CN102288277A - Drilling mud sound velocity measurement device and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Drilling mud sound velocity measurement device and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102288277A CN102288277A CN2011101274715A CN201110127471A CN102288277A CN 102288277 A CN102288277 A CN 102288277A CN 2011101274715 A CN2011101274715 A CN 2011101274715A CN 201110127471 A CN201110127471 A CN 201110127471A CN 102288277 A CN102288277 A CN 102288277A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling mud sound velocity measurement device and a measurement method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: generating excitation electrical signals; enabling a resonant cavity with drilling mud to generate resonance under the action of the excitation electrical signals, wherein the wall of the resonant cavity comprises a piezoceramic material, and the piezoelectric ceramic is polarized in the thickness direction; receiving resonance sound field information in the resonant cavity and performing acoustical-electrical energy conversion to obtain converted electrical signals; and processing the converted electrical signals to obtain sound velocity signals. By adopting the resonance acoustic spectroscopy measurement method, receiving signals are strong, thus, the problems, such as incapability of obtaining the receiving signals, sound attenuation and enhancement and the like, resulted from increased concentration of drilling mud solution in the current ultrasound reflection method or transmission method are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method of drilling mud acoustic velocity, relate in particular to a kind of measurement mechanism that can be directly used in the drilling mud acoustic velocity, it is mainly used in measurement while drilling field of engineering technology in the wellbore construction process.
Background technology
In drilling process, local variation takes place for the shape of well and diameter is very general, and this situation is particularly outstanding in high gradient well.Can high precision with boring ultrasound wave wellbore gauging instrument, determine the ovality of well to high vertical resolution, its measurement data can be sent to ground, and is used for measurement while drilling (with brill density logging etc.) data are compensated.The more important thing is,, can find the instability of well early by means of its real-time measurement.Yet the accurate Calculation of hole diameter mainly depends on the accurate measurement of mud acoustic velocity.Therefore the acoustic velocity of drilling mud accurately measure become directly measure with drilling well in a most key ring.
Acoustic velocity mainly is subjected to the influence of factors such as mud matrix (oil or water), density, salt content, pressure and temperature in the drilling mud.When carrying out the ultrasonic measurement borehole diameter, key will be known the speed of sound wave in mud in the subsurface environment.But in the process of creeping into, seldom can know its exact value, generally adopt the method for valuation.Therefore, to carry out quality control to valuation.Generally can be by comparing with a known diameter, detect it accuracy, proofread and correct then.By mud sample of selectable sampling, under certain temperature and pressure, test its acoustic wave character then, and then guarantee the output of correct data.It should be noted that the change that to keep a close eye on mud character in drilling process,, just need further detect mud speed if having.
At present, the drilling mud acoustic velocity value mainly is data and the test result that the method according to ultrasonic reflection widely or transmission measures, and determines through the down-hole pressure and the method for temperature effect correction.There are deficiencies such as measuring accuracy finite sum real-time difference in definite method of this mud velocity of sound.
Summary of the invention
The method that the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of resonance acoustic spectroscopy is carried out the acoustic velocity of drilling mud and is measured, and its measurement mechanism is provided.Utilize to measure the resonance acoustic spectroscopy of the resonator cavity that is filled with the different component drilling mud, ask for information such as the acoustic velocity of drilling mud and acoustic attenuation.
For realizing this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device, comprises resonator cavity, and the resonator cavity wall comprises piezoceramic material, and piezoelectric ceramics polarizes at thickness direction; Resonator cavity is resonance under the excitation action of electric signals, and resonance frequency obtains the drilling mud velocity of sound thus.
For realizing this purpose, the invention allows for a kind of drilling mud sonic velocity measurement method, comprise producing the excitation electric signal; Under the excitation action of electric signals, make the resonator cavity of drilling mud produce resonance; Wherein the resonator cavity wall comprises piezoceramic material, and piezoelectric ceramics polarizes at thickness direction; Receive the resonant acoustic field information in the resonant cavity, and it is carried out energy conversion between the acoustic-electric, thus the electric signal after obtaining changing; From the electric signal after the conversion, handle and obtain velocity of sound signal.
The resonance acoustic spectroscopy measuring method and the measurement mechanism of a kind of drilling mud velocity of sound that the present invention proposes, its advantage are that one is that its suitable drilling mud proportion variation range is big; The 2nd, it can satisfy the on-line measurement requirement of the drilling mud velocity of sound, has characteristics such as accurate, convenient and real-time.
