CN102304778A - Euchroic-displaying multi-groove section fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Euchroic-displaying multi-groove section fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102304778A CN102304778A CN201110243452A CN201110243452A CN102304778A CN 102304778 A CN102304778 A CN 102304778A CN 201110243452 A CN201110243452 A CN 201110243452A CN 201110243452 A CN201110243452 A CN 201110243452A CN 102304778 A CN102304778 A CN 102304778A
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Abstract
The invention relates to euchroic-displaying multi-groove section fiber and a preparation method thereof. The section of the fiber has a groove shape and the number of the grooves is 1 to 14. The preparation method comprises the step of performing melt spinning on the dried high polymer slices or melt by using a screw extruder spinning component, wherein in the melt spinning step, a spinneret plate has a multi-groove structure of single fiber formed by adhering after integrated type special-shaped single-hole or separated type multi-hole spinneret. After the fiber is dyed, a relatively deeper and purer color is obtained, and surface waxy feeling can be eliminated. The preparation method is simple. The euchroic-displaying multi-channel section fiber has low requirement on equipment and can be produced on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to profiled fibre and preparation field thereof, particularly a kind of apparent many trench cross section of euchroic fiber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Profiled filament has improved the performance of fiber greatly with different fibrous raw materials and abundant cross sectional shape, becomes the desirable feedstock of imitative natural fabric, non-weaving cloth and imitation leather coating.Dupont (Du Pont) company adopts expanded adherence process to spin out the triangular-section fiber in nineteen fifty-three; Having proposed composite spinning method processes behind the composite fibre again through separating the approach of making profiled filament; And the patent of having applied for four angular cross section silks (US patent Office, Patent No.3109220) and five angular cross section silks (US patent Office, Patent No.3109768); Early 1960s, E.I.Du Pont Company developed good nylon 66 doughnuts (the US patent Office of warmth retention property; Patent No.002804645, Robert E.W., Wilmington D.; Du Pont de Nemours and Company, May 1953.).
Japan develops profiled filament since the sixties in 20th century, and countries such as Britain, Italy and the former Soviet Union also develop this series products in succession subsequently.To the seventies; Japan steps up the research and development of new product-fibre in differentiation, functional fiber and high-performance fiber; Companies such as east beautiful (Toray) company releases " imitative chamois leather " superfine fibre fabric, and Supreme Being people (Teijin), clock spin, You Nijika (Unitika), Japan spin have also released the special-shaped fine count fiber product with high added value.The latter stage eighties; Japan releases " shin-gosen " notion; To surmounting natural fabric, indicate that the development of chemical fibre enters in the stage of " closing fine field creates " from the imitated natural fabric style from the imitation natural fabric, Japan has walked the prostatitis in the world in the development and application of profiled filament.The tooth shape cross section of the You Nijika company development and production of Japan and feel and gloss (Unitika, JP6983,1987 that leafy polyester combined yarn fiber arranged side by side has shown the ultranatural silk; Unitika, JP11279897,1999).The Asahi chemical industry Co., Ltd of Asahi Chemical Industry of Japan has developed has the mixed fine long filament of W tee section abnormity polyester, has improved the water imbibition of fiber, has improved coloration of textile materials property (JP 11222721,1999).Toray company adopts composite spinning technology, develops the polyester fiber " Sillook Royal " in three petal cross sections, and the friction sound of its fabric and " scroop " of real silk are very near (Toray, JP14940,1991; Toray, JP14941,1991; Toray, JP124807,1991)." Silcarat " of the exploitation of Japan Kuraray (Karare) company is triangle section core-sheath-type composite polyester fiber; Refraction index is near the refraction index of cotton fiber and polyamide fiber, and its core shape is the circle that has three wedge angles in addition, helps light and reflects away from core sheath interface; And the non-colored light stack that reflects away with sheath portion (fiber surface) from triangular prism shape; Thereby produce jewelly effect (Karare, JP104811,1989; Karare, JP104812,1989).
At present the profiled filament of suitability for industrialized production mainly contains triangle, trilobal, quatrefoil, five leaf, pentagon, sexfoil, octofoil, Y shape, T shape, mountain font, I or H or I shape, W shape, fan-shaped, Jing Zixing, hollow and polygon or leafy shape and the prismatic complex morphological of hollow.The profiled filament of different cross section form all has the influence of highly significant to bending, compression, feel and the surface characteristic of fiber assembly; Its key property shows because of high-specific surface area has high wicking leads wet characteristic with height; Especially show the optical property aspect, the triangular-section terylene can send the gloss as the similar silk, and the pentalobal cross-section demonstrates similar artificial silk; Gloss as the cellestron silk, the character of profiled filament are different and different with cross sectional shape.
