herein or any other type can be used in combination with any device that uses sun power.

Selectively, can use the solar energy thermionic system that conversion of solar energy is become electric energy.Said solar energy thermionic system can concentrate sun power and conversion of solar energy is become heat.This heat can be used for providing power to produce to turbo (for example, steam turbine).The solar energy thermionic unit describe is in United States Patent(USP) No. 6,302,100 with United States Patent(USP) No. 3,467,840 in, these two pieces of documents are incorporated the application by reference into.

Combustion unit can comprise the furnace chamber that is used for changing into biomass or from any material of chemical energy products of combustion (for example heat, carbonic acid gas and water).This heat can be used for liquid is converted into gas (for example water being changed into steam) and is used for power is provided and produces to turbo.Said carbonic acid gas and water can be as the nutrition of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth in the bio-reactor described herein.The biomass of in combustion unit, using can be the biomass through the growth generation of the ptotoautotroph body of growing in the bio-reactor described herein.

Can use wind turbine that wind energy transformation is electric energy.Wind turbine can be vertical-shaft wind turbo or horizontal axis wind turbine.Said wind turbine can be any wind turbine well known by persons skilled in the art.

Said energy storage device (it can comprise battery) can be used to store excess energy.This can make it possible to lacking renewable energy source or under the situation that the amount of the energy that renewable energy source produces changes, energy is being provided for said bio-reactor.Said battery can be lithium ion battery, based on the battery of lead or the rechargeable cell of any other type well known by persons skilled in the art.This can be used for, and for example, moving sun power at the night that can not get sun power provides the bio-reactor of energy or in the amount of the available wind energy luck sector-style power that changes the bio-reactor of energy is provided.

Said invertor can be used for converting AC power to direct supply, and vice versa.This can eliminate at load needs direct supply and problem that energy converter runs into when producing AC power, and vice versa.

Said energy conditioner can be used to make from energy converter and/or from the electric power stdn of battery.Said energy conditioner can be stablized the electric power that offers bio-reactor, so that can not provide inappropriate power to the electronics in the said bio-reactor.

An embodiment of electrical energy supply system is shown among Fig. 3.Said electric energy provides system can comprise solar panel 378, wind turbine 375, energy conditioner 380, battery 381 and invertor 382.Said solar panel can receive the sun power that the sun 371 produces via the sun 371 emissions and the photon 372,373 that impinges upon on the solar panel 378.Said solar panel can become electric energy with solar energy converting, and electric energy is transferred to energy conditioner through first electrical connection 379.Said wind turbine can convert wind energy 374 to electric energy.Said wind turbine can be supported on the tower or by other and arrange that hardware 376 supports.Electric energy by wind turbine produces can be transferred to energy conditioner through second electrical connection 377.Before this energy was transferred to battery, said energy conditioner can be with the electric energy stdn from wind turbine and solar panel.Said battery can storing energy so that energy to be provided when needed.Use invertor can energy transformation be become alternating-current.Can use cathode wire 383 and positive wire 385 to offer load from the electric current of invertor.Said cathode wire can ground connection 384.

Another embodiment of electrical energy supply system is shown among Fig. 4.Said bio-reactor 303 comprises photoelectric panel, is used to cultivate the container and the optical arrays of ptotoautotroph body.Said bio-reactor provides energy by the solar ray 302 from the sun 301.The ptotoautotroph body can mix to form growth medium with water and any other nutrition in pre-mixing bucket 304.Water 322 from source of supply is fed in the pre-mixing bucket via in check pipeline 323.Ptotoautotroph body and growth medium are infeeded in the bio-reactor via intake pipeline 319.Reactant gas (for example oxygen) and any unstripped gas that is not absorbed by the growth medium in the bio-reactor are discharged from particular reactor of the present invention through outlet pipe 318.Said outlet pipe can comprise monitoring element.Said monitoring element can be used for monitoring the gas of discharging bio-reactor, for example oxygen, carbonic acid gas, oxynitride and oxysulfide.

Ptotoautotroph body of growing in the said bio-reactor and growth medium can be discharged this bio-reactor and get into second storage vat 305 via outlet line 313.Return line 316 can be used for from the material transfer of second storage vat to the pre-mixing bucket.

Growth medium in ptotoautotroph body of growing in the said bio-reactor and said second storage vat is transported to via pipeline 314 and is used for exsiccant vaporizer 306.Liquid in the said vaporizer can be evaporated or siphon is removed.Evaporated liquid can condensation in condensing surface 307, delivers to then in the pre-mixing bucket.Can solid biomass and other biomass product be transported to combustion unit 308 to produce heat through burning.

Use Rankine or the hot machine 321 of other heat power round-robin (for example steamer or other hot machine known in the art) can utilize this heat to produce electric energy.Come the untapped heat 311 of auto-combustion and electric production process to transfer to vaporizer 306 to promote the evaporation of liquid medium through means known in the art.Electricity 310 produces and can be used for energy to bio-reactor and other parts described herein or element being provided from hot machine 321.Other place stored or be transported to excessive electric power can.The burning of biomass produces CO in the combustion unit ₂With other waste gas 312, it is transported to hot machine, and can be transported to the growth that bio-reactor is used for the ptotoautotroph body subsequently.

Light source

The supply of light is the integral part that is used to keep the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.Light delivery system of the present invention can comprise the device that utilizes artificial light or natural light.Artificial light can comprise any light that produces through electronic light source.The light of the light of any kind that natural light can comprise sunshine, in environment, find naturally or any kind of unartificial light.Utilize artificial light and the natural light can be simultaneously so that stable bio-reactor can brought into play function under the condition of certain limit in various environment.Light source can be configured for the growth of ptotoautotroph body.The output of the biomass product that produces based on the growth of ptotoautotroph body or ptotoautotroph body, said light source are configured to launch one or more wavelength, emission light pulse, launch light or launch the light of certain strength off and on.

Electronic light source can comprise photodiode, gas discharge bulb, laser apparatus, incandescent-lamp bulb, high-pressure sodium bulb or metal halide bulb.The instance of gas discharge bulb can be a fluorescent lamp bulb.Light source can dispose or be chosen as the emission certain limit optical wavelength, emission certain limit light intensity and/or electricity changed into the light of certain efficiency range.Discuss in (second edition) like " Light-emitting Diodes " at E.Fred Schubert, different light sources can have different luminous efficiencies.For example; Light source can have following efficient: tungsten filament-15～20 lumens/watt (lm/w), quartz halogen-20～25lm/w, fluorescence-50～80lm/w, mercuryvapour-50～60lm/w, metal halide-80～125lm/w, high-pressure sodium-100～140lm/w, organic LED-1; 300～130,000lm/w and III-V LED-1300 ten thousand～13,000 ten thousand lm/w.So, electricity is being changed into the light time, some light source can be more effective than other light source.

The energy of photon is its frequency and the function of quantum of action.This relation provides through E=hv=h*c/ λ, wherein quantum of action h=6.626 * 10 ^-34Joule second; V is the frequency of photon; Light velocity c=3 * 10 ⁸M/s and λ are light wavelengths.

Light source be that the efficient of photon is expressed as based on the energy output of the photon form per-cent divided by the electric flux input of joule form with Conversion of energy.Said efficient can be to be not less than 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or 99%.

Light source can produce the optical wavelength or the spectrum of required scope.The scope of wavelength can be across 0.5nm, 1nm, 3nm, 5nm, 10nm, 20nm, 50nm, 100nm, 200nm, 500nm or bigger.

Light source can be configured to have successive or light emission intermittently.For light emission intermittently, this light emission can be clocklike or irregular.For light emission clocklike, its frequency can be 0.05～2000Hz, 5～1000Hz or 10～500Hz.Light can be launched in the total time of 1-95%, 5-90% or 10-80%.Light intensity can be described through the light intensity waveform over time.Said light intensity waveform can be leg-of-mutton, zigzag, quadrate, sinusoidal curve or any other required shape.

Except the light source of other type, photodiode is the instance of light source that can effectively electricity be changed into light and produce the light of specific wavelength.Photodiode can provide also that other advantage is for example low-cost, the long lifetime and durable.Can select photodiode based on the scope of the wavelength that produces, be used to grow photosynthetic autotrophic organism necessary wavelength so that the scope of the wavelength that produces is mated better.Said ptotoautotroph body can have one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength.One or more wavelength of said light emitted can be corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of this ptotoautotroph body.

Photodiode can stipulated aspect wattage demand, light output area, main emission wavelength, luminous intensity, operating temperature or the size.For example, the specification of photodiode is shown among Fig. 9 and Figure 10.The light output area of the photodiode that shows among Fig. 9 and Figure 10 is shown in the graphic representation of Figure 10, and it has described the relation of μ W/min to wavelength.This figure shows: photodiode can have two peak light emission wavelengths.These two peak light emission wavelengths can be about 445nm and 655nm.Said photodiode can be launched the light across the certain limit of the wavelength region of for example about 425nm～500nm and about 610nm～690nm.Photodiode can be buied from any photodiode suppliers.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the photodiode with two peak light emission wavelengths provides light can for the bio-reactor that is used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.Said two peak light emission wavelengths can be about 445nm and 655nm.Said ptotoautotroph body can be the organism that contains Chlorophyll A, and wherein Chlorophyll A has the peak light absorbing wavelength of about 460nm and 670nm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, can use sunshine perhaps can use the combination of sunshine and source of artificial light so that light to be provided to bio-reactor as unique light source.Can use light receiving element to collect sunshine and sunshine is directed to bio-reactor.Said light receiving element can comprise glass, polymkeric substance or metal.Said light receiving element can comprise any condensing apparatus that can collect the light that points to certain zone and light focused on littler zone.In some embodiments of the present invention, light receiving element comprises following one or more: optical cable, light catch tray, window, parabolic slot-type optical collector or nonimaging optics device.For example, said nonimaging optics device can be a compound parabolic concentrator.Shown in figure 11, said compound parabolic concentrator can have the axle of acceptance angle, parabolic bobbin, para-curve, receptor opening and compound parabolic concentrator.Said compound parabolic concentrator can have wide acceptance angle.Said acceptance angle can be greater than 10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,120,130,150 or 170 degree.Said acceptance angle can be less than 10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,120,140,160 or 180 degree.Said compound parabolic concentrator also can have the optically focused ratio.Said optically focused is than confirming through following equality.

Optically focused is than=1/ [sin (acceptance angle/2)]

The optically focused ratio of said compound parabolic concentrator can be about 0.5～6, about 1.3～5 or about 2.Can regulate said compound parabolic concentrator with continuously, per hour, every day, weekly or followed the tracks of moving of the sun in every month.

The transmission of light and distribution

A common problem of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body is to carry out the transmission and the distribution of light for the optimum growh that reaches this ptotoautotroph body.Grow into a large amount of ptotoautotroph bodies and can block transmission and the distribution that light source hinders light, photosynthesis takes place thereby hinder in the said ptotoautotroph body through physics.Can avoid this problem through improving in the bio-reactor transmission of light.Can be through increasing the transmission that the surface-area that can emit light in the growth medium improves light.Light can comprise optical transmitting set and light distributor to bio-reactor and the transmission in bio-reactor.Said optical transmitting set and light distributor can be used to transmit from the light that places the inner or outside light source of bio-reactor and with light and be assigned to bigger zone.Said optical transmitting set and light distributor can be the light conduction pathways.

Said smooth conduction pathway can be so that the light of wide wavelength range can transmit in this light conduction pathway or the light loss that distributed and not have the absorption owing to this light conduction pathway to cause basically by this light conduction pathway.The part of light conduction pathway can make up said smooth conduction pathway so that can be divided luminous intensity distribution in bio-reactor.The part that can divide the light conduction pathway of luminous intensity distribution can be passage external surface area at least 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 80%.Can make up said smooth conduction pathway to launch the light of uniform strength basically from the external surface area that is used for the branch luminous intensity distribution.Shown in figure 12, said smooth conduction pathway can utilize convex surface 12 to be beneficial to divide equably luminous intensity distribution.

Said smooth conduction pathway can comprise one or more materials.Said one or more materials can comprise glass, plastics, polymkeric substance or reflecting element.In some embodiments of the present invention, can use optical cable transmission light.The glass of operable specific type for example can be Pyrex

in other embodiment of the present invention, said smooth conduction pathway can be a sheet glass.In case can make up said smooth conduction pathway so that bio-reactor intussusception growth substratum it can stand hydrostaticpressure or any other power.For example, can use strong material to make up said smooth conduction pathway.Said smooth conduction pathway can be solid or hollow.Hollow light conduction pathway can be filled air or liquid, perhaps can keep vacuum.Like Figure 12 and shown in Figure 15, the shape of said smooth conduction pathway can be bar-shaped basically or box-like.Shown in figure 12, said reflecting element can be arranged in the terminal of said smooth conduction pathway 30 or distribute to increase light in any other position of said smooth conduction pathway.Said reflecting element can be mirror or above-mentioned any other reflecting material.Like Figure 12 and shown in Figure 15, light source and/or array of source can place light conduction pathway outside or light conduction pathway inside.In some embodiments of the present invention, the container of bio-reactor can be light conduction pathway and reflecting material can place the light conduction pathway the outside in bio-reactor, to comprise light.

The instance of optical transmitting set and light distributor is shown among Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17 and Figure 48.

Shown in figure 12, light distribution member 1 can comprise optical arrays 3 and light conduction pathway 1.Said optical arrays can comprise that said wire harness is electrically connected to two leads on these a plurality of light sources by a plurality of light sources 9,10,11 of two leads, 5, the 6 electric current transmitted power supply of rattail 4.Said a plurality of light source 9,10,11 can be identical or different material and can launch identical or different one or more wavelength.Said a plurality of light source and wire harness can support through mounting flange 8.Said mounting flange can be mechanically connected to this light conduction pathway.

The light conduction pathway that is shown among Figure 12 can comprise the convex surface 12 through grinding, casting or use method known to those skilled in the art that optical material is formed, thus can be so that the photon of being launched by light emitting diode matrix element 9,10,11 passes the overall optical conduction pathway.When photon strikes convex surface edge (convex threshold), photon can or in the position 18 by internal reflection (will as from the position 15,16,17 leave the light conduction pathway photon launched) or absorb by the light conduction pathway.

