CN102299425A - High-power low-PIM (passive intermodulation) broadband polarized frequency duplexing feed assembly in Ku frequency band - Google Patents
High-power low-PIM (passive intermodulation) broadband polarized frequency duplexing feed assembly in Ku frequency band Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power low-PIM (passive intermodulation) broadband polarized frequency duplexing feed assembly in a Ku frequency band, comprising a symmetrical two-arm orthogonal modal coupler and two frequency duplexers, wherein the symmetrical two-arm orthogonal modal coupler comprises an inner structure and a shell; the inner structure comprises a public square waveguide, a symmetrical two-arm coupling access and a longitudinal straight access, thus forming a public port, a symmetrical two-arm synthetic port and a longitudinal straight port; two side faces of the public square waveguide are provided with two rectangle coupling windows with the same size symmetrically; an inductive column which is parallel to and has the same length with a long edge of the rectangle coupling window is inserted into the middle point of a short edge of each rectangle coupling window; and a shaping diaphragm which is vertically connected with the rectangle coupling windows at two sides is inserted into the center in the public square waveguide. According to the assembly, the symmetrical two-arm orthogonal modal coupler is connected to the two frequency duplexers to finish the polar duplex and the frequency duplex of signals, thus solving the two traditional technical problems of the polar duplex and the frequency duplex of an antenna system at the Ku frequency band. The special shaping curve diaphragms and the inductive columns are utilized in the symmetrical two-arm orthogonal modal coupler, thus realizing the broadband matching and avoiding the asymmetrical higher order modes. The assembly has the advantage of compact structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-wire polarization duplexer feed, particularly relating to the low PIM of a kind of Ku frequency range high-power (public port synthetic power reach 1840W) (requires in port that feed assembly is connected with the transponder input, 7 rank PIM products under the high low temperature condition belong to novel satellite antenna feed system technical field less than-193dBc) broadband polarization frequency-duplex feed assembly.
Background technology
Satellite payload antenna subsystem can make reception and the emission function of realizing electromagnetic signal, traditional antenna subsystem design adopts antenna receiving-sending to separate scheme, i.e. a secondary reception antenna and a secondary transmitting antenna, the technical difficulty of this scheme is less, the feed component technology is easy to realize, need not to consider the broadband matching problem, in the frequency of utilization scope, can obtain higher performance.But its drawback also clearly, and the volume of two slave antennas and quality can make the topology layout design pay very high cost, increase the bearing pressure of satellite platform.
Single antenna, double-fed source side case are the improved forms that antenna receiving-sending separates scheme, this scheme adopts a cover reflector and two cover feeds (receiving feed, emission feed), the feed assembly is still considered the arrowband instructions for use, technology is simpler, and with the pressure transfer of topology layout to emitter, but this can increase reflector figuration difficulty, and if two feeds not at optimal location, can sacrifice the antenna overall performance.
The development of a new generation's communication satellite has proposed to be strict with more to the payload system, constantly increase such as making full use of limited frequency resource, system channel quantity and channel power capacity, anti-PIM ability constantly promotes or the like, particularly in the Ku frequency range, usually require the single width antenna receiving-sending shared, this has increased passive intermodulation (PIM) risk of system undoubtedly, needs the linear degree of strict control system, and in order to boost the efficiency of frequency resources utilization, the two-wire polarization mode is also more utilized.
