CN102306136A - Baud rate self-adaption method based on input capture function of singlechip - Google Patents
Baud rate self-adaption method based on input capture function of singlechip Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Baud rate self-adaption method based on an input capture function of a singlechip. A falling edge of a GPIO (general purpose input/output) port of the singlechip is used for triggering an interrupt function and a timer count function to capture two falling edges generated by the received data; the time between the two falling edges is counted to solve the minimal code element width; and the Baud rate of a host is determined according to the solved minimal code element width. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that handshake time is quick, various environments are adapted, the self-adaption can be realized without sending specified data, and only one GPIO port hardware is occupied for realization. The application range is wide, operation is flexible, and the self-adaption can be realized under the condition of irregular waveforms of a serial port, thus the method can be widely applied to various embedded products which adopt a serial asynchronous communication mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the serial communication field, particularly a kind of baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function.
Background technology
RS485 communication is the same with serial communication, is that byte data is sent and received in step-by-step (bit).Although the parallel communications than by byte (byte) is slow, serial ports can receive data with other single line when using single line to send data.Do not have the clock synchronized line between this, this just requires to send and receives two sides and must guarantee that the speed of communicating by letter is identical, otherwise error code occurs.The most important parameter of serial communication is baud rate, data bit, position of rest and parity checking.For two ports that pass through, these parameters must be mated.And realize that baud rate self-adapting is exactly to differentiate up baud rate, to adjust the communication baud rate of oneself, realizes the coupling of traffic rate.
The present mode that adopts of baud rate self-adapting is the standard baud rate method of exhaustion generally speaking.This method requires the baud rate of main frame between limited several fixed numbers, to change, and like the standard value between 300b/s~9.6 kb/s, and the working oscillation frequency of slave is known and stable.After slave starts signal procedure, attempt one by one receiving the specific character that main frame sends, till correctly receiving with different baud rates.Therefore, the utilization of this method has certain limitation, and the time of shaking hands is too slow.Also having a kind of is the self-adaptation of accomplishing baud rate through the timing width between rising edge on the timing RXD pin and the negative edge.This mode requires than higher the baud rate waveform, must be the UART waveform of standard, if the waveform irregularity of serial ports then can't be accomplished self-adaptation, than higher, applicability is not high to the environmental requirement of hardware.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of time of shaking hands fast, applied widely, the while also can be accomplished adaptive baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function under the situation of the waveform irregularity of serial ports.
The present invention addresses the above problem the technical scheme that is adopted: following a kind of baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function is provided; It is characterized in that: the negative edge through using controller general GPIO mouth triggers interrupt function and timer tally function; Catch two negative edges producing of the data that receive; Time between these two negative edges of timing is obtained its minimum symbol width, and confirms the baud rate of main frame according to the minimum symbol width of obtaining;
Concrete implementation method may further comprise the steps:
Step 101: an input capture passage to a timer carries out initialization, and the general GPIO negative edge input of opening said input capture passage is simultaneously interrupted, and forbids that the negative edge input capture of said input capture passage interrupts;
Step 102: minimum symbol width and each quantity of state relevant with input capture, sign are carried out initialization, and the initial overall situation is caught the result and is masked as and does not capture two negative edges, and the trapped state machine is caught the input of first negative edge for wait;
Step 103: wait for interruption generating, interrupt then get into step 104, interrupt then get into step 201 if produce the negative edge input capture of input capture passage if produce the input of GPIO negative edge;
Step 104: the GPIO negative edge input down trigger on the said input capture passage;
Step 105: judge that said input capture passage negative edge input capture interrupts whether accomplishing two negative edges and catches, if, get into step 109, not then to get into step 106;
Step 106: whether the trapped state machine of judging said input capture passage has only captured first negative edge, if, get back to step 103, not then to get into step 107;
