CN102306329A - Passive sensor and sensing method thereof - Google Patents
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- CN102306329A CN102306329A CN201110141174A CN201110141174A CN102306329A CN 102306329 A CN102306329 A CN 102306329A CN 201110141174 A CN201110141174 A CN 201110141174A CN 201110141174 A CN201110141174 A CN 201110141174A CN 102306329 A CN102306329 A CN 102306329A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a passive sensor and a sensing method thereof. The passive sensor comprises a shell, sensitive components, a printed board, outer leads and a sealing material, wherein the sensitive components are arranged in the shell; the sensitive components are connected with the three outer leads electrically by the printed board; the three outer leads are respectively two output ends U1 and U2 and a grounding end G of the sensor; the port of the shell is encapsulated by using an epoxy resin sealing material; the sensitive components comprise sensitive wires, enamelled wire windings and a framework; the framework is cross-shaped; the sensitive wires are embedded into through holes of the framework; the enamelled wire windings are respectively wound on the four arms of the framework; and the enamelled wire windings wound on the same sensitive wire are connected in series to form the induction coil of the wound sensitive wire. The passive sensor performs two types of sensing such as rotary counting and direction identification at the same time, performs the rotary counting on pulses according to the time sequence characteristics of electrical pulses, and performs the rotary counting and the rotary direction identification on an object at the same time according to the time sequence characteristics of the electrical pulses.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensor technical field, relate to magnetoelectric transducer, be a kind of passive sensor and method for sensing thereof, have rotation counting and direction identification dual-use function.
Background technology
Existing rotation counting sensor has multiple modes such as mechanical type, photo-electric, magneto-electric.The mechanical type revolution meter is eliminated because the output of no electric signal can not be used for control automatically at present gradually.And photo-electric, magneto-electric rotation counting sensor generally all need be used power supply, and function singleness, do not have a kind of sensor can be rotated counting simultaneously at present and discern with direction.And these working sensor temperature ranges are also narrower.The sensor limit of working temperature of for example making with silicon materials is 150 ℃, and when temperature surpassed 150 ℃, silicon materials lost semiconducting behavior, thereby make sensor failure.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention will solve is: existing sensor can only be realized the rotation counting simple function, and operating temperature range is narrow, environment for use is required high.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of passive sensor; Comprise shell, sensing assembly, printed board, outer lead and encapsulant; The sensing assembly setting in the enclosure, sensing assembly is electrically connected with 3 outer leads through printed board, 3 outer leads are respectively two output terminal U of sensor
1And U
2With an earth terminal G, outer cover port is used the epoxy sealing material package; Said sensing assembly comprises 2 responsive silks, 4 enameled wire windings and 1 skeleton as responsive silk and enameled wire winding carrier; Said skeleton is the skeleton of being made up of X axle and two limbs intersections of Y axle; The limb of intersecting forms four arms, and skeleton is a nonmagnetic substance, on X axle and Y axle, respectively is provided with a groove; Two groove openings are towards opposing; 2 responsive silks are embedded in respectively in the groove of X axle and Y axle, and 4 enameled wire windings are wrapped in respectively on four arms of skeleton, form the inductive coil of institute around sensitivity thread around 2 enameled wire windings in series of same responsive silk.
2 responsive silks are separated by less than 0.3mm in groove.
Preferred skeleton is a cross shape.
Four ends of the inductive coil of two responsive silks are got adjacent two ends and are connected the back and be electrically connected with the earth terminal G of outer lead through printed board, in addition the two ends output terminal U through printed board and outer lead respectively
1And U
2Be electrically connected.