In the position 18 by the photon of internal reflection can be in the position 20 clash into the light conduction pathway once more the surface, and can be in the position 24 be reflected, 21,22,24 are absorbed or launch in the position.In the position 24 be not absorbed or the photon launched can be in the position 25 clash into the light conduction pathway once more the surface, and can be in the position 36 be reflected, 26,27,28 are absorbed or launch in the position.36 are not absorbed or these photons of launching move on and 30 strike the bottom surface up to them in the position in the position.Said bottom surface can scribble reflecting material in the inboard.The reflective material may be, for example, Alcoa Everbrite

or Dupont's Mylar

of the material.Selectively, can use vapor deposition method or use any method well known by persons skilled in the art to apply said reflecting material.

The photon that is reflected in the bottom surface can impinge upon on the light conduction pathway in position 32 and 33,34,35 be reflected, absorbs or launch in the position.

Said smooth conduction pathway can be filled with gas, liquid or solid.Selectively, the inside of said smooth conduction pathway can be made up of vacuum.

The alternative view of the light distribution member that Figure 13 shows among Figure 12 to be shown.Said smooth distribution member can comprise optical arrays 41 and light conduction pathway 71.Said optical arrays can comprise a plurality of photogen 49,50,51, be used for lead-in wire is connected to the wire harness 48 on a plurality of photogens, two lead-in wires 46,47 that are used to support the mounting flange 45 of optical arrays and are used for electric current is offered a plurality of photogens.Said smooth conduction pathway can comprise and be used to receive by the photon of these a plurality of emitted and guide photon to pass the convex surface 52 of overall optical conduction pathway.Said photon can be in the position 55,59,65,70 bump light conduction pathways and 56,57,58,60,61,62,63,64,65 be reflected, absorb or launch in the position.Said smooth conduction pathway can have the bottom surface 68 that scribbles reflecting material.Said reflecting material can be so that the photon of bump bottom surface be reflected.

The light distributed component that is shown among Figure 12 and Figure 13 can be used for transmission and divide luminous intensity distribution at the bio-reactor that is used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.Bio-reactor can comprise one or more in these light distribution members, and the distribution of light is uniform basically in whole bio-reactor thus.The arrangement of light distribution member can be regular or irregular.

The sectional view of the alternate embodiments of Figure 14 display light distribution member.Said smooth distributed component can be included in a plurality of light sources 78,79,80 of one or more photons of the one or more wavelength of position 83,84,85 emissions.These a plurality of light sources can be through being electrically connected 75,76,77 by computingmachine 73 controls.Said one or more photon can impinge upon on the convex surface 81 that can guide photon to pass through light conduction pathway 99.Said photon can be propagated through the inside 86 of light conduction pathway and in the position and 89,97 impinge upon on the inner surface of light conduction pathway.In case impinge upon on the inner surface of light conduction pathway, said photon can be in the position 98,100 be reflected, 92,93,94,95,101,102,103,107,108,110 be absorbed or launch in the position.Pass through the optically transparent material of the wall 87 of formation light conduction pathway from the photon spread of light conduction pathway emission.Can pass through the angle that Snell law (Snell ' s law) prediction light propagates and the emission of light.

Figure 15 shows the alternate embodiments of the light distribution member that can in bio-reactor, utilize.Said smooth distribution member can comprise the plate of one or more optically transparent materials.Said optically transparent material can be polymkeric substance or glass.Said optically transparent material can be solid or hollow.Hollow material can filling liq, gas or is vacuum.The plate of said one or more optically transparent materials can have the one or more light sources on the one or more external margins that are positioned at this plate.In one embodiment, one or more optical lens isotropic disks place and are the bio-reactor of rectangular box shape basically.One or more light sources are along the top location of these one or more optical lens isotropic disks.One or more walls of the bio-reactor parallel with said optical lens isotropic disk scribble reflecting material.The photon of said one or more light emitted is directed into this optical lens isotropic disk, and photon spread is distributed in the whole bio-reactor through this optical lens isotropic disk and the photo emissions through this optical lens isotropic disk thus, and enters into surrounding environment.

Figure 16 shows the sectional view of an embodiment of the light distribution member can be used to transport light to bio-reactor.Said smooth distribution member can comprise the array of source 161 with one or more light sources.Said light source 162,164,166 can be identical or different.In some embodiments of the present invention, said light source is a photodiode.The light 163,165,167 of one or more wavelength can take place in said light source.One or more wavelength of said light can be corresponding to one or more absorbing wavelength of extinction pigment.

Said array of source can be installed on the supporting rack 173 by any method known to those skilled in the art, hang or be attached on another object.Can energy be provided for said optical arrays through one or more electrical leads 169,168.Said electrical lead can connect one or more terminals 171,172 and terminator terminating junctor 170.Said optical arrays can be through computer control and can be physically and electrically be independent of bio-reactor.

Figure 17 shows to have the embodiment that can be used for the light distribution member of the array of source of transmission light from the array of source both sides.Can make up the light distribution member so that this light distribution member occupies minimum space.Said smooth distribution member can comprise two sides array of source 181, places first group the one or more light sources 183,185,187 on first side of this array of source and places second group the one or more light sources 182,189,191,193 on second side of this array of source.Said first and second sides can be the opposite flanks of this array of source.Said one or more light source can be launched the light 184,186,188,190,192,194 of identical or different one or more wavelength.Can 195 energy be provided for said array of source through being connected of power bus and array.Said energy can via be connected to terminal 199 and 200 and the electrical connection 196,197 of terminator terminating junctor 198 provide.

Figure 48 demonstration comprises the embodiment as the bio-reactor of the container of light conduction pathway.Said container can be made up of so that arrive the light of this container optically transparent material and is distributed in the whole bio-reactor.Said light transparent materials can comprise vinyl resin or glass.Shown in figure 48, said container can be coated with or wrap up reflecting material.Said reflecting material can be with the luminous reflectance on the internal surface that incides this bio-reactor outside in this bio-reactor.Reflecting material also can place on the bottom or top-side of bio-reactor, returns in this bio-reactor so that incide the luminous reflectance of inside reactor of top or the bottom of bio-reactor.Shown in figure 48, can place one or more light sources at the edge of container, so that get into wall of a container and be distributed on the whole bio-reactor from the light of these one or more light emitted.Said one or more light source can be a led array.Said led array can be controlled through being electrically connected to unit (for example computingmachine).

Bio-reactor shown in Figure 48 also comprises the up-down clearer that is installed on the worm drive shaft.Said up-down clearer can be through said worm drive shaft rotation move along length with the bio-reactor of this worm drive substantially parallel axes.Said up-down clearer can comprise one or more cleaning elements that are used for the inwall of cleaning vessel.Said cleaning element can be the material of brush shape.Said worm drive shaft can be installed on the carriage.The further feature of the bio-reactor shown in Figure 48 comprises the gas input port that is used to provide gas (for example carbonic acid gas), the gas production well, water and the nutrition input aperture that are used to discharge unnecessary gas (for example oxygen and/or carbonic acid gas), gas sparger, be used to collect the collected volume and the eduction gear of the ptotoautotroph body of death or damage.The ptotoautotroph body that is deposited on the dead or damage of this bio-reactor bottom can be discharged through eduction gear.

Shown in figure 38, in bio-reactor, can place one or more smooth conduction pathways 2.Said smooth conduction pathway can account for the inner TV of bioreactor vessel up to 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 50 or 60%.The layout of these one or more smooth conduction pathways can be regulated based on photodistributed desired level and/or pattern.

Can be with the combination of one or more light sources as array light source, thus can produce the wavelength of wide region and control the light of one or more wavelength of light emission array emission.The scope of the light that these one or more light sources produce can be 300nm～800nm.In some embodiments of the present invention, the light that does not produce the specified range of 300nm～800nm is perhaps given birth to the volume production significantly lower than the light of other scope outside 300nm～800nm.The scope of the light that can give birth to the volume production significantly lower than the light of other scope can be about 530 and 610nm between scope.The one or more wavelength of light that can select the emission of this array light source are with corresponding to the one or more wavelength as the photosynthetic activity wavelength.Photosynthetic activity wavelength (being also referred to as photosynthetic useful radiation) can be corresponding to can be by the light wavelength of one or more extinction pigment absorption.The extinction pigment can be any extinction pigment of finding in the ptotoautotroph body.The photosynthetic activity wavelength is shown among Fig. 2.

In some embodiments of the present invention, array of source can comprise here the light conduction pathway of describing the photon that is used to transmit emitted.Said light source can be installed on the inside or the outside of this light conduction pathway.Can dispose said light source with the emission light pulse.

The inventive system comprises the assembly that comprises the device that is used for light generation, transmission and distributes.The device that is used for light generation, transmission and distributes is those devices that the front is described.Said assembly can be independent of the growth that bio-reactor is used for the ptotoautotroph body, perhaps is used as the alternative part of bio-reactor described herein.In some embodiments of the present invention, said assembly can be dipped in the pond or other water body that can be used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

The biomass collection device

Biomass collection device of the present invention can comprise the container with biomass collection device, and this biology scoop is used to gather in the crops the ptotoautotroph body of in this bio-reactor, growing.Said biomass collection device can comprise removable unit, and it can be installed on the inside of container and be configured to along the length of container flatly or translation vertically.Said removable unit can be configured to move to the base section of bio-reactor or move to the top section of bio-reactor from the base section of bio-reactor from the top section of bio-reactor.In some embodiments of the present invention, said bio-reactor can comprise the removable unit more than, so that removable unit can be along toward each other direction translation to concentrate the ptotoautotroph body.

Said removable unit can mechanically connect worm drive shaft or connect cable so that removable unit can move along the length of container.This removable unit can be configured to carry out translation so that only about 3%～50%, 5%～40% or 10%～30% of container volume in a removable unitary side.

When can being included in the translation of removable unit, said removable unit allow growth medium to pass this removable unitary perforated material or reticulattion.When can being configured in removable unit translation, this perforated material or reticulattion catch the ptotoautotroph body selectively based on size.

Said removable unit can comprise framework.Shown in figure 24, can make up this framework with around the one or more smooth conduction pathway of settling in the bio-reactor.Said framework can comprise one or more metal wires.In other embodiment of the present invention, said removable unit can comprise cleaning element, and this cleaning element comprises the subframe of metal plug or wire cloth and this frame supported.Said cleaning element can be used for that the clean biometric inside reactor is settled and be used to transmit the one or more smooth conduction pathway with distribute light.Shown in figure 25, said cleaning element can comprise wire cloth or the metal plug that subframe supports.

Shown in figure 26, cleaning element can place the light conduction pathway on every side to clean this light conduction pathway.Can pass through movably this cleaning element of frame supported.In some embodiments of the present invention, can to this light conduction pathway light be provided through producing by the led array of the light of one or more wavelength of this light conduction pathway distribution.Shown in figure 26, said led array can provide energy and control through electrical connection.In other embodiment of the present invention, said smooth conduction pathway can the mechanical connection gas sparger.Said gas sparger can comprise sparging gases and form one or more conduits of microbubble.Inlet mouth provides gas can for this gas sparger.

Selectively, said cleaning element can place the inside of light conduction pathway.Place the instance of the inner cleaning element of light conduction pathway to be shown in Figure 50, wherein said cleaning element is depicted on the up-down scoop as the brush edge.

In some embodiments of the present invention, said bio-reactor can comprise the results mouth that extends along the length of container.Said results mouth can be used to collect spissated ptotoautotroph body.Said spissated ptotoautotroph body can be suspended in the liquid.

Gas provides

The invention provides the bio-reactor that comprises the bubbling whisking appliance that is used to deliver gas to bio-reactor.

Said gas sparger can be made up of the material as polymkeric substance, plastics, metal or glass.In some embodiments of the present invention, said gas sparger is injection moulding or rotation molding.In other embodiment of the present invention, said gas sparger is formed by the stainless steel manufacturing.

The gas that offers bio-reactor can comprise carbonic acid gas, nitrogen, oxygen, air or helium.Carbonic acid gas is usually with the carbon source that acts on the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.Can obtain carbonic acid gas from industrial supplier, industrial gaseous waste, burning source or atmosphere.In some embodiments of the present invention, obtain carbonic acid gas by the organism of fermenting.Selectively, can obtain carbonic acid gas through the methane that biomass (for example agricultural fertilizer) digestion or fermentation produce from burning.Can use gas sparger described herein that carbonic acid gas is incorporated in the bio-reactor.

Shown in figure 27, said gas sparger 141 can have one or more holes 142.The diameter in said hole can be less than about 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.25,0.5 or 1cm.The pipeline 147 that can pass through connection controlled valve 148 is with gas, air, CO ₂Or other feed gas is fed in this bubbling whisking appliance.One or more unstripped gases are fed to into gas port 149 and control through opening and closing this controlled valve 148.When this bio-reactor contained growth medium, said one or more holes formed little bubble or microvesicle when allowing in delivering gas to bio-reactor.The reduction of bubble size can increase the surface-area of liquid-gas interface, increases the absorption of growth medium to gas thus.Gas pressurization can cause discharging the stream of very little microvesicle in the said gas sparger.These microvesicles send and produce the taper microturbulence 143 that moves upward from this hole through growth medium from the bubbling whisking appliance 141 of pressurization through small holes 142.These microbubbles act on the ptotoautotroph body in the growth medium 145 and cause upset or mix 146,150, and this improves the ptotoautotroph body and contacts with light and other are nutraceutical.

Shown in figure 26, said gas sparger can place near the light conduction pathway or the below.Because the ptotoautotroph body trends towards towards light source migration, can improve the conveying of gas near therefore this gas sparger being placed the light conduction pathway to the ptotoautotroph body.In some embodiments of the present invention, can settle said gas sparger so that increase the mixing or the turbulent flow of the growth medium in the bio-reactor from the bubble of this gas sparger.

Be provided to the untapped gas of bio-reactor or the gas of ptotoautotroph body generation and can discharge bio-reactors via one or more outlet ports.Reducing valve or any other valve can be controlled the pressure and the speed of gas from the bio-reactor discharge in the bio-reactor.Can collect the gas (oxygen or any other gas that for example untapped carbonic acid gas, ptotoautotroph body produce) of discharging bio-reactor and in other process, use.In some embodiments of the present invention, compressor can be used to collect the gas of discharging bio-reactor.

