CN102282431A - 用于光伏板的通用固定支架 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于将光伏板固定在房顶上的水平位置的支架，其能够普遍地用于由平整表面构成的房顶和包括不同横截面的由具有梯形肋的开槽板构成的房顶上。
Description
技术领域
本专利申请涉及一种用于将光伏板固定在房顶上的水平位置的通用支架。
背景技术
众所周知，为了节能的目的光伏板的使用大大增加，特别是对于工业或手工艺活动使用的仓库。
实际上，在这种类型的建筑物里，房顶由具有类似三明治结构的开槽板构成，其由聚氨酯类泡沫的厚支撑层和上部的金属薄板构成。
目前市面提供不同形式的开槽板，其区别在于用在金属覆盖表面的横截面。
所有的开槽板都具有多个可见的突起的肋这一特征，该肋通常具有梯形横截面，还被熟知的是，所述开槽板并不是以“一致的”形式制造，而是以不同形式制造，其区别在于突起的肋的横截面。
可以理解的是，在当前模式下，设置在开槽板上的肋基本上具有相同的高度，必须注意的是，它们在侧面的宽度和倾斜度是不同的。
而且，在其他情况下，房顶仍然是由传统的平面制成，其并没有设置突起的肋。
尽管有时会使用特殊类型的房顶，但根据两种可供选择的技术，能够完成光伏板在房顶上的安装。
根据第一种技术，在房顶上设计管状棒的栅格用以支撑和固定所述光伏板。
根据另一种可替换的技术，将多个坚固的支架安装到房顶上，具有垂直轴的螺杆在垂直方向上从所述支架突出。
管状棒被固定在螺杆上以支撑所述光伏板。
根据第二种技术，两个相邻的光伏板的边缘在相对侧被设置在每个固定板的两侧，这样在中间位置，后面的螺杆在垂直方向上突出。
然后，适当地设有通孔的小板***到螺杆上，从上到下抵着所述两个相邻的光伏板的上表面固定，这样能够阻止它们意外地抬起。
目前安装在由简单的板构成的非常平整的房顶上的所述支架优选地设有在垂直方向上突出的中央深长的部分，并具有一个孔，螺杆从下到上***所述孔中。
在房顶由开槽板制成的情况下，所述支架被安装“骑跨”在所述开槽板的每个肋上，在板的该点处具有最大厚度以及因此的最大的抗压性。
由于这个原因，适于和开槽板配合的所述支架设置有基本上倒转的U形部分，该U形部分使其准确地叠置在所述开槽板的肋上。
为了产生上面这样的情形，每个支架的横截面必须与相应的肋的横截面进行非常好的匹配。
考虑到市面上提供至少两种形式的开槽板，一种具有较高宽度的肋，另一种具有较低宽度的肋，很显然，所述支架必须以两种不同的形式来制造，其中的每一种形式仅用来适应于肋的所述类型中的一种。
由于这些前提，很明显，光伏板的安装者必须总是配备三种类型的支撑板，这是因为他们有可能被要求在具有平整的表面，或者具有很宽的肋的开槽板，或者具有不是很宽的肋的开槽板的房顶上进行工作。
发明内容
本发明的特殊的目的是首次发明了一种通用的支架，其能够方便和一般性地固定在三种类型的房顶上。
必须说明的是，本发明的支架基本上呈方形，具有特殊的凹形的十字结构，其中所述十字的两臂由两个呈直线形的凹形部分构成，所述凹形部分具有基本上呈梯形的横截面并在侧面具有不同的倾斜度，从而具有不同宽度的内腔。
特别地，这些呈直线形的凹形部分中的一个具有梯形的横截面，从而使得其很好地适于“骑跨”在房顶上所使用的第一种类型的开槽板的肋上。
同样地，第二种呈直线形的凹形部分具有梯形的横截面，使得其很好地适于“骑跨”在第二种类型开槽板的肋上。
具有中央孔的四个板设置在相似的十字结构的底部，十字结构位于所述十字的四个臂之间的中间位置。
此外，四个“有角的”板以及十字形的凹形结构的两个正交的臂的上壁设有通孔，以允许固定螺栓抵着房顶的相应开槽板从上向下***。
根据上面对本发明的总体描述，明显可以看出本发明的支架能够正确地被固定到用于房顶上的三种类型板中的每一种上。
在非常平整的房顶的情况下，本发明的支架的安装为在四个有角的板上将支架啮合到房顶上并用螺杆固定，该螺杆从上到下通过设置在板上的孔***。
在适时地选择了与固定肋的特定横截面相一致的横截面之后，有利于通过凹形的梯形部分将板与开槽板的肋连接。
还可以说，备有本发明的支架的操作者将能够选择凹形的梯形部分，适时地通过简单地将整个支架旋转90度来很好地适应肋的特定横截面。
一旦获得了支架和开槽板的肋之间的类似“公母”连接，那么它们将被相互和最终通过螺栓固定，所述螺栓具有垂直轴，并在设置于两个梯形部分的上部水平壁的通孔中从上向下***。
为了保证本发明支架的较高的固定稳定性，同样的支架能够在两个梯形部分的侧向倾斜面设置额外的通孔(适于接纳相应的螺杆)。
当然，支架在凹形十字形结构的中央设置有长的通孔，螺栓的螺杆从下到上地完全***到该通孔中，并能够在垂直方向上突出。
附图说明
为了清楚的目的，将参考附图来继续本发明的描述，其仅仅为了说明的目的，并不具有限定的意义，其中：
图1为本发明的支架在具有平整表面房顶上的安装模式的轴侧视图；
