CN102284678A - Method for preparing formwork of precisely-cast titanium alloy - Google Patents
Method for preparing formwork of precisely-cast titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102284678A CN102284678A CN201110244479XA CN201110244479A CN102284678A CN 102284678 A CN102284678 A CN 102284678A CN 201110244479X A CN201110244479X A CN 201110244479XA CN 201110244479 A CN201110244479 A CN 201110244479A CN 102284678 A CN102284678 A CN 102284678A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a formwork of a precisely-cast titanium alloy. The method provided by the invention comprises the following four steps of: preparing a surface layer, preparing a transitional layer, preparing a reinforced layer, de-waxing and sintering. The method provided by the invention has a simple formwork preparing process, the cost of a shell mould is low, can effectively control the reaction between a titanium alloy casting and the surface material of the shell mould, reduces oxygen inlet amount of the alloy and is suitable for casting titanium alloy castings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the casting field, particularly hot investment casting titanium alloy field.
Background technology
Titanium is the novel engineering metal material that emerges rapidly after steel, iron, copper and aluminium, has characteristics such as intensity height, density are little, corrosion-resistant, nonmagnetic, good biocompatibility, more and more is subjected to people's favor.Initial stage is mainly used in military industry field, now just progressively to the civil area expansion, and increases rapidly.
Use more titanium alloy precision casting formwork at present, be broadly divided into: graphite formwork, tungsten surface layer ceramic shell mould, oxide ceramics formwork etc.Wherein, the foundry goods that the graphite formwork is poured into a mould out has the α brittle layer of one deck carburizing from the teeth outwards, and thickness is approximately 0.2～0.3mm, and it might cause the generation and the expansion of crackle under the stress effect.The heat endurance of graphite formwork has one limit, when graphite contacts with titanium liquid, under the condition that reaches the reacting activation energy, rapid heat release chain reaction might take place, so the complicated titanium alloy casting of the unsuitable casting large of graphite formwork.In addition, the shrinkage factor height of graphite formwork is the twice of common hot investment casting ceramic shell mould, and this has influenced the precision of hot investment casting graphite formwork titanium alloy precision casting.When tungsten surface layer ceramic shell mould prepared, tungsten powder used as the filler in the coating, and the performance of tungsten powder has significant impact to the quality of formwork, and tungsten powder requires that high intensity is arranged, otherwise can influence the quality of titanium alloy casting.Tungsten surface layer precise casting mould shell α must adopt solvent dewaxing, thereby health is had injury, and the while is contaminated environment also; Tungsten surface layer formwork roasting under reducing atmosphere in addition, dewaxing stone is deposited on the lip-deep mould material of formwork ash content and is difficult to burn, and is easy to when cast and the reaction of liquid titanium, forms pore at cast(ing) surface.The zirconia that uses in the surface layer of oxide ceramics formwork and the adjacent bed coating, yittrium oxide etc. and the less oxide of titanium liquid reaction, its performance is higher; Yittrium oxide wherein is better as the investment precoat casting character of filler, but hydration takes place yittrium oxide easily, and its slurry changes very responsive to the pH value, easily gelling.In addition, the oxide ceramics formwork can't be avoided forming α pickup layer at cast(ing) surface, and its thickness does not wait in 0.02～0.2mm scope.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, one of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hot investment casting titanium alloy with formwork preparation method low-cost, that stability is strong, adopts this method to prepare titanium alloy member and satisfies instructions for use.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of hot investment casting titanium alloy formwork preparation method is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) preparation surface layer: with granularity is that 200-400 purpose boron nitride powder and Ludox are that to be configured to flow cup viscosity in 2: 1～3: 1 be the 10-25 slip of second by weight; Above-mentioned slip is coated with hangs on the wax-pattern, the stucco granularity is a 40-100 purpose electrofused mullite sand, drying, preparation surface layer;
2) preparation transition zone: adopt 200-400 purpose Y
2O
3It is the 10-30 slip of second that powder and Ludox were configured to flow cup viscosity by weight 3: 1～4: 1, is coated with to hang the 2nd layer, spreads the electrofused mullite sand of 40-80 order granularity, drying; Adopt 200-400 purpose Al again
2O
3It is the 10-30 slip of second that powder and Ludox were configured to flow cup viscosity by weight 3: 1～4: 1, is coated with to hang the 3rd layer; Spread the electrofused mullite sand of 40-80 order granularity, drying;
3) preparation back-up coat: adopting bauxite and Ludox again is that 3: 1～4: 1 configurations bauxite slip and stucco granularities are that 16-24 purpose bastard coal stone sand is coated with extension and stucco 4-6 layer successively by weight, is coated with the once bauxite slip of above-mentioned preparation of extension at last, drying;
4) dewaxing, sintering.