Nutrition supplement

In some embodiments of the present invention, said bio-reactor comprises the device that is used for the liquid nutritional thing is transported to bio-reactor.The liquid nutritional thing can comprise water and the water that contains phosphorus, magnesium, nitrate salt, nitrite, phosphoric acid salt, silicon-dioxide, salt and/or trace elements.Trace elements can comprise molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc, manganese, lead, cadmium, sulphur, calcium or nickel.Be used to carry the device of liquid nutritional thing can comprise the one or more ports that are placed on the bio-reactor.Said port can be positioned at top, side or the bottom of bio-reactor.Can use any means well known by persons skilled in the art said port to be connected in flexible pipe, pipeline or the pipeline that can be used for the transport liquid material.Said flexible pipe, pipeline or pipeline can be connected in series and be used to provide the pump of the waterpower that drives flow.

Algae or other ptotoautotroph body needs or the grown cultures based composition and use thereof in packaging that is fit to, the nutrition etc. that are used to keep growth are well known in the art.As it is understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that potentially various growth mediums can be used in the various forms of various embodiments of the present invention.For example, potential suitable grown cultures based component and nutrition are described in detail in the following document: Rogers, L.J. and Gallon J.R. " Biochemistry ofthe Algae andcyanobacteria " Clarendon Press Oxford, 1988; Burlew; John S. " AlgalCulture:From Laboratory to Pilot Plant. " Carnegie Institution of WashingtonPublication 600.Washington; D.C., 1961 (abbreviating " Burlew1961 " hereinafter as); And Round, F.E.The Biology of the Algae.St Martin ' s Press, NewYork, 1965; Each document is incorporated the application by reference into.

Gear

Said bio-reactor can comprise the device that is used for controlled temperature.The said device that is used for controlled temperature can be heating unit or refrigerating unit.The said device that is used to heat can comprise heat exchanger or resistance heater.Said heat exchanger can use any liquid or gas, for example water, glycerine, oil or steam.The heat energy that can use sun power or burning to produce is given said gas or liquid heat.Said heat exchanger or resistance heater can place cooling jacket bio-reactor near, or place the inside of bio-reactor.Said refrigerating unit can comprise and places outside or inner heat exchanger of bio-reactor or amber ear card loop.Provide water coolant or connection to comprise the compressor of one or more refrigeration agents can for said heat exchanger.Selectively, can help the cooling or the heating of bio-reactor through the outside that water is sprayed onto bio-reactor.

Bio-reactor described herein can be used for the growth of ptotoautotroph body.Can and control the growth that one or more growth conditionss promote the ptotoautotroph body through monitoring.The growth conditions that can monitor and control can be selected from pH, optical condition, gas condition, temperature, pressure, volume, biomass and biomass production concentration.Can use any device well known by persons skilled in the art that growth conditions is monitored and controlled.In some embodiments of the present invention, in real time the monitoring and the control growing condition.Can monitor the intervention that need not the user with the control growing condition.Figure 28 has described the several growth conditionss that can in ptotoautotroph bulk-growth process, monitor and control.

Shown in figure 29, bio-reactor described herein can comprise the one or more parts that are used to monitor and control bio-reactor.These parts can comprise TP, optical arrays, oxygen sensor, optical pickocff, floatswitch, gas sparger, pH transmitter, eduction valve, biomass collection device unit, heat exchanger, delivery valve, transfer valve and front pump.Can be based on the growth characteristics curve controlled bio-reactor of the ptotoautotroph body of growing in the bio-reactor.The parts that are used to monitor and control bio-reactor can comprise be used to collect from the data of biological reactor drum and with the interactional computingmachine in the reference mark of bio-reactor.Said computingmachine allows this bio-reactor of Long-distance Control.Said computingmachine can be electrically connected the one or more parts that are used to monitor or control bio-reactor.Being electrically connected between the one or more parts that are used to monitor or control bio-reactor and the computingmachine can be RS232 cable, Ethernet cable, serial cable, shunt cable or optical cable.In other embodiment of the present invention, said computer radio connects the parts that are used to monitor and control bio-reactor.The instance that is used to monitor and control the computer system of bio-reactor can comprise (SCADA) system of supervision and control and data gathering (Supervisory Control and DataAcquisition).

The parts that are used for the monitoring bio reactor drum can comprise the measurement component that is used to monitor the condition that is selected from pH, optical condition, gas condition, temperature, pressure, volume, biomass and biomass product.Said measurement component can be any device well known by persons skilled in the art.Especially, the measurement component that is used to measure biomass can comprise light source and optical sensor.The measurement component that is used to measure the biomass product can comprise mass spectrograph, gas chromatograph, liquid chromatograph or its arbitrary combination.The measurement component that is used for the monitoring bio reactor drum allows online and/or measures the condition of bio-reactor in real time.The parts that are used for the monitoring bio reactor drum can be used to measure the growth characteristics curve of the ptotoautotroph body that bio-reactor grows.

The parts that are used to control bio-reactor can comprise and are used to control the bio-reactor parameter control device parts that are selected from gas supply, heating or cooling, pressure, light supply or nutrition supplement.The controller part that is used for pilot-gas supply, heating or cooling, pressure, light supply or nutrition supplement can be any device well known by persons skilled in the art.The light supply can through radiative one or more wavelength, radiative intensity and intermittently photoemissive pattern characterize.Be used to control photoemissive controller part and can control radiative one or more wavelength, radiative intensity and photoemissive pattern intermittently.

Said controller part can comprise hardware and/or the software that is used to realize the control of bio-reactor parameter.For example, said controller part comprises the electronic unit that allows computingmachine and be used to control the electrical signal communication between the controller part of bio-reactor.Can use pulse-width modulation, voltage signal or any other type electronics, optical or radio communication set up communication.

In some embodiments of the present invention, can realize being used to control photoemissive device from light source.These devices can comprise resistor, transistor, electrical condenser, inducer or its arbitrary combination.These parts can allow the emission of controlled emission of light intensity or intermittent light pattern.

Additional bio-reactor parts

Bio-reactor of the present invention can comprise any other parts that comprise in traverse baffle, reducing valve, condensing surface, viewing window or the bio-reactor well known by persons skilled in the art.Said traverse baffle can maybe can be located the water that is filled in the groove to stop along the inwall location of bio-reactor.

Biomass are extracted

One aspect of the present invention is provided for handling the device from the biomass of one or more ptotoautotroph bodies.The said device that is used to handle biomass can comprise the device that is used for extracting from biomass the biomass product.Said biomass can be one or more ptotoautotroph bodies.

Stock chest can be used for holding the biomass that are included in the bio-reactor growth and are suspended in one or more ptotoautotroph bodies in the liquid.Said stock chest can allow to use gravity with ptotoautotroph body and liquid separation.Can reclaim and ptotoautotroph body liquid separated.The liquid of this recovery possibly be water and/or other growing nutrient thing and can turn back to the growth that is used for the ptotoautotroph body in the bio-reactor.The internal capacity of said stock chest can be for about 1～100,000ft ³, 100～60,000ft ³, 1,000～40,000ft ³Or 3,000～10,000ft ³Said stock chest can be made up of steel, aluminium, glass or polymer materials.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the device that is used for extracting the biomass product from biomass is for can briquetting biomass and allow mechanically to extract from biomass any device of biomass product.In some embodiments of the present invention, the device that is used to extract the biomass product is water pressure engine, expeller, metal disintegrating machine or whizzer.Being used for can be similar with the device that is used for from cocoa beans or olive extract oil from the device of biomass extraction biomass product.

Selectively, the device that is used for extracting the biomass product from biomass is for can utilize any device of chemical extraction method from biomass collection biomass product.The device that is used for extracting the biomass product can be similar with the device that is used for from olive chemical extraction and/or refining sweet oil.The device that is used to extract the biomass product can be to utilize hexane solvent or the supercutical fluid (CO of liquefaction for example ₂) extract the device of biomass product from biomass.The device that is used for chemical extraction can be made in steel or aluminum to satisfy needs that bear high operation pressure and the needs of resisting explosion hazard.The parts that are used for heating and cooling, for example heat exchanger can be used for temperature control.

Be used for to comprise the above-mentioned machinery and the combination of chemical process from the device of biomass extraction biomass product.In some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction of biomass product comprise the device that mechanically extracts the biomass product and afterwards extract the device of biomass product with chemical mode.

In some embodiments of the present invention, production facility can be used for production biomass and electric energy.Said system can comprise: be used to cultivate the bio-reactor of ptotoautotroph body and power generating equipment that the bio-reactor that is operably connected changes into electricity and carbonic acid gas with biomass that the ptotoautotroph body is produced or biomass product.Said carbonic acid gas can offer bio-reactor and produce biomass to be used for the ptotoautotroph body.Said bio-reactor can comprise the light source of the light that is configured to launch the one or more wavelength that arrive this bio-reactor, and wherein the emission of light can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of photosynthetic personal organism.

An embodiment of the invention are shown among Fig. 5.Fig. 5 demonstration relates to the energy of the system that is used for production electricity and direct combustion vegetables oil (straight vegetable oil) and the schema of mass transfer, and this system comprises bio-reactor 344, renewable electric energy generator 343, biomass extractor 353, combustion unit 364 and turbine 361.The energy that said bio-reactor 344 receives from renewable electric energy generator 343 (for example, solar panel or wind turbine).The sun 341 can provide sun power 342 to solar panel.

Said bio-reactor 344 receives the CO that organic materials 364 burnings produce ₂, waste gas, NO _X, SO _XOr other gas 345.Ptotoautotroph body in the growth medium (comprising water and nutrition) and the aqueous solution is stored in the pre-mixing bucket 347.Controlled transfer valve can and be used for through computer control through getting into pipeline 348 water, nutrition and ptotoautotroph body being transported to bio-reactor.Can 349 water be fed to this pre-mixing bucket from the water source through piping 350.Can ptotoautotroph body of growing in the bio-reactor and growth medium be transported to second barrel 352 through pipeline 346.Ptotoautotroph body in the growth medium is fed in the biomass extractor 353.Said biomass extractor can be the press machine (hardpress) that uses in the food products preparation industry.Said ptotoautotroph body and growth medium can pass through high pressure so that can produce direct combustion vegetables oil 355 and press cake.Said direct combustion vegetables oil 355 can use any means 354 well known by persons skilled in the art to collect and can or be used for other application as biodiesel raw material.Can press cake and all non-oil substances be transported to the vaporizer 362 that is used for collecting excessive water via pipeline, travelling belt, its arbitrary combination or any other transfering means 356.The water of liquid form and gaseous form is transferred to condensing surface 358 through the pipeline 357 that is used for condensation, is transported in the pre-mixing bucket via pipeline 359 then.Press cake can be dry in vaporizer, uses any means 363 well known by persons skilled in the art to remove then.The exsiccant press cake can be transferred to combustion unit 364 and burn.Oxygen obtains from air and burns with press cake.Can heat delivery turbo 361 be used for generating.With used heat or from the rejected heat of turbo guiding vaporizer.

Method of the present invention

Method of the present invention can be through the growth production biomass or the biomass product of ptotoautotroph body in the bio-reactor.Said method comprises: utilize renewable energy source energy to be provided for bio-reactor and other electronic unit, light is provided, utilize the system of the condition of monitoring and control bio-reactor, and utilize the biomass collection device.Said ptotoautotroph body can be any ptotoautotroph body described herein.

In some embodiments of the present invention; A kind of method of production biomass comprises: in the substratum of the bio-reactor that is contained in the light source that is operably connected, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Said light emitted photon is to support the growth of said ptotoautotroph body, and wherein said light source is configured so that the production efficiency of biomass is not less than energy about 100,10,1,0.1 or the said biomass of 0.01mg that every kJ offers said light source.

In other embodiment of the present invention; A kind of method of production biomass comprises: produce every liter of substratum surpass about 0.3,1,3,5,10,15,30,50,75,125,175 or the condition of the biomass of 200g under, in the substratum of the bio-reactor that is contained in the light source that is operably connected, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body.

Method of the present invention provides a kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body; Comprise: a) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container of the light source that is operably connected; This light source is configured to launch at least one or the light of a plurality of wavelength that arrives said container, and at least one or a plurality of wavelength of wherein said light can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body; And b) the said bio-reactor of operation is with at least one of said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth or the light of a plurality of wavelength of providing support.

In some embodiments of the present invention; A kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises: a) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container of the light source that is operably connected, and this light source is configured to launch at least one of the said container of arrival or the light of a plurality of wavelength; B) confirm the growth characteristics curve of said ptotoautotroph body; And c) regulates at least one or a plurality of wavelength of said light according to the result of step b).

In other embodiment of the present invention; A kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises: a) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container of the light source that is operably connected, and this light source is configured to launch at least one of the said container of arrival or the light of a plurality of wavelength; B) biomass of the said ptotoautotroph body of measurement produce; And c) regulates at least one or a plurality of wavelength of said light according to the result of step b).

Method of the present invention provides a kind of method of from bio-reactor, gathering in the crops the ptotoautotroph body; Comprise: (a) start and be installed in the removable unit in the said bio-reactor, wherein said startup comprises along the length of said bio-reactor flatly or the said removable unit of translation vertically; (b) said ptotoautotroph body is concentrated on the said removable unitary side; And (c) via the said ptotoautotroph body of results mouth results on a said removable unitary side that extends along the length of said bio-reactor to collect the solution of said spissated ptotoautotroph body.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises: a) produce electric energy from renewable energy source; And b) utilize said electric energy to light source energy to be provided, wherein said light emitted arrives bio-reactor to support at least one of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth described in this bio-reactor or the light of a plurality of wavelength.

In other embodiment of the present invention; A kind of method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises: a) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises container, and this container comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive by day the sunshine that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; And b) when lacking sunshine, use source of artificial light to keep growth.

Method of the present invention provides a kind of method; Comprise: in the bio-reactor of light source that is operably connected, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Said light emitted is used for the light of said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises container, and this container comprises that reflecting element is to get rid of from said container or the light loss that caused by said container basically.