Design difficulty in the two-wire polarization duplexer feed assembly is the orthomode coupler assembly, reception and transmit frequency band are all contained in the transmission of each polarized signal, therefore the Broadband Matching of signal, higher mode inhibition and interport isolation all are the problems that needs emphasis to consider, the symmetrical four arms coupling of existing general employing orthomode coupler, though symmetrical four arms coupling orthomode coupler can be realized more excellent performance in very wide frequency band range, but its complex structure is not suitable for the requirement of topology layout compactness.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of compact broadbands polarization frequency-duplex feed assembly that has solved multiplexing and these two the conventional art difficult problems of polarization multiplexing of Ku band antenna system frequency is provided, has further satisfied the strict demand of the desired high power tolerance of payload system and low PIM simultaneously.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the high-power low PIM of a kind of Ku frequency range broadband polarization frequency-duplex feed assembly, form by symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler and two frequency diplexers, described symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler comprises internal structure and shell, described internal structure comprises public square wave guide, symmetry both arms coupling path and vertically straight-through road, form public port, the synthetic port of symmetry both arms and vertical straight-through port, two side symmetries of described public square wave guide are opened up two unidimensional rectangle coupling windows, the long limit of rectangle coupling window center line overlaps with public square wave guide side center line, two rectangle coupling windows connect of two symmetrical both arms of symmetrical both arms coupling path respectively, the angle of rectangle coupling window and symmetrical both arms is 45 °, insert and the parallel and isometric perceptual post in the long limit of rectangle coupling window in the minor face midpoint of rectangle coupling window, the placed in the middle insertion and both sides rectangle coupling window figuration diaphragm connected vertically in public square wave guide, the thickness direction of figuration diaphragm is parallel with the long limit of rectangle coupling window, the linear intercepting on described figuration diaphragm top is from one section of the exponential function curve, the linear symmetry in both sides is consistent, the bottom is a rectangle, the width of rectangle is consistent with the length of side of public square wave guide, the intersection point of top exponential function curve and bottom rectangle drops on the long limit away from public port of both sides rectangle coupling window, public square wave guide connection side square changeover portion and 90 ° of waveguide bends of E face form vertical straight-through port, symmetry both arms coupling path connects the breeches joint that inserts the triangle diaphragm and forms the synthetic port of symmetrical both arms, and vertically straight-through port respectively is connected a frequency diplexer with the synthetic port of symmetrical both arms.
Described frequency diplexer is that transmission channel filter and receive path filter are formed by T connector and two path filters, transmission channel filter and receive path filter adopt H facial mask sheet form, the symmetrical horizontal ends both sides of T connector connect transmission channel filter and receive path filter by one section straight wave guide respectively, the vertical end of T connector forms public port, the H facial mask sheet that a pair of symmetrical distribution is arranged at the public port place of T connector, the side at the horizontal ends center of T connector near the receive path filter has a tuning tooth.
Described symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler is two parts from the oriented partition vertical with sidewall rectangle coupling window, the bottom contains complete figuration diaphragm and vertical straight-through port, the shell upper surface medium position on top has the vertical fin in plane that forms with symmetrical both arms coupling path, and two-part internal structure is a global formation.
Described frequency diplexer is from the broadside symmetry subdivision of filter, and first contains public port, and second shell one side has and the parallel fin in the narrow limit of filter, and the inside diaphragm of two halves adopts integrated processing.
The present invention compared with prior art beneficial effect is:
(1) the present invention's structure of adopting symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler to be connected with two frequency diplexers is finished the polar duplex and the frequency-duplex of signal, has solved these two conventional art difficult problems of Ku band antenna system's polarization multiplexing and channeling;
(2) symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler of the present invention adopts special figuration curve diaphragm and perceptual post, makes the present invention realize Broadband Matching, avoids the asymmetry higher mode, and form is of compact construction again;
(3) frequency diplexer T connector of the present invention inside has increased tuning tooth and diaphragm, realizes the Broadband Matching of frequency diplexer;
(4) symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler of the present invention and frequency diplexer adopt integrated processing mode, reduce the flange joint face, have possessed anti-PIM ability;
(5) the present invention's symmetry both arms orthomode coupler and frequency diplexer have designed fin, make the present invention have the high power tolerance;
(6) the present invention is after two polarized signal ports of orthomode coupler insert frequency diplexer, just can realize the frequency-duplex that polarizes, this feed assembly has Broadband Matching characteristic, stronger higher mode inhibition ability, higher polarization port isolation and frequency ports isolation, and volume is little, in light weight;
(7) the present invention is applicable to the spaceborne applied environment that index request is very strict, helps the rational Application of satellite platform under space and quality resource situation at full stretch, has the very strong practicality and the market competitiveness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the present invention's two multiplexing feeding link fundamental diagrams of frequency that polarize
Fig. 2 is an overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the present invention's symmetry both arms orthomode coupler overall structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the present invention's symmetry both arms orthomode coupler piece electrical schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the local electrical schematics of amplifying of the present invention's symmetry both arms orthomode coupler;
Fig. 6 is a frequency diplexer overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a frequency diplexer piece electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
By contrasting multiple antenna feed scheme, in conjunction with the requirement of antenna overall technology, the present invention adopts the two multiplexing feed forms of polarization frequency, is made up of parts such as symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler and frequency diplexers.As shown in Figure 1, when the same day, line was operated in accepting state, the two-wire polarized signal that loudspeaker receive quadrature is separated to separately polarization port by symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler coupling, is transferred to transponder through the frequency diplexer receive path that is connected on each polarization port respectively again; When the same day, line was operated in emission state, the signal that transponder inputs to two kinds of polarization of antenna was input to separately the polarization port that connects by the frequency diplexer transmission channel respectively, and is synthetic and go out by loudspeaker radiation by symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler again.The combination of symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler and frequency diplexer is exactly to realize polarization and the two multiplexing keys of frequency in the feeding link, is called polarization frequency-duplex feed assembly.