The cross section of natural profiled fibre silk is subtriangular; The reflection light that fiber surface is produced strengthens; And silk fiber is made up of fibril; Fibril is layered arrangement, reflects, reflects the back layer by layer after making the light that shines fiber or fabric get into fibrous inside to produce the interference of light at the fiber outer surface, forms beautiful, the pleasing flash effect of gloss.Cotton fiber also has sun layer structure, and reflecting, reflect back fiber outer surface layer by layer has chroma, and gloss is also very graceful.The scale of wool also can produce visual sense of beauty such as fat light.Simultaneously; The all out-of-flatnesses of all surface of natural fibers exist fine groove or scale, and this makes fiber outer surface reverberation that sufficient scattering take place; Outer surface intensity of reflected light on arbitrary direction reduces significantly, and fabric can fully show the coloured light from fibrous inside.Because external surface of objects reverberation wavelength equals lambda1-wavelength, makes the outer surface reverberation generally present the white of incident light.
Yet; Ordinary chemical fiber inside is difficult to make layer structure; Especially synthetic fiber smooth surface; Make that fiber outer surface reflected white light is very strong, when making dark textiles color obviously turn white, burnt hair, exist apparent colour more shallow or show the shortcomings such as poor performance, the sense of feel wax shape of true color.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of apparent many trench cross section of euchroic fiber and preparation method thereof, have more deeply after this stock-dye, purer color, and wet transmitting performance is improved, and has eliminated the sense of surface wax shape; This preparation method is simple, and is low for equipment requirements, can be mass-produced.
A kind of apparent many trench cross section of euchroic fiber of the present invention, this fibre section is a channel form, the groove number is 1～14.
There is the micropore unit of symmetrical expression, dislocation type or dual mode assembled arrangement described fibre section.
The filament number of described many trench cross section fiber is 1.0～15dtex, is to be made by the section or the spinning of fused mass directly spinning raw material that have much light or half delustring polyester, polyamide that are fit to melt spinning.
Describedly have much light or half delustring polyester, polyamide is preferably polyethylene terephtalate or polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT.
The mean depth of described groove is 2～30 μ m, and the groove mean breadth is 2～30 μ m.
A kind of apparent many trench cross-section of euchroic fiber preparation method of the present invention comprises:
The screw extruder filament spinning component is passed through in dried high polymer section or melt, carry out melt spinning, cool off through lateral blowing; Oil; Reel, obtain many trench cross-section fiber POY, drawing-off obtains many trench cross-section fiber DT silk or adds bullet obtaining many trench cross-section fiber DTY silk then;
Or with the section of dried high polymer or melt through the screw extruder filament spinning component, carry out melt spinning, through the lateral blowing cooling, oil, drawing-off is reeled, and obtains many trench cross-section fiber FDY long filament at last;
Wherein the spinneret orifice of spinnerets is many groove structures in the melt spinning, and the groove number is 1～14.
Described high polymer has much light or half delustring polyester, polyamide-based high polymer for what be fit to melt spinning, is preferably polyethylene terephtalate or polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT.
The thickness of said spinnerets is 5～15mm, and the arrangement mode of multifilament and conventional fibre are similar on the spinnerets, and is for example shown in Figure 3.
Described spinneret orifice is that vertically its draw ratio is 0.5: 1-5: 1; The spread pattern of single fiber spinneret orifice is monoblock type or separate type; Monoblock type be single irregularly-shaped hole shown in the b-1 and b-2 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, separate type by 1-15 the rule basic micropore unit form, shown in the a-1 and a-2 of accompanying drawing 1～Fig. 2; One of them is main micropore; All the other are all the side micropore, and the side micropore serves as that axle is rendered as the distribution of symmetrical expression and wrong position with main micropore, and spinning melt is expanded after the separate type micropore sprays to be bonded into trench cross-section structure more than.