In one aspect of the invention, a kind of method of using production facility to produce energy comprises: a) use ptotoautotroph body production biomass; B) use power generating equipment to produce electricity and carbonic acid gas by said biomass; And c) said electricity and carbonic acid gas are offered said bio-reactor and be used to produce said biomass.

The method of electric energy is provided

The ptotoautotroph body can be grown in the bio-reactor that energy is provided by renewable energy source.Said renewable energy source can be used for providing energy can reach bio-reactor to support one or more wavelength of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth to produce to the light source of bio-reactor.Said renewable energy source also can be used for pressurized air and carbonic acid gas or energy is provided for pump, valve, transmitter and biomass extraction element.Said renewable energy source can be the energy that produces through the energy converter that is selected from solar panel, wind turbine, combustion unit, steam turbine and dam.Said energy converter can become electric energy with the renewable energy conversion that is selected from wind energy, water power ability, biomass energy and heat energy.The process that produces electric energy can be a neutral carbon, means when when renewable energy source produces electric energy, not having extra carbon to produce.The calculating that carbon produces can comprise the growth and/or the generation of renewable energy source.

In some embodiments of the present invention, use the energy converter of combination electric energy to be provided to bio-reactor.The energy converter of combination can be used under multiple envrionment conditions, providing more uniformly, and electric energy produces.For example, wind turbine can make up with solar panel, the electricity that when sunshine is arranged, can use solar panel to produce thus, and when lacking sunshine, can use wind turbine to produce.

The electricity that is produced by said one or more energy converters and/or one or more renewable energy source can be used for energy to bio-reactor or any other electric driver being provided.Can pass through energy accumulating device (for example battery) store excessive.Said battery can be the battery of any kind described herein.Said battery can be any rechargeable cell well known by persons skilled in the art.

Can the energy accumulating device stored position offer bio-reactor or any other electric driver before the electric energy that uses one or more energy converters or one or more renewable energy source to produce is regulated.Energy conditioner can be used for from one or more energy converters and/or from the electric energy stdn of energy accumulating device.Use energy conditioner that the electric energy stdn can be transported to the fault that electric driver prevents electric driver through voltage and/or the electric current that prevents uncomfortable resultant.

The method of light is provided

Light is offered method that bio-reactor is used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth can be comprised and utilize sunshine, utilize artificial or electronic light source or utilize its combination.Solar source can make up the low cost optical supply to be provided and/or supply light when lacking sunshine with source of artificial light.Can be utilized in light is transported to and carry out or do not carry out the solar source that light source is concentrated before the bio-reactor.Can use light receiving element to concentrate solar source.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the method that is provided for the light of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth can comprise the bio-reactor that has reflectance coating on the internal surface that is utilized in bio-reactor.Reflecting surface can reduce because the amount of the light loss of the material material that cause or that pass bio-reactor of bio-reactor.

Can control the light that is transported to bio-reactor.The control of light source can comprise control one or more wavelength light emitted or that be transported to bio-reactor; Control light intensity light emitted or that be transported to bio-reactor; The intermittent transmission of control light or light are perhaps controlled the spatial distribution of light to the conveying of bio-reactor.

One or more wavelength said light emitted or that be transported to bio-reactor can be the utilizable light wavelengths of ptotoautotroph body.In some embodiments of the present invention, regulate said one or more wavelength belongs to one or more ptotoautotroph bodies with coupling one or more extinction pigments.Can comprise that the array of source of one or more light sources regulates one or more wavelength of said light through utilization.Said one or more light source can be launched the light of certain wavelength region.

Can regulate said one or more wavelength to produce one or more biomass products.In some embodiments of the present invention, can carry one or more wavelength of first group with the production biomass and can carry one or more wavelength of second group with production biomass product.For example, the production of biomass can utilize one group of wavelength of 310-520nm, and the production of biomass product can be 600-700nm.

Can control the amount of light light emitted or that be transported to bio-reactor.The amount of light can be 50 μ Em ^-2s ^-1～10,000 μ Em ^-2s ^-1, 100 μ Em ^-2s ^-1～7,500 μ Em ^-2s ^-1Or 150 μ Em ^-2s ^-1～5,000 μ Em ^-2s ^-1

Intermittent transmission or the control light that can control light are transported to bio-reactor.The cycle of the intermittent transmission of light may also be referred to as the light regulating cycle.The intermittent transmission of light can be regular or irregular.Light can depend on the light emission from light source to the conveying of bio-reactor.For the intermittent transmission of the light of rule, frequency can be 0.05～2000Hz, 5～1000Hz or 10～500Hz.Light can be launched 1-95%, 5-90% or the 10-80% of total time.Light intensity is along with change of time can be described through the light intensity waveform.Said light intensity waveform can be leg-of-mutton, zigzag, quadrate, sinusoidal or any other required shape.

Can be used in bio-reactor transmission and divide the arrangement of one or more smooth conduction pathways of luminous intensity distribution to control the distribution of light through change.Said smooth conduction pathway can or with pattern compact configuration uniform or heterogeneous or further placed apart.

Optimize the method for growth conditions

Can optimize the growth of photosynthetic personal organism in the bio-reactor for many growth parameter(s)s.These growth parameter(s)s can comprise the growth velocity of ptotoautotroph body, total biomass of generation or biomass product, the cost of the biomass of generation or biomass product or its arbitrary combination.Optimum parameters can depend on the economics factor that biomass produce and utilize.Can and control bio-reactor and confirm top condition through the growth conditions in the monitoring bio reactor drum.

Growth conditions that can be monitored can be selected from pH, optical condition, gas condition, temperature, pressure, volume, biomass and biomass production concentration.Can use any method well known by persons skilled in the art that growth conditions is monitored.In some embodiments of the present invention, monitor growth conditions in real time.Can need not user's intervention and monitor growth conditions.

The parameter that can control bio-reactor is to optimize growth parameter(s), and the parameter that perhaps can control bio-reactor is to keep or to realize growth conditions.The growth optimization of the ptotoautotroph body of in bio-reactor, growing can comprise confirms one or more growth parameter(s)s; Confirm to be used to estimate the algorithm of these one or more growth parameter(s)s; One or more growth conditionss in the monitoring bio reactor drum; Determine whether to improve these one or more growth parameter(s)s, and change the bio-reactor parameter to optimize these one or more growth parameter(s)s.Growth parameter(s) can comprise any growth parameter(s) described herein; Or for example; With respect to the time or with respect to the biomass of the energy that offers light source or the speed of biomass product generation, cost or the biomass of generation or the amount of biomass product that biomass or biomass product produce.

Can controlled bio-reactor parameter can be selected from gas supply, heating or cooling, pressure, light supply or nutrition supplement.The bio-reactor parameter control can influence one or more growth parameter(s) described herein.

The increase of gas supply can increase the absorption of gas at the growth medium that is used for supporting the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.For example, increase the amount of carbonic acid gas supply can increasing ptotoautotroph body available carbonic acid gas.The increase of carbonic acid gas operability can improve the speed of ptotoautotroph body carbon fixation.

Can be provided to the amount of the gas of bio-reactor based on any growth parameter(s) optimization described herein.For example, the gas supply that is increased to bio-reactor causes that the raising of the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth speed of growing in the bio-reactor possibly hint can further increase the gas supply with further raising growth velocity.Otherwise, increase the gas supply and cause that growth velocity decline possibly hint that can reduce the gas supply has improved growth velocity.

In some embodiments, the carbonic acid gas supply of the form of change solid carbonate, water-based carbonic acid or gaseous carbon dioxide can influence the pH of growth medium.Through between the carbonic acid gas of these forms, selecting, can control the pH condition of bio-reactor.

Temperature can influence the growth of ptotoautotroph body.In some embodiments of the present invention, can improve or reduce temperature with the growth velocity that changes the ptotoautotroph body or any other growth conditions described herein.Under specific circumstances, improve the speed that temperature can improve or reduce the growth of ptotoautotroph body.In other cases, change the distribution that temperature can change the biomass product of generation.For example, reduce temperature and possibly cause forming lipid acid with higher or lower how unsaturated level.

Can control light source to reach effective growth of ptotoautotroph body.The control of light source can comprise control one or more wavelength light emitted or that be transported to bio-reactor, control light intensity light emitted or that be transported to bio-reactor and controls the conveying to bio-reactor of intermittent transmission or the light of light.

The one or more wavelength that comprise the light that the bio-reactor of the present invention of the container that is used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth can be through regulate arriving this container move with at least one or a plurality of wavelength of the light of the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth that provides support.One or more wavelength of the light of said this container of arrival can be corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of this ptotoautotroph body.

Can or select one or more wavelength based on growth parameter(s) optimization described herein.Can regulate said one or more wavelength for the output or the generation speed of biomass or one or more biomass products.In some embodiments of the present invention, can carry one or more wavelength of first group to be used for the production biomass, and can carry one or more wavelength of second group to be used for production biomass product.For example, the production biomass can be utilized one group of wavelength of 400-500nm, and growth biomass product can be 500-700nm.

Can control the amount of light light emitted or that be transported to bio-reactor.The amount of light can be 50 μ Em ^-2s ^-1～10,000 μ Em ^-2s ^-1, 100 μ Em ^-2s ^-1～7,500 μ Em ^-2s ^-1Or 150 μ Em ^-2s ^-1～5,000 μ Em ^-2s ^-1The amount that can regulate the light of conveying is the amount of the utilizable light of ptotoautotroph body so that flow to the amount of the light of ptotoautotroph body.

Intermittent transmission or the light that can control light to the conveying of bio-reactor to reach the optimum growh of ptotoautotroph body.The intermittent transmission of light can be regular or irregular.For the intermittent transmission of the light of rule, frequency can be 0.05～2000Hz, 5～1000Hz or 10～500Hz.Light can be launched in 1-95%, 5-90% or the 10-80% of total time.Light intensity can be described through the light intensity waveform over time.Said light intensity waveform can be leg-of-mutton, zigzag, quadrate, sine-shaped, sinusoidal or any other required shape.

Also can control the light supply through the arrangement that change is used in bio-reactor one or more smooth conduction pathways of transmission and distribute light.Said smooth conduction pathway can be with pattern compact configuration uniform or heterogeneous or further placed apart.The arrangement of said smooth conduction pathway can the distribution through light in the substratum that improves the ptotoautotroph body makes the concentration of the photosynthetic organism body cultivated improve.For example, in bio-reactor, arrange the light conduction pathway and can increase the concentration of the photosynthetic organism body that can in bio-reactor, grow so that the light conduction pathway more closely is close together.

Can along with time supervision be incorporated into the ptotoautotroph body in the bio-reactor with one or more light sources the growth characteristics curve and can be along with the time is regulated light source.Said growth characteristics curve can comprise the observed value of the concentration of ptotoautotroph body in the bio-reactor along with the time.Can be based on the one or more light sources of growth characteristics curve adjustment of ptotoautotroph body.Adjusting comprises the one or more wavelength that change light, changes the light intensity of emission, changes photoemissive pattern intermittently and/or changes the arrangement of one or more light sources.Said adjusting can be carried out so that the growth velocity maximization.

In another embodiment, can be incorporated into the amount of the biomass product of the ptotoautotroph body generation in the bio-reactor with one or more light sources along with time supervision, and can regulate light source along with the time.The biomass product can be any biomass product described herein.Can be based on the one or more light sources of growth characteristics curve adjustment of ptotoautotroph body.Adjusting comprises the one or more wavelength that change light, changes the light intensity of emission, changes photoemissive pattern intermittently and/or changes the arrangement of one or more light sources.Said adjusting can be carried out so that the throughput rate maximization of biomass product or biomass.

Can use a computer or use other electronic installation described herein to carry out the bio-reactor parameter control.Changing being provided with of bio-reactor parameter on computers can produce and be transported to the electronic signal of installing on the bio-reactor that can change the bio-reactor parameter.For example, making on computers that the gas supply is increased to the every bio-reactor volume of 5 volumes of gas can be so that the speed that controls to the valve of the gas supply actual speed rate of bio-reactor gas is provided rises to the every bio-reactor volume of 5 volumes of gas.

In some embodiments of the present invention, be used to grow the optimization of growth conditions of photosynthetic autotrophic organism consider to make it possible to respect to growth time, be used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth growth medium volume and/or offer bio-reactor or the energy of bio-reactor light source produces the biomass and the biomass product of specified quantitative.The optimization of growth conditions comprises conveying, nutrition conveying and other growth conditions described herein of optimizing light.

Use has the bio-reactor of the present invention of the growth conditions of optimization described herein, can produce every kJ and be transported to luminous energy in the bio-reactor and be not less than 100,10,1,0.1 or the biomass production efficiency of 0.01mg biomass.

Use has the bio-reactor of the present invention of the growth conditions of optimization described herein, can produce energy that every kJ offers light source and be not less than 50,5,0.5,0.05 or the biomass production efficiency of 0.005mg biomass.Can genetic modification being used to produce the ptotoautotroph body of biomass improves so that compare the photonic absorption ability with corresponding wild type ptotoautotroph body.Can improve so that compare biomass throughput by this ptotoautotroph body of genetic modification with corresponding wild type ptotoautotroph body.Can estimate throughput based on time, ultimate production or the energy that offers light source.Genetic modification can allow to use narrow light belt (for example, 5,10 or 15nm or littler) to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body.

In other embodiment of the present invention, can cultivate the ptotoautotroph body and surpass about 0.3,1,3,5,10,15,30,50,75,125,175 or the concentration of 200g biomass to every liter of substratum.Can grow into this biomass concentration in 50,40,30,20,15 or 10 hours being less than.The biomass concentration of every liter of substratum that the molar absorptivity that can be through using Bill-Lambert (Beer-Lambert) law, ptotoautotroph body and the light intensity of growth needs are confirmed to grow.Can carry out other hypothesis, the photosynthetic autotrophic organism layer of for example non-growth can need have the required intensity of growth near the light that light source formed and saw through the layer transmission of the photosynthetic autotrophic organism of non-growth.