The present invention comprises symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler and two frequency diplexers as shown in Figure 2, and vertical straight-through port of symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler respectively is connected a frequency diplexer with the synthetic port of symmetrical both arms.Each several part of the present invention all possesses Broadband Matching, high power tolerance and anti-PIM technology, to guarantee the performance of whole feed, specifies design of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
1, symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler
The present invention as shown in Figure 3, symmetry both arms orthomode coupler comprises internal structure and shell, the internal electric form comprises public square wave guide, symmetrical both arms coupling path and vertically straight-through road shown in Fig. 4,5, form public port, the synthetic port of symmetrical both arms and vertical straight-through port.Symmetry both arms coupling path is made up of side arm that piles distribution and breeches joint, and the vertically straight-through public square wave guide of route, square square changeover portion and 90 ° of waveguide bends of E face are formed.Opened up two unidimensional rectangle coupling windows in two side symmetries of public square wave guide, the long limit of window center line overlaps with square wave guide side center line, and two windows connect of symmetrical both arms respectively, and connection angle is 45 °.Insert and the parallel and isometric perceptual post in the long limit of rectangle coupling window in the minor face midpoint of rectangle coupling window; The placed in the middle insertion and both sides rectangle coupling window figuration diaphragm connected vertically in public square wave guide, figuration diaphragm thickness direction is parallel with the long limit of rectangle coupling window, the linear intercepting on figuration diaphragm top is from one section of the exponential function curve, the linear symmetry in both sides is consistent, the bottom is a rectangle, the width of rectangle is consistent with the length of side of common waveguide, and the intersection point of top exponential function curve and bottom rectangle drops on the long limit away from public port of both sides rectangle coupling window; Public square wave guide connection side square changeover portion and 90 ° of waveguide bends of E face form vertical straight-through port, and symmetrical both arms coupling path connects the breeches joint that inserts the triangle diaphragm and forms the synthetic port of symmetrical both arms.
The electrical design key of symmetry both arms orthomode coupler is in the Broadband Matching that realizes two orthogonally polarized signals and suppress the higher mode component that the common waveguide underexcitation gets up.When adopting shown in Figure 5 symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler, quadrature master mould signal (TE10 mould, TE01 mould) is by symmetric part of matrix separated transmission, the asymmetry higher mode magnitude minimum that has encouraged; Figuration diaphragm and perceptual post can be realized the Broadband Matching of two kinds of main mould signals.As shown in Figure 4, the terminal custom-designed synthesizer (breeches joint of insertion triangle diaphragm and square square changeover portion, 90 ° of waveguide bends of E face) that connects of the twin adapter of each path synthesizes main mould signal, finally to finish the polar duplex of signal; The high power examination point of symmetry both arms orthomode coupler inside is positioned at sidewall rectangle coupling window, and the rectangle coupling window that adopts narrow side wave to lead form can guarantee enough power capacities; The PIM level of waveguide elements and the tightness degree of its flange contact facings, contact-making surface material and contact-making surface current density all have relation, therefore low PIM design mainly is to consider from structural design and technological design aspect, for example adopts integrated processing, reduces measures such as interface quantity, special flange and linear material.