The method for sensing of above-mentioned passive sensor is for be rotated two kinds of sensings of counting and direction identification simultaneously: on rotating object to be measured, magnet steel is installed, when magnet steel rotates with object under test, is produced alternating magnetic field; Responsive silk in the said sensing assembly is a magnetic bi-stable alloy; Detailed introduction is arranged in the ZL200610086134.5 patent documentation; Under the alternating magnetic field excitation; Instant reverse will take place with the variation of external magnetic field polarity in the DOM of responsive silk inner core, and in the inductive coil of responsive silk periphery, generate positive negative; Under the excitation of continuous alternating magnetic field, two output terminal U of said passive sensor
1And U
2The electric signal of output is that the one-period circulation changes with 4 positive negative pulse stuffings, and paired pulses is counted, and the positive negative pulse stuffing temporal aspect is analyzed, and can realize two kinds of sensing identifications of rotation counting and direction identification simultaneously.
Rotation counting is sensed as: under the excitation of alternating magnetic field; Responsive silk DOM moment overturns, and then in inductive coil, generates electric pulse, every one week of variation of alternating magnetic field; Each takes place once forward and reverse upset in responsive silk DOM; Inductive coil then generates a pair of positive and negative electric pulse, when rotating object to be measured rotates continuously, and two output terminal U of sensor
1And U
2Export a series of positive and negative electric impulse signals respectively,, can detect the magnet steel number of revolutions wherein one the road or simultaneously the positive and negative variation of two-way electric impulse signal is counted;
Direction identification is sensed as: action of alternating magnetic field on the responsive silk of sensor, sensor output terminal U
1And U
2Produce one group of positive and negative electric pulse respectively, the characteristic of two groups of electric impulse signal sequential and the direct correlation of magnet steel sense of rotation according to these two groups of electric impulse signal temporal aspects, can be analyzed the sense of rotation that identifies magnet steel.
During travel direction identification sensing, when magnet steel turned clockwise, sensor output electric pulse signal sequence was [V
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -]; When magnet steel was rotated counterclockwise, sensor output electric pulse signal sequence was [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +]; When magnet steel turned to counterclockwise conversion by dextrorotation, sensor output electric pulse signal sequence was by [V
1 +V
2 +V
1V
2] become [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +]; Magnet steel is by being rotated counterclockwise when the clockwise conversion, and sensor output electric pulse signal sequence is by [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] become [V
1 +V
2 +V
1V
2], V
1And V
2Be respectively output terminal U
1And U
2Output pulse signal, "+" and "-" indicating impulse signal positive and negative.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention has rotation counting and direction identification dual-use function simultaneously concurrently; Need not external power supply during work; Output amplitude is up to more than 2 volts, and signal need not pass through amplification and can directly handle at the scene, also can handle through transmission line teletransmission to late-class circuit; Direction recognizing method is simple; Responsive silk Curie temperature can be worked in-65 ℃～+ 180 ℃ temperature ranges greater than 500 ℃; Sensor construction is simple, and by an X-shape skeleton and setting responsive silk wherein, and corresponding enameled wire winding can be accomplished the function of rotation counting and direction identification; Overall package is in shell; Because simple in structure, sensor bulk of the present invention is little, and is easy to use;
(2) sensor of the present invention also is applicable to excitation field application scenario pockety.In actual applications, the magnetic induction intensity of magnet steel decay rapidly along with the increase of distance.If the sensor sensing silk is positioned at outside effective magnetic induction density scope, might cause sensor failure.The X-shape skeleton of sensor sensing assembly of the present invention makes 2 responsive silks that are used for sensing be separated by less than 0.3mm, guarantees to be positioned at simultaneously effective magnetic induction density scope.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a sensor construction synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 looks synoptic diagram for three of sensing assembly of the present invention, (a) is front view, (b) is left view, (c) is vertical view.
Fig. 3 is the characteristic curve diagram of the responsive silk of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is in the embodiment of the invention, sensor installation site synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 is in the embodiment of the invention, and flowmeter magnet ring magnetic induction density horizontal component is along magnet ring Z-direction decay pattern.
Fig. 6 is in the embodiment of the invention, sensor output waveform when magnet steel turns clockwise.
Fig. 7 is in the embodiment of the invention, sensor output waveform when magnet steel is rotated counterclockwise.
