CN102310333A - 集成有减震装置的、诸如镗头、卡盘、或铣削杆的刀具架 - Google Patents
集成有减震装置的、诸如镗头、卡盘、或铣削杆的刀具架 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明的目的是提供一种刀具架,诸如镗头、卡盘、或铣削杆,集成有减震设备(2),减震设备(2)具有细长主体的形式,其特征在于,减震装置(2)容纳在安装主体(3)中,安装主体(3)的一端连接至刀具架(1),其另一端具有用于安装刀具的端部配件(4),其中安装主体(3)装配有至少一个润滑剂供给管(32),该至少一个润滑剂供给管(32)在其前端注入用于安装道具的端部配件(4)并且在其另一端连接至用于散布润滑剂的环形槽(102),该润滑剂提供在刀具架(1)的前表面。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及数控机床配件、加工中心、柔性单元与工场的领域,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于刀具架(诸如镗头、卡盘、或铣削杆)的减震装置。
背景技术
刀具架由于其结构而易于振动,这对刀具架的准确运行是不利的。因为机床的实际运行速度不断增加,因此该振动的趋势越发明显。
为了防止这些缺陷,提出装配有减震振荡设备的刀具架,以使其刚度适应运行条件。
为此,目前尤其从US-A-3447402中可知这种基本由减震块组成的设备,其中减震块安装在轴向壳体中并在轴向壳体中的弹性可变形块之间夹紧或收缩,并且依靠弹簧装载的阻挡装置调节刚度,其中该弹簧自身的设置能够依靠螺丝设备进行调整。
此外,从FR-A-2173957可知用于机床的可调节减震器,该减震器由减震元件组成,减震元件位于刀具架轴的轴向孔中并依靠环形弹性元件连接至刀具架轴,环形弹性元件安装在减震元件的锥形端部并能够在所述端部压缩以调整刚性。
EP-A-0571490描述了另一种由中央圆柱形支撑件组成的减震设备,中央圆柱形支撑件容纳在刀具架主体中并且其上安装有减震主体。该减震主体依靠弹性元件连接至中央圆柱形支撑件,弹性元件位于减震主体端部并依靠连接至中央支撑件的垫圈保持。EP-A-1248692中描述了类似设备。
在所有这些已知设备中,通过依靠弹性可变形元件对减震元件端部的作用来使减震元件保持在轴向孔中;然而这仅通过对所述端部的作用来完成,而不需要所述弹性可变形元件与减震元件母面之间的接触(US-A-3447402和FR-A-2173957)。这两个文件描述了,中央圆柱形支撑件的使用不再提供减震元件母面与还将与减震元件的壳体接触的弹性可变形元件的接触。
因此,仅能够通过端部作用于装配有这种减震元件的轴,在这种方式下,减震最好以轴向方式执行,因此无法达到最优。
FR-A-2929868还公开了装配有减震装置的刀具架,减震装置具有设置在刀具架端部壳体中的细长主体的形式,刀具架端部壳体具有相应形状和大小并且在其端部通过用于容纳镗头或铣削杆的主体封闭,其中减震装置是仅进行径向吸收的类型并且装配有至少一个至少靠近各端的弹性可变形装置,其中所述弹性可变形装置通过在壳体壁与减震装置之间夹紧或收缩而在减震装置的外壳与刀具架的壳体的壁之间延伸,并且减震装置的端部在壳体中不受限制地延伸。
根据该最新申请的仅在径向上进行运动的减震装置,能够抵消由于剪切力和加工速度导致的振动效应,同时具有简单设计和实施。此外,该减震装置不需要任何附加元件或具体调节的处理并能够在所有类型的刀具架上实施。
在实施刀具架的情况下,该刀具架相对于其直径具有很长长度并承载小直径刀具。然而,形成了尽可能靠近切削工具放置减震装置的问题,其中该切削工具通常必须安装在这种小直径刀具架的端部。事实上,在这种情况下,通常实施的减震装置放置在与该刀具的活动部的平面相隔较大距离的位置,因为不可能安装在刀具的水平面处,在这种情况下,效果显然不如与标准刀具架一起使用。
此外,安装在这些刀具架上的小直径工具通常通过夹紧或收缩(即预加热)来附接,在这种情况下,形成传递热量至上游元件并具体地传递至减震元件的问题,其中减震元件具有对高温敏感并因此能够损坏并因此使减震元件失效的部件。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于通过提出一种用于刀具架(诸如镗头、卡盘、或铣削杆)的减震装置来克服这些缺陷,该减震装置能够抵消由剪切力和加工速度导致的振动效应,尽可能接近于切削工具,并适于不同长度的刀具架。此外,该减震装置能够装配有用于防止过热的设备。
为此,用于刀具架(诸如镗头、卡盘、或铣削杆)的减震装置具有细长主体的形式,其特征在于,其被容纳安装主体中,安装主体的一端连接至刀具架主体并且其另一端具有用于安装刀具的端部配件。
附图说明
通过以非限制性实施例所给出以及参照附图所解释的优选实施方式有关的以下描述,本发明将得到更好的理解,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的装配有减震装置的刀具架的剖面图;
图2减震装置的更大比例的剖面图;
图3是类似于图2的、本发明的第一个变体实施方式的视图,其中减震装置装配有通过夹紧或收缩来安装的端部配件;
图4类似于图3的视图,其中是减震装置装配有防止过热的设备;
图5是类似于图3和图4的、示出图4的减震装置的变体实施方式的视图;以及