Step 107: because said first negative edge of input capture passage does not capture yet, judge the negative edge input capture of said input capture passage interrupts whether opening, if, get back to step 103, not then to get into step 108;
Step 108: open the negative edge input capture interruption of said input capture passage and get back to step 103;
Step 109: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching is the minimum symbol width of relevant baud rate, if, get into step 110, not then to get back to step 102;
Step 110: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching can confirm the baud rate of the data that receive, if, get into step 111, not then to get back to step 102;
Step 111: self baud rate is adjusted processing;
Step 112: accomplish one time self-adaptive processing; And the negative edge input capture of forbidding said input capture passage interrupts; General GPIO negative edge input is interrupted the continuation unlatching and is got back to step 102, waits for that the start bit negative edge of UART communication next time triggers GPIO negative edge input interruption
Step 201: the negative edge input capture down trigger of said input capture passage;
Step 202: judge whether the trapped state machine is to wait for catching first negative edge input, if, get into step 203, not then to get into step 204;
Step 203: read the count value T1 first time of said timer, and preserve count value, initially the trapped state machine of oneself is for waiting for that catching second negative edge input interrupts and entering step 210;
Step 204: read the count value T2 second time of said timer, and judge whether the counting of said timer overflows, if, get into step 205, not then to get into step 206;
Step 205: to count value T1, T2 zero clearing and get into step 209;
Step 206: calculate the value of (T2-T1)/2, the minimum symbol width of promptly catching, and whether judge the minimum symbol width of current gained less than the minimum symbol width of gained last time, if, get into step 207, not then to get into step 209;
Step 207: upgrade the minimum symbol width value of preserving;
Step 208: the mark overall situation is caught the result and is masked as to accomplish and catches two negative edges;
Step 209: initially the trapped state machine of oneself is for waiting for that catching first negative edge input interrupts;
Step 210: withdraw from the negative edge input capture interruption of said input capture passage and get back to step 102.
Before getting into described step 101, need said input capture passage pin be linked to each other with the RXD pin of UART and require this GPIO mouth to have negative edge and import interrupt function.
Before getting into described step 101, need define the count value of different baud rates minimum symbol width under the corresponding timing beat of said input capture passage.
When judging minimum symbol width, catch " two negative edges ".First negative edge when each UART begins to communicate by letter, the negative edge of start bit just, the negative edge input capture of always opening said input capture passage interrupts.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the time of shaking hands is fast, can adapt to various environment, need not to send specific data and can accomplish self-adaptation, and only need to take a GPIO mouth more above the hardware and just can realize.Because applied widely, flexible operation, under the situation of the waveform irregularity of serial ports, also can accomplish self-adaptation simultaneously, thereby can be widely used in the various embedded products that have a serial asynchronous communication mode.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the realization flow figure that the present invention is based on the baud rate adaptation method of single-chip microcomputer input capture function;
Fig. 2 the present invention is based on the processing flow chart that timer 2 passage 2 negative edge input captures interrupt in the baud rate adaptation method of single-chip microcomputer input capture function.
Embodiment
For ease of control method of the present invention is described,, the baud rate adaptation method that the present invention is based on single-chip microcomputer level input capture function is elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
A kind of baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer level input capture function; Negative edge through using single-chip microcomputer GPIO mouth interrupts and the timer tally function; Catch two negative edges producing of the data that receive; Time between these two negative edges of timing is obtained its minimum symbol width, and confirms the baud rate of main frame according to the minimum symbol width of obtaining;
In the present embodiment, single-chip microcomputer adopts stm8s103F3, and the input capture passage is PD3, and the input capture passage 2 of time2 just, this pin can support the negative edge input capture of timer to interrupt the negative edge input interruption with common GPIO mouth simultaneously.In the present embodiment the counting beat of initialized time2 be 0.0625us, just every 0.0625us that crosses, the time2 count value adds 1; Because 1/9600=104.2us, promptly the minimum sign indicating number width of 9600BPs is 104.2us, and the count value that is converted into time2 is: 104.2us/0.0625us=1667=0x683; In like manner can draw the corresponding 0xD05 of the count value of other baud rate: 4800BPs; The corresponding 0x1A0A of 2400BPS, the corresponding 0x3415 of 1200BPS, the corresponding 0x682A of 600BPS;
