CN102286712B - Process for enhancing thermal fatigue performance of aluminum-silicon alloy - Google Patents
Process for enhancing thermal fatigue performance of aluminum-silicon alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102286712B CN102286712B CN 201110289498 CN201110289498A CN102286712B CN 102286712 B CN102286712 B CN 102286712B CN 201110289498 CN201110289498 CN 201110289498 CN 201110289498 A CN201110289498 A CN 201110289498A CN 102286712 B CN102286712 B CN 102286712B
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Abstract
The invention provides process for enhancing the thermal fatigue performance of aluminum-silicon alloy and belongs to the technical field of aluminum-silicon alloy. The process is characterized in that material is the aluminum-silicon alloy; and the treatment process comprises the following steps: (a) performing T6 treatment, wherein the solid solution temperature is 490+/-5 DEG C; and performing heat preservation for 6 hours, wherein the aging temperature is 165+/-5 DEG C; (b) performing casting condition quenching and ageing treatment, wherein the casting condition quenching refers to performing pouring and pressure maintaining for 5 minutes and then quenching the product and a sand mould in water, the aging temperature is 180+/-5 DEG C and the heat preservation is performed for 6 hours; and (c) realizing casting condition. The aluminum-silicon alloy material is subjected to electrospark wire cutting to obtain a hot fatigue sample shown in the figure 1. The samples in three states are subjected to hot-cold circulation, and the hot-cold circulation is performed on a self-made full-constraint automatic cold fatigue and hot fatigue testing machine. The circulation temperature adopts time-setting control, the heating time is 2 minutes, the cooling time of the circulating water is 10 seconds and the depth of the samples in water is 10+/-2mm.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aluminum silicon alloy technical field, refer in particular to a kind of process method that improves the aluminum silicon alloy thermal fatigue property.
Background technology
In many engineering problems, usually run into the problem in the periodically variable temperature field of intercropping at any time.Aluminum silicon alloy is a main raw of making engine cylinder-body, piston etc.Mover is when starting and shutdown, and with the unstable temperature field of acute variation, will produce bigger thermal stresses this moment, makes parts locally get into the plastic zone, and follows the short-term creep.Along with the increase and the maximization of rating of engine coefficient, the damage of thermal stresses and association thereof is taken measures, whenever all more important as the main points in the design than in the past.In engine part, thermal stresses is the most serious is the piston that constitutes the combustion chamber, cylinder head, cylinder sleeve, vent valve etc.For mover, the direct destruction that is caused by thermal stresses also is the high temperature low cycle fatigue.In the design of cylinder, piston and the valve etc. of machinery, must consider so caused thermal stresses in temperature field.Because the outside temperature fluctuation can cause crack initiation and expansion thereof in the thermal stresses that material internal produces, material hardness can change in the cold cycling process, and oxidation corrosion is influential to thermal fatigue property.The present invention does not consider to add the effect of mechanical stress, uses full constraint automatic cooling/heating protracted test machine the aluminum silicon alloy material is carried out cold cycling, for better the life-span of prediction engine material provides corresponding foundation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is a kind of process method that improves the aluminum silicon alloy thermal fatigue property, it is characterized by, material is an aluminum silicon alloy; Chemical ingredients is weight percentage, and Si is 6.5～7.5%, and Cu is 3.5～4.5%; Mn is 0.30～0.45%, and Mg is 0.35～0.45%, and Zn is 0.4～0.6%; Fe≤0.35%, adding compound modifier is 0.5%, surplus is Al%.The compound modifier composition is weight percentage, and Ti is 10～30%, and Sr is 10～30%, and Cr is 5～16%, and Ni is 5～16%%; Zr is 4～12%, and B is 4～12%, and Ce is 3～10%, and La is 3～10%; Y is 3～10%, and Nb is 2～8%, and V is 2～8%, and surplus is aluminium.Adopt Medium frequency induction smelting furnace plumbago crucible to melt, except that Mg, Zn, compound modifier, other material adds in the plumbago crucible; Be warming up to about 750 ℃ after being fused into alloy liquid, add Mg and Zn, add commercially available degasifier then and carry out degasification; Add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid, and degasification finishes the back and adds compound modifier, and the compound modifier add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid; Only put the cast of coming out of the stove behind the 5min, teeming temperature is 730～750 ℃.Adopt the wire cutting method sampling to pouring into a mould cooled aluminum silicon alloy material, the thermal fatigue sample is as shown in Figure 1.Treatment process is divided into (a) T6 to be handled, and 490 ± 5 ℃ of solid solubility temperatures are incubated 6 hours, and 165 ± 5 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 6 hours; (b) quenching as-cast adds timeliness and handles, and quenching as-cast is promptly poured into a mould pressurize and quenched in the entry together with sand mold after 5 minutes, and 180 ± 5 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 6 hours; (c) as cast condition.Sample to three kinds of states carries out cold cycling; Cold cycling is on homemade full constraint automatic cooling/heating protracted test machine, to carry out; Circulating temperature adopts control when establishing for
; Be 2min heat-up time; The recirculated water cooling time is 10s, and the sample underwater penetration is (10 ± 2) mm.
