CN102303988A - Method for preparing garden and park nutrient soil by adopting dewatered sludge through fermentation - Google Patents
Method for preparing garden and park nutrient soil by adopting dewatered sludge through fermentation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for preparing garden and park nutrient soil by adopting dewatered sludge through fermentation. With adopting the method, the problems of harmlessness, eutrophication and humification of the prepared garden and park nutrient soil by adopting the dewatered sludge through the fermentation are solved. According to the present invention, with the method, a aerobic-anaerobic alternate fermentation mode is adopted for the prepared fermented material; a aerobic stage is more than or equal to 5 days; a fermentation temperature more than 50 DEG C is generated, wherein the fermentation temperature more than 50 DEG C provides a effect for killing coliform bacteria; the (aerobic stage 5 d-anaerobic stage 3 d) * 3 alternate method can enable the fermented sludge to meet the harmless standards of the garden and park nutrient soil; meanwhile, with the three alternate fermentations, the formulations of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and humus in the fermented sludge can be improved, the eutrophication and the humification of the fermented sludge can be improved so as to achieve purposes of utilization of municipal solid waste on a large scale, and realization of reutilization of the waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment technology of domestic waste, be specifically related to that a kind of to adopt dewatered sludge to carry out aerobic-method of anaerobism alternative method ferment system gardens nutrition soil.
Background technology
Dewatered sludge mainly is meant process dehydration equipment mud that handle, water ratio about 80% in the Sewage Plant, contains large amount of organic, microorganism and pathogenic bacterium etc., and frowziness.In the prior art, the method for handling dewatered sludge mainly contains following several: landfill method, burning method, aerobic fermentation method, anaerobic-aerobic method, heat drying method etc., but the problem of its existence is that the landfill method occupation of land is big, site technology requires height, causes secondary pollution; Burning method produces the toxic and harmful atmosphere pollution, investment is big, energy consumption is high; Heat drying method cost is higher; Fermentation method can be used for sludge composting production, but treatment scale is limited.The stalk that existing sludge fermentation process adopts mushroom bag usually, pulverizes, the dry branches and fallen leaves of pulverizing, wood chip etc. ferment with after mud mixes then.Dewatered sludge is used for ferment system gardens nutrition soil, need reaches the requirement of innoxious, nutrient laden, humify (being called for short three changes); It is innoxious to be meant that coliform is lower than 100/g in the mud after the fermentation, and nutrient laden is meant available nitrogen>=0.12gkg in the mud after the fermentation
-1, available phosphorus>=0.03gkg
-1, humify is meant humus content>=10gkg in the mud after the fermentation
-1Conventional sludge fermentation has aerobic, two kinds of methods of anaerobism, high, the quick heating of aerobic method mud intensification, and it is effective to kill coliform, but organic mineralization degree is high, is difficult to guarantee the nutrient laden and the humify of fermented sludge; The anaerobic process intensification is low, intensification is slow, kill the coliform weak effect, but organic mineralization degree is low, and is higher than aerobic method fermented sludge nutrient laden and degree of humification.But simple aerobic method and anaerobic process are difficult to all realize that mud ferment system gardens nutrition soil satisfies the target of " three change ".
At present; Though have mud to replace fermentation research both at home and abroad; But with the control of ventilating, stopping the supple of gas or steam; But not the control of oxygen concn realizes, alternately fermentation of anaerobic; More do not solve innoxious, the nutrient laden of mud ferment system gardens nutrition soil, humified problem targetedly; Therefore, be badly in need of a kind of better fermentation process and solve the problem that prior art exists.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned deficiency to the prior art existence; The objective of the invention is to solve innoxious, the nutrient laden of dewatered sludge ferment system gardens nutrition soil, humified problem, and provide a kind of aerobic-anaerobism alternative method that utilizes simple to operate, that ferment system is effective the dewatered sludge ferment to be processed the method for gardens nutrition soil.