The method of biomass collection

The present invention includes the method that is used for from the bio-reactor harvesting biomass, comprise and use the biomass collection device.Said biomass can be the ptotoautotroph bodies.Said biomass collection device can be fixed to framework or be fixed on the bio-reactor.In some embodiments of the present invention, said biomass collection device is fixed on the container of bio-reactor.Said method can comprise utilizes the biomass collection device that the growth medium of ptotoautotroph body with the photosynthetic autotrophic organism that is used to grow separated.Said biomass collection device can comprise the removable unit of preferentially catching the ptotoautotroph body.Said removable unit can start, so that removable unit is along the length translation of container, the biomass of ptotoautotroph bodily form formula are concentrated on the removable unitary side to form the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body thus.Can catch perforated material or this removable unit of reticulattion formation of ptotoautotroph body with being used for selectivity.Said bio-reactor also can comprise the results mouth that is used for gathering in the crops from this bio-reactor the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body.Said results mouth can extend along the length of container.The results of biomass can be carried out being less than in 3,2,1,0.5,0.25 or 0.1 hours.

Starting this removable unit can be undertaken or used the unit on the biomass collection device to carry out by computer remote ground.Through removable unitary translation, can on this removable unitary side, concentrate the ptotoautotroph body.Said removable unit can translation less than 98%, 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40% or 30% distance of bio-reactor length.Can drive this removable unitary moving through worm drive or cable.Can use any method well known by persons skilled in the art to realize said worm drive or cable.

Can dispose this removable unit so that the original concentration of ptotoautotroph body before can simmer down to removable unit translation about 1～15,1.2～10 or 1.5～5 times to form the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body.Said ptotoautotroph body can be concentrated to that the ptotoautotroph body that is suspended in the growth medium still is suspended in the growth medium and can be through spissated ptotoautotroph liquid solution is pumped the degree that this bio-reactor is gathered in the crops.

The solution of said spissated ptotoautotroph body can randomly be loaded in the stock chest.Said stock chest can be used for through gravity the ptotoautotroph body being separated with growth medium to form the solution of further spissated ptotoautotroph body.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the solution of solution or spissated ptotoautotroph body that can handle said further spissated ptotoautotroph body is to reclaim the biomass product.Said biomass product can be any biomass product described herein.Said biomass product can be liquid biomass product, for example oil or direct combustion vegetables oil, and said biomass can be algae.

Hydraulic ram press can be used to reclaim the biomass product.Said hydraulic ram press can comprise the pressure-driven plate that abuts against the permeable material briquetting biomass.Said permeable material can comprise that permission growth medium or other liquid component overflow and a plurality of holes of solid retained biomass.Said hole can be allow to keep to surpass 95%, 90%, 85%, 80% or 75% biomass and remove and surpass 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% the growth medium and the size of liquid component.Can growth medium and liquid bio matter be collected in the stock chest.If liquid bio matter product and growth medium can not be miscible, so can be easily this liquid bio matter product be separated with growth medium through decant or suction growth medium or liquid bio matter product.Can growth medium (comprising water) be turned back in the bio-reactor.Can isolating growth medium in the stock chest be turned back in the bio-reactor.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas of discharge bio-reactor possibly comprise the biomass product.Offer the untapped gas of bio-reactor or the gas of ptotoautotroph body generation and can discharge bio-reactors through one or more outlets.Reducing valve or any other valve can be controlled pressure and the speed of gas discharge bio-reactor in the bio-reactor.The gas of discharging reactor drum can compress or directly use.

Use the method for biomass

Extract in the biomass of the ptotoautotroph body that various biomass products can be grown from be derived from bio-reactor described herein.For example, the biomass product can be selected from press cake, oil, vegetables oil, omega 3-fatty acid, triacyl glycerol, docosahexenoic acid, amino acid, small molecules, inhibitor, organic dye, isoprenoid, carrotenoid, VITAMINs, hormone, glucide, protein, gas.These biomass products can use in multiple application.Following embodiment only provides and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention with by way of example.

Press cake can be as the source of combustible biological material.Can burn press cake with formation carbonic acid gas and water, and the gas that forms can be used for the growth of ptotoautotroph body in being used in bio-reactor.

Oil (for example vegetables oil) can be used as biofuel, combustible biological material or be used for culinary application.Can use any method this vegetables oil of processing well known by persons skilled in the art or do not carry out any further processing and use.

Amino acid can be used or use in biotherapy is used at nutritive food.The amino acid that produces can comprise L-Ala, halfcystine, aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, phenylalanine(Phe), glycocoll, Histidine, Serine, Xie Ansuan and tyrosine.Said amino acid can be hydrophilic or hydrophobic.

Amino acid and small molecules can be used as sequestrant.Sequestrant can be used for keeping (suspend) metal, heavy metal and/or radioisotopic biotherapy.The chelating amino acids agent can be YD 30 (EDTA).The small molecules sequestrant can comprise alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and/or amino-benzene oxygen ethane tetraacethyl (BAPTA).

Biomass product (like VITAMINs or hormone) can use in nutritive food is used.VITAMINs can comprise xitix and vitamin E.Vitamin E is also referred to as Viteolin and/or tocotrienols (tocutrienol).Hormone can comprise melatonon.

Organic dye can comprise chlorophyll, Serlabo and Quercetin.Organic dye can be as the pigment that material is coloured to labelled reagent.

The glucide that extracts from biomass can comprise glucose, Mierocrystalline cellulose or starch.Said glucide can be as the energy derive of other biology growing, as nutritive food, is used in the culinary application or in the application of any other type of using glucide.

The protein that extracts from biomass can comprise diphosphoribulose carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO) and/or acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase).ACCase participation malonyl-CoA also can help to improve lipid acid output to the conversion of acetyl CoA carboxylase.

Can collect the gas (oxygen or any other gas that for example untapped carbonic acid gas, ptotoautotroph body produce) of discharging bio-reactor and in other process, use.Selectively, can catch the oxygen that the ptotoautotroph body of growing in the bio-reactor produces and be used in the limited environment of amount of oxygen, for example terrestrial environment, extraterrestrial environment or the water surrounding of sealing.The oxygen that the ptotoautotroph body of growth produces in the collection of biological reactor drum also uses this gas can reduce the chance of introducing pollutent from other environment source.

Method of the present invention comprises that also the biomass of utilizing after burning are used for the growth of organism as nutrition or fertilizer.For example, waste gas (for example carbonic acid gas, nitrogen oxide and oxysulfide) can be transported to the growth that bio-reactor is used for the ptotoautotroph body.Selectively, the biomass after the burning of solid form can be as the fertilizer of plant or other biology growing.

The invention provides and use the energy-producing method of production facility, comprising: cultivate the ptotoautotroph body at the bio-reactor that is used for production biomass or biomass product; Use power generating equipment to produce from biomass or biomass product; And electricity and carbonic acid gas are offered bio-reactor be used for production biomass and biomass product.

In other embodiment of the present invention, the methane gas that produces through digestion or fermentation of biomass of can burning is to produce carbonic acid gas.Can this carbonic acid gas be offered the growth that bio-reactor of the present invention is used for the ptotoautotroph body.Biomass digestion or fermentation can be used as agricultural fertilizer.

Embodiment 1: photoelectric panel provides the bio-reactor of energy

Fig. 6 demonstration is arranged in the bioreactor system on the cushion block 281.Said bioreactor system can comprise bio-reactor 294 and solar photoelectric panel array 282, and this solar photoelectric panel produced the electricity that directly uses and gives the battery storage that has unit 283 chargings in the time that daylight is arranged.Said electricity can be used to energy to the bioreactor system here and all elements wherein is provided.Said bio-reactor can comprise the photogen that is used for light is offered the ptotoautotroph body that one or more containers of being grown in bio-reactor grow.The computingmachine of the computer-controlled program that interconnects and be equipped with this bioreactor system of control of described one or more container, photogen, all electricity can be contained in the shell.Oxygen air outlet 293 can be used for discharging unabsorbed G&O from bio-reactor.

The cultivation foundation trench 286 that comprises growth medium and autotrophy species to be cultivated can be installed on the cushion block.Transfer valve 291 and output channel and pump 287 are used in cultivates transfer of material between foundation trench and this one or more containers.One or more unstripped gases can be contained in the conduit 285 and the pressurized vessel 284 of reception from the transfer valve 290 of one or more gases of external source that has delivery valve and lead to bio-reactor 294.

Embodiment 2: the energy cycle that is used to use sun power generate energy and biomass product

Table 7 shows the energy cycle that is used to produce rechargeable energy.Nature is selected mineral fuel are isolated in the earth 265.Coal 266, oil 267 and Sweet natural gas 268 are used to chemical fuel in the world and have increased the concentration of carbonic acid gas 253 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere 264.The outer carbon (for example coal, oil and gas) of atmosphere can use renewable energy source (biological example matter 258) to replace.Biomass 258 can be used the method 257 of utilizing the photosynthetic process of optimizing in the bio-reactor and produce.Photosynthetic process nutrition 255 capable of using, water 254 and light 252.The ptotoautotroph body can use photosynthetic process 258 growths of optimization and can process and obtain oil 259, protein, glucide, amino acid, dyestuff and other organic cpds 260, and press cake 261.Said press cake can be used as animal-feed or in the power generating equipment that burns coal, burns as fuel substitute.This press cake fuel 261 can burn and as the gas raw material of bio-reactor.Said ptotoautotroph body can be that growth is to produce the algae of direct combustion vegetables oil and press cake.

The sun can produce and directly or indirectly be used for photosynthetic light 252.Can will become electricity to be used for then energy being provided from the phototransformation of the sun through the solar photoelectric panel to source of artificial light.Can use this electric energy directly or indirectly.In some cases, the electricity that is produced by photoelectric panel is used for to the battery storage bulk charging, and this battery storage provides energy to make valve, pump, transmitter, indicating meter and be used for photosynthetic source of artificial light operation when needed.The present invention is a kind of total solution that the biofuel of pollution abatement and neutral carbon is provided.

Embodiment 3: the spectrum of the diode emission that emits white light

Fig. 8 shows the spectral distribution of the diode that emits white light.Z-axis 111 is number of photons or relative luminous intensity.Transverse axis 112 is represented wavelength.300nm is represented in position 113, and it is that photosynthesis can be used the radiating lower limit.The about 800nm of position 114 representatives.The spectrum 117 of the diode that emits white light drops between position 115 and 116, and it is between position 113 and 114.

The temperature of the sun is approximately 5,774 Kelvins.The diode that emits white light has the distribution spectrum near the blackbody radiator of 6,000 degree Kelvins.The diode that emits white light can mate the natural blackbody radiation of the sun.

Embodiment 4: the embodiment of bio-reactor

Figure 18 shows that the cultivation that has control and optimize specific ptotoautotroph body is to make the bio-reactor 31 of the maximized device of growth in the shortest time.Growth cycle can be through computingmachine 63 and computer program 64 controls described herein, and it is interconnection with bio-reactor with the cable that is fit to 60 that is connected with bio-reactor 31 through the port (for example the RS232 junctor 59) that is fit to via serial port 61.This bioreactor configurations is to make it possible to control be provided for driving the photosynthetic light in the bio-reactor 31.

Aqueous medium can enter in the bio-reactor 31 through path post 33.The substratum of can pre-mixing forming by water, nutrition and ptotoautotroph body.The input of transfer valve 34 control water, nutrition and ptotoautotroph bodies.Delivery valve 37 provides discharging the adjusting of substratum through discharging post 36.Through computingmachine and computer program control transfer valve 34 and delivery valve 37.The energy that offers all elements produces from the solar photoelectric panel.

Light emitting diode matrix 40 and 39 is respectively through transparent sidewall 41 and 32 irradiating biological reactor drums 31.Said light emitting diode matrix can comprise one or more photodiodes 42,43,44,45,46,47.Said photodiode emission is selected from the photon that wavelength region is one or more wavelength of 300～700nm.The group of the photodiode of analog material is wired connection in array 39 and 40, thereby is provided at the single string array of energy supply under the order of controlling the computer software 64 of the production cycle of ptotoautotroph body in the bio-reactor.

Sensor element 56 is the top floatswitch, shows that when being activated bio-reactor 31 containers are full of substratum.

Also by the CO of computer program control ₂The gas that transfer valve 50 is regulated input is so that be diffused in the substratum that is included in the bio-reactor 31.Gas sparger 48 extends on the length of bio-reactor 31 bottoms and is installed with many apertures along the length and the width of bubbling whisking appliance.When the input gas pressurization, these apertures produce little bubble.

The gas of said input can be to be used for air, waste gas, the CO that the ptotoautotroph body consumes ₂CO with other source ₂Gas.Microvesicle that produces through perforation in the said gas sparger 48 or small bubbles produce the taper microturbulence, and it mixes the ptotoautotroph body and improve contacting of light that ptotoautotroph body and photodiode 39 and 40 launch, stimulates photosynthesis thus.

Said sensor element also can be temperature and the pH transmitter that connects computingmachine 63 via being electrically connected.Transmitter 58 is lower floatswitches.When transmitter 58 cuts out, signal and close relief outlet 37 to computer program.In this configuration, the part substratum in the bio-reactor is retained in the bio-reactor 31 with the seed as the next production cycle after the production cycle finishes.

Bio-reactor 31 disclosed herein can use any method well known by persons skilled in the art to make up, and can use a computer or any other method well known by persons skilled in the art control.The principal element of the life cycle through control ptotoautotroph body, said bio-reactor provides the higher practicality above the prior art level.These factors comprise substratum, light conveying, temperature, pH and gas supply.The control all of these factors taken together is to make the maximize production of ptotoautotroph body through the optimization photosynthetic activity.

Said software can place on the Mobile Software medium 62 and can customize the growth that is used for one or more ptotoautotroph bodies.Said bio-reactor is an adjustable with the general-purpose platform of the production of optimizing any ptotoautotroph body.For the actual production of ptotoautotroph body biomass under the technical scale, said bio-reactor provides new and important function.

Embodiment 5: the bio-reactor with a plurality of containers and a plurality of external light sources

Figure 19 shows another embodiment of the bio-reactor with bioreactor vessel array.Said bioreactor vessel array comprises a plurality of containers 239 and a plurality of external light sources 235.Shell 231 can hold these a plurality of containers and external light source and can control the heat condition of the container that holds the growth medium that is used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.Gas can offer container and through water and the nutrition 236 intussusception growth substratum that enter the mouth via gas inlet 238.Can be through the ptotoautotroph body of growing in relief outlet 237 results growth mediums and the bio-reactor.