Before the cold cycling, with all sample mechanical polishing, observation breach and near zone are qualified with flawless under opticmicroscope.In the cold cycling process, adopt the germinating and the expansion of Leica opticmicroscope and sem observation crackle, measure its v-notch place crack length simultaneously.
Shown in Figure 2 is the heat fatigue cracking growth behavior of sample in 350 ℃ of following circulation 11600N processes of three kinds of states, has comprised the germinating and the expansion of thermal crack.The growth rate of alloy heat fatigue cracking is along with first the increase afterwards of the increase of cycle index reduces.Can be found out that by Fig. 2 the cold cycling number of times is when 7000N, three kinds of samples have all produced significantly crackle, (b), (c) sample crack length reaches 0.1mm, and the relatively short 0.03mm that is about of (a) sample crack length this moment.But along with the increase of cold cycling number of times, the crack length of three kinds of samples all presents ascendant trend.In circulation cycle 7000～9400N process, (a) (b) crackle grow up rapidlyer, then present milder trend, during cold cycling 11600N, (a) (b) both length is about 0.45mm, 0.64mm respectively; (c) sample is when circulation cycle 7000～9400N and 10400～11600N, and the coarsening rate of its crackle is all bigger, and length reaches 1.0mm nearly during 11600N.This is illustrated under 350 ℃, and the thermal fatigue resistance of the sample that T6 handles is better than the sample that quenching as-cast adds timeliness, as cast condition two states.The thermal fatigue resistance that quenching as-cast adds the timeliness sample is better than the sample of as cast condition state.This mainly is because after the T6 processing, the trace element in the alloy better is dissolved in the matrix, when strengthening matrix, makes matrix obtain intensity and plasticity flexible combine well.Simultaneously, the grain fineness number of T6 processing sample obviously is less than the sample of other two states, and crystal grain is tiny more, and crystal boundary is more tortuous, and length and area are big more, and the resistance that crack propagation is produced is also big more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 thermal fatigue sample synoptic diagram
(a) T6 handles; (b) quenching as-cast adds timeliness; (c) as cast condition.