The technique means that the present invention adopts is: a kind of method with dewatered sludge ferment system gardens nutrition soil is characterized in that said method comprises the steps:
1) fermentation of dewatered sludge:
A, sludge treatment: get the mode of sludge of sewage treatment plants through natural airing and make water ratio drop to 75%;
B, mushroom bag are handled: the remaining bag shape matrix waste material in the plantation back of will pestering is pulverized, and obtains pulverizing the mushroom bag;
C, preparation bacterial classification soil: the mud that the above-mentioned A step is handled and above-mentioned B step processing the pulverizing mushroom wrap after the mode of 1:1 is mixed by volume; Spray complex ferment bacterial classification liquid, the laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably of mixing, 50 ℃～70 ℃ of leavening temperatures; Time kept 5～7 days, obtained bacterial classification soil;
D, preparation fermentation materials: pulverizing mushroom bag that the mud that the above-mentioned A step is handled and above-mentioned B step handle and C go on foot the bacterial classification soil that obtains and are the mode mixing of 1:1:1 by volume, and obtaining water ratio is 60～65% fermentation materials;
2) dress fermentation materials:
The fermentation materials of preparing in the step 1) is packed in the fermentation unit, the degree of tightness nature, when the dress fermentation materials volume when being fermentation unit volumetrical 4/5～5/6, stop to feed, cover the bung of fermentation unit;
3) ferment system gardens nutrition soil:
Adopt aerobic-anaerobism alternative method with step 2) the fermentation materials ferment process gardens nutrition soil, said aerobic-the anaerobism alternative method in aerobic-anaerobism alternative number of times be three times, aerobic at every turn-anaerobism alternative step is:
1. aerobic, i.e. ventilation earlier, the time is 5min, air flow is 1.4 ~ 2.8m
3(ht)
-1Stop the supple of gas or steam, the time is 30min again; Repeat aforesaid operations 5 days;
Further, in step 1) C step, said complex ferment bacterial classification liquid is two or more the complex ferment bacterial classification liquid in actinomycetes, bacterium, the fungi.
Further, step 1) C is in the step, and said aerobic fermentation is employed in the fermenter and ferments in air with the mode of machine turning, according to the difference of leavening temperature, and turning every day 1～4 time, leavening temperature was kept 5～7 days for 50～70 ℃.
Further, the concentration expressed in percentage by volume of the gaseous oxygen of the aerobic phase in the said step 3) is 5%～21%; The concentration expressed in percentage by volume of the gaseous oxygen of anaerobic phase is＜5%.
Compare prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, the present invention adopts three aerobic-anaerobism alternative to use; That the nutrition soil of the ferment system of making has reached is innoxious, nutrient laden, the native requirement in humified gardens; It has not only satisfied China gardens with the native great market demand that gets; And help the mass-producing of municipal sludge resource to handle; Realize the utilization again of refuse, thereby the reservoir area of Three Gorges water environment protection has been produced active effect.
2, the present invention adopts three aerobic-anaerobism alternative methods that the dewatered sludge ferment is processed nutrition soil, and wherein, three times aerobic-anaerobism alternated process is: for the first time aerobic-anaerobism alternation procedure is a strong disinfecting, makes that the coliform survival rate declines to a great extent in the fermented sludge; For the second time good-anaerobism alternation procedure is the sterilization phase up to standard, makes that coliform is lower than 100/g in the fermented sludge, makes fermented sludge reach the native standard of afforestation; Simultaneously, its available nitrogen phosphorus content reaches gardens with native high-quality soil available nitrogen phosphorus content available nitrogen>=0.12gkg
-1, available phosphorus>=0.03gkg
-1Good for the third time-anaerobism alternation procedure is for to stablize the sterilization phase, makes in the fermented sludge coliform controlled, and makes the humus content>=10gkg of fermentation materials
-1
3, the present invention adopts aerobic-anaerobism alternative method that the dewatered sludge ferment is processed nutrition soil; Wherein aerobic phase control oxygen concn is for guaranteeing the respiration of aerobic microbiological; To keep its vital movement; Organic release of heat simultaneously in the microbiological degradation mud; Thereby the mud temperature is raise, reach innoxious temperature; And carry out the regular repetition of ventilating, stop the supple of gas or steam in the aerobic phase and guaranteed the oxygen concentration that microorganism is required on the one hand, compare save energy consumption with continuing ventilation on the other hand, and also help the maintenance of cask fermentation temperature winter; The anaerobic phase stuffiness, oxygen concn is lower than 5% in the fermentation materials, helps anaerobion and decomposes the xylogen of difficult degradation, Mierocrystalline cellulose etc., helps the formation of soil ulmin.Thereby guaranteed that the inventive method can make the dewatered sludge ferment process to reach innoxious, nutrient laden, the humify requirement of gardens with soil.
4, the inventive method ferment system gardens nutrition soil, the method save energy can reduce the CO in the ferment system
2, CH
4Deng discharging, saves energy consumes 35%.
5, the inventive method ferment system gardens nutrition soil, method is simple, investment is little, be convenient to popularization.