As described herein, transmitter and valve are interconnection to RS232 serial port 243.Be provided for the energy (using sun power to produce) of photodiode through attaching plug 244.Can regulate and control this energy through computer program.

Can be positioned at the equilibrium temperature that container 239 is regulated in the air outlet of top and the bottom of shell 231 through opening and closing.Well known by persons skilled in the artly can be used as temperature controlled universal means through introducing active temperature control device cold or warm air.The heat that temperature controlled device can combine external light source 235 to produce.

Embodiment 6: the bio-reactor with array of source

Figure 20 demonstration comprises optical arrays and the synoptic diagram of the bio-reactor of the container of the photosynthetic autotrophic organism that is used to grow.Said container 2 comprises any material well known by persons skilled in the art, for example high density polyethylene(HDPE), plastics or glass.Said material has suitable intensity and is chemically neutral for the cultivation of ptotoautotroph body.Said bio-reactor comprises: input post 3, and its other nutrition that is used for carrying liquid and necessity is to introduce bio-reactor with growth medium; With output post 5, it is used to remove ptotoautotroph body and growth medium.Input column valve 4 and the flow of output post 6 controls through the import and export post.Valve through the electrical connection between valve and the computingmachine by computer control.Said bio-reactor further comprises by glass, resin glass or the transmission known in the art optically transparent side member 7,8 that constitutes of other suitable material of the light of 300nm～700nm scope at least.The photon of this scope of transmission allows one or more wavelength transmission of one or more light sources 10,11,12,14,15,16 emissions on the array of source 9,13 to give bio-reactor.Select these one or more wavelength so that the growth maximization of ptotoautotroph body.

Said array of source provides controlled wavelength spectrum to shine on the selected ptotoautotroph body that needs to cultivate.Said one or more light source is same to each other or different to each other.Said one or more light source also can be launched the wavelength and the light intensity of certain limit through computer control.

The gas supply of bio-reactor offers input aperture 19 and via connecting tube or conduit 18 chargings, gets into bio-reactor via gas sparger 17 then.Said gas sparger comprises and can gas distribution be arrived a plurality of apertures of the diameter of growth medium less than 0.5cm with microvesicle.When pressurization, said aperture produces the chamber 2 of rising through bio-reactor and one or more gaseous diffusion that will the import microvesicle in the substratum that wherein comprises 27.Said microvesicle produces additional effectiveness, promptly in substratum, produces the turbulent flow and the microturbulence of taper, thereby effectively substratum 27 is mixed and increase the contacting of light of the ptotoautotroph body of growing in the bio-reactor and one or more wavelength.

Said bio-reactor comprises the exhaust post 25 and gas delivery port 26 with optional transmitter.The gas of discharging bio-reactor comprises oxygen and from unabsorbed one or more gases of input aperture 19.These gases are discharged or are shifted for other purpose, and for example oxygen extracts.

Said bio-reactor comprises the float switch 20 and following floatswitch 23 that is used for confirming the volume of liquid in the bio-reactor; Be used for the electric connector 24 (for example RS232 junctor or ethernet connector) of communicating by letter, be used to measure the sensor array 21 of temperature, pH, optical condition and pressure with the electronic hardware of bio-reactor.Said sensor array can be installed on the wall of bio-reactor.Float switch 20 can be used for confirming high-order volume and descends floatswitch 23 to can be used for confirming the low level volume.

Embodiment 7: configuration is used for the embodiment of the bio-reactor of external light source

Figure 21 shows the bio-reactor 202 that uses material known in the art (for example high density polyethylene(HDPE)) or other materials (for example other plastics) to make.Because the width of bio-reactor surpasses the degree of depth, this bio-reactor is molded with interior groove or is used to guide or fixes other known devices of transparent sidewall 218.The transparent sidewall of offside does not illustrate.

Said transparent sidewall 218 can be processed by glass or resin glass or other known materials.Said bio-reactor is equipped with input post 203 and connects controlled valve 204 comprises the ptotoautotroph body of growth medium and starting point concentration with adjusting aqueous medium mobile.The bottom of said bio-reactor 202 is equipped with provides the discharge of substratum discharge path post 215.Regulate the discharge of substratum through connecting the controlled valve 216 of discharging post 215.

Compare with the ptotoautotroph body of starting point concentration, the substratum of discharge has the ptotoautotroph bulk concentration of the aqueous solution of higher per unit volume.Figure 21 shows that connection is used for gas is offered the gas inlet pipe road 212 of the gas input port 214 of bio-reactor.Controlled valve 213 can connect gas inlet pipe road 212 to be adjusted to the air-flow of gas sparger 211.

Said bio-reactor 202 is equipped with in the upper end discharges gas outlet 219.This air outlet 219 can be passive or active.One or more gases that said air outlet can be used to discharge excess of oxygen (it is photosynthetic by product) and do not used by the ptotoautotroph body.Reducing valve is also served as with the control internal pressure in air outlet 219.

Can be through computingmachine described herein and computer-controlled program control bio-reactor.The parts of bio-reactor (comprising float switch 206, temperature probe 207, pH transmitter, optical pickocff 208, floatswitch and valve control 204,213,216 down) are connected to suitable serial port RS232 junctor 211 and are used for through computer monitoring and control bio-reactor growth conditions.

Said bio-reactor 202 can provide the states feedback instrument as the tolerance of whole hope of the function of time (for example temperature, pH and yield of biomass).This makes it possible to select the wavelength of the hope that light emitting diode matrix produces.Said bio-reactor can provide energy by the electricity of conversion of solar energy.Said electric energy can store in the rechargeable cell that energy is provided when needed.

Said bio-reactor 202 can be made respectively with light emitting diode matrix.Security when this can improve the assembling bio-reactor.The support guide 220 that is used to support light emitting diode matrix can be installed in bio-reactor 202.Said light emitting diode matrix can slide into or skid off this support guide.

Embodiment 8: the bio-reactor with computer-controlled smooth conduction pathway

Figure 22 show have be used to produce, control and the light of the known wavelength that distributes, time length and intensity so that the sectional view of the bio-reactor of the maximized optoelectronic equipment of growth of ptotoautotroph body.

Said bio-reactor can pass through computer system control.Said computer system comprise software with 200 the hardware of being connected of valve 198,213,208, transmitter 216,223 and the light source 228 of bio-reactor.Other growth conditions of bio-reactor also can monitored and control to computer hardware and software 204.Said system can provide energy by electric energy through positive and negative lead 201,202.One in the said lead can ground connection 203.

The light that photodiode 228 produces can direct light conduction pathway 230 the bottom.The light 220 that propagation is passed light conduction pathway 230 and arrived the edge of light conduction pathway is absorbed, reflects or launches.Light can be transferred to the inside 222 of bio-reactor, therefore stimulates the growth of ptotoautotroph body.Said bio-reactor has the interior reflective surface 219 that is used to hold the light in the bio-reactor.

All active components (for example valve 198,208,213) and the real time sensor (for example, floatswitch 223,216) of said computer system 204 control bio-reactors.

Open transfer valve 198 with growth medium and ptotoautotroph body filled biomass reactor drum.When liquid level surpasses when being positioned at the float switch 223 of liquid level, said float switch opens and transfer valve 198 cuts out.Close transfer valve 198 triggering softwares and produce light 220 to start light emitting diode matrix 228.This light can use any method described herein to carry.

With waste gas, CO ₂, NO _X, SO _XBe incorporated into bio-reactor with other gas through being controlled under the pressure of gas input port 212 of air valve 213, and be dispersed in the growth medium through gas sparger 214.Through photosynthesis, the ptotoautotroph body of in bio-reactor, growing produces oxygen.Excess of oxygen discharges through pneumatic outlet 197 with other unabsorbed gases.

After the competent time, light emitting diode matrix 228 is closed and that the ptotoautotroph body is exposed to completely is dark.If light is transported to bio-reactor with the form of intermittent pulse, then can omit this step.During growth ending, delivery valve 208 is opened with results ptotoautotroph body and is used gravity emptying bio-reactor.When liquid level drops to liquid level 232 when following, following floatswitch cuts out and makes delivery valve 208 cut out.

Embodiment 9: the bio-reactor with container of band reflecting wall and interior lights conduction pathway

Figure 23 shows another embodiment of bio-reactor 265.262 be used for accurately providing energy and control to be used for liquid, gas, the management of solid mass transfer volume with the voltage of the negative lead-in wire 263 of ground connection 264 and be used for the radiating sequence electrical load of the present invention that autotrophic organism is cultivated because striding just goes between, appliance computer system 261 with control transmitted reproducible.

Shown in figure 23, bioreactor vessel 265 comprises the light conduction pathway and by the lead-in wire that is derived from computer system 261 267 control and the light source 266 of energy is provided.Said light source transports light to the inside of bioreactor vessel 265 to stimulate the growth of photosynthetic organism body (group that comprises diatom, autotrophic organism, photoautotroph, chemo-autotroph, heterotroph or any photosynthetic species or species).Float switch 269 and down horizontal floatswitch 291 through transmission and power line 270 to their state of the computer system indication liquid level in the indicator organism reactor drum 265 thus also.

Said bioreactor vessel 265 has water and nutrition transfer valve 271, and it allows water, nutrition and ptotoautotroph body to get into this bioreactor vessel 265.Output channel 277 ends at delivery valve 278, and it is also by computer control.Give waste gas, CO ₂, air or other gas pressurization and make it pass through gas input valve 276 to get into containers 265.Open air valve 276 give 274 pressurizations of bubbling whisking appliance and gas 292 bubbles through bio-reactor 265 upwards with bio-reactor 293 in the ptotoautotroph body of growth interact.

The internal surface of bio-reactor 265 scribbles reflecting material 268, thereby makes the photon reflection on the inwall that impinges upon bio-reactor 265 return in this bio-reactor.

Bio-reactor described herein can be arranged in the bio-reactor subarray shown in figure 33.Can connect this bio-reactor so that the import and export fluid of bio-reactor connects.Growth in the bio-reactor subarray can make the ptotoautotroph height imitate growth.

Shown in figure 34, can arrange the bio-reactor subarray to form the array of bio-reactor.With the homotaxy of bio-reactor in the subarray, the import and export of subarray can connect by fluid.

Embodiment 10: the embodiment of the assembly of light conduction pathway and gas bubbling device

Figure 30 shows can be assembled and use or immerse the embodiment of the light conduction pathway assembly of any water body (for example pond, lake or reservoir) that is used for the ptotoautotroph bulk-growth with the container of any kind.Said assembly can comprise the external frame that can be used for supporting optical system, electrical system, system, gas bubble systems and biomass collection device.Said optical system can comprise one or more smooth conduction pathways and one or more light source.Said one or more light source can be a LED light, its position with photoconduction to these one or more smooth conduction pathways.Said electrical system can comprise power supply and the electric wire that is used for providing energy to bio-reactor.Said system can be SCADA system described herein or any other system that is used to monitor and control the bio-reactor growth conditions.Said system also can comprise any monitoring described herein and gear.Said gas bubble systems can comprise gas input port (for example carbonic acid gas supply opening) and place one or more radial canals of the base portion of light conduction pathway.Gas can from this radial canal spray and growth medium the outside surface near the light conduction pathway move up.Said biomass collection device can comprise riser or removable unit, and it can be used for being concentrated in the ptotoautotroph body of growing in the bio-reactor of the assembly that utilizes the light conduction pathway and is used for the clear light conduction pathway.Said riser or removable unit can drive through one or more worm drive of being supported by external frame.

Figure 31 shows does not have the assembly described among Figure 30 of external frame.

Embodiment 11: the step of control bioreactor processes

Figure 32 shows the sequence of steps that is used to control bio-reactor.Can control through the computingmachine 258 that utilizes the software program that to write with Fortran, C+++ or any other known programming language.

Open delivery valve on the bio-reactor (by the open expression of the Vo among Figure 32), and emptying is with or without the growth medium of ptotoautotroph body from bio-reactor.In case emptying growth medium, and liquid level drops to the below horizontal of floatswitch, following floatswitch close 236 and cause that delivery valve 237 cuts out.This move causes that transfer valve opens 238 and stay open the water surface in reactor drum and rise to more than the float switch and trigger float switch opens 239.

This cause transfer valve close 240 with gas input valve open 241.Gas (for example carbonic acid gas) bubbles through the growth medium in the bio-reactor.Through computer installation 242 these gas input valves of control.Simultaneously, light emitting diode matrix or other light source be activated 243 and by computer software be provided with 244 control.The supply of light can be controlled as described herein.

Can and monitor timing register through computingmachine 246 settings 245.Growth conditions is monitored 247 and send computingmachine 248 to.

After required time 246 or reach after the required growth conditions, stop energy 250 being provided to photodiode.Set the timing register 251 in dark period and monitor 25 through computingmachine 2.At this moment, the gas input can convert air into from carbonic acid gas.After for some time, can reach the time limit 253 and can turn off gas supply 254.Delivery valve can open 255 to remove the growth medium that comprises the ptotoautotroph body.In case floatswitch cuts out down, can repeat this circulation.

Embodiment 12: the growth cycle of ptotoautotroph body

Figure 35 is the figure of the typical growth characteristic curve of given ptotoautotroph body.This figure shows that the biomass concentration 131 and the transverse axis of ptotoautotroph body that Z-axis is defined as the gram number of every ml water is the growth velocity of the autotrophic organism of time 132.

Data point 134,135,136,138 and 139 is along with the time gathers and drawing, thus demonstration growth characteristics curve.The growth velocity of point 135 place's ptotoautotroph bodies is maximum and put the 139 places maximum of always growing.The growth characteristics point of inflexion on a curve appears at a little 137 places.

The point of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth depends on the cost basis of appositional growth.In some cases, be best at point 135,137 or 139 place's harvesting biomass.In some cases, consider the time of production cycle.