Fig. 8 is in the embodiment of the invention, and magnet steel turns to from dextrorotation and is rotated counterclockwise when conversion sensor output waveform.
Fig. 9 is in the embodiment of the invention, and magnet steel is from being rotated counterclockwise sensor output waveform when turning clockwise conversion.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explanation.
Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, dual-use function passive sensor of the present invention comprises shell 1, and sensing assembly 2 is housed in the shell 1, and sensing assembly 2 is electrically connected with 3 outer leads 4 through printed board 3, and shell 1 port is with 5 encapsulation of epoxy sealing material.
Wherein, said shell 1 is the cylindrical shell of aluminum, shell diameter phi 11mm, high 6mm; Printed board 3 sizes and shell internal diameter are suitable, mainly play the conduct that sensing assembly 2 is electrically connected with transition between the outer lead 4; Outer lead 4 comprises 1 ground wire G, 2 output line U
1And U
2, the spacing of 3 lead-in wires meets single-row direct insertion device normal pitch, is convenient to install and use.
Wherein, said sensing assembly 2 is made up of 22, numbers enameled wire windings of 21, No. two responsive silks of a responsive silk 23, No. two enameled wire windings 24, No. three enameled wire windings 25, No. four enameled wire windings 26 and skeleton 27.Skeleton 27 is X-shape skeletons of processing with high-temperature resistance plastice, can be the X-shape skeleton of any angle, preferred cross shape.The X axle of skeleton 27 and Y axle respectively are provided with one towards opposing groove, and X axle groove makes progress, and Y axle groove is downward.No. one responsive silk 21 is embedded in the X axle groove of cruciform skeleton 27, enameled wire winding 23 and No. two enameled wire windings 24 around No. one responsive 21 be wrapped in respectively on the both wings of X axle of cruciform skeleton 27; No. two responsive silk 22 is embedded in the Y axle groove of cruciform skeleton 27, No. three enameled wire windings 25 and No. four enameled wire windings 26 around No. two responsive 22 be wrapped in respectively on the both wings of Y axle of cruciform skeleton 27.In practical application; The magnetic field that magnet ring produces is uneven often; In order to make 2 responsive silks be in same magnetic field intensity scope; Require 2 responsive silks to be in same plane as far as possible, X axle groove bottom and Y axle groove bottom are separated by less than 0.3mm among the present invention, make 21 and No. two responsive silks 22 of a responsive silk near being in the same plane.The number of turn of 4 enameled wire windings is identical, is 2000 circles.
An enameled wire winding 23 and No. two enameled wire winding 24 electricity are connected, and form the inductive coil of a responsive silk 21; No. three enameled wire windings 23 and No. four enameled wire winding 24 electricity are connected, and form the inductive coil of No. two responsive silks 22; One end of two inductive coils is electrically connected mutually, and is electrically connected with the earth terminal G of outer lead 4 through printed board 3 together: the other end of the inductive coil of a responsive silk is through the output terminal U of printed board 3 with outer lead 4
1Be electrically connected, the other end of the inductive coil of No. two responsive silks is through the output terminal U of printed board 3 with outer lead 4
2Be electrically connected.