The present invention obtains national water pollution control and administers scientific and technological great special project (2009ZX07315-002), the support of reservoir area of Three Gorges sludge from wastewater treatment plant decrement and resource utilization Study on Key Technique and demonstration (2009ZX07315-002-02) fund project.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that mud replaces fermentation unit; Wherein
1-test bucket, 2-thermal insulation layer, 3-air distribution plate, 4-buttress, 5-fermentation materials, 6-air outlet, 7-inlet pipe, 8-power supply, the 9-time relay, 10-electronic box, 11-magnetic valve, 12-gas meter, 13, pneumatic pump;
Fig. 2 is that average oxygen concentration changes before and after stopping the supple of gas or steam;
Fig. 3 is the temperature variation of different over-over modes.
Embodiment:
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
For confirm-anaerobism alternative method ferment system gardens nutrition soil satisfies the controlled variable of innoxious, nutrient laden, humify requirement; In process with dewatered sludge ferment system gardens nutrition soil; Carry out feasibility test earlier; Carry out proving test again; Indexs such as the temperature that test mud alternately ferments, coliform, roundworm egg, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, soil ulmin, gaseous oxygen concentration; Thereby obtain the optimal control parameter of aerobic-anaerobism alternative method, analyze the net effect of the fermented sludge of gained optimal control parameter.
One, feasibility test
1 materials and methods
1.1 fermentation unit
The specification of fermentation unit, configuration etc. see that Fig. 1, the main part of fermentation unit comprise test bucket 1, air distribution plate 3, buttress 4 and thermal insulation layer 2; Three buttresses 4 of test bucket 1 inner placement, buttress 4 is positioned at the below of air distribution plate 3, is used to support air distribution plate 3; Pad one deck palm fibre pad on the air distribution plate 3, the palm fibre pad is gone up and is stacked fermentation materials 5; The below of said air distribution plate 3 is communicated with inlet pipe 7, and inlet pipe 7 gives fermentation materials 5 ventilations through air distribution plate 3 belows from bottom to top; Said test bucket 1 outside also is enclosed with thermal insulation layer 2, and thermal insulation layer 2 is used to keep testing the leavening temperature in the bucket.The automatic control section of fermentation unit comprises electronic box 10, magnetic valve 11 and pneumatic pump 13; Be provided with the time relay 9 in the electronic box 10, the time relay 9 is connected with magnetic valve 11, and magnetic valve 11 is connected with pneumatic pump 13; When energized, control opening or closing of magnetic valve 11 through the time is set on the time relay 9, magnetic valve 11 open or close opening or stopping of control air pump 13, thereby the ventilation in the control test bucket or stop the supple of gas or steam; Said pneumatic pump 13 links to each other with gas meter 12, and gas meter 12 is used to regulate the air flow of pneumatic pump 13.Said thermal insulation layer 2 is the rubber and plastic insulating cotton, thick 5cm.
1.2 test apparatus
ACO-012 pneumatic pump (150Lmin
-1, 0.042Mpa); The CY-12CB oxygen measuring instrument; The EST thermometer, TU-1900 ultraviolet spectrophotometer, PHS-3C type digital display acidometer; DDS-11A type digital display conductivitimeter; The portable soil heavy metal tester, retort furnace, LDZX-40B1 type Sterilizers; LRH-250A type constant incubator, digit microscope.
1.3 test materials
Dewatered sludge: Chongqing Li Jia a small bay in a river sewage work provides.
Sludge treatment: water ratio is reduced to by 80% and was used for batching at 75% o'clock after the dewatered sludge airing.
The mushroom bag: the bag shape matrix waste material (water ratio 30%) that mushroom plantation back is remaining, Science Institute provides by the gardens, Chongqing City.
Bacterial classification soil: 1 part of mud (water ratio 75%)+1 part of pulverizing mushroom is wrapped by volume; Spray behind the complex ferment bacterial classification liquid mixing aerobic fermentation in fermentation unit; This aerobic fermentation is employed in the fermenter and ferments in air with the mode of machine turning; Difference according to leavening temperature; Turning every day 1～4 time; 50～70 ℃ of leavening temperatures keep 5～7d (my god), obtain bacterial classification soil (water ratio 45%).Complex ferment bacterial classification liquid is two or more the complex ferment bacterial classification liquid (Science Institute provides by the gardens, Chongqing City) in actinomycetes, bacterium, the fungi.