图6和7是类似于图3至5的、图4的减震装置的另一个变体实施方式的视图,其中减震装置分别位于在夹紧或收缩刀具之后的运行位置和在夹紧或收缩期间防止过热的位置。
具体实施方式
作为示例,附图中的图1至图7示出了具有镗头形式的刀具架1,其装配有减震装置2,减震装置2具有细长主体的形式。
根据本发明,减震装置2容纳在安装主体3中,安装主体3的一端连接至刀具架主体1,安装主体3的另一端具有用于安装刀具的端部配件4。
如附图所示,安装主体3具有用于容纳减震装置2的壳体31并且通过螺丝固定或压配在刀具架主体1的端部配件101上来连接至刀具架主体1的前端。优选地,安装主体3为具有薄壁的容器的形式。因此,安装主体3能够适于小直径刀具并且因此尤其能够在具有很长长度的刀具架的端部装备小直径刀具,例如用于产生具有小直径和超长长度的孔。
在图1至7所示的实施方式中,减震装置2的壳体31的封闭通过将端部配件101直接螺丝固定或压配在壳体31的端部中来实现。
然而,根据附图中未示出的发明的变体实施方式,还能够通过用于安装刀具的端部配件4来安装减震装置2,其中随后壳体31由***所示端部配件4的塞子封闭。
此外,如附图中的图1至3所示,安装主体3能够有利地装配有至少一个润滑剂供给管32,润滑剂供给管32在其前端注入用于安装刀具的端部配件4并且在其另一端连接至用于散布润滑剂的环形槽102,润滑剂提供在刀具架1的前表面。
由于安装主体3的使用,因此能够生产相对于长度具有小直径的长刀具架,还能够安装具有小直径的镗刀或铣刀,同时确保消除由剪切力和加工速度导致的振动效应,并尽可能地与切削工具接近。事实上,减震依靠安装主体执行,安装主体适于不同的刀具架并且在其安装端部配件4上直接接收切削工具。
根据本发明的另一个特征,在通过夹紧或收缩来实施用于安装刀具的端部配件4的情况下,安装主体3还能够有利地装配有用于防止减震装置2过热的设备5(图4至7)。
根据附图中的图4所示的第一个实施方式,用于防止减震装置2过热的设备5有利地由绝热缓冲器51组成,绝热缓冲器51从减震装置2的尽可能靠近安装端部配件4的一侧起在减震装置2端部的前方延伸。该绝热缓冲器51可以由具有高绝缘系数的任何材料组成,例如基于浸入树脂的玻璃纤维或者基于云母和树脂。因此,在发热期间,为了夹紧或收缩事先放在安装端部配件4中央的刀具,释放的热量的较大部分传输到安装端部配件4,并且通过安装端部配件4传输到整个安装主体3,以这样的方式,也出现了减震装置2的壳体31的发热。
形成设备5的绝热缓冲器51的构造能够绝缘所述壳体31,以防止直接从安装端部配件4得到的热量,尤其防止所述安装端部配件4的中心孔41中存在的形式为非常热的空气的热量。
于是,防止减震装置2的元件、即用于减震的弹性可变形部分过热。
附图中的图5示出了本发明的变体实施方式,其中用于防止减震装置2过热的设备5由容纳减震装置2的容器52组成,其中该容器***到刀具架1的壳体31中并且至少在朝安装端部配件4旋转的一侧由壁52’封闭。
在此实施方式中,容器52也有利地由高绝热能力的材料制成。
附图中的图6和7示出了本发明的第二变体实施方式,其中用于防止减震装置2过热的设备5基本上由提供减震装置2的壳体31来组成,提供的壳体31的长度大于减震装置2的长度,其中通过将减震装置2从一个运行位置(图6)移动到用于防止发热的位置来防止过热;在该一个运行位置中,减震装置2放置和保持在壳体31的尽可能靠近安装端部配件4的一端;在用于防止发热的位置中,减震装置2放置和保持在壳体31的另一端。
利用与减震装置2的环形中间槽21合作和配合的两个压力螺丝53,能够确保将减震装置2保持在其两端的位置,每一个压力螺丝位于减震装置2的位置的一个中。
利用与减震装置2的环形中间槽21合作和配合的具有两个可伸缩球的设备,也能够确保将减震装置2保持在其两端的位置,每一个可伸缩球位于减震装置2的位置的一个中。在附图中未示出该设备,但是本领域的技术人员完全可以实现该设备的设计。
由于本发明的原因,能够生产装配有用于刀具架(诸如镗头、卡盘、或铣削杆)的减震装置,减震装置能够用于所有类型的刀具架,尤其是长刀具架,长刀具架相对于它们的长度具有小直径并且能够通过夹紧或收缩来安装具有小直径的镗刀或铣刀,同时保护减震装置2的易损部分,尤其是弹性可变形元件,避免因夹紧或收缩期间所释放的热量而产生的损坏。
当然,本发明并不局限于附图中所述和所示的实施方式,而是可以变型的,尤其是各个元件的结构方面或者通过等价替换,因此这些变型并不超出本发明的保护范围。
Claims (11)
1.刀具架,诸如镗头、卡盘、或铣削杆,集成有减震设备(2),所述减震设备(2)具有细长主体的形式,其特征在于,所述减震装置(2)容纳在安装主体(3)中,所述安装主体(3)的一端连接至所述刀具架(1),其另一端具有用于安装刀具的端部配件(4),其中所述安装主体(3)装配有至少一个润滑剂供给管(32),所述至少一个润滑剂供给管(32)在其前端注入所述用于安装道具的端部配件(4)并且在其另一端连接至用于散布润滑剂的环形槽(102),所述润滑剂提供在所述刀具架(1)的前表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的刀具架,其中所述安装主体(3)具有用于容纳减震装置(2)的壳体(31),并且通过螺丝固定或压配在所述刀具架主体(1)的端部配件(101)上来连接至刀具架主体(1)的前端。
3.根据权利要求1和2所述的刀具架,其中所述安装主体(2)为具有薄壁的容器。