21 and No. two responsive silks 22 of a said responsive silk are the Tie Gufanhejin silk, are a kind of function alloy silks with magnetic bi-stable characteristic according to the preparation of ZL200610086134.5 patented technology, in alternating magnetic field; When certain polarity magnetic field that is parallel to responsive silk reaches triggering magnetic induction density; When just excitation field intensity reached responsive silk magnetic field turn threshold, the magnetic domain in the responsive silk inner core received excitation and can move, and responsive silk inner core DOM moment overturns; Turn to and the same direction of current magnetic field; If in responsive silk surrounding space magnetic field instantaneous variation taking place also, in the inductive coil of responsive silk, generates an electric pulse thus, simultaneously after this this field weakening; Responsive silk DOM will keep stablizing constant, and inductive coil does not have electric signal output yet; But when opposite polarity magnetic field is strengthened to when triggering magnetic induction density, responsive silk DOM again moment overturn, and in inductive coil, generate an electric pulse in the opposite direction.So repeatedly, promptly under the incentive action of continuous alternation external magnetic field, two output terminal U of said passive sensor
1And U
2The electric pulse of output will be the one-period circulation change with 4 positive negative pulse stuffings.Responsive silk magnetic field turn threshold size is relevant with the magnetic characteristic of responsive silk.Magnetoelectricity converting characteristic curve with the above-mentioned responsive sensor of processing is as shown in Figure 3, the magnetic induction density threshold value B of excitation field
t≈ 4.0mT (milli tesla).Fig. 3 shows, the excitation field that the responsive silk of this instance DOM moment, upset took place is B >=4.0mT, promptly when B >=4.0mT, can make normal operation of sensor.The sensor output signal amplitude need not be passed through amplification and can directly supply back level single-chip microcomputer treatment circuit to carry out the aggregation of data processing greater than 2 volts.
Count example explanation sensor of the present invention in the application aspect the intelligent flow metering with certain gas flow below.
As shown in Figure 4, the flowmeter rotation wing 6 is provided with magnet ring 7, and sensor is installed in the top of magnet ring 7, two output line U of sensor outer lead 4
1, U
2Be connected with intelligent flow metering single-chip microcomputer treatment circuit with ground wire G.Said magnet ring 7 is for having the axial charging magnet ring of a pair of N, S magnetic pole, and Fig. 5 is that this magnet ring magnetic induction density horizontal component is along magnet ring Z-direction decay pattern.Fig. 5 shows that along with the increase of distance, magnet ring 7 magnetic induction density descend rapidly, and when distance reached 6mm, magnetic induction density decayed to 4.7mT.In order to ensure sensor ability operate as normal, two responsive silks 21 and 22 of sensor are positioned in the magnet ring 7 top 6mm.When in the flowmeter during gas flow, gas promotes the rotation wing 6 and rotates, and drives magnet ring 7 and rotate.Magnet ring 7 whenever rotates a circle, and sensor two output terminals are exported a positive pulse respectively, and a negative pulse has 4 positive negative.When magnet ring rotated continuously, sensor two output terminal waveforms were that the one-period circulation changes with 4 positive negative pulse stuffings then.
The sensor two output terminal U that Fig. 6～Fig. 9 shows for oscillograph
1And U
2Output waveform.That " 1 " indication is U among the figure
1The end waveform, " 2 " indication be U
2The end waveform, " CH1 2.00V " and " CH2 2.00V " expression passage 1 is 2.00 volts with the every lattice of passage 2 ordinate voltages, and " M 1.00s " expression every lattice of horizontal ordinate time are 1 second.
Suppose U
1The positive pulse of output is designated as V
1 +, negative pulse is designated as V
1 -With U
2The positive pulse of output is designated as V
2 +, negative pulse is designated as V
2 Magnet ring 7 whenever rotates a circle, sensor two output terminal U
1, U
2Output pulse train be designated as [... ], so:
Like Fig. 6, when magnet ring 7 turns clockwise continuously, sensor two output terminal U
1, U
2The output waveform sequential be followed successively by [... V
1 -V
2 -] [V
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -] [V
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -] [V
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -]
Like Fig. 7, when magnet ring 7 is rotated counterclockwise continuously, sensor two output terminal U
1, U
2The output waveform sequential be followed successively by [... V
1 -V
2 +] [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +]
Like Fig. 8, when magnet ring 7 is rotated counterclockwise conversion from clockwise direction, sensor two output terminal U
1, U
2The output waveform sequential be followed successively by [... V
2 -] [V
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -] [V
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -] [V
1 +V
2 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] [V
1 +V
2 -V
1V
2 +]
Like Fig. 9, magnet ring 7 is from counterclockwise to turning clockwise when conversion, sensor two output terminal U
1, U
2The output waveform sequential be followed successively by [... V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] [V
1 +V
1 -V
2 -] [V
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -] ...