The parameter designing of the monoblock type of single fiber and separate type spinneret orifice is as follows (referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 2): 0.05≤d≤0.30mm, 0.08≤s≤0.30mm, 0.05≤h≤0.25mm; 0.20≤L≤1.20mm, 0.02≤p≤0.06mm, 0.05≤W≤0.20mm; 0.05≤g≤0.10,0.04mm≤r≤d, wherein; L and W are respectively the length and the width of main micropore, and h and d are respectively the length and the width of side micropore; P is the spacing of side micropore and main micropore, and g is that the side micropore at edge and the stand-off of main micropore (are the distance between outside the side micropore outside and the main micropore at edge in the rectangular side microcellular structure; Be major axis and the distance between the main micropore outside of the side micropore at edge in oval side microcellular structure), r is the opening size of side micropore on main micropore.
The mean depth of each groove is 0.15～0.60mm in the described groove, and mean breadth is 0.10～0.30mm.
Fiber of the present invention has the big and many grooves odd-shaped cross section characteristic of surface curvature change; Can make fiber assembly outer surface reverberation that abundant scattering takes place; Reduce the human eye that is in a certain observation place and can see the catoptrical amount of fiber surface; And make light between the fiber groove and inner reflected refraction repeatedly take place and increase reverberation content, and then make that fiber assembly after the dyeing has more deeply, purer color from fibrous inside.Simultaneously, can improve the wet transmitting performance of fiber, eliminate the sense of surface wax shape.
Know-why of the present invention is that numerical simulation technology is introduced the fibre morphology structural design, and three principles are followed in fiber cross section design: (1) increased fiber surface curvature, and abundant scattering takes place in the reverberation that lets the outer surface of fiber produce; (2) increased fiber specific area, multimachine can get into fibrous inside to let light have more, the pure color that this part light will display fibers when inner surface reflexes to the fiber collection external; (3) let the fiber inner surface that light is reflected and converge, there is the content of coloured light on fortifying fibre aggregate surface.
For example, we see Fig. 4 to the reverberation direction Distribution calculation result of circle, trilobal and quatrefoil cross section PET fiber, and wherein Fig. 4 (d) is the light path coordinate diagram of trifoil cross-section fiber, abscissa α
tThe expression fiber surface arbitrarily a bit with the angle (radian) of origin of coordinates line and Y axle forward, ordinate β
rThe expression fiber surface is the reflection ray of any and the angle (radian) of Y axle forward arbitrarily, θ
0Expression incident ray and Y axle forward angle, other two kinds of fibers have similar coordinate system and each viewpoint definition.At 3 kinds of incident angle θ
0=π/3rad, θ
0=π/4rad, θ
0Under=π/6rad condition, fiber surface diverse location α
tThe reverberation deflection at place respectively as Fig. 4 (a), 4 (b) and 4 (c) shown in, the surface reflection direction β of circle, trilobal and quatrefoil fiber
rThe amplitude of variation scope roughly is respectively 2rad, 3rad, 2rad; Reverberation direction that the more important thing is the quatrefoil fiber changes fast; Make the observer who is in a certain direction can only see the reverberation of a certain narrow of fiber surface, see that the amount of surface reflection reduces naturally.In addition, it not is dullness that the refract light direction of trilobal and quatrefoil cross-section fibers changes, β
rThe similar convex lens effect of augmenting portion, β
rReduce part gradually and show as the effect that light is had scattering, similar concavees lens effect, resultant effect causes the distortion of refract light and transmitted light direction to change, and is also beneficial to the screening performance of fiber assembly.
For many grooves profiled fibre; The groove concavo-convex number degree of depth more and groove in cross section is big more; The surface curvature change frequency is bigger; Light is more at random in the scatter distributions direction of fiber groove outer surface, and through repeatedly reflection and decay, and makes the intensity and the directionality variation of surface reflection.And at the light of fibrous inside through repeatedly reflected refraction, the quantity that makes internal refraction light transmit the coloured light that fiber surface light produces increases, thereby embodies the color of fiber itself.
Beneficial effect:
(1) have more deeply after the stock-dye of the present invention, purer color, and wet transmitting performance is improved, and eliminates the sense of surface wax shape.
(2) preparation method of the present invention is simple, and is low for equipment requirements, can be mass-produced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is many grooves profiled fibre spinneret orifice design of rectangular element; Wherein a-1 is the separate type symmetric arrays, and a-2 is that separate type is arranged mistake, and b-1 is the monoblock type symmetric arrays, and b-2 is that monoblock type is arranged mistake;
Fig. 2 is many grooves profiled fibre spinneret orifice design of oval unit;
Fig. 3 is the arrangement signal of multifilament spinneret orifice on the spinnerets;
Fig. 4 is that the surface reflection deflection of circle, trilobal and quatrefoil fiber distributes;
Fig. 5 is many grooves profiled fibre simulate effect sketch map of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can do various changes or modification to the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Make the PET DTY long filament of 222.2dtex/24F.