Description of drawings
Exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be understood from the accompanying drawing of the detailed description that hereinafter provides and different embodiments of the invention more completely, however this should not be regarded as the present invention is limited to specific embodiment, and should be just in order to explain and to understand.
Fig. 1 is a drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the resonator cavity synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the receiver synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the following detailed description of described exemplary embodiment only is illustrative, and not be to be intended to be limited by any way.Other embodiment will easily present to and benefit from this class technician of the present disclosure.Now, with the enforcement of the exemplary embodiment of reference as shown in some accompanying drawings at length.Spread all over accompanying drawing and in the detailed description of back, will use identical Reference numeral to point out identical or similar part.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device mainly comprises resonator cavity 11, set collar 12, container 13, receiver 14, mud solution 15 to be measured, signal generating unit 21, signal processing unit 22, parts such as data storage and achievement display unit 23.Resonator cavity 11 is fixed on the container 13 by set collar 12, makes it to fuse.Receiver 14 is fixed on a side head of container 13, is full of mud liquid in the container 13.Resonator cavity 11 is connected with signal generating unit 21, and receiver 14 is connected with signal processing unit 22, and signal processing unit 22 is connected with achievement display unit 23 with data storage.
Produce the excitation electric signal by signal generating unit 21, through the energy conversion between the electroacoustic, make resonator cavity 11 produce vibration, change the frequency of excitation electric signal gradually, make resonator cavity 11 produce resonance, this makes the sound field in the resonant cavity change, this process receives sound field information in the resonant cavity by receiver 14 by the energy conversion between the acoustic-electric, and process signal processing unit 22 carries out the amplification and the filtering of received signal, carry out data processing through data storage and achievement display unit 23 at last, carry out data storage and interpretation results then and show.The resonance acoustic spectroscopy of the resonator cavity when whole measuring process can obtain the different component drilling mud, and then can obtain parameters such as the acoustic velocity of different component drilling mud and acoustic attenuation.
Be example hereinafter, introduce concrete measuring principle of the present invention with the cylindrical cavity.Certainly, the invention is not restricted to cylindrical cavity, can also be applicable to the resonator cavity of other shape, for example the rectangular parallelepiped resonator cavity.
Suppose to have a time-limited rigid cylindrical resonator cavity, its length is L, and inside radius is a, and being full of the velocity of sound in the resonator cavity is that c, density are the monophasic fluid medium of ρ.Under cylindrical coordinate, find the solution wave equation and be in conjunction with the resonant frequency that boundary condition can get cylindrical cavity body (intra resonant cavity does not have the microvariations body):
L=0 in the formula, 1,2,3 ..., α
MnBe equation dJ
mSeparate for the n of (π r)/dr=0.
If only consider axisymmetric condition, this moment, m should equal 0, and the lowest-order pattern of the corresponding resonance frequency of sound wave of propagating along the z direction of principal axis is l=1 and n=0, and promptly the pairing lowest resonance frequency of resonant cavity lowest mode can be written as:
f
0＝c/2L (2)
Further,
c＝2·L·f
0 (3)
By following formula as can be known, the velocity of sound size of fluid is by 2 times of decisions of the length of resonant cavity and resonant cavity lowest mode resonant frequency product in the vertical in the resonator cavity.
In one embodiment, container 13 is the apparatus for placing of mud liquid 15, also is the protective device that prevents that mud liquid 15 from revealing.Container 13 is right cylinder or rectangular parallelepiped, and generally higher and corrosion resistant alloy or special engineering plastics material constitute by intensity, is mainly used to hold mud solution and fixing resonator cavity.The set collar 12 at container 13 middle parts is mainly used to fixedly resonator cavity 11, produces when preventing resonator cavity 11 vibrations and slides.Receiver 14 is fixed on the bottom of container 13, and the mud 15 in receiver 14 1 ends and the resonator cavity 11 contacts.Be full of mud 15 in the entire container 13.Mud 15 is mainly the drilling mud liquid of different component.
In one embodiment, resonator cavity is made of the high temperature lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) electrooptical ceramics material, and working temperature is generally in-40 ℃ of-250 ℃ of scopes.As shown in Figure 2, resonator cavity 11 is shaped as right cylinder, and the termination, two sides is open, highly is 100mm-800mm, and external diameter is 20mm-100mm.The piezoelectric ceramics polarised direction is a thickness direction, and inside and outside wall is connected with signal generating unit 21 by high temperature wire 16 respectively.
Receiver 14 structures of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3.Receiver 14 generally is made up of piezoelectric ceramic ring and cover plate, and piezoelectric ceramics polarizes at thickness direction, and its surfaces externally and internally is coated with metals such as silver or nickel.Be mainly used to realize the energy conversion between the acoustic-electric, and receive the variation of the resonance acoustic spectroscopy in the resonant cavity.