Embodiment 13: two growth characteristics curves that are used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body

Figure 36 shows the figure of two growth characteristics curves of under two kinds of varying photonic intensities levels, growing corresponding to the ptotoautotroph body.The concentration of the ptotoautotroph body of the gram number form formula of the every mL aqueous solution of Z-axis 131 expressions, and transverse axis 132 is the time.Shown two growth characteristics curves 133,134, wherein growth characteristics curve 134 is corresponding to the ptotoautotroph body of under the light intensity higher than growth characteristics curve 133, growing.Like what seen by data point 137 and 136, growth characteristics curve 134 shows the ptotoautotroph bulk concentration higher than 133 in the given time.

Embodiment 14: the embodiment that is used to produce the production facility of electricity and biomass

Figure 37 shows the system implementation example that is used to use four the parallel bio-reactor 22-25 generation electricity with combustion unit.Said system comprises four bio-reactor 22-25, biomass extractor 33, combustion unit 39 and steam turbine 40.The parts of said system are listed as follows: water inlet 26; Water and nutrition control pump and valve 27; Be used for moisture is fitted on the pipeline 29 of four bio-reactors; Be used for carrying the pipeline 30 of growing at bio-reactor and be suspended in the ptotoautotroph body in the growth medium; Be used for being contained in the slurry groove 31 of the ptotoautotroph body that bio-reactor grows; Be used to control pipeline and the valve 32 that this slurry is transferred to hydraulic ram press; Be used for from the hydraulic ram press 33 of ptotoautotroph body extracting liq (for example direct combustion vegetables oil); Be used to separate the separator tank 34 of immiscible liquid (for example oil and water); Be used for removing the pump 35 of direct combustion vegetables oil or other biomass product from this separator tank; Be used for removing the transfer device 36 of press cake from liquid head; Be used for evaporating the moisture eliminator 37 of the liquid that carries from press cake; The fuel hopper 38 that is used for the press cake of storing and drying; The combustion unit 39 of dry press cake and other biomass is used to burn; Be used for producing the steam turbine 40 of electricity from the heat energy that combustion unit produces; Can be used for being collected in the condensing surface 41 of the steam that produces in the process that produces electricity; Be used for the heat exchanger of the untapped thermal conductance of steam turbine to other process (biological example reactor drum) of needs heat; Be used for collecting the carbonic acid gas that the combustion processes of press cake and other biomass produces and the compressor 43 of other waste gas; Be used to store press cake and the carbonic acid gas of other biomass combustion generation and the storage or saving jar 44 of other waste gas; Be used to deliver air to the air input 59 of combustion unit and bio-reactor; Be used to prepare the air preparation facilities 45 (for example air filter and air input module) that delivers gas to bio-reactor; Be used for controlling the valve 46 that carbonic acid gas and air join the ratio of bio-reactor; Be used for controlling the reducing valve 47 of bio-reactor gaseous tension; The bubbling manifold 48 that in each of four bio-reactors, is used for delivering gas; Be used to carry the electroconductive 49 of the electricity that produces by steam turbine; Be used to regulate the X-former 50 of electricity; Be used for removing the device 51 of ash content from combustion unit; Be used to hold water and nutraceutical pre-mixing groove 54; Ash content is transferred to the device 52 of pre-mixing groove; Be used to remove water and be transported to the port 53 on the separator tank 34 of pre-mixing groove; Be used for light is transported to the array of source 56 of bio-reactor; Be used for the hardware 58 that the electrical connection 57 of energy is provided and is used for electricity is transported to electrical connection to this array of source.

In some embodiments of the present invention, said steam turbine can be demarcated the continuous output into 400kW, and said combustion unit can burn one ton/hour.Heat that produces or excessive heat can pass through whole bio-reactor and carry to be used for other process.For example, the heat from condensing surface can be used by vaporizer.The biomass product can be used for any purpose described herein.

Embodiment 15: the extraction of the growth of ptotoautotroph body and results and biomass product

Figure 38 has shown the order that is used for extracting at the photosynthetic autotrophic organism of bio-reactor growth, results ptotoautotroph body with from the ptotoautotroph body biomass product to Figure 46.

Figure 38 shows bioreactor vessel 1, and it comprises light conduction pathway 2, gas sparger 3, gas input port 4, water and nutrition input aperture 5, results mouth 6, stock chest 7, biomass extractor 8, separator tank 9, reclaims the removable unit 16 of joint 13, water input 14 and biomass collection device.Said smooth conduction pathway can be used for distributing from the light of one or more light sources and being transferred in the bio-reactor.Said biomass extractor can be a briquetting biomass with product liquid and solid biomass 12 isolating liquid heads.The product liquid that can comprise two kinds of immiscible fluids can further separate in separator tank.Said two kinds of immiscible liquid can be waterborne liquid and non-aqueous liquid.Said non-aqueous liquid can comprise oil or direct combustion vegetables oil.Said waterborne liquid can be a part lower in the separator tank 11, and said non-aqueous liquid can be a part higher in the separator tank 10.The specific density of these two kinds of liquid possibly depended in the position of waterborne liquid and non-aqueous liquid.

The removable unit 16 of the bio-reactor of the position that the position that Figure 39 demonstration is in respect to show among Figure 38 is lower.

Figure 40 is presented at the removable unit 16 of the bio-reactor of extreme lower position.Removable unit is being reduced to the position that Figure 39 shows from the position that Figure 38 shows, in the process of the position that shows in Figure 40 again, can is providing water and nutrition with the formation growth medium through water and nutrition input aperture 5.

Figure 41 shows that photosynthetic autotrophic organism 17 can be inoculated in the growth medium.Water and nutrition supplement can stop and gas (for example carbonic acid gas) can pass through gas input port 4 supply.Can provide energy light to be provided to optical arrays to light conduction pathway 2.

After the required amount of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth, can gather in the crops the ptotoautotroph body.Figure 42 shows the overview of collection process.Be supplied to the gas of bio-reactor can change only air supply into and the removable unit 16 that can raise so that the ptotoautotroph body is concentrated in removable unitary upside.Removable unitary moving also can be used the cleaning element clear light conduction pathway that is connected on the removable unit.

As shown in Figure 43, in case removable unit arrives the extreme higher position, the ptotoautotroph body is concentrated in removable unitary upside, thereby forms the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body.Part ptotoautotroph body can be retained in the bio-reactor with the seed as next round ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

As shown in Figure 44, said spissated ptotoautotroph body (it is suspended in the growth medium) can be through results mouthful 6 results.Can said spissated ptotoautotroph body be transferred to stock chest 7 with sedimentation ptotoautotroph body.Said stock chest can be used for based on gravity the ptotoautotroph body being separated with growth medium to form the solution of further spissated ptotoautotroph body.The growth medium that reclaims can be recovered in the bio-reactor.

As shown in Figure 45, can the further enriching soln of said ptotoautotroph body be transferred in the biomass extractor 17.Known by one of skill in the art any process for extracting can separate into liquid and solid biomass product with the ptotoautotroph body.Simultaneously, can reduce removable unit 16.

Shown in figure 46, can liquid bio matter product be transferred to separator tank to separate water-based and non-aqueous liquid biomass product.Said water-based biomass product can be diluted in not formerly in the step with the isolating growth medium of ptotoautotroph body in.In some embodiments of the present invention, the growth medium of behind extraction biomass product, collecting turns back to bio-reactor.

Embodiment 16: the embodiment of the assembly of light conduction pathway and gas bubbling device

Figure 47 shows the system implementation example that comprises the bio-reactor 1 with biomass collection device 18 and comprise the biomass processes system of stock chest 8, biomass extractor 9 and separator tank 1.The optional feature of said system comprises water and nutrition inlet 2, led array and light conduction pathway 3, CO ₂With air bubbling inlet 4, internal volume 5, outlet valve 6, outlet conduit, pump 13, input channel 14 and power supply 15.

Said bio-reactor can have about 20 * 20 * 40 feet size.The TV of bio-reactor can be about 12,800 cubic feet.Said water and nutrition inlet can be used for growth medium is offered bio-reactor.Said led array and light conduction pathway can be used for carrying the photosynthesis of the ptotoautotroph body that light and stimulating organism reactor drum grow.In about 20 hours, the ptotoautotroph body can have the concentration that doubles at least.Can use biomass collection device described herein to gather in the crops said ptotoautotroph body.Said biomass collection device can concentrate at least 50% ptotoautotroph body on the side at the biomass collection device in corresponding to 20% volume of bio-reactor at the most, thereby forms the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body.Said outlet valve can allow the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body is transported to stock chest, and said biomass extractor can be used for from ptotoautotroph body extracting liq biomass product for example oil, press cake and other biomass product.Can liquid bio matter product and growth medium be transported to from the biomass extractor and be used for water-based biomass product and growth medium 10 and non-aqueous biomass product 11 isolating separator tanks.Said pump 13 is used for the isolating growth medium of separator tank is turned back to bio-reactor.Said filter cake can burn to use generator to produce electric energy.

Energy requirement is possible as follows: energy-10kW * 20h=200kWh is provided for led array and the parts that are used for supplying nutrients thing/gas at growing period; Energy-40kW * 20h=800kWh is provided for other parts at growing period; Only supply provides energy-10kW * 4h=40kWh to air between harvesting time; To biomass energy-40kW * 2h=80kWh is provided; From separator tank stripping oil-5kW * 2h=10kWh, pump 20% growth medium-5kW * 4h=20kWh of bio-reactor volume with the replacement loss.Total energy consumption possibly be 1, the 150kWh/ cycle.In 10 cents/kWh, this is equivalent to the be equivalent to $115/ cycle.

The estimated output of biomass product is 686 gallons oil and 12,500 pounds press cake.

Embodiment 17: the bio-reactor with a plurality of optical elements

Figure 49 shows the embodiment of the bio-reactor with a plurality of optical elements and up-down harvesting device/clearer.Said optical element is to allow to distribute the light conduction pathway by the light of one or more light emitted.Said one or more light source can be positioned at the end of light conduction pathway.Said array of source can be placed in the top or the bottom of light conduction pathway.Said up-down harvesting device/clearer can be to can be used for ptotoautotroph body of growing in the concentrated biological reactor drum and the described biomass collection device in place like this that cleans optical element.But said up-down harvesting device/clearer mechanical connection worm drive, harvesting device/clearer moves thereby worm drive makes up-down.Shown in figure 49, the optional feature of bio-reactor can comprise be used for from bio-reactor discharge excess air air and oxygen air outlet, be used for supporting optical component exo-skeletal frame, be used for from bio-reactor gather in the crops material outlet valve, be used for to bio-reactor supply gas (for example carbonic acid gas and air) the bubbling outlet conduit, be used for from bio-reactor remove material eduction valve, be used for to the carbonic acid gas of bio-reactor supply gas and air bubbling transfer valve, basically watertight wall of container and be used for supplied water and nutraceutical transfer valve.

Embodiment 18: have the bio-reactor as the container of light conduction pathway

Figure 50, Figure 51 and Figure 52 have shown the other embodiment that has as the bio-reactor of the container of light conduction pathway.Said container is processed by optically transparent material, for example glass, vinyl resin or any other polymkeric substance well known by persons skilled in the art.Said container is coated with or is surrounded by and is used for light is retained in the reverberator in the bio-reactor.Said reverberator also can place the bottom surface of bio-reactor so that light is retained in the bio-reactor.Said bio-reactor can comprise the led array that is positioned at top edge, thereby the light of led array emission is imported in the wall of a container.The light that imports wall of container can transmit downwards along the biological respinse wall, is assigned to the internal space of bio-reactor up to light, and this is determined by the input angle in the wall of light from the led array to the bio-reactor.The light of led array emission can be incident on the reverberator, is imported into the internal space of bio-reactor then.

Such as Figure 50 demonstration, said bio-reactor can comprise the up-down clearer.Said up-down clearer can comprise one or more cleaning element described herein.Said up-down clearer can move the up-down clearer with the height along bio-reactor by the mechanical connection worm drive shaft.In some embodiments of the present invention, said worm drive shaft can be optically transparent and can be the light conduction pathway.Led array also can be positioned at the top of worm drive shaft, and the light of led array emission can be imported into worm drive shaft thus.

The optional feature of said bio-reactor is shown among Figure 50.These optional features comprise: the carriage that is used to support worm drive shaft; Be used for supplied water and nutraceutical water and nutrition input aperture; Be used for discharging the air outlet of gas from bio-reactor; Be used to one or more led array the electrical connection of energy with the one or more led array of control is provided; Be used to worm drive shaft the electrical connection of energy with the control worm drive shaft is provided; The eduction gear that is used for removing content in the bottom of bio-reactor from bio-reactor; And be used for gas input port to bio-reactor supply gas (for example carbonic acid gas and air).

Figure 51 shows the synoptic diagram of the bio-reactor array with 9 bio-reactors.Said bio-reactor can be similar with the bio-reactor described among Figure 50.Each bio-reactor has about 4 inches of diameter, high 12 feet billy.The total volume of said billy approximately is 1 cubic feet.The amount of open ended liquid approximately is 62 pounds.Bio-reactor has 12 square feet surface-area being used for the branch luminous intensity distribution and 12 square inches footprint (footprint).One square feet can have nine such bio-reactors.Said bio-reactor can be total to the prosperous import and export that are electrically connected and have the fluid connection.Total volume can be about 9 cubic feet, about 560 pounds of total mass.The work output of said bio-reactor array can be 0.3～30 the gram biomass/liter or 0.019～1.9 pound of biomass/cubic feet.The estimated output of biomass is in the scope of every liter 3 to 30 gram or every cubic feet of 0.19 to 1.9 pound of biomass.The biomass yield of expection is every cubic feet of at least one pound of biomass every day.Correspondingly, the expection productive rate of bio-reactor array is 9 pounds/day.For 100 square feet of places of supposition, the productive rate of biomass can be about 900 pounds of biomass/skies.Further this is amplified to one acre place, productive rate can be about 392,000 pounds of biomass/skies.

Figure 52 shows to have from the bio-reactor array of the receiving tank of bio-reactor harvesting biomass.Said bio-reactor array can comprise having 12 bio-reactors of 12 cubic feet of total work volumetrical.Said bio-reactor has about 144 square feet total surface area that is used for the branch luminous intensity distribution.The space footprint of said bio-reactor array can be about 1.3 square feet.