Raw material: PET, inherent viscosity (0.675 ± 0.015) dL/g, 240～255 ℃ of fusing points
The spinneret orifice design is shown in Fig. 1 (a-1), and the spinneret orifice parameter is d=0.05mm respectively, s=0.10mm, h=0.15mm, g=0.05, L=1.05mm, p=0.02mm, W=0.10mm, 2 * 6 (each 6 groove of both sides, down together) groove.
Adopt Foume110L vacuum drum drying machine that PET is cut into slices and carry out drying (process conditions: 145 ℃ of temperature, time 48h; Dry back moisture content 50ppm) it is dry sliced preferably to obtain uniformity; Sending into model is the screw rod extruding spinning machine melt extruded of ABE Φ 25 * 2; Get into filament spinning component through melt pipe and spray by spinnerets, again through lateral blowing cool off, oil, coiling, doff, obtain the POY silk; Through the first hot carton deformed, false twister, the second hot case typing, the coiling that oils, its concrete spinning technology parameter is seen table 1 at last.
Make the polyester PET DTY long filament of 111.1dtex/24F.
Raw material: PET, inherent viscosity 0.496 ± 0.015) dL/g, 240～251 ℃ of fusing points.
Spinneret orifice is shown in Fig. 1 (b-1), and the spinneret orifice parameter is d=0.05mm respectively, s=0.10m, h=0.15mm, g=0.05, r=0.05, L=0.60mm, W=0.10mm, 2 * 3 grooves.
Adopt Foume110L vacuum drum drying machine that PET is cut into slices and carry out drying (process conditions: 145 ℃ of temperature, time 48h; Dry back section moisture content 50ppm) it is dry sliced preferably to obtain uniformity; Sending into model is the screw rod extruding spinning machine melt extruded of ABE Φ 25 * 2, get into filament spinning component through melt pipe and spray by spinnerets, again through lateral blowing cool off, oil, coiling, doff; Obtain the POY silk; Through the first hot carton deformed, false twister, the second hot case typing, the coiling that oils, winding speed is 800m/min at last, and other spinning technology parameters are same as table 2.
Make the polyester PTT DTY long filament of 111.1dtex/36F.
Raw material: PTT, inherent viscosity (1498 ± 0.015) dL/g, 228～233 ℃ of fusing points.
Spinneret orifice is shown in Fig. 2 (a-1), and the spinneret orifice parameter is d=0.08mm respectively, s=0.10mm, h=0.12mm, g=0.05m, L=0.64mm, p=0.02mm, W=0.10mm, 2 * 3 grooves.
Adopt Foume110L vacuum drum drying machine that PET is cut into slices and carry out drying (process conditions: 120 ℃ of temperature, time 48h; Dry back section moisture content 30ppm) it is dry sliced preferably to obtain uniformity; Sending into model is the screw rod extruding spinning machine melt extruded of ABE Φ 25 * 2; Get into filament spinning component through melt pipe and spray by spinnerets, again through lateral blowing cool off, oil, coiling, doff, obtain the POY silk; Through the first hot carton deformed, false twister, the second hot case typing, the coiling that oils, its concrete spinning technology parameter is seen table 2 at last.
Embodiment 4
Make the polyester PTT DTY long filament of 83.3dtex/36F.
Raw material: PTT, inherent viscosity 1.327 ± 0.015) dL/g, 228～233 ℃ of fusing points.
Spinneret orifice is shown in Fig. 2 (b-1), and the spinneret orifice parameter is d=0.10mm respectively, s=0.12mm, h=0.12mm, g=0.05, r=0.04mm, L=0.54mm, W=0.10mm, 2 * 2 grooves.
With the JM-500ZGX vacuum drying chamber drying (process conditions: 120 ℃ of temperature, time 48h are carried out in PTT section; Dry back section moisture content 30ppm) it is dry sliced preferably to obtain uniformity; Sending into model is the screw rod extruding spinning machine melt extruded of ABE Φ 25 * 2; Get into filament spinning component through melt pipe and spray by spinnerets, again through lateral blowing cool off, oil, coiling, doff, obtain the POY silk; Through the first hot carton deformed, false twister, the second hot case typing, the coiling that oils, some of concrete spinning technology parameters are seen table 2 at last.