The pin of PD3 is linked to each other with the RXD pin of UART, carries out following steps then:
Step 101: time2 passage 2 is carried out initialization, and the negative edge input of opening PD3 is simultaneously interrupted, and forbids that the negative edge input capture of time2 passage 2 interrupts;
Step 102: minimum symbol width and each quantity of state relevant with input capture, sign are carried out initialization, and the initial overall situation is caught the result and is masked as and does not capture two negative edges, and the trapped state machine is caught the input of first negative edge for wait;
Step 103: wait for interruption generating; If the GPIO negative edge of PD3 is imported down trigger then is got into step 104; If generation time2 passage 2 negative edge input captures interrupt then get into step 201;
Step 104:PD3 negative edge input down trigger;
Step 105: judge that the timer input capture interrupts whether accomplishing two negative edges and catches, if, get into step 109, not then to get into step 106;
Step 106: judge whether the trapped state machine has only captured first negative edge, if, get back to step 103, not then to get into step 107;
Step 107: because first negative edge does not capture yet, judge that time2 passage 2 input captures interrupt whether opening, if, get back to step 103, not then to get into step 108;
Step 108: open the interruption of time2 passage 2 input captures and get back to step 103;
Step 109: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching is the minimum symbol width of relevant baud rate, if, get into step 110, not then to get back to step 102;
Step 110: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching can confirm the baud rate of the data that receive, if, get into step 111, not then to get back to step 102;
Step 111: self baud rate is adjusted processing; Step 112;
Step 112: accomplish one time self-adaptive processing, and forbid that time2 passage 2 input captures interrupt.The GPIO negative edge input of PD3 is interrupted continuing to open, and step 102 waits for that the negative edge triggering of UART initiation of communication position is interrupted next time;
Step 201:time2 passage 2 negative edge input capture down trigger;
Step 202: judge whether to wait for and catch first negative edge, if entering step 203 is not then to get into step 204;
Step 203: read the count value T1 first time of said timer, and preserve count value, initially the trapped state machine of oneself interrupts for waiting for second decline input capture; Step 210;
Step 204: read the count value T2 second time of said timer time2, and judge whether the counting of said timer time2 overflows, if, get into step 205, not then to get into step 206;
Step 205: to count value T1, T2 zero clearing and get into step 209;
Step 206: calculate the value of (T2-T1)/2, whether the minimum symbol width of promptly catching judges the minimum symbol width of current gained less than the minimum symbol width of gained last time, if, get into step 207, not then to get into step 209;
Step 207: upgrade the minimum symbol width value of preserving;
Step 208: the mark overall situation is caught the result and is masked as to accomplish and catches two negative edges;
Step 209: initial time2 passage 2 trapped state machines interrupt for waiting for first negative edge input capture;
Step 210: withdraw from the negative edge input capture Interrupt Process of said time2 passage 2 and get back to step 102.
Adopted asynchronous serial communication data layout comparatively commonly used in the present embodiment, i.e. 1 start bit, 8 data bit, even parity check, 1 position of rest, during transmission low data preceding, high-order after.The value of at this moment catching resulting counter is the width of optimal two bit, is exactly a symbol width that corresponding baud rate is minimum divided by 2.Though also might be the width of three or four even more a plurality of bit, keep minimum one all the time, promptly no matter when, all can obtain the width of a bit of corresponding baud rate.Why directly do not catch clocking value between a negative edge and the rising edge and be since sometimes the waveform of serial ports be not desirable standard so, the width of each bit does not equate.The width of catching two bit that adopts in the present embodiment is near desirable value divided by the width of 2 resulting bit again, just can judge according to this value how many up baud rates specifically is, adjusts the baud rate of self with this.
The present invention does not simultaneously need transmitter must send fixing data message, as long as the data-switching of being accepted becomes scale-of-two to exist the such position of 101B continuous, and just can the successful width of catching a bit.
The passage 2 of the time2 of the stm8s103F3 chip that present embodiment is used is just in time supported the level capturing function; But need to prove; It is not to use the level input capture function of timer that this baud rate is fitted existing mechanism; If the timer of the single-chip microcomputer of existing platform does not prop up skill level input capture function, can interrupt through the negative edge of GPIO mouth accomplishing fully, its realization mechanism is the same.