The fermentation materials proportioning: be that 1 part in water ratio 75% mud+pulverizing mushroom is wrapped 1 part in 1 part+bacterial classification soil by volume, water ratio 60～65% behind the batching mixing.
The fermentation test bucket: specification is 420L, and the fermentation materials amount of packing into is 0.35m
3
1.4 the control of fermentation materials oxygen concn: aerobic phase gaseous oxygen concentration is 5%～21%, anaerobic phase gaseous oxygen concentration＜5%.
1.5 test index and method
Leavening temperature test: every day 8:00,14:00,20:00 in the material in the fermentation unit, top carries out the leavening temperature test; Oxygen concn is in ventilating and stopping the supple of gas or steam the front and back test; Confirm oxygen depletion situation under the different fermentations temperature, get the mean value of same at each temperature time oxygen concn.
Sampling method: when aerobic end, anaerobism finish in the upper, middle and lower of fermentation materials the middle part of the layer 200g that respectively takes a sample, mixing, air-dry, grind, divide 2 ~ 3 groups and test simultaneously.
Innoxious, nutrient laden, humified test index: coliform, roundworm egg, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, total potassium, water ratio, organic matter, pH, specific conductivity EC, soil ulmin etc.Testing method is seen " the sludge from wastewater treatment plant method of inspection " (CJ/T 221-2005).
Aerobic-anaerobism alternative method feasibility test
Experimental technique: test design altogether aerobic, alternately, three groups of anaerobism (wherein aerobic test is the controlled trial group with anaerobism), every group of three fermentation units, 28 days test periods.Aerobic method test design: the 1st～28d (aerobic); Alternately fermentation test design: the 1st～7d (aerobic), the 8th～10d (anaerobism), the 11st～15d (aerobic), the 16th～19d (anaerobism), the 20th～23d (aerobic), the 25th～28d (anaerobism); Anaerobic process test design: the 1st～28d (anaerobism); Test-results is seen table 1 alternative method feasibility test test result.
Table 1 alternative method feasibility test test result
Table 2 alternative method feasibility test comprehensive evaluation
Interpretation of result: can know that by table 1 result of each group test was following after fermentation was accomplished:
Average effective nitrogen content: anaerobic process 0.859 gkg
-1＞alternative method 0.856 gkg
-1＞aerobic method 0.798gkg
-1, alternative method exceeds aerobic method 7.4%, shows that alternative method can improve available nitrogen content;
Average effective phosphorus content: alternative method 1.852gkg
-1＞aerobic method 1.692gkg
-1＞anaerobic process 1.636 gkg
-1, alternative method exceeds aerobic method 9.4%, exceeds anaerobic process 13.2%, shows that alternative method can improve available phosphorus content;
Average humus content: alternative method 10.510 gkg
-1＞anaerobic process 9.398 gkg
-1＞aerobic method 8.768 gkg
-1, alternative method exceeds aerobic method 19.9%, exceeds anaerobic process 11.8%, shows that alternative method can improve humus content.
Conclusion (of pressure testing): the result according to table 2 alternative method feasibility test comprehensive evaluation can know: 61 minutes＞anaerobic process of 89 minutes＞aerobic method of alternative method 47 minutes, therefore, it is feasible that nutrition soil in mud ferment system gardens adopts aerobic-anaerobism alternative method.
Air test
The air test component is 9 groups, every group of 25 days time length.Analysis temperature, gaseous oxygen concentration and ventilation, aeration time, the time relation of stopping the supple of gas or steam, and under definite differing temps, coliform mortality ratio situation, the ventilating mode and the result of test see table 3.
Table 3 ventilating mode and result
Can know that by table 3 the aerobic section air flow is 1.4 ~ 2.8 m
3(ht)
-1The time, the highest leavening temperature>=50 ℃; Air flow＞2.8 m
3(ht)
-1Or＜1.4 m
3(ht)
-1The time, the highest leavening temperature＜50 ℃.When air flow is 1.4 ~ 2.8 m
3(ht)
-1, ventilation 5min, when stopping the supple of gas or steam 30min, leavening temperature>=50 ℃, the time length is 3d (promptly the temperature of 4-6 days d is all spent greater than 50), thereby can kill most coliform etc., helps reaching innoxious standard; And work as air flow is 1.4 ~ 2.8 m
3(ht)
-1, ventilation 5min, when stopping the supple of gas or steam 45min, leavening temperature>=50 ℃, the time length can only keep 1d (day), the coliform mortality ratio is low, finally can not reach innoxious requirement, so definite ventilating mode is ventilation 1.4 ~ 2.8 m
3(ht)
-1, the ventilation 5min, 30min stops the supple of gas or steam.
