CN102310563A - Method for regulating and controlling glued joint curing residual stress of composite material and metal - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling glued joint curing residual stress of composite material and metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102310563A CN102310563A CN201110072250A CN201110072250A CN102310563A CN 102310563 A CN102310563 A CN 102310563A CN 201110072250 A CN201110072250 A CN 201110072250A CN 201110072250 A CN201110072250 A CN 201110072250A CN 102310563 A CN102310563 A CN 102310563A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the glued joint curing residual stress of a composite material and metal. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, establishing a mechanical model of residual stress to obtain the relationship of the prestress and the residual stress; secondly, figuring out the magnitude and the direction of the pre-stress required to be applied in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of a metal plate; respectively carrying out surface treatment on the composite material and the metal; bonding two surfaces on which a bonding adhesive is coated together and placing the bonded surface in a corresponding curing clamp, driving a chuck to clamp a glued joint member and monitoring the prestress to enable the prestress applied to the metal plate to reach a calculation value in the second step, and placing the metal plate in an autoclave for curing; and finally, measuring and checking the residual stress of a test piece and selecting the test piece meeting the preparation requirement. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the damage to a microstructure of a material is avoided and the influence on mechanical properties of a glued joint structure is avoided; corresponding glued joint members can be manufactured according to the level and the property of the residual stress required by engineering; and the invention has the advantages of simpleness for equipment, low cost, no prolonging of curing period and no influence to production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of regulating and control to glued joint the composite construction residual stress.
Background technology
In recent years, characteristics such as composite is high with specific strength, specific stiffness is big, the extensive use that obtains at aerospace field.Because the restriction of structural design and process requirements; The development of composite element also is difficult to the globality of implementation structure; Can occur between the composite inevitably and composite and metal between be connected; Wherein being connected between composite and the metal more and more receives people's attention; The connected mode of this heterogeneous structure mainly comprises glueds joint and two kinds of mechanical connections, glueds joint and compares the advantage with uniquenesses such as can alleviating construction weight, the fatigue life of improving joint, anti-environment capacity is strong and the suitable material scope is wide with mechanical connection, thereby will progressively replace mechanical connection and be widely used in being connected between composite and the metal.In the solidification by cement process; There are very big difference in composite and metal material at elastic modelling quantity, thermal conductivity factor, the thermal coefficient of expansion of all directions; Will inevitably produce bigger residual stress; This mechanical property to this isomery material has very big influence, can reduce fatigue strength, anti-stress corrosion performance, size stability and the service life etc. of material.How to reduce or eliminate this residual stress in the material, be a key technical problem that presses for solution in the manufacturing process always.
At present, the processing to the cementing structure residual stress mainly is divided into two types: one type is pre-treatment, sets about from curing process, adopts lower solidification temperature, prolongs to solidify the duration, reduces to solidify to heat up and cooldown rate, keeps even temperature field etc. as far as possible.Though in the low-temperature setting system, can significantly reduce residual stress, cure cycle is oversize, has a strong impact on production efficiency; Equipment requirements is high, has significantly improved production cost; Be not suitable for the hot setting system, be difficult to obtain promote.Another kind of is more traditional post processing; Static load and mechanical oscillation etc. are heat-treated, added to test specimen to preparing; These methods all are to make test specimen generation yield deformation, produce stress relaxation, thereby reduce or the elimination residual stress; Though industry has in modern times obtained using widely; But they all exist tangible deficiency separately, as the firing equipment cost of heat treating process is high, energy consumption is high, auxiliary equipment is many, the surperficial easy oxidation of test specimen, higher temperature also can destroy the heterogeneous microstructure of material, influence the performance of material; The strong vibration that mechanical vibration method applies is still indeterminate to the Fatigue Life of glueing joint composite construction etc., also has scholar's research to think, mechanical vibration method can only reduce the material residual stress peak value, and can not reduce the average residual residue stress of material internal.Because the deficiency of these methods has limited the scope of application separately, therefore, the method for seeking new more effective regulation and control residual stress has crucial meaning.
Summary of the invention
The prior art cure cycle is long, equipment requirements is high in order to overcome, be not suitable for the hot setting system or equipment manufacturing cost is high, deficiencies such as energy consumption is high, auxiliary equipment is many, the surperficial easy oxidation of test specimen; The present invention provides a kind of method that composite and metal bonding solidify residual stress of regulating and control; Through before curing, plate being applied prestressing force; A kind of method that can simply, effectively regulate and control composite and metal bonding plate residual stress is provided; Make it be directed against different lap joint forms, residual stress level and character that all can be as required prepared corresponding cementing structure spare; And do not destroy the heterogeneous microstructure of material, do not influence the mechanical property of cementing structure.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems may further comprise the steps:
The first step is set up the residual stress mechanical model
According to the stress-strain relation of composite and metal under the binary stress, set up the mechanical model of residual stress, obtain the relation of prestressing force and residual stress.