The relation curve of Fig. 2 crack length and cold cycling number of times
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Material is an aluminum silicon alloy, and chemical ingredients is weight percentage, and Si is 6.5～7.5%, and Cu is 3.5～4.5%, and Mn is 0.30～0.45%, and Mg is 0.35～0.45%, and Zn is 0.4～0.6%, Fe≤0.35%, and adding compound modifier is 0.5%, surplus is Al%.The compound modifier composition is weight percentage, and Ti is 10～30%, and Sr is 10～30%, and Cr is 5～16%, and Ni is 5～16%%; Zr is 4～12%, and B is 4～12%, and Ce is 3～10%, and La is 3～10%; Y is 3～10%, and Nb is 2～8%, and V is 2～8%, and surplus is aluminium.Adopt Medium frequency induction smelting furnace plumbago crucible to melt, except that Mg, Zn, compound modifier, other material adds in the plumbago crucible; Be warming up to about 750 ℃ after being fused into alloy liquid, add Mg and Zn, add commercially available degasifier then and carry out degasification; Add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid, and degasification finishes the back and adds compound modifier, and the compound modifier add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid; Only put the cast of coming out of the stove behind the 5min, teeming temperature is 730～750 ℃.Adopt the wire cutting method sampling to pouring into a mould cooled aluminum silicon alloy material, the thermal fatigue sample is as shown in Figure 1.Material is handled with T6, and 490 ± 5 ℃ of solid solubility temperatures are incubated 6 hours, and 165 ± 5 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 6 hours; Sample is carried out cold cycling; Cold cycling is on homemade full constraint automatic cooling/heating protracted test machine, to carry out; Circulating temperature adopts control when establishing for
; Be 2min heat-up time, and the recirculated water cooling time is 10s, and the sample underwater penetration is (10 ± 2) mm.During cold cycling 11600N, sample crack length be about 0.45mm.
Embodiment 2
Material is an aluminum silicon alloy, and chemical ingredients is weight percentage, and Si is 6.5～7.5%, and Cu is 3.5～4.5%, and Mn is 0.30～0.45%, and Mg is 0.35～0.45%, and Zn is 0.4～0.6%, Fe≤0.35%, and adding compound modifier is 0.5%, surplus is Al%.The compound modifier composition is weight percentage, and Ti is 10～30%, and Sr is 10～30%, and Cr is 5～16%, and Ni is 5～16%%; Zr is 4～12%, and B is 4～12%, and Ce is 3～10%, and La is 3～10%; Y is 3～10%, and Nb is 2～8%, and V is 2～8%, and surplus is aluminium.Adopt Medium frequency induction smelting furnace plumbago crucible to melt, except that Mg, Zn, compound modifier, other material adds in the plumbago crucible; Be warming up to about 750 ℃ after being fused into alloy liquid, add Mg and Zn, add commercially available degasifier then and carry out degasification; Add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid, and degasification finishes the back and adds compound modifier, and the compound modifier add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid; Only put the cast of coming out of the stove behind the 5min, teeming temperature is 730～750 ℃.Adopt the wire cutting method sampling to pouring into a mould cooled aluminum silicon alloy material, the thermal fatigue sample is as shown in Figure 1.Adopt quenching as-cast to add timeliness to material and handle, quenching as-cast is promptly poured into a mould pressurize and is quenched in the entry together with sand mold after 5 minutes, and 180 ± 5 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 6 hours; Sample is carried out cold cycling, and cold cycling is on homemade full constraint automatic cooling/heating protracted test machine, to carry out.The cold cycling temperature adopts control when establishing for
; Be 2min heat-up time; The recirculated water cooling time is 10s, and the sample underwater penetration is (10 ± 2) mm.During cold cycling 11600N, sample crack length be about 0.64mm.
Embodiment 3
Material is an aluminum silicon alloy, and chemical ingredients is weight percentage, and Si is 6.5～7.5%, and Cu is 3.5～4.5%, and Mn is 0.30～0.45%, and Mg is 0.35～0.45%, and Zn is 0.4～0.6%, Fe≤0.35%, and adding compound modifier is 0.5%, surplus is Al%.The compound modifier composition is weight percentage, and Ti is 10～30%, and Sr is 10～30%, and Cr is 5～16%, and Ni is 5～16%%; Zr is 4～12%, and B is 4～12%, and Ce is 3～10%, and La is 3～10%; Y is 3～10%, and Nb is 2～8%, and V is 2～8%, and surplus is aluminium.Adopt Medium frequency induction smelting furnace plumbago crucible to melt, except that Mg, Zn, compound modifier, other material adds in the plumbago crucible; Be warming up to about 750 ℃ after being fused into alloy liquid, add Mg and Zn, add commercially available degasifier then and carry out degasification; Add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid, and degasification finishes the back and adds compound modifier, and the compound modifier add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid; Only put the cast of coming out of the stove behind the 5min, teeming temperature is 730～750 ℃.Adopt the wire cutting method sampling to pouring into a mould cooled aluminum silicon alloy material, the thermal fatigue sample is as shown in Figure 1.Material adopts as cast condition; Sample is carried out cold cycling, and cold cycling is on homemade full constraint automatic cooling/heating protracted test machine, to carry out.The cold cycling temperature adopts control when establishing for
; Be 2min heat-up time; The recirculated water cooling time is 10s, and the sample underwater penetration is (10 ± 2) mm.During cold cycling 11600N, sample crack length be about 1.0mm.