Said bio-reactor can have and is used for effectively carrying the import and export that are connected with the fluid that removes material from bio-reactor.The input that said fluid connects can be the input that is used for water, nutrition and carbonic acid gas.The output that said fluid connects can be the output that is used for the growth medium of the ptotoautotroph body that contains damage or death in oxygen and the bio-reactor.The said output that is used for growth medium can place the bottom of bio-reactor, and the growth medium that comprises the ptotoautotroph body of damage or death is thus transferred to the receiving tank from bio-reactor.Said receiving tank can be used for damage or dead ptotoautotroph body and growth medium gravity separation.Said damage or dead ptotoautotroph body can be deposited on the bottom of receiving tank and discharge receiving tank through biological chylema mouth.

Claims (79)

1. bio-reactor comprises:

A) container, it is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body, and said ptotoautotroph body has at least a extinction pigment, and said at least a extinction pigment has one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength; And

B) light source, it is configured to launch the light of the one or more wavelength that arrive said container, and wherein, the light of said one or more wavelength can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body.

2. bio-reactor according to claim 1, wherein, said one or more wavelength are corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of said ptotoautotroph body.

3. bio-reactor according to claim 1, wherein, said light source is configured to launch the outside that light pulse or said light source are placed in this reactor drum.

4. bio-reactor according to claim 3, wherein, based on the said light pulse of growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body.

5. bio-reactor according to claim 1 further comprises the parts that are selected from traverse baffle, mixing tank, gas supply device, gas sparger, reducing valve, condensing surface, well heater, cooling jacket, viewing window and optical light divider.

6. bio-reactor according to claim 5, wherein, said gas sparger comprises and being configured to gas delivery to the diameter of this bio-reactor less than about 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.25,0.5 or one or more holes of 1cm.

7. bio-reactor according to claim 1, wherein, said container is processed by the material that is selected from metal, glass, semi-conductor, polymkeric substance and arbitrary combination thereof.

8. bio-reactor according to claim 1, wherein, said ptotoautotroph body is selected from algae, bacterium, eye worm, diatom and plant plankton.

9. bio-reactor according to claim 8, wherein, said algae is botryococcus braunii, chlorella or Dunaliella salina.

10. bio-reactor according to claim 1, wherein, said light source is selected from photodiode, laser apparatus, incandescent-lamp bulb and gas discharge bulb.

11. bio-reactor according to claim 1, wherein, said one or more wavelength comprise the wavelength between 300nm～800nm.

12. bio-reactor according to claim 1, wherein, said growth characteristics curve is represented with the optical density(OD) of ptotoautotroph body described in the dried cell weight of the said ptotoautotroph body of every volume in for some time or the said bio-reactor.

13. bio-reactor according to claim 1, wherein, based on the temperature or the pH of the said bio-reactor of growth characteristics curve controlled of said ptotoautotroph body.

14. a bio-reactor comprises:

A) container, it comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive the sunshine that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; And

B) light conduction pathway, it is operably connected to said light receiving element, and the surface-area of wherein said smooth conduction pathway distributes the light at least about 50% external surface area from said passage.

15. bio-reactor according to claim 14, wherein, said smooth conduction pathway comprises glass, plastics, polymkeric substance or reflecting element.

16. bio-reactor according to claim 14, wherein, the shape of said smooth conduction pathway is bar-shaped or box-like basically.

17. bio-reactor according to claim 14, wherein, said smooth conduction pathway places the inside of said container.

18. bio-reactor according to claim 15, wherein, said reflecting element is positioned the end of said smooth conduction pathway.

19. a bio-reactor comprises:

A) container; It is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; Wherein said container comprises the removable unit that is installed on wherein; Wherein this removable unit is fit to along the length of this container flatly or translation vertically, and wherein this translation is concentrated to said ptotoautotroph body on the said removable unitary side; And

B) results mouth, the said length extending of its said container in edge is to collect said spissated ptotoautotroph body.

20. bio-reactor according to claim 19, wherein, said removable unit comprises perforated material or reticulattion.

21. bio-reactor according to claim 19, wherein, said spissated ptotoautotroph body is suspended in the liquid.

22. bio-reactor according to claim 19 further comprises the light conduction pathway or the cleaning element that are installed on the said removable unit.

23. bio-reactor according to claim 19; Further comprise light source; This light source is configured to launch the light of the one or more wavelength that arrive said container, and the light of wherein said one or more wavelength can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body.

24. a bio-reactor comprises:

A) container, it is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body;

B) light source, it is configured to launch and arrives the light of said container with one or more wavelength of supporting said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth; And

C) energy converter, it is used for producing electric energy from renewable energy source, and wherein said energy converter is operably connected to said light source.

25. bio-reactor according to claim 24, wherein, said energy converter is selected from solar panel, wind turbine, combustion unit, steam turbine, dam and arbitrary combination thereof.

26. bio-reactor according to claim 24, wherein, said renewable energy source is a sun power.

27. bio-reactor according to claim 24, wherein, said renewable energy source is selected from wind energy, water power ability, biomass energy and heat energy.

28. bio-reactor according to claim 24, wherein, said electric energy be produced as neutral carbon.

29. bio-reactor according to claim 24 further comprises energy conditioner or energy accumulating device.

30. bio-reactor according to claim 24, wherein, said one or more wavelength are corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of said ptotoautotroph body.

31. bio-reactor according to claim 24, wherein, said light source is configured to launch light pulse.

32. bio-reactor according to claim 30, wherein, said light pulse is based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body.

33. bio-reactor according to claim 24, wherein, said container is processed by the material that is selected from metal, glass, semi-conductor, polymkeric substance and arbitrary combination thereof.

34. a bio-reactor comprises:

A) container, it comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive by day the sunshine that is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; And

B) light source, it is configured to launch and arrives the light of said container with one or more wavelength of when lacking sunshine, keeping said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

35. bio-reactor according to claim 34, wherein, said light receiving element comprises following one or more: optical cable, light catch tray, window, parabolic slot-type optical collector or nonimaging optics device.

36. bio-reactor according to claim 35, wherein, said nonimaging optics device is compound paraboloid condenser (CPC).

37. bio-reactor according to claim 36, wherein, the optically focused of said nonimaging optics device ratio is about 0.5～6, about 1.3～5 or about 2.

38. bio-reactor according to claim 34, wherein, said one or more wavelength are corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of said ptotoautotroph body.

39. a bio-reactor comprises:

A) container, it is used to cultivate the ptotoautotroph body, and said container comprises that reflecting element is to get rid of from light loss said container or that caused by said container basically; And

B) light source, it is configured to launch and arrives the light of said container with one or more wavelength of supporting said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth.

40. according to the described bio-reactor of claim 39, wherein, said reflecting element is fixed in the inside or the outside of said container.

41. according to the described bio-reactor of claim 39, wherein, said one or more wavelength are corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of said ptotoautotroph body.

42. array of source; The one or more light sources that comprise the light that is configured to launch one or more at least wavelength, wherein the light emission from said array of source is configured to regulate the one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength that are included in the extinction pigment in the ptotoautotroph body with coupling.

43. according to the described array of source of claim 42, wherein, said one or more light sources are configured to regulate to launch all peak absorbtivity wavelength of said extinction pigment.

44. according to the described array of source of claim 42, wherein, said one or more light sources are configured to launch the light of the one or more wavelength between 300nm～800nm.

45. according to the described array of source of claim 42, wherein, said array of source comprises and is used to transmit the light conduction pathway from the photon of said light emitted.

46. according to the described array of source of claim 45, wherein, said light source is installed in the said smooth conduction pathway.

47. according to the described array of source of claim 45, wherein, said light source is installed in outside the said smooth conduction pathway.

48. according to the described array of source of claim 42, wherein, said light source is configured to launch light pulse.

49. a production facility that is used to produce biomass and electric energy comprises:

A) bio-reactor, it is used for the production biomass, and said biomass comprise ptotoautotroph body and container; And

B) power generating equipment, it is operably connected to said bio-reactor, and wherein this power generating equipment becomes electricity and carbonic acid gas with said Wood Adhesives from Biomass, and wherein said carbonic acid gas is provided for said bio-reactor and is used to produce said biomass.

50. according to the described production facility of claim 49; Wherein, Said bio-reactor comprises the light source of the light that is configured to launch the one or more wavelength that arrive said container, and the light of wherein said one or more wavelength can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body.

51. a method of producing biomass comprises:

In being contained in the substratum of bio-reactor, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; This bio-reactor is operably connected to the light source of ballistic phonon with the growth of supporting said ptotoautotroph body, and wherein said light source is configured to produce energy that every kilojoule offers light source and is not less than about 50,5,0.5,0.05 or the biomass production efficiency of the said biomass of 0.005mg.

52. according to the described method of claim 51, wherein, said ptotoautotroph body is compared the photonic absorption ability and is improved by genetic modification so that with corresponding wild type ptotoautotroph body.

53. according to the described method of claim 51, wherein, said ptotoautotroph body is compared biomass throughput and is improved by genetic modification so that with corresponding wild type ptotoautotroph body.

54. a method of producing biomass comprises:

Every liter of substratum surpass about 0.3,1,3,5,10,15,30,50,75,125,175 or the condition of the biomass of 200g under, in the substratum of the bio-reactor that is contained in the light source that is operably connected, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body.

55., wherein, in less than about 50,40,30,20,15 or 10 hours, produce every liter of substratum and surpass about 0.3,1,3,5,10,15,30,50,75,125,175 or the biomass of 200g according to the described method of claim 54.

56. a method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises:

A) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container of the light source that is operably connected to the light that is configured to launch at least one or a plurality of wavelength that arrive said container, and the light of wherein said at least one or a plurality of wavelength can be based on the growth characteristics curve adjustment of said ptotoautotroph body; And

B) the said bio-reactor of operation is with at least one of said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth or the light of a plurality of wavelength of providing support.

57. according to the described method of claim 56, wherein, said one or more wavelength are corresponding to one or more peak absorbtivity wavelength of at least a extinction pigment of said ptotoautotroph body.

58. a method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises:

A) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor, wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container that is operably connected to light source, and this light source is configured to launch at least one of the said container of arrival or the light of a plurality of wavelength;

B) confirm the growth characteristics curve of said ptotoautotroph body; And

C) regulate the light of said at least one or a plurality of wavelength according to the result of step b).

59., wherein, said at least one or a plurality of wavelength are regulated so that the growth velocity maximization according to the described method of claim 58.

60. according to the described method of claim 58, wherein, to said at least one or a plurality of wavelength regulate so that the growth phase of said ptotoautotroph body for the energy maximization that offers said light source.

61., further comprise: regulate said light source with the emission light pulse according to the described method of claim 58.

62. a method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises:

A) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor, wherein said bio-reactor comprises the container that is operably connected to light source, and this light source is configured to launch at least one of the said container of arrival or the light of a plurality of wavelength;

B) measure the biomass generation that said ptotoautotroph body is produced; And

C) regulate the light of said at least one or a plurality of wavelength according to the result of step b).

63., wherein, said at least one or a plurality of wavelength are regulated so that the generation of biomass maximization according to the described method of claim 62.

64., further comprise: control said light source with the emission light pulse according to the described method of claim 62.

65. the method for a results ptotoautotroph body from bio-reactor comprises:

Start and to be installed in the removable unit in the said bio-reactor, wherein said startup comprises along the length of said bio-reactor flatly or the said removable unit of translation vertically;

Said ptotoautotroph body is concentrated on the said removable unitary side; And

Through the results mouthful said ptotoautotroph body of results on a said removable unitary side, the length extending of these results mouthful said bio-reactor in edge is to collect the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body.

66. according to the described method of claim 65, wherein, said removable unit comprises perforated material or reticulattion.

67. according to the described method of claim 65, wherein, said spissated ptotoautotroph body is suspended in the growth medium.

68. according to the described method of claim 67; Further comprise: the solution of spissated ptotoautotroph body is transferred to the stock chest from said bio-reactor, and from said growth medium, separated photosynthetic autotrophic organism to form the solution of further spissated ptotoautotroph body.

69., further comprise according to the described method of claim 68:

Load the solution of said further spissated ptotoautotroph body for the hydraulic flat machine;

Operate said hydraulic ram press with stripping oil; And

Collect said oil.

70. according to the described method of claim 68, further comprise: collection turns back in this bio-reactor with the isolating growth medium of said ptotoautotroph body with this growth medium.

71. according to the described method of claim 65, wherein, said ptotoautotroph body is an algae.

72. a method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises:

A) produce electric energy from renewable energy source; And

B) utilize said electric energy to light source energy to be provided, wherein said light emitted arrives bio-reactor to support at least one of ptotoautotroph bulk-growth described in this bio-reactor or the light of a plurality of wavelength.

73. according to the described method of claim 72, wherein, said energy converter is selected from solar panel, wind turbine, combustion unit, steam turbine and dam.

74. according to the described method of claim 72, wherein, said renewable energy source is a sun power.

75. according to the described method of claim 72, wherein, said renewable energy source is selected from wind energy, water power ability, biomass energy and heat energy.

76. according to the described method of claim 72, wherein, the electric energy of generation is a neutral carbon.

77. a method of cultivating the ptotoautotroph body comprises:

A) said ptotoautotroph body is incorporated in the bio-reactor, wherein said bio-reactor comprises container, and this container comprises the light receiving element that is configured to receive by day the sunshine that is used to cultivate said ptotoautotroph body; And

B) when lacking sunshine, use source of artificial light to keep growth.

78. a method comprises:

In bio-reactor, cultivate the ptotoautotroph body; This bio-reactor is operably connected and launches the light source of the light that is used for said ptotoautotroph bulk-growth; Wherein said bio-reactor comprises container, and this container comprises the reflecting element of getting rid of basically from light loss said container or that caused by said container.

79. one kind is used the energy-producing method of production facility, comprising:

A) in bio-reactor, grow photosynthetic autotrophic organism to produce biomass;

B) utilize power generating equipment to produce electricity and carbonic acid gas from said biomass; And

C) said electricity and carbonic acid gas are offered said bio-reactor to produce said biomass.

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