Claims (4)
1. baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function; It is characterized in that: the negative edge through using controller general GPIO mouth triggers interrupt function and timer tally function; Catch two negative edges producing of the data that receive; Time between these two negative edges of timing is obtained its minimum symbol width, and confirms the baud rate of main frame according to the minimum symbol width of obtaining;
Concrete implementation method may further comprise the steps:
Step 101: an input capture passage to a timer carries out initialization, and the general GPIO negative edge input of opening said input capture passage is simultaneously interrupted, and forbids that the negative edge input capture of said input capture passage interrupts;
Step 102: minimum symbol width and each quantity of state relevant with input capture, sign are carried out initialization, and the initial overall situation is caught the result and is masked as and does not capture two negative edges, and the trapped state machine is caught the input of first negative edge for wait;
Step 103: wait for interruption generating, interrupt then get into step 104, interrupt then get into step 201 if produce the negative edge input capture of input capture passage if produce the input of GPIO negative edge;
Step 104: the GPIO negative edge input down trigger on the said input capture passage;
Step 105: judge that said input capture passage negative edge input capture interrupts whether accomplishing two negative edges and catches, if, get into step 109, not then to get into step 106;
Step 106: whether the trapped state machine of judging said input capture passage has only captured first negative edge, if, get back to step 103, not then to get into step 107;
Step 107: because said first negative edge of input capture passage does not capture yet, judge the negative edge input capture of said input capture passage interrupts whether opening, if, get back to step 103, not then to get into step 108;
Step 108: open the negative edge input capture interruption of said input capture passage and get back to step 103;
Step 109: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching is the minimum symbol width of relevant baud rate, if, get into step 110, not then to get back to step 102;
Step 110: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching can confirm the baud rate of the data that receive, if, get into step 111, not then to get back to step 102;
Step 111: self baud rate is adjusted processing;
Step 112: accomplish one time self-adaptive processing; And the negative edge input capture of forbidding said input capture passage interrupts; General GPIO negative edge input is interrupted the continuation unlatching and is got back to step 102, waits for that the start bit negative edge of UART communication next time triggers GPIO negative edge input interruption
Step 201: the negative edge input capture down trigger of said input capture passage;
Step 202: judge whether the trapped state machine is to wait for catching first negative edge input, if, get into step 203, not then to get into step 204;
Step 203: read the count value T1 first time of said timer, and preserve count value, initially the trapped state machine of oneself is for waiting for that catching second negative edge input interrupts and entering step 210;
Step 204: read the count value T2 second time of said timer, and judge whether the counting of said timer overflows, if, get into step 205, not then to get into step 206;
Step 205: to count value T1, T2 zero clearing and get into step 209;
Step 206: calculate the value of (T2-T1)/2, the minimum symbol width of promptly catching, and whether judge the minimum symbol width of current gained less than the minimum symbol width of gained last time, if, get into step 207, not then to get into step 209;
Step 207: upgrade the minimum symbol width value of preserving;
Step 208: the mark overall situation is caught the result and is masked as to accomplish and catches two negative edges;
Step 209: initially the trapped state machine of oneself is for waiting for that catching first negative edge input interrupts;
Step 210: withdraw from the negative edge input capture interruption of said input capture passage and get back to step 102.
2. the baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: before getting into described step 101, need said input capture passage pin linked to each other with the RXD pin of UART and require this GPIO mouth to have negative edge and import interrupt function.
3. the baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Before getting into described step 101, need define the count value of different baud rates minimum symbol width under the corresponding timing beat of said input capture passage.
4. the baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
When judging minimum symbol width, catch " two negative edges ", first negative edge when each UART begins to communicate by letter, the negative edge of start bit just, the negative edge input capture of always opening said input capture passage interrupts.
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CN112422363A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-26 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | Automatic detection device and method for asynchronous serial port communication baud rate |
CN112821985A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control method and control device of encoder, servo motor and encoder |
CN112559412A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-26 | 上海灵动微电子股份有限公司 | Serial port baud rate self-adaptive receiving end, realization method and system |
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