Can know by Fig. 2, aerobic section ventilation 3min, gaseous oxygen concentration rises to 20.6% (Fig. 2 a-b) by 5.3%; 5min reach 20.7% (Fig. 2, b-c), the 30min that stops the supple of gas or steam drops to 5.4% (Fig. 2 c-d) by 20.7%; The 45min that stops the supple of gas or steam drops to 3.8%, and the 70min that stops the supple of gas or steam drops to 1.5% (Fig. 2 d-e).C-d section oxygen concn descends comparatively fast among Fig. 2, and d-e section oxygen concn descends slower, the flex point that the d point descends for the back oxygen concn of stopping the supple of gas or steam; The flex point oxygen concn and the foundation of time of stopping the supple of gas or steam as ventilation next time; So aeration time is decided to be 5min, the time of stopping the supple of gas or steam is 30min, with top reach a conclusion consistent.
Can know by table 3, the material leavening temperature more than 50 ℃ the time, continue 1d (day) time, the coliform mortality ratio is 82.7%, is more than 91.6% during lasting 3d, so will make fermented sludge reach innoxious standard, needs leavening temperature >=50 ℃ and keeps more than the 1d.
Alternately fermentation test
Alternately test 6 groups of components, every group of two fermentation units, table 4 is seen in each test group design.
With air test gained aerobic stage ventilating mode is aeration time 5min (gaseous oxygen concentration rises to 21% by 5%), the time 30min that stops the supple of gas or steam (gaseous oxygen concentration reduces to 5% by 21%), air flow 1.4～2.8m
3(ht)
-1Replace test.
The control of fermentation materials oxygen concn: aerobic phase gaseous oxygen concentration is 5%～21%, anaerobic phase gaseous oxygen concentration＜5%.
Through the difference configuration of aerobic-anaerobism fate, the test of different alternate frequencies, confirm the best over-over mode of alternately fermentation system of dewatered sludge gardens nutrition soil.Different over-over mode tests are seen table 4. with the result
Different over-over mode tests of table 4 and result
Test result analysis:
(1) for the first time alternately
(2) for the second time alternately
From the alternative data parameters second time, carry out six kinds of over-over modes of alternative for the second time in, when leavening temperature during at 41.2～46.5 ℃, the coliform mortality ratio is between 60.0～77.5%, coliform is reduced to 70～90 g
-1, be lower than 100 g
-1Index; After replacing for the second time, each content of organizing available nitrogen all descends to some extent, and available phosphorus content slightly raises, and humus content all raises, but aerobic 5 days soil ulmin increasing degree is higher than other groups.
(3) replace for the third time
From alternative data parameters for the third time, when 29.8～33.1 ℃ of leavening temperatures, the coliform mortality ratio is between 28.6～37.5%, and coliform is 50～60 g
-1, be lower than 100 g indexs; After alternately finishing for the third time, aerobic 3 days do not reach innoxious standard, aerobic 5 days with the aerobic 7 days innoxious standard that reached, but aerobic 5 days soil ulmin is higher than other groups, in aerobic 5 days two groups, 3 days soil ulmin of anaerobism is higher than anaerobism 5 days.
By table 4 can know three times alternately after, aerobic section 5d (day) more than the highest leavening temperature be higher than aerobic 3d (my god) over-over mode, aerobic 3d (my god) can not make mud reach innoxious requirement.The available nitrogen content of fermented sludge rises; Available phosphorus slightly descends generally; And soil ulmin rises obviously; But take all factors into consideration each item index in the soil after the fermentation, over-over mode is that the mode of 5d → 3d is optimum, though over-over mode is the mode of 7d → 3d can make also that reaching of soil is innoxious, nutrient laden and humified requirement; But on time efficiency; Aerobic 5 day time is shorter, more economical, practices thrift.And aerobic 3 days over-over mode, its soil that obtains at last can not satisfy the requirement that gardens are used for, and does not consider at this.Therefore, 5d (my god) → 3d (my god) the over-over mode time the shortest, can be used as the over-over mode of sludge fermentation from now on.From the alternative number of times; Though alternately can murder most colibacillus 1 time; But available nitrogen phosphorus; Humus content is all lower; The formation of the available nitrogen that thereby need replace for three times ferments just can promote fermented sludge, available phosphorus, soil ulmin, thereby make the quantity of colibacillus satisfy the requirement of gardens with soil.