The key technology that symmetry both arms orthomode coupler adopts specifically comprises:
(1) signal Broadband Matching and higher mode suppress
Shown in Fig. 4,5, at first determine the size of public square wave guide according to the operating frequency of main mould signal, make can transmit simultaneously in the public square wave guide cavity to transmit and receive two frequency band signals; Its less important consideration branched structure adopts symmetrical both arms coupling path, can avoid producing the asymmetry higher mode when separating the main mould signal of two quadratures, suppresses the higher mode magnitude; At the inner figuration diaphragm that inserts of public square wave guide, the broadside of figuration diaphragm both sides and rectangle coupling window joins, and the angle of symmetrical both arms and common waveguide is 45 °, and this makes the signal Broadband Matching best results from symmetrical both arms coupled transfer; Insert and the parallel perceptual post in long limit, the signal Broadband Matching that can regulate vertically straight-through road in the minor face midpoint of rectangle coupling window; With the breeches joint that inserts the triangle diaphragm that the twin adapter of symmetrical both arms coupling path is synthetic, the twin adapter that 90 ° of waveguide bends of square square changeover portion and E face will vertically lead directly to the road synthesizes.
(2) high power tolerance
Under the prerequisite that working ability can realize, the diameter of perceptual post is the smaller the better, can increase the micro discharge surplus at coupling window place like this, improves the power tolerance; Analyzing the thermal field that draws orthomode coupler according to structure heat simultaneously distributes, at the perpendicular fin of orthomode coupler upper surface design, as shown in Figure 3, the gradual change angle of fin thickness is determined according to heat conducting directivity, guarantee that the heat energy that produces because of the waveguide ohmic loss when it is operated in high-power state well leaves, and prevents that the product surface temperature is too high.
(3) anti-PIM design
In order to increase the anti-PIM ability of orthomode coupler, when carrying out structural design, adopt partition patterns shown in Figure 3, symmetry both arms orthomode coupler is two parts from the oriented partition vertical with sidewall rectangle coupling window, the bottom contains complete figuration diaphragm and vertical straight-through port, the shell upper surface medium position on top has the vertical fin in plane that forms with symmetrical both arms coupling path, two-part internal structure is a global formation, inner nothing welding technology, the contact-making surface material of avoiding non-linear, this partition patterns makes coupler flange decreased number, to reduce the waveguiding structure discontinuity; Change the shape of flange contact facings according to the relation of flange face contact area and pressure, strengthen the connection tightness of flange face.
2, frequency diplexer
Frequency diplexer adopts the form of two path filters of T type waveguide connector connection, is used to separate the signal of reception and transmit frequency band.Shown in Fig. 6,7, the symmetrical horizontal ends both sides of T connector connect transmission channel and receive path filter by one section straight wave guide respectively, the vertical end of T connector forms public port, the H facial mask sheet that a pair of symmetrical distribution is arranged at the public port place of T connector, the side at the horizontal ends center of T connector near the receive path filter has a tuning tooth.
Path filter adopts H facial mask sheet (inductive iris) filter, can satisfy the requirement of high power work like this.Except aforesaid low PIM method for designing, duplexer adopts untunable form and broadside subdivision processing mode can effectively control the PIM level.
The key technology that frequency diplexer adopts specifically comprises:
(1) signal Broadband Matching
At first, path filter should design passband return loss and the belt resistance inhibitor system that reaches more excellent; Secondly, two path filters are with after T junction is connected, variation has taken place in the phase place of reflection coefficient, at this moment need be at inner tuning tooth and the diaphragm of increasing of T junction, as shown in Figure 7, by shape, the position that changes tuning tooth and diaphragm, adjust the waveguide length of junction, come the variation of compensatory reflex coefficient phase place.Because influencing each other between these tuning links is complicated, variable need be arranged to optimize in their size, position, the passband return loss and the stopband of frequency diplexer are suppressed to be arranged to optimization aim, be optimized, realize the Broadband Matching of frequency diplexer by pattern matching method.
(2) high power tolerance
Because filter adopts the resonant cavity form, signal produces resonance at resonant cavity, and the electric current additive effect is very big, therefore adopts H facial mask sheet filter shown in Figure 7, makes that the distance of waveguide internal electric field transmission is maximum, to improve its micro discharge surplus; Thermal field according to frequency diplexer distributes simultaneously, at the Position Design fin of thermal field fastest transmission, as shown in Figure 6, can reduce the parts surface temperature, protects its operate as normal.