Table 1 melt spinning main technologic parameters table 2 melt spinning main technologic parameters
Claims (10)
1. apparent many trench cross section of euchroic fiber, this fibre section is a channel form, the groove number is 1～14.
2. a kind of apparent many trench cross section of euchroic fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: there is the micropore unit of symmetrical expression, dislocation type or dual mode assembled arrangement described fibre section.
3. a kind of apparent many trench cross section of euchroic fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the filament number of described many trench cross section fiber is 1.0～15dtex, is to be made by the section or the spinning of fused mass directly spinning raw material that have much light or half delustring polyester, polyamide that are fit to melt spinning.
4. a kind of apparent many trench cross section of euchroic fiber according to claim 3 is characterized in that: describedly have much light or half delustring polyester, polyamide is polyethylene terephtalate or polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT.
5. a kind of apparent many trench cross section of euchroic fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mean depth of described groove is 2～30 μ m, the groove mean breadth is 2～30 μ m.
6. apparent many trench cross-section of euchroic fiber preparation method comprises:
The screw extruder filament spinning component is passed through in dried high polymer section or melt, carry out melt spinning, cool off through lateral blowing; Oil; Reel, obtain many trench cross-section fiber POY, drawing-off obtains many trench cross-section fiber DT silk or adds bullet obtaining many trench cross-section fiber DTY silk then;
Or with the section of dried high polymer or melt through the screw extruder filament spinning component, carry out melt spinning, through the lateral blowing cooling, oil, drawing-off is reeled, and obtains many trench cross-section fiber FDY long filament at last;
Wherein the spinneret orifice of spinnerets is many groove structures in the melt spinning, and the groove number is 1～14.
7. a kind of apparent many trench cross-section of euchroic fiber preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described high polymer has much light or half delustring polyester, polyamide-based high polymer for what be fit to melt spinning.
8. a kind of apparent many trench cross-section of euchroic fiber preparation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: describedly have much light or half delustring polyester, polyamide-based high polymer is polyethylene terephtalate or polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT.
9. a kind of apparent many trench cross-section of euchroic fiber preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the thickness of said spinnerets is 5～15mm; The mean depth of each groove is 0.15～0.60mm in the described groove, and mean breadth is 0.10～0.30mm.
10. a kind of apparent many trench cross-section of euchroic fiber preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described spinneret orifice is for vertical, and its draw ratio is 0.5: 1-5: 1; The spread pattern of single fiber spinneret orifice is monoblock type or separate type, and monoblock type is single irregularly-shaped hole; Separate type is made up of the basic micropore unit of 1-15 rule; One of them is main micropore; All the other are all the side micropore, and the side micropore serves as that axle is rendered as the distribution of symmetrical expression and wrong position with main micropore, and spinning melt is expanded after the separate type micropore sprays to be bonded into trench cross-section structure more than; The parameter designing of single fiber spinneret orifice is following: 0.05≤d≤0.30mm, 0.08≤s≤0.30mm, 0.05≤h≤0.25mm, 0.20≤L≤1.20mm, 0.02≤p≤0.06mm, 0.05≤W≤0.20mm, 0.05≤g≤0.10,0.04mm≤r≤d.
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| CN102864512A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-09 | 东华大学 | Double-cross sectional dark fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN104372426A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-25 | 江苏长乐纤维科技有限公司 | Spinning process of approximately-cross-shaped sweat absorption and discharge fiber |
| CN109610019A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-04-12 | 新凤鸣集团股份有限公司 | A kind of production method having light fine-denier caterpillar section FDY fiber |
| CN110117833A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2019-08-13 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN111218741A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-06-02 | 苏州君辉纺织有限公司 | Preparation process of DTY (draw textured yarn) plied yarn with special luster |
| CN111394811A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州汇维仕永盛化纤有限公司 | Light-sensitive regular octagonal star-shaped polyester fiber filament and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102864512A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-09 | 东华大学 | Double-cross sectional dark fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117834B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2021-12-07 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117832B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2021-12-03 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117833A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2019-08-13 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117831A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2019-08-13 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117835A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2019-08-13 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117832A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2019-08-13 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117833B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2021-12-07 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117835B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2021-12-07 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117834A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2019-08-13 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Nylon fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104372426A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-25 | 江苏长乐纤维科技有限公司 | Spinning process of approximately-cross-shaped sweat absorption and discharge fiber |
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Application publication date: 20120104 |