5 comprehensive evaluations
The different over-over mode comprehensive evaluation forms of table 5
Mud ferment system gardens nutrition soil Evaluation on effect principle: at first considering innoxiously, secondly is nutrient laden, is humify again, is the time etc. at last.(DBJ/T50-044-2005) the nutrition soil soil property of above 6 kinds of alternated process fermentation is estimated according to Chongqing City " gardens plant soil quality standard "; Evaluation result is seen table 5; According to Chongqing City " gardens plant soil quality standard " (DBJ/T50-044-2005) in to the regulation of one-level soil standard: soil property is estimated to such an extent that be divided into 85 ~ 100 and be one-level soil; The fermentation process score of (good 5d-detests 3d) * 3 is the highest; Time is the shortest; And the nutrition soil of its fermentation can arrive the standard of one-level soil, thereby satisfies the needs of gardens with soil.Therefore, select the alternately fermentation process of the fermentation process of (good 5d-detests 3d) * 3 for use as the best.
6 conclusions
Adopt-controlled variable of the optimal reference of anaerobism alternative method fermentation dewatered sludge production " three change " gardens nutrition soil is following:
Over-over mode: each alternately is aerobic 5d-anaerobism 3d, replaces three times, i.e. (good 5d-detests 3d) * 3.
Aerobic phase ventilating mode: ventilation 5min, the 30min that stops the supple of gas or steam, air flow 1.4 ~ 2.8m
3(ht)
-1
The fermentation materials proportioning: volume ratio is 1 part in 1 part+bacterial classification of 1 part+pulverizing of water ratio 75% mud mushroom bag soil.
Two, replication experiment
Result according to aforementioned feasibility test obtains carries out practical implementation.
1 materials and methods
1.1 fermentation unit
With the feasibility test part.
1.2 laboratory apparatus
With the feasibility test part.
1.3 experiment material
With the feasibility test part.
1.4 test index and method
With the feasibility test part.
1.5 implementation method:
The test group design: experiment divides 3 groups, and every group of 2 volumes are 0.42m
3The test bucket.
Alternated process: alternative method one is (good 7d-detests 3d) * 3 for (good 3d-detests 3d) * 3, alternative method two for (good 5d-detests 3d) * 3, alternative method three, and wherein alternative method one is a simultaneous test with alternative method three, and three kinds of alternative method results of implementation are seen table 6.
The material barrelling: batching is packed in the fermentation unit, and degree of tightness need not compress naturally in reinforcing, when back and fermentation unit mouth are flattened along stopping (the about 0.35m that feeds at a distance of 10cm in the batching top
3), cover bung.
Good-the anaerobism alternative method: each alternately aerobic 5d earlier, anaerobism 3d again, promptly good 5d-detests 3d; Good-anaerobism alternative method replaces three times altogether, i.e. (good 5d-detests 3d) * 3.
The control of fermentation materials oxygen concn: aerobic phase gaseous oxygen concentration is 5%～21%, anaerobic phase gaseous oxygen concentration＜5%.
Aerobic phase vent method: aeration time 5min (gaseous oxygen concentration rises to 21% by 5%), the time 30min that stops the supple of gas or steam (gaseous oxygen concentration reduces to 5% by 21%), air flow 1.4～2.8m3 (ht)
-1
Table 6 alternative method result of implementation
2 practical implementation steps
Earlier make water ratio reduce to 75% the dewatered sludge airing, with pulverize mushroom bag, bacterial classification soil by volume 1:1:1 be mixed into fermentation materials, batching back water ratio 60～65%.Then, batching is packed in the fermentation unit, degree of tightness need not compress naturally in reinforcing, when back and fermentation unit mouth are flattened along stopping (the about 0.35m that feeds at a distance of 10cm in the batching top
3), build bung, carry out the alternately fermentation of (good 3d-detests 3d) * 3, (good 5d-detests 3d) * 3, (good 7d-detests 3d) * 3 respectively.The aerobic phase: aeration time 5min, the time 30min that stops the supple of gas or steam, air flow 1.4 ~ 2.8m
3(ht)
-1, anaerobic phase: stop ventilation and make gaseous oxygen concentration＜5%.At last, innoxious, the nutrient laden of test, humified data.Leavening temperature test: every day, 8:00,14:00,20:00 carried out temperature test to the middle part on material middle level, upper strata in the fermentation unit; Oxygen concn test: test before and after ventilating and before and after stopping the supple of gas or steam; Sampling method: when aerobic end, anaerobism finish in the fermentation materials upper, middle and lower middle part of the layer 200g that respectively takes a sample, mixing, air-dry, grind, divide 2 ~ 3 groups and test simultaneously.Testing method such as coliform, roundworm egg, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, total potassium, water ratio, organic matter, pH, specific conductivity EC, soil ulmin are seen " the sludge from wastewater treatment plant method of inspection " (CJ/T 221-2005).