Claims (2)
1. a process method that improves the aluminum silicon alloy thermal fatigue property is characterized by, and material is an aluminum silicon alloy; Chemical ingredients is weight percentage, and Si is 6.5～7.5%, and Cu is 3.5～4.5%; Mn is 0.30～0.45%, and Mg is 0.35～0.45%, and Zn is 0.4～0.6%; Fe≤0.35%, adding compound modifier is 0.5%, surplus is Al; The compound modifier composition is weight percentage, and Ti is 10～30%, and Sr is 10～30%, and Cr is 5～16%, and Ni is 5～16%; Zr is 4～12%, and B is 4～12%, and Ce is 3～10%, and La is 3～10%; Y is 3～10%, and Nb is 2～8%, and V is 2～8%, and surplus is aluminium; Adopt Medium frequency induction smelting furnace plumbago crucible to melt, except that Mg, Zn, compound modifier, other material adds in the plumbago crucible; Be warming up to about 750 ℃ after being fused into alloy liquid, add Mg and Zn, add commercially available degasifier then and carry out degasification; Add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid, and degasification finishes the back and adds compound modifier, and the compound modifier add-on is 0.5% of an alloy liquid; Only put the cast of coming out of the stove behind the 5min, teeming temperature is 730～750 ℃; Adopt the wire cutting method sampling to pouring into a mould cooled aluminum silicon alloy material, the thermal fatigue sample is as shown in Figure 1; Treatment process is that T6 handles, and 490 ± 5 ℃ of solid solubility temperatures are incubated 6 hours, and 165 ± 5 ℃ of aging temps are incubated 6 hours; Cold cycling is on homemade full constraint automatic cooling/heating protracted test machine, to carry out; Circulating temperature adopts control when establishing for
; Be 2min heat-up time; The recirculated water cooling time is 10s, and the sample underwater penetration is (10 ± 2) mm.
2. according to the said a kind of process method that improves the aluminum silicon alloy thermal fatigue property of claim 1, treatment process is T6 when handling, 490 ± 5 ℃ of solid solubility temperatures; Be incubated 6 hours; When 165 ± 5 ℃ of aging temps, cold cycling 11600 times, the crack length of sample is about 0.45mm.
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| CN103014806A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-04-03 | 业纮企业股份有限公司 | Surface treatment method for aluminum alloy parts for valves |
| CN105088016A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-25 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Zinc-aluminum-copper-chromium-silicon-manganese alloy with improved frictional wear resistant performance |
| CN105088046A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-25 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Composite alterant capable of improving thermal fatigue resistant performance of zinc-aluminum-copper-nickel-molybdenum-manganese alloy |
| CN104328315B (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of process improving polybasic aluminum silicon alloy friction and wear behavior |
| CN105586515A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-05-18 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Compound modification treated multi-component aluminium-silicon alloy |
| CN105586513A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-05-18 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Heat treatment technology for raising wear resistance of multi-component aluminium-silicon alloy |
| CN108559884A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-09-21 | 铜陵康达铝合金制品有限责任公司 | A kind of intensity is high, birmastic material |
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| CN111893353B (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2021-07-06 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | High-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112662921B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-03-25 | 成都慧腾创智信息科技有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness die-casting aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
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