4.根据权利要求2所述的刀具架,其中所述减震装置(2)的壳体(31)的封闭通过将所述端部配件(101)直接螺丝固定或压配在所述壳体(31)的端部中来实施。
5.根据权利要求2所述的刀具架,其中所述减震装置(2)通过所述用于安装刀具的端部配件(4)安装在所述壳体(31)中,所述壳体(31)通过***所述端部配件(4)的塞子封闭。
6.根据权利要求1至5所示的刀具架,其中在实施用于通过夹紧或收缩来安装刀具的端部配件(4)的情况下,所述安装主体(3)还装配有用于防止所述减震装置(2)过热的设备(5)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的刀具架,其中用于防止所述减震装置(2)过热的所述设备(5)由绝热缓冲器(51)组成,所述绝热缓冲器(51)在所述减震装置(2)的端部的前方从所述减震装置(2)靠近所述安装端部配件(4)的一侧起延伸。
8.根据权利要求6所述的刀具架,其中用于防止所述减震装置(2)过热的所述设备(5)由容纳所述减震装置(2)的容器(52)组成,其中所述容器***到所述刀具架(1)的壳体(31)中并且至少在朝所述安装端部配件(4)旋转的一侧由壁(52′)封闭。
9.根据权利要求6所述的刀具架,其中用于防止所述减震装置(2)过热的所述设备(5)基本上通过提供所述减震装置(2)的壳体(31)组成,提供的壳体的长度大于所述减震装置(2)的长度,其中通过将所述减震装置(2)从运行位置移动到用于防止过热的位置来防止过热,在所述运行位置中,所述减震装置(2)放置和保持在所述壳体(31)尽可能靠近安装端部配件(4)的一端,在所述用于防止过热的位置中,所述减震装置(2)放置和保持在所述壳体(31)的另一端。
10.根据权利要求9所述的刀具架,其中利用与所述减震装置(2)的环形中间槽(21)配合的两个压力螺丝(53)确保将所述减震装置(2)保持在其两个端部位置,其中每一个压力螺丝位于所述减震装置(2)的两个端部位置中的一个中。
11.根据权利要求9所述的刀具架,其中利用具有与所述减震装置(2)的环形中间槽(21)配合的两个可伸缩球的设备确保将所述减震装置(2)保持在其两个端部位置,其中每一个可伸缩球位于所述减震装置(2)的两个端部位置中的一个中。
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FR1055168A FR2961727B1 (fr) | 2010-06-28 | 2010-06-28 | Moyen d'amortissement pour porte-outils, tel que tete a aleser, |
FR1055168 | 2010-06-28 |
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EP (1) | EP2399697B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2012006141A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101863144B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102310333B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI1102768A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2744783A1 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2961727B1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101863144B1 (ko) | 2018-05-31 |
RU2011126474A (ru) | 2013-01-10 |
CA2744783A1 (fr) | 2011-12-28 |
EP2399697A1 (fr) | 2011-12-28 |
RU2556252C2 (ru) | 2015-07-10 |
BRPI1102768A2 (pt) | 2014-01-21 |
US8899891B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 |
FR2961727B1 (fr) | 2013-03-01 |
TW201206621A (en) | 2012-02-16 |
EP2399697B1 (fr) | 2021-01-20 |
US20110318130A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
KR20120001665A (ko) | 2012-01-04 |
CN102310333B (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
FR2961727A1 (fr) | 2011-12-30 |
JP2012006141A (ja) | 2012-01-12 |
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