Analyze above-mentioned waveform sequential and can find following characteristic:
1, when magnet ring turns clockwise continuously, sensor output is one-period with 4 pulses, and pulse sequence is characterized as [V
1 +V
2 +V
1V
2], V of promptly every appearance
1 +After must follow closely and a V occurs
2 +, V of every appearance
1 -After must follow closely and a V occurs
2 -Perhaps, per two V
1 +Between a V must appear
2 +, a V
2 -, and V
2 +Preceding, V
2After.In this instance, the period 1 have only two pulses [... V
1V
2], this is to begin to show from second half because of oscillograph.
2, when magnet ring was rotated counterclockwise continuously, pulse sequence was characterized as [V
1 +V
2 -V
1V
2 +], V of promptly every appearance
1 +After must follow closely and a V occurs
2 -, V of every appearance
1 -After must follow closely and a V occurs
2 +Perhaps, per two V
1 +Between a V must appear
2, a V
2 +, and V
2Preceding, V
2 +After.Equally, in this instance, the period 1 have only two pulses [... V
1 -V
2 +], this is also because oscillograph is to begin to show from second half.
3, be rotated counterclockwise when conversion from clockwise direction when magnet ring, temporal aspect is from [V
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -] change [V into
1 +V
2V
1 -V
2 +].In this instance, the period 4 sequential becomes [V
1 +V
2 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +], first cycle V
1 +V
2 +Be clockwise characteristic, second cycle V
1 -V
2 +Be counterclockwise characteristic, the centre has more a V
2 -, explain that the magnet ring magnetic pole begins to turn between upper and lower half cycle of period 4.
4, when magnet ring from counterclockwise to turning clockwise when conversion, temporal aspect is from [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] change [V into
1 +V
2 +V
1 -V
2 -].In this instance, the period 5 sequential becomes [V
1 +V
1 -V
2 -], first cycle should be V
1 +V
2 -, but lacked a V
2 -, second cycle V
1 -V
2 -Be clockwise characteristic, explain that the magnet ring magnetic pole begins to turn at the period 5 upper half.
Comparison diagram 8 and Fig. 9 when magnet ring turns to, have more a pulse sometimes, lack a pulse sometimes, and this is relevant with the particular location that magnet ring turns to.
Utilize existing singlechip technology paired pulses to count, and, can detect the magnet ring number of revolutions simultaneously and turn to, and then calculate the flow and the flow direction of gas based on above-mentioned pulse sequence characteristic.In case find sequential just like Fig. 8 or Fig. 9, explain that abnormal conditions appear in flowmeter, single-chip microcomputer sends alerting signal immediately, and corresponding disposal is made in flow metering.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. passive sensor; Comprise shell (1), sensing assembly (2), printed board (3), outer lead (4) and encapsulant (5); Sensing assembly (2) is arranged in the shell (1); It is characterized in that sensing assembly (2) is electrically connected with 3 outer leads (4) through printed board (3), 3 outer leads (4) are respectively two output terminal U of sensor
1And U
2With an earth terminal G, shell (1) port encapsulates with epoxy sealing material (5); Said sensing assembly (2) comprises 2 responsive silks, 4 enameled wire windings and 1 skeleton (27) as responsive silk and enameled wire winding carrier; Said skeleton (27) is the skeleton of being made up of X axle and two limbs intersections of Y axle; The limb of intersecting forms four arms, and skeleton (27) is a nonmagnetic substance, on X axle and Y axle, respectively is provided with a groove; Two groove openings are towards opposing; 2 responsive silks are embedded in respectively in the groove of X axle and Y axle, and 4 enameled wire windings are wrapped in respectively on four arms of skeleton (27), form the inductive coil of institute around sensitivity thread around 2 enameled wire windings in series of same responsive silk.