The result of implementation analysis of three kinds of over-over modes
(1) for the first time alternately
During table 6 can know that the first time alternately, the highest leavening temperature: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d were respectively 47.6 ℃, 54.6 ℃, 55.1 ℃; The coliform mortality ratio: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively 30.8%, 93.1%, 95.4%; Available nitrogen, available phosphorus content: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively available nitrogen 1.50 gkg
-1, 1.52 gkg
-1, 1.43gkg
-1, available phosphorus 1.07 gkg
-1, 1.33 gkg
-1, 1.14gkg
-1Humus content: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively 8.15 gkg
-1, 8.52 gkg
-1, 8.30gkg
-1Analysis can know, for the first time alternately after, the coliform mortality ratio aerobic 7 days＞aerobic 5 days＞aerobic 3 days, though alternately killed most colibacillus (being the strong disinfecting stage) for the first time, coliform does not also reach greening with native standard≤100 g
-1Promptly do not reach innoxious requirement; Available nitrogen, phosphorus content all are higher than the primary standard of greening with soil, i.e. available nitrogen>=0.12gkg
-1, available phosphorus>=0.03gkg
-1, and aerobic 5 days be higher than other two groups; Humus content all is lower than 10gkg
-1, do not reach humified requirement.Therefore, all reached the nutrient laden requirement, do not reached innoxious, humify requirement as yet, needed once more alternately fermentation though replace three kinds of over-over modes of sludge fermentation for the first time.
(2) for the second time alternately
During table 6 can know that the second time alternately, the highest leavening temperature: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d were respectively 35.6 ℃, 33.1 ℃, 32.6 ℃; The coliform mortality ratio: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively 75.0%, 55.6%, 58.3%; Available nitrogen, available phosphorus content: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively available nitrogen 1.41 gkg
-1, 1.45 gkg
-1, 1.27gkg
-1, available phosphorus 1.13 gkg
-1, 1.39 gkg
-1, 1.41gkg
-1Humus content: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively 8.56 gkg
-1, 9.67 gkg
-1, 9.39gkg
-1Analysis can know, for the second time alternately after, after aerobic 5 days and 7 days, the number of colibacillus reduces (sterilization stage up to standard), reaches to afforest with native standard≤100 g
-1, satisfy innoxious requirement, but aerobic 3 days not reaching; Alternately available nitrogen, available phosphorus all are higher than the primary standard of greening with soil, i.e. available nitrogen>=0.12gkg for the second time
-1, available phosphorus>=0.03gkg
-1, available nitrogen content be aerobic 5 days with aerobic 3 days＞aerobic 7 days, and available phosphorus is aerobic 7 days the highest; Humus content is aerobic 5 days the highest, but humus content is lower than the humify index of gardens nutrition soil, i.e. humus content>=10gkg
-1Therefore, for the second time alternately after the sludge fermentation,, do not reach the humify requirement as yet, need alternately to ferment for the third time though reached innoxious, nutrient laden requirement with 7 days mode in aerobic 5 days.
(3) replace for the third time
Table 6 can know that in replacing for the third time, the highest leavening temperature: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively 37.8 ℃, 47.2 ℃, 45.1 ℃; The coliform mortality ratio: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively 20.0%, 37.5%, 60.0%; Available nitrogen, available phosphorus content: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively available nitrogen 1.33 gkg
-1, 1.42 gkg
-1, 1.47gkg
-1, available phosphorus 1.31 gkg
-1, 1.42 gkg
-1, 1.37gkg
-1Humus content: aerobic phase 3d, 5d, 7d are respectively 9.65 gkg
-1, 12.53 gkg
-1, 11.14gkg
-1Analysis can know, for the third time alternately after, aerobic 5 days with 7 days mode, the number of coliform continues to reduce (stablizing sterilization stage), is lower than and afforests with native standard≤100 g
-1Aerobic 3 days colibacillus is still below standard; The available nitrogen of three kinds of modes, available phosphorus all are higher than the primary standard of greening with soil, i.e. available nitrogen>=0.12gkg
-1, available phosphorus>=0.03gkg
-1Humus content: aerobic phase 3d is lower than the humify index 10gkg of gardens nutrition soil
-1, and aerobic phase 5d, 7d all are higher than the humify index 10gkg of gardens nutrition soil
-1After alternately accomplishing for three times; Aerobic 3 days do not reach innoxious requirement; Can not be considered as the controlled variable of production gardens nutrition soil; And that aerobic 5 days soil ulmin is higher than is aerobic 7 days; Though the two available nitrogen phosphorus content is all higher, the aerobic 5 days production cycle is smaller than the aerobic 7 days production cycle.Therefore, Zui You over-over mode is 3 days a over-over mode of aerobic 5 days-anaerobism.