Described step 1), add wetting agent, defoamer in the slip preparation process, wherein to account for the percentage by weight of slip be 1-5 ‰ to wetting agent, defoamer accounts for the percentage by weight 1-5 ‰ of slip, under stirring, add boron nitride powder, add wetting agent, defoamer afterwards successively, stir more than 10 hours, can coating;
Described wetting agent is polyethenoxy alkylphenols, low bubble wetting dispersing agent RFCF-10 or OPEO; Described defoamer is isopropyl alcohol, silicones or positive the eleventh of the twelve Earthly Branches alcohol.
It is 3-8 second in the 10-30 boron nitride slip of second that described step 1), wax-pattern group immerse flow cup viscosity, guarantees that slip evenly hangs on the wax-pattern, the stucco granularity is a 40-100 purpose electrofused mullite sand sand, in temperature is 30-35 ℃, and drying is 6 hours in the environment of humidity 30-70%, forms surface layer;
Described step 2) in, is coated with that to hang after the layers 2 and 3 in temperature be 30-35 ℃, in the environment of humidity 30-60% dry 8 hours, forms transition zone;
In the described step 3), the 4-6 layer is 30-35 ℃ in temperature all for every layer, and drying is 10 hours in the environment of humidity 30-60%, forms back-up coat; Last one deck is coated with hangs the bauxite slip, is 30-35 ℃ in temperature, and drying is 10 hours in the environment of humidity 30-60%;
Described Y
2O
3Powder is the electric smelting attitude;
Described step 4), the formwork that the dewaxing back forms carries out sintering again after room temperature is placed 4-10 hour, and the temperature of sintering is incubated 1-3 hour at 800-1200 ℃, and stove is chilled to below 300 ℃ and can takes out.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention adopts the surface material of the boron nitride of good stability as shell mould, and the oxygen feeding amount of control titanium alloy is fit to cast titanium alloy.Boron nitride is the highly stable refractory substance of a kind of chemical property, and the boron nitride ceramics formwork and the titanium or titanium alloy extent of reaction are little, and it is little to form α pickup layer thickness.The boron nitride stable chemical property, chemical reaction does not take place in it in water, acid, alkali, so contain the stable and gel not of the coating of boron nitride.
2. the present invention adopts boron nitride to do surface layer, adopts Y
2O
3And Al
2O
3Do transition zone, adopt electrofused mullite to do the stucco layer, guarantee the fastness that combines of surface layer and backing layer.The selection of these several potteries and combination make every performance indications of formwork all satisfy instructions for use, and with low cost
3, the binding agent of the present invention's employing is traditional Ludox, the SiO of this colloidal sol
2Percentage by weight is at 20-30%, this colloidal sol stable performance, can place half a year to several years performances constant, viscosity is 10-30s, the Si-O-Si key of micelle inside forms the cubic network structure, and colloidal particle and water contact interface then form the Si-OH hydration shell, and fire resisting material particle is bonded together, formation has the formwork of certain intensity, and is with low cost.