2. a kind of passive sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that spacing distance between X axle groove bottom and the Y axle groove bottom is less than 0.3mm.
3. a kind of passive sensor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that skeleton (27) is a cross shape.
4. a kind of passive sensor according to claim 1 and 2; Four ends that it is characterized in that the inductive coil of two responsive silks; Get adjacent connection back, two ends and be electrically connected through the earth terminal G of printed board (3) with outer lead (4), two ends are respectively through the output terminal U of printed board (3) with outer lead (4) in addition
1And U
2Be electrically connected.
5. a kind of passive sensor according to claim 3; Four ends that it is characterized in that the inductive coil of two responsive silks; Get adjacent connection back, two ends and be electrically connected through the earth terminal G of printed board (3) with outer lead (4), two ends are respectively through the output terminal U of printed board (3) with outer lead (4) in addition
1And U
2Be electrically connected.
6. according to the method for sensing of each described passive sensor of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that being rotated simultaneously two kinds of sensings of counting and direction identification: on rotating object to be measured, magnet steel is installed, when magnet steel rotates with object under test, is produced alternating magnetic field; Responsive silk in the said sensing assembly (2) is a magnetic bi-stable alloy wire, and under alternating magnetic field encourages, the DOM of responsive silk inner core will instant reverse take place with the variation of external magnetic field polarity, and in the inductive coil of responsive silk periphery, generate positive negative; Under the excitation of continuous alternating magnetic field, two output terminal U of said passive sensor
1And U
2The electric signal of output is that the one-period circulation changes with 4 positive negative pulse stuffings, and paired pulses is counted, and the positive negative pulse stuffing temporal aspect is analyzed, and can realize two kinds of sensing identifications of rotation counting and direction identification simultaneously.
7. the method for sensing of passive sensor according to claim 6 is characterized in that rotation counting is sensed as: under the excitation of alternating magnetic field, responsive silk DOM moment overturns; And then in inductive coil, generate electric pulse; In every one week of variation of alternating magnetic field, each takes place once forward and reverse upset in responsive silk DOM, and inductive coil then generates a pair of positive and negative electric pulse; When rotating object to be measured rotates continuously, two output terminal U of sensor
1And U
2Export a series of positive and negative electric impulse signals respectively,, can detect the magnet steel number of revolutions wherein one the road or simultaneously the positive and negative variation of two-way electric impulse signal is counted;
Direction identification is sensed as: action of alternating magnetic field on the responsive silk of sensor, sensor output terminal U
1And U
2Produce one group of positive and negative electric pulse respectively, the characteristic of two groups of electric impulse signal sequential and the direct correlation of magnet steel sense of rotation according to these two groups of electric impulse signal temporal aspects, can be analyzed the sense of rotation that identifies magnet steel.
8. according to the method for sensing of claim 6 or 7 described passive sensors, when it is characterized in that travel direction identification sensing, when magnet steel turned clockwise, sensor output electric pulse signal sequence was [V
1 +V
2 +V
1V
2]; When magnet steel was rotated counterclockwise, sensor output electric pulse signal sequence was [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +]; When magnet steel turned to counterclockwise conversion by dextrorotation, sensor output electric pulse signal sequence was by [V
1 +V
2 +V
1V
2] become [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +]; Magnet steel is by being rotated counterclockwise when the clockwise conversion, and sensor output electric pulse signal sequence is by [V
1 +V
2 -V
1 -V
2 +] become [V
1 +V
2 +V
1V
2], V
1And V
2Be respectively output terminal U
1And U
2Output pulse signal, "+" and "-" indicating impulse signal positive and negative.
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| CN110914648A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-03-24 | 恩德斯+豪斯流量技术股份有限公司 | Method for producing a magneto-inductive flow meter and magneto-inductive flow meter |
| CN110914648B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2021-08-10 | 恩德斯+豪斯流量技术股份有限公司 | Method for producing a coil holder of a magnetically inductive flow meter, and magnetically inductive flow meter |
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