Comprehensive evaluation
Table 7 alternative method result of implementation comprehensive evaluation analysis
Comprehensive evaluation analysis can be known (seeing table 7); Aerobic phase 3d; 5d; The total points of 7d was respectively 45 fens; 82 minutes; 64 minutes; The soil property of three kinds of over-over modes is estimated score and was respectively 78.7 fens; 91.3 divide; 79.3 divide; Show replaced for the third time after; Ferment system is innoxious respectively with three kinds of alternated process; Nutrient laden; The effect of humified gardens nutrition soil is: the alternative method of (good 3d-detests 3d) * 3 is the poorest; Next is the alternative method of (good 7d-detests 3d) * 3; Best is the alternative method of (good 5d-detests 3d) * 3; This method is not only economical; Save time; And ferment effect is best; Make fermentation mud afterwards can reach the native requirement of using of gardens nutrition soil; For the refuse reclamation of mud and mushroom bag waste material has found a rational place to go, effectively practiced thrift resource.
Claims (4)
1. the method with dewatered sludge ferment system gardens nutrition soil is characterized in that said method comprises the steps:
1) fermentation of dewatered sludge:
A, sludge treatment: get the mode of sludge of sewage treatment plants through natural airing and make water ratio drop to 75%;
B, mushroom bag are handled: the remaining bag shape matrix waste material in the plantation back of will pestering is pulverized, and obtains pulverizing the mushroom bag;
C, preparation bacterial classification soil: the mud that the above-mentioned A step is handled and above-mentioned B step processing the pulverizing mushroom wrap after the mode of 1:1 is mixed by volume; Spray complex ferment bacterial classification liquid, the laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably of mixing, 50 ℃～70 ℃ of leavening temperatures; Time kept 5～7 days, obtained bacterial classification soil;
D, preparation fermentation materials: pulverizing mushroom bag that the mud that the above-mentioned A step is handled and above-mentioned B step handle and C go on foot the bacterial classification soil that obtains and are the mode mixing of 1:1:1 by volume, and obtaining water ratio is 60～65% fermentation materials;
2) dress fermentation materials:
The fermentation materials of preparing in the step 1) is packed in the fermentation unit, the degree of tightness nature, when the dress fermentation materials volume when being fermentation unit volumetrical 4/5～5/6, stop to feed, cover the bung of fermentation unit;
3) ferment system gardens nutrition soil:
Adopt aerobic-anaerobism alternative method with step 2) the fermentation materials ferment process gardens nutrition soil, said aerobic-the anaerobism alternative method in aerobic-anaerobism alternative number of times be three times, aerobic at every turn-anaerobism alternative step is:
1. aerobic, i.e. ventilation earlier, the time is 5min, air flow is 1.4 ~ 2.8m
3(ht)
-1Stop the supple of gas or steam, the time is 30min again; Repeat aforesaid operations 5 days;
2. according to the said method with dewatered sludge ferment system gardens nutrition soil of claim 1, it is characterized in that step 1) C is in the step, said complex ferment bacterial classification liquid is two or more the complex ferment bacterial classification liquid in actinomycetes, bacterium, the fungi.
3. according to the said method of claim 1 with dewatered sludge ferment system gardens nutrition soil; It is characterized in that; Step 1) C is in the step; Said aerobic fermentation is employed in the fermenter and ferments in air with the mode of machine turning; Difference according to leavening temperature; Turning every day 1～4 time, leavening temperature was kept 5～7 days for 50～70 ℃.
4. the method with dewatered sludge ferment system gardens nutrition soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that the concentration expressed in percentage by volume of the gaseous oxygen of the aerobic phase in the said step 3) is 5%～21%; The concentration expressed in percentage by volume of the gaseous oxygen of anaerobic phase is＜5%.
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