图2和图3为本发明的支架在两种可替换的开槽板上的安装模式的轴侧视图，其中开槽板的唯一不同在于梯形肋的结构；
图4与上面的附图相同，除了其引用了一个本发明支架的可替换的实施例；
图5为表示图4中的支架的轴侧视图。
具体实施方式
参考图1、图2和图3，本发明的支架(1)基本呈方形，具有十字形的盒状主体，其形成于具有基本为梯形横截面的两个成直线形的凹形部分(2，3)的交叉点处。
实际上，第一部分(2)设有侧面(2a)，该侧面(2a)比第二部分(3)的侧面(3a)拉伸得更大。
第一和第二部分(2，3)的上部水平壁分别设有圆形通孔(2b，3b)，一个具有更大横截面的额外的圆形通孔(4)设置在第一和第二部分(2，3)的交叉点处。
通孔(4)被具有基本垂直的轴的螺杆(10)从下向上穿过，其实际被用于固定光伏板的支撑结构。
四个基本呈方形的“有角的”板(5)设置在所述十字形的盒状主体的底部，在所述主体的四个臂的中间位置，其每一个均设有中央通孔(5a)。
特别地，图1示出了在具有非常平整表面的房顶(S)上的本发明支架(1)的安装模式。
如前面所述，在这样一种情况下，支架(1)放置在房顶(S)上，然后通过螺杆从上向下***到作为支撑脚的有角的板(5)的通孔(5a)中，牢牢固定以便使支架与房顶(S)啮合。
图2和图3所示的为本发明的支架(1)与两个开槽板(P1，P2)连接，所述两个开槽板区别在于肋(C1，C2)的横截面不同。
本发明的支架(1)的相同样本适时地通过选择相应的成直线形的部分(2，3)，通过***必要的聚乙烯衬垫(6)，能够被准确地安装骑跨在肋(C1，C2)的每一个上。
一旦如上所述的安装被执行，通过使用具有垂直轴的螺杆在部分(2，3)的通孔(2a，3a)中从上向下地***，以便在板(P1，P2)的肋(C1，C2)的聚氨酯结构中穿过，而使连接稳定。
需要注意的是，在开槽板的情况下使用的衬垫(6)最好具有双重功能。
一方面，其阻止水在支架(1)的固定螺栓安装期间，通过位于肋(C1，C2)上的孔向板(P1，P2)的聚氨酯内部结构渗透。
另一方面，由于聚氨酯结构固有的弹性，衬垫(6)有助于在不具有非常一致的横截面的开槽板的肋上也能和支架(1)的梯形部分(2，3)具有理想的连接。
必然的是，根据用于房顶上的开槽板的两种最流行的类型，来提供梯形部分(2，3)的特定形状。
然而，市场提供的其他形式的开槽板，其肋的梯形横截面的特定结构是不同的。
在这些情况下，肋的形状将不会与本发明的支架(1)的梯形部分(2，3)的形状很好地一致。
在这种情况下，***衬垫(6)就会特别有助于减小开槽板的肋的横截面和支架(1)的梯形部分(2，3)之一的横截面之间的形态上的差别，从而消除两者之间任何可能的“间隙”。
在固定螺栓安装时，衬垫(6)在开槽板的肋(C1，C2)和支架(1)的梯形部分(2，3)之间被紧压，很明显地，这样的压力将根据肋的横截面和梯形部分的横截面之间的特定的形态上的差别而具有较高或较低的数值。
图4和图5示出了本发明的支架(11)替换形式，其优选由模制塑料材料制成。
第一特性在于梯形部分(2，3)的上壁在两侧的边缘分别具有突起的边缘(2c，3c)。
本发明的支架(11)的这个实施例的另一个特性在于，在两个梯形部分(2，3)的倾斜的侧面(2a，3a)上还设有用于***固定螺栓的通孔(2d，3d)。
另外，在垂直方向上突出的凹形附件设置在两个梯形部分(2，3)的交叉点处，其包括形如螺栓的多边形头部的下部(7)和基本上呈圆柱形的上部(8)，两者均被具有垂直轴的孔(9)穿过。
孔(9)被螺栓的螺杆(10)从下向上穿过，其头部准确地与所述附件的多边形下部(7)啮合，不能自由转动。
如此，所述螺杆的头部在支架(11)的下面没有产生阻碍，而螺杆(10)在垂直方向上突出并有利于被用来固定两个相邻的光伏板(F)。
参考图4，其中螺杆(10)被设置在两个相邻的光伏板(F)的边界之间，所述光伏板在本发明的支架(11)的相同样本上在相对侧被安装，并被准确地放置在突起的边缘(2c，3c)上。
在这种情况下，模制的板(12)沿着螺杆(10)被从上向下***，其定位在两个相邻的光伏板(F)的边缘，并通过固定螺帽(13)在这个位置上被牢固地固定。
必须要说的是，后面这种形式的本发明的支架(11)优选由模制的塑料材料制成，就如用于固定具有金属结构的光伏板(F)的板(12)一样。
当后面提到的光伏板(F)被安装到本发明的支架(11)的突起边缘(2c，3c)上时，它们被阻止与固定螺栓的金属头部直接抵触，所述固定螺栓从设置在梯形部分(2，3)的孔(2b，3b)从上向下***。
也就是说，当支架(11)用非导电材料制造时，例如塑料，由于突起边缘(2c，3c)的存在，使得在光伏板(F)和固定螺栓之间获得了电绝缘，其有助于阻止杂散电流的产生。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于光伏板的通用固定支架，其特征在于该支架设有一个基本呈十字形的盒状主体，形成于两个成直线形的凹形部分(2，3)的交叉点处，所述两个凹形部分都具有基本上呈梯型的横截面，侧面(2a，3a)具有不同的倾斜度。