In second step, calculate and apply prestress value
Level and character according to required preparation test specimen residual stress; In conjunction with selected material and material properties parameter; Utilize the prestressing force that the first step sets up out and the relation of residual stress, calculate the horizontal and vertical required prestressed size and Orientation that applies of metallic plate.
The 3rd step, the preparation test specimen
Requirement according to the adhesive process stipulation is carried out surface treatment respectively to composite and metal; Gluing then; The surface that two test specimens are scribbled adhesive is bonded together, and after hanging bonding test specimen is put into corresponding curing anchor clamps, drives chuck and clamps bonded part and monitor prestressing force in real time through pressure sensor; Make metallic plate is applied the calculated value that prestressing force reached for second step; Put into autoclave and be cured, after adhesive solidifies fully, from anchor clamps, take out test specimen when temperature is reduced to room temperature.
In the 4th step, measure and check
The residual stress of test specimen is measured and checked, select and satisfy the test specimen that preparation requires, realize the residual stress design of composite and metal-to-metal adhesive fitting and regulate and control.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the invention provides a kind of regulation and control composite simple, effective, applied widely and the method for metal bonding curing residual stress; First; The root of solidifying the residual stress generation from cementing structure is set about; From eliminating residual stress in essence, do not destroy the heterogeneous microstructure of material, do not influence the mechanical property of cementing structure; The second, can prepare corresponding bonded part according to the level and the character of the residual stress of requirement of engineering; The 3rd, be suitable for multiple joint form, preparation only need be formulated the corresponding anchor clamps that solidify according to concrete joint form, and equipment is simple, cost is low, does not have the cure cycle of prolongation, does not influence production efficiency.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that the present invention realizes;
Fig. 2 is single bridging arrangement prestressing force load mode sketch map;
Fig. 3 is that single overlap joint solidifies the anchor clamps sketch map;
Among the figure, 1 clamp base, 2 rocking bars, 3 slide blocks, 4 can unload chuck, 5 set bolts;
Fig. 4 is instance 1 residual stress measurement result's distribution;
Fig. 5 is instance 2 residual stress measurement results' distribution;
Fig. 6 is instance 3 residual stress measurement results' distribution.
The specific embodiment
The scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is before curing, the bigger metal sheet of thermal coefficient of expansion to be applied certain prestressing force.Because the thermal expansion coefficient difference of composite and metal material is bigger, when solidifying cooling, the difference of amount of contraction can produce bigger residual stress.The reason that the present invention forms according to above-mentioned residual stress; Before curing, apply certain prestressing force and offset the influence of thermal expansion coefficient difference residual stress to metal sheet is horizontal and vertical; Apply prestressed size and Orientation through change, realize design and regulation and control the residual stress of composite and metal bonding structure.Specifically may further comprise the steps:
The first step is set up the residual stress mechanical model
The residual stress of composite and metal bonding composite construction mainly is formed on the curing temperature-fall period, has ignored the residual stress of other stages formation for simplified model.According to concrete lap joint form, analyze the process that residual stress forms, and make some hypothesis, as: 1. composite is uniform anisotropic body, and 2. the residual stress of plate is a plane stress; 3. there is not the residual stress square; 4. in solidifying temperature-fall period, unstressed lax, composite panel is consistent with the metallic plate distortion.In conjunction with the prestressing force of horizontal and vertical loading, last, again according to the stress-strain relation of composite and metal under the binary stress, set up the mechanical model of residual stress, obtain the relation of prestressing force and residual stress.
In second step, calculate and apply prestress value
Level and character according to required preparation test specimen residual stress; In conjunction with selected material and material properties parameter; Utilize the prestressing force that the first step sets up out and the relation of residual stress, calculate the horizontal and vertical required prestressed size and Orientation that applies of metallic plate.
The 3rd step, the preparation test specimen
Requirement according to the adhesive process stipulation is carried out surface treatment respectively to composite and metal, gluing then, and the surface that two test specimens are scribbled adhesive is bonded together; After hanging a period of time (this depends on selected adhesive); Bonding test specimen is put into corresponding curing anchor clamps, be illustrated in figure 2 as single overlap joint and solidify anchor clamps, in practical application, can follow and change multi-form chuck according to the form needs of gluded joint; During operation; The chuck that drives x and y direction through rocking bar clamps bonded part and monitors prestressing force in real time through pressure sensor, makes metallic plate is applied the calculated value that prestressing force reached for second step, puts into autoclave and is cured; After adhesive solidifies fully, when reducing to room temperature, temperature from anchor clamps, takes out test specimen.