4. the present invention adopts steam dewaxing, convenient nontoxic.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of hot investment casting titanium alloy formwork preparation method is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) preparation surface layer: with granularity is that 200 purpose boron nitride powders and Ludox are configuration in 3: 1 by weight, add wetting agent, defoamer, wherein to account for the percentage by weight of slip be 3 ‰ to wetting agent, the percentage by weight that defoamer accounts for slip is 3 ‰, under stirring, add boron nitride powder, add wetting agent, defoamer afterwards successively, stirred 10 hours, be made into flow cup viscosity and be 16 seconds slip; In the present embodiment, wetting agent is a polyethenoxy alkylphenols, and defoamer is an isopropyl alcohol.The wax-pattern group was immersed in the above-mentioned boron nitride slip 6 seconds, guarantee that slip evenly hangs on the wax-pattern, the stucco granularity is 80 purpose electrofused mullite sand, and temperature is 30 ℃, in the environment of humidity 50% dry 6 hours, forms surface layer;
2) preparation transition zone: adopt 320 purpose Y
2O
3Powder and Ludox are 18 seconds slip by weight being configured to flow cup viscosity at 3: 1, are coated with and hang the 2nd layer, spread the electrofused mullite sand of 80 order granularities, are 30 ℃ in temperature, in the environment of humidity 50% dry 8 hours; Adopt 320 purpose Al again
2O
3Powder and Ludox are 18 seconds slip by weight being configured to flow cup viscosity at 3: 1, are coated with and hang the 3rd layer, spread the electrofused mullite sand of 80 order granularities, are 30 ℃ in temperature, in the environment of humidity 50% dry 8 hours; Form transition zone;
3) preparation back-up coat: adopting bauxite and Ludox again is that 3: 1 configurations bauxite slip and stucco granularities are that 20 purpose bastard coal stone sands are coated with extension and stucco 4-6 layer successively by weight, every layer is 30 ℃ in temperature all, drying is 10 hours in the environment of humidity 50%, forms back-up coat; Last one deck is coated with hangs the bauxite slip, is 30 ℃ in temperature, and drying is 10 hours in the environment of humidity 50%;
4) after employing steam mode dewaxed, formwork carried out sintering again after room temperature is placed 8 hours, and the temperature of sintering is incubated 2 hours at 1100 ℃, and stove is chilled to 300 ℃ of taking-ups, and the gained formwork waters a glass inner surface, the element stems position is bright and clean, and intensity is good.
With the formwork casting Ti6Al4V alloy of method for preparing, motlten metal and formwork respond slightly, and alloy is oxygenation 100ppm Wt% from formwork; And adopt common Al
2O
3Shell mould, the oxygen feeding amount of alloy has reached 600ppm Wt%.As seen, boron nitride shell mould surface material has excellent chemical stability.
Embodiment two
A kind of hot investment casting titanium alloy formwork preparation method is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) preparation surface layer: with granularity is that 320 purpose boron nitride powders and Ludox are configuration in 2.5: 1 by weight, add wetting agent, defoamer, wherein to account for the percentage by weight of slip be 3 ‰ to wetting agent, the percentage by weight that defoamer accounts for slip is 3 ‰, under stirring, add boron nitride powder, add wetting agent, defoamer afterwards successively, stirred 10 hours, be made into flow cup viscosity and be 13 seconds slip; In the present embodiment, wetting agent is a polyethenoxy alkylphenols, and defoamer is an isopropyl alcohol.The wax-pattern group was immersed in the above-mentioned boron nitride slip 6 seconds, guarantee that slip evenly hangs on the wax-pattern, the stucco granularity is 100 purpose electrofused mullite sand, and temperature is 35 ℃, in the environment of humidity 40% dry 6 hours, forms surface layer;
2) preparation transition zone: adopt 320 purpose Y
2O
3Powder and Ludox are 20 seconds slip by weight being configured to flow cup viscosity at 3.5: 1, are coated with and hang the 2nd layer, spread the electrofused mullite sand of 80 order granularities, are 35 ℃ in temperature, in the environment of humidity 40% dry 8 hours; Adopt 320 purpose Al again
2O
3Powder and Ludox are 20 seconds slip by weight being configured to flow cup viscosity at 3.5: 1, are coated with and hang the 3rd layer, spread the electrofused mullite sand of 80 order granularities, are 35 ℃ in temperature, in the environment of humidity 40% dry 8 hours; Form transition zone;
3) preparation back-up coat: adopting bauxite and Ludox again is that 3.5: 1 configurations bauxite slip and stucco granularities are that 24 purpose bastard coal stone sands are coated with extension and stucco 4-6 layer successively by weight, every layer is 35 ℃ in temperature all, drying is 10 hours in the environment of humidity 40%, forms back-up coat; Last one deck is coated with hangs the bauxite slip, is 35 ℃ in temperature, and drying is 10 hours in the environment of humidity 40%;
4) after employing steam mode dewaxed, formwork carried out sintering again after room temperature is placed 10 hours, and the temperature of sintering is incubated 1 hour at 1200 ℃, and stove is chilled to 300 ℃ of taking-ups, and the gained formwork waters a glass inner surface, the element stems position is bright and clean, and intensity is good.
With the formwork casting Ti6Al4V alloy of embodiment one and two preparations, motlten metal and formwork respond slightly, and alloy is oxygenation 100-120ppm Wt% from formwork; And adopt common Al
2O
3Shell mould, the oxygen feeding amount of alloy has reached 600ppm Wt%.As seen, the performance of formwork of the present invention than the prior art excellence many.