(3) anti-PIM design
Frequency diplexer makes mismachining tolerance reach minimum to the influence of electrical property by fully optimizing and tolerance analysis, does not therefore have any adjustable link, avoids the PIM that causes because of discontinuity; Adopt broadside symmetry subdivision (position as shown in Figure 6), first contains public port, and second shell one side has and the parallel fin in the narrow limit of filter, and the inside diaphragm of two halves adopts integrated processing.The split surface current density is minimum, can avoid the non-linear contact-making surface electric current that causes of electric field to increase sharply; The path filter diaphragm adopts integrated processing mode, does not have welding technology, avoids the non-linear generation PIM because of material.
Testing experiment result of the present invention is as follows:
Port performance: obtain the actual performance of feed assembly by electric performance test, standing-wave ratio<1.3 in the transmitting-receiving broadband, polarization interport isolation>45dB, frequency ports isolation>45dB.
High power tolerance performance: feed assembly has passed through a standard evaluation level vacuum micro discharge test that POLARIZATION CHANNEL input pulse power is 2350W; Passed through the power resistance test under the total power input state, the feed surface temperature is lower than 70 ℃, satisfies the qualification test requirement;
Anti-PIM ability: under two-way 100W transmitted input, when test temperature was respectively low temperature (55 ℃), room temperature, high temperature (+142 ℃), the 7 rank PIM products that the port that is connected with the transponder input at feed assembly records were less than-194dBc.
The unspecified part of the present invention belongs to general knowledge as well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. the high-power low PIM of Ku frequency range broadband polarization frequency-duplex feed assembly, it is characterized in that: form by symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler and two frequency diplexers, described symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler comprises internal structure and shell, described internal structure comprises public square wave guide, symmetry both arms coupling path and vertically straight-through road, form public port, the synthetic port of symmetry both arms and vertical straight-through port, two side symmetries of described public square wave guide are opened up two unidimensional rectangle coupling windows, the long limit of rectangle coupling window center line overlaps with public square wave guide side center line, two rectangle coupling windows connect of two symmetrical both arms of symmetrical both arms coupling path respectively, the angle of rectangle coupling window and symmetrical both arms is 45 °, insert and the parallel and isometric perceptual post in the long limit of rectangle coupling window in the minor face midpoint of rectangle coupling window, the placed in the middle insertion and both sides rectangle coupling window figuration diaphragm connected vertically in public square wave guide, the thickness direction of figuration diaphragm is parallel with the long limit of rectangle coupling window, the linear intercepting on described figuration diaphragm top is from one section of the exponential function curve, the linear symmetry in both sides is consistent, the bottom is a rectangle, the width of rectangle is consistent with the length of side of public square wave guide, the intersection point of top exponential function curve and bottom rectangle drops on the long limit away from public port of both sides rectangle coupling window, public square wave guide connection side square changeover portion and 90 ° of waveguide bends of E face form vertical straight-through port, symmetry both arms coupling path connects the breeches joint that inserts the triangle diaphragm and forms the synthetic port of symmetrical both arms, and vertically straight-through port respectively is connected a frequency diplexer with the synthetic port of symmetrical both arms.
2. the high-power low PIM of a kind of Ku frequency range according to claim 1 broadband polarization frequency-duplex feed assembly, it is characterized in that: described frequency diplexer is that transmission channel filter and receive path filter are formed by T connector and two path filters, transmission channel filter and receive path filter adopt H facial mask sheet form, the symmetrical horizontal ends both sides of T connector connect transmission channel filter and receive path filter by one section straight wave guide respectively, the vertical end of T connector forms public port, the H facial mask sheet that a pair of symmetrical distribution is arranged at the public port place of T connector, the side at the horizontal ends center of T connector near the receive path filter has a tuning tooth.
3. the high-power low PIM of a kind of Ku frequency range according to claim 1 broadband polarization frequency-duplex feed assembly, it is characterized in that: described symmetrical both arms orthomode coupler is two parts from the oriented partition vertical with sidewall rectangle coupling window, the bottom contains complete figuration diaphragm and vertical straight-through port, the shell upper surface medium position on top has the vertical fin in plane that forms with symmetrical both arms coupling path, and two-part internal structure is a global formation.
4. the high-power low PIM of a kind of Ku frequency range according to claim 2 broadband polarization frequency-duplex feed assembly, it is characterized in that: described frequency diplexer is from the broadside symmetry subdivision of filter, first contains public port, second shell one side has and the parallel fin in the narrow limit of filter, and the inside diaphragm of two halves adopts integrated processing.
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