In the 4th step, measure and check
Because the first step has been made some approximate processing and simplify have been supposed setting up when residual stress mechanical model derivation prestressing force and residual stress concern; Therefore; The test specimen that the prestressing force that utilizes mechanical model to calculate prepares, its residual stress size possibly exist certain error with actual value.In order to confirm that preparing bonded part meets the demands, must measure and check the residual stress of test specimen, last, select and satisfy the test specimen that preparation requires, realize the residual stress design of composite and metal-to-metal adhesive fitting and regulate and control.
The Al plate adopts good comprehensive properties 2024-T351 (LY12) duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy, and CFRP (Carbon FiberReinforced Plastic) adopts the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, and the volume fraction of fiber is 50%, and each material properties is seen shown in the table 4.Solidification temperature T
BondingWith indoor temperature T
RoomBe decided to be respectively: 85 ℃ and 25 ℃, temperature difference T=T
Bonding-T
Room=60 ℃.
Its preparation process may further comprise the steps:
1. the process that forms according to single bridging arrangement residual stress according to loading prestressing force shown in Figure 2, is set up the residual stress mechanical model;
2. as requested: Al plate residual stress level＜10MPa and character are tension, and with calculating in the single bridging arrangement residual stress of the above-mentioned parameter substitution model, the prestressing force size that obtains applying is: 98.51＜σ
X0＜117.91MPa, 98.51＜σ
Y0＜117.91MPa;
3. get 5 groups of materials, carry out surface treatment and gluing respectively according to the requirement of selected adhesive process stipulation, single overlap joint of putting into Fig. 3 then solidifies anchor clamps; Control rocking bar through pressure sensor clamps test specimen and the prestressing force in x and y direction of 5 groups of test specimens is reached respectively: 100MPa, 104MPa, 108MPa; 112MPa, 116MPa puts into autoclave; The setting parameters of curing is cured, and waits to solidify the end back and takes out test specimen;
4. the 5 groups of test specimen Al plate x directions preparing and the residual stress of y direction are measured respectively; The result sees shown in the table 1; Require to test in conjunction with preparation, Fig. 4 is the distribution situation of measurement result, according to Fig. 4 result; Can intuitively obtain: the residual stress of 5 groups of test specimen Al plates is tension and less than 10MPa, reaches the preparation designing requirement.
The residual stress measurement result of table 1Al plate
Each material is identical with embodiment 1, and attribute is seen shown in the table 4, solidification temperature T
BondingWith indoor temperature T
RoomBe decided to be respectively: 105 ℃ and 25 ℃, temperature difference T=T
Bonding-T
Room=80 ℃.
Its preparation process may further comprise the steps:
1. with embodiment 1;
2. as requested: Al plate residual stress level＜5MPa and character are compression, and with calculating in the single bridging arrangement residual stress of the above-mentioned parameter substitution model, the prestressing force size that obtains applying is: 157.22＜σ
X0＜166.92MPa, 157.22＜σ
Y0＜166.92MPa;
3. get 5 groups of materials, carry out surface treatment and gluing respectively according to the requirement of selected adhesive process stipulation, single overlap joint of putting into Fig. 3 then solidifies anchor clamps; Control rocking bar through pressure sensor clamps test specimen and the prestressing force in x and y direction of 5 groups of test specimens is reached respectively: 158MPa, 160MPa, 162MPa; 164MPa, 166MPa puts into autoclave; The setting parameters of curing is cured, and waits to solidify the end back and takes out test specimen;
4. the 5 groups of test specimen Al plate x directions preparing and the residual stress of y direction are measured respectively; The result sees shown in the table 2; Require to test in conjunction with preparation, Fig. 5 is the distribution situation of measurement result, according to Fig. 5 result; Can intuitively obtain: the residual stress of 5 groups of test specimen Al plates is compression and less than 5MPa, reaches the preparation designing requirement.
The residual stress measurement result of table 2Al plate
Each material is identical with embodiment 1, and attribute is seen shown in the table 4, solidification temperature T
BondingWith indoor temperature T
RoomBe decided to be respectively: 125 ℃ and 25 ℃, temperature difference T=T
Bonding-T
Room=100 ℃.