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment of the present invention and technological process by the foregoing description, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process, does not mean that promptly the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process could be implemented.The person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention to the interpolation of the equivalence replacement of each raw material of product of the present invention and auxiliary element, the selection of concrete mode etc., all drops within protection scope of the present invention and the open scope.
Claims (6)
1. hot investment casting titanium alloy formwork preparation method is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) preparation surface layer: with granularity is that 200-400 purpose boron nitride powder and Ludox are that to be configured to flow cup viscosity in 2: 1～3: 1 be the 10-25 slip of second by weight; Above-mentioned slip is coated with hangs on the wax-pattern, the stucco granularity is a 40-100 purpose electrofused mullite sand, drying, preparation surface layer;
2) preparation transition zone: adopt 200-400 purpose Y
2O
3It is the 10-30 slip of second that powder and Ludox were configured to flow cup viscosity by weight 3: 1～4: 1, is coated with to hang the 2nd layer, spreads the electrofused mullite sand of 40-80 order granularity, drying; Adopt 200-400 purpose Al again
2O
3It is the 10-30 slip of second that powder and Ludox were configured to flow cup viscosity by weight 3: 1～4: 1, is coated with to hang the 3rd layer; Spread the electrofused mullite sand of 40-80 order granularity, drying;
3) preparation back-up coat: adopting bauxite and Ludox again is that 3: 1～4: 1 configurations bauxite slip and stucco granularities are that 16-24 purpose bastard coal stone sand is coated with extension and stucco 4-6 layer successively by weight, is coated with the once bauxite slip of above-mentioned preparation of extension at last, drying;
4) dewaxing, sintering.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein said step 1), add wetting agent, defoamer in the slip preparation process, wherein to account for the percentage by weight of slip be 1-5 ‰ to wetting agent, defoamer accounts for the percentage by weight 1-5 ‰ of slip, adds boron nitride powder under stirring, adds wetting agent, defoamer afterwards successively, stir more than 10 hours, can coating; Described wetting agent is polyethenoxy alkylphenols, low bubble wetting dispersing agent RFCF-10 or OPEO; Described defoamer is isopropyl alcohol, silicones or positive the eleventh of the twelve Earthly Branches alcohol.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein said step 1), it is 3-8 second in the 10-30 boron nitride slip of second that the wax-pattern group immerses flow cup viscosity, guarantee that slip evenly hangs on the wax-pattern, the stucco granularity is a 40-100 purpose electrofused mullite sand sand, in temperature is 30-35 ℃, and drying is 6 hours in the environment of humidity 30-70%, forms surface layer.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein said step 2), be coated with that to hang after the layers 2 and 3 in temperature be 30-35 ℃, in the environment of humidity 30-60% dry 8 hours, form transition zone.
5. the method for claim 1, in the wherein said step 3), the 4-6 layer is 30-35 ℃ in temperature all for every layer, in the environment of humidity 30-60% dry 10 hours, forms back-up coat; Last one deck is coated with hangs the bauxite slip, is 30-35 ℃ in temperature, and drying is 10 hours in the environment of humidity 30-60%.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein said step 4), the formwork that the dewaxing back forms carries out sintering again after room temperature is placed 4-10 hour, and the temperature of sintering is incubated 1-3 hour at 800-1200 ℃, and stove is chilled to below 300 ℃ and can takes out.
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| CN102601307A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-07-25 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of shell mold for investment casting of TiAl based alloy |
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| CN102601307A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-07-25 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of shell mold for investment casting of TiAl based alloy |
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| CN104368748A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-25 | 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 | Investment casting shell molding process |
| CN104815960A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-08-05 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Process improving total quality of casting |
| CN104815959A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-08-05 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Precision casting process of casting |
| CN104999034A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-28 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Casting method of large allowance-free pressure expander precise casting piece |
| CN104999034B (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-04-19 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Casting method of large allowance-free pressure expander precise casting piece |
| CN106513578A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-22 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Shell preparation method for investment casting of Nb-Si-based alloy |
| CN106984795A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-07-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of Ti55 casts the temperature control clotting method of high-temperature titanium alloy |
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| CN109277529A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-29 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of model casting γ-TiAl-base alloy blade formwork |
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Application publication date: 20111221 |