Receiver among the present invention is not limited only to this a kind of mode, can be replaced by other any mode.
In one embodiment, receiver is made of the pipe of reception type high-temperature piezoelectric ceramic material, the long 10-100mm of ceramic pipe, external diameter 10-40mm, wall thickness 1.0-10.0mm.Piezoelectric ceramic tube is fixed on the container 13 by cover plate 17.Cover plate is a polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, and the aperture 19 on the cover plate both can be used for running through signal lead 18, also can make to be full of mud liquid 15 in the piezoelectric ceramic tube, the internal and external pressure balance of holding tube.Hole diameter 3-30mm.Wherein, signal lead 18 is high temperature wires.These unit constructions are one, are assembled in the container 13.The signal lead 18 of piezoelectric ceramic tube is connected with signal processing unit 22.
Data storage of the present invention and achievement display unit 23, it mainly is the resonance acoustic spectroscopy of the resonator cavity 11 that will obtain under the different measuring condition, convert the velocity of sound and the acoustic attenuation information of mud liquid 15 to according to aforesaid measuring principle, and data are stored the demonstration with the result before and after will handling, and provide the velocity of sound harmony attenuation change curve of real-time mud liquid 15.Data storage and achievement display unit can show measurement result by oscillograph, also can be by Computer Storage measurement data and data processed result, and show explanation results in real time.
Because the present invention adopts the measuring method of resonance acoustic spectroscopy, makes received signal strong, thereby present ultrasonic reflection method or transmission beam method have been solved because the drilling mud solution concentration increases the problems of bringing such as received signal or acoustic attenuation enhancing that can not get.In addition,, make resonance acoustic spectroscopy measurements of resonant cavity be applicable to the change of component of wider mud solution because the present invention adopts steady stimulation and two kinds of mode of operations of transient excite, and real-time, on-line measurement requirement in the site operation process.
Although illustrated and described specific embodiments of the present invention, yet do not deviating from exemplary embodiment of the present invention and more under the prerequisite of broad aspect, those skilled in the art obviously can make changes and modifications based on teaching herein.Therefore, appended claim is intended to that all this classes are not deviated from the true spirit of exemplary embodiment of the present invention and the variation and the change of scope is included within its scope.
Claims (9)
1. a drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device comprises resonator cavity, and the resonator cavity wall comprises piezoceramic material, and piezoelectric ceramics polarizes at thickness direction; Resonator cavity is resonance under the excitation action of electric signals, and resonance frequency obtains the drilling mud velocity of sound thus.
2. drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that resonator cavity is right cylinder or rectangular parallelepiped.
3. drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that termination, resonator cavity two sides is open.
4. drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising receiver, and receiver is made up of piezoelectric ceramic ring, and piezoelectric ceramics polarizes at thickness direction, and being used for the resonant acoustic conversion of signals is electric signal.
5. drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising signal generating unit, is used to provide the excitation that makes piezoelectric ceramics resonance electric signal.
6. drilling mud acoustic velocity measutement device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that comprising signal processing unit, is used for electric signal after the conversion and handles and to obtain velocity of sound signal.
7. a drilling mud sonic velocity measurement method comprises the following steps:
Produce the excitation electric signal;
Under the excitation action of electric signals, make the resonator cavity of drilling mud produce resonance; Wherein the resonator cavity wall comprises piezoceramic material, and piezoelectric ceramics polarizes at thickness direction;
Receive the resonant acoustic field information in the resonant cavity, and it is carried out energy conversion between the acoustic-electric, thus the electric signal after obtaining changing;
From the electric signal after the conversion, handle and obtain velocity of sound signal.
8. as drilling mud sonic velocity measurement method as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that signal generating unit is the steady stimulation mode of operation.
9. as drilling mud sonic velocity measurement method as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that signal generating unit is the transient excite mode of operation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108496097A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2018-09-04 | 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 | Self-tuning pinger |
| CN111279187A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2020-06-12 | 泰科电子日本合同会社 | Concentration measuring instrument |
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| US20100010750A1 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2010-01-14 | Daniel Baron | Method for measuring the pressure and/or molar mass of a gas in a housing, and corresponding measurement assembly |
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| CN108496097A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2018-09-04 | 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 | Self-tuning pinger |
| US10656297B2 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2020-05-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Self-tuning sonic transmitters |
| CN111279187A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2020-06-12 | 泰科电子日本合同会社 | Concentration measuring instrument |
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