Its preparation process may further comprise the steps:
1. the process that forms according to L type bridging arrangement residual stress in conjunction with horizontal and vertical prestressing force that loads, is set up the residual stress mechanical model;
2. as requested: Al plate residual stress level＜5MPa and character are tension, and with calculating in the above-mentioned parameter substitution L type bridging arrangement residual stress model, the prestressing force size that obtains applying is: 186.82＜σ
X0＜196.52MPa, 186.82＜σ
Y0＜196.52MPa;
3. get 5 groups of materials, carry out surface treatment and gluing respectively, put into L type joint form then and solidify anchor clamps according to the requirement of selected adhesive process stipulation; The chuck of changing among Fig. 3 in conjunction with L type version get final product, and the control rocking bar clamping test specimen through pressure sensor also reaches the prestressing force in x and y direction of 5 groups of test specimens respectively: 187MPa, 189MPa; 191MPa, 193MPa, 195MPa; Put into autoclave, set parameters of curing and be cured, wait to solidify the end back and take out test specimen;
4. the 5 groups of test specimen Al plate x directions preparing and the residual stress of y direction are measured respectively; The result sees shown in the table 3, requires to test in conjunction with preparation, and Fig. 6 is the distribution situation of measurement result; Show according to Fig. 6 result: there are certain error in theoretical calculated value and actual value, at prestressing force σ
X0=σ
Y0During=187MPa; The size of the residual stress of Al plate x and y direction has all exceeded 5MPa, does not satisfy the preparation designing requirement, then the residual stress of 4 groups of test specimen Al plate x and y direction all 0～-5MPa between; Promptly be compression and, reach the preparation designing requirement less than 5MPa.
The residual stress measurement result of table 3Al plate
The material properties of table 4Al plate and CFRP plate
Claims (1)
1. regulate and control the method that composite and metal bonding solidify residual stress for one kind, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
The first step according to the stress-strain relation of composite and metal under the binary stress, is set up the mechanical model of residual stress, obtains the relation of prestressing force and residual stress;
Second step; Level and character according to required preparation test specimen residual stress; In conjunction with selected material and material properties parameter, utilize the prestressing force that the first step sets up out and the relation of residual stress, calculate the horizontal and vertical required prestressed size and Orientation that applies of metallic plate;
The 3rd step; Requirement according to the adhesive process stipulation is carried out surface treatment respectively to composite and metal, gluing then, and the surface that two test specimens are scribbled adhesive is bonded together; After hanging bonding test specimen is put into corresponding curing anchor clamps; Drive chuck and clamp bonded part and monitor prestressing force in real time, make metallic plate is applied the calculated value that prestressing force reached for second step, put into autoclave and be cured through pressure sensor; After adhesive solidifies fully, when reducing to room temperature, temperature from anchor clamps, takes out test specimen;
The 4th step, the residual stress of test specimen is measured and checked, select and satisfy the test specimen that preparation requires, realize the residual stress design of composite and metal-to-metal adhesive fitting and regulate and control.
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| CN201110072250A CN102310563A (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2011-03-24 | Method for regulating and controlling glued joint curing residual stress of composite material and metal |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104669487A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Method for controlling deformation of structural glue joint part with large size and large curvature |
| CN107941283A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-20 | 中南大学 | The multi-parameter on-line monitoring system and method for composite material hot-press solidifying process |
| CN108607785A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-02 | 东莞市中泰精创精密科技有限公司 | A kind of assembling dispensing method |
| CN114088026A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏奥琳斯邦装备科技股份有限公司 | Hot-pressing curing device and curing method for strain measurement |
-
2011
- 2011-03-24 CN CN201110072250A patent/CN102310563A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104669487A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Method for controlling deformation of structural glue joint part with large size and large curvature |
| CN104669487B (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2017-04-19 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Method for controlling deformation of structural glue joint part with large size and large curvature |
| CN107941283A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-20 | 中南大学 | The multi-parameter on-line monitoring system and method for composite material hot-press solidifying process |
| CN107941283B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2024-03-12 | 中南大学 | Multi-parameter on-line monitoring system and method for hot-press curing process of composite material |
| CN108607785A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-02 | 东莞市中泰精创精密科技有限公司 | A kind of assembling dispensing method |
| CN114088026A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏奥琳斯邦装备科技股份有限公司 | Hot-pressing curing device and curing method for strain measurement |
| CN114088026B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-05 | 江苏奥琳斯邦装备科技股份有限公司 | Hot-pressing curing device and curing method for strain measurement |
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Application publication date: 20120111 |