2.如权利要求1所述的通用支架，其特征在于在所述十字形的盒状主体的四个臂之间的中间位置，底部设有四个板(5)。
3.如权利要求1所述的通用支架，其特征在于每个梯形部分(2，3)的上部水平壁设有一个或多个用于接纳固定螺栓的圆形通孔(2b，3b)。
3.如上述一项或多项权利要求所述的通用支架，其特征在于每个梯形部分(2，3)的倾斜的侧面(2a，3a)设有一个或多个用于接纳固定螺栓的圆形通孔(2d，3d)。
5.如上述一项或多项权利要求所述的通用支架，其特征在于在所述梯形部分(2，3)的上侧的侧向位置设有成对的突出的边缘(2c，3c)。
6.如上述一项或多项权利要求所述的通用支架，其特征在于在所述梯形部分(2，3)的交叉点设有一个圆形通孔(4)，其被从下向上***到所述通孔(4)的螺栓的螺杆(10)准确地穿过。
7.如权利要求1到5中一项或多项所述的通用支架，其特征在于该通用支架设有一个凹形的附件，该附件位于所述梯形部分(2，3)的交叉点处，并在垂直方向上突出，该附件由形如螺栓的多边形头部的下部(7)和基本上呈圆柱形的上部(8)构成，它们均设有轴向孔(9)，从下向上***到所述附件的螺栓的螺杆穿过该轴向孔，这样，多边形头部被准确地啮合在所述下部(7)中。
8.如上述一项或多项权利要求所述的通用支架，其特征在于该通用支架设有由聚乙烯或其他固有弹性材料制成的衬垫(6)，该衬垫能够很好地粘附在所述梯形部分(2，3)之一的内壁上。
9.如上述一项或多项权利要求所述的通用支架，其特征在于所述通用支架由模制的塑料材料制成。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMC2009U000002 | 2009-01-19 | ||
| IT000002U ITMC20090002U1 (it) | 2009-01-19 | 2009-01-19 | Staffa universale per il fissaggio di pannelli fotovoltaici. |
| PCT/EP2010/050485 WO2010081893A2 (en) | 2009-01-19 | 2010-01-15 | Universal fixing bracket for photovoltaic panels. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102282431A true CN102282431A (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
Family
ID=42340146
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010800048284A Pending CN102282431A (zh) | 2009-01-19 | 2010-01-15 | 用于光伏板的通用固定支架 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110271611A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2379955A2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2012515279A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN102282431A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2010205584A1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1007056A2 (zh) |
| IT (1) | ITMC20090002U1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2011134642A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2010081893A2 (zh) |
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2009
- 2009-01-19 IT IT000002U patent/ITMC20090002U1/it unknown
-
2010
- 2010-01-15 RU RU2011134642/06A patent/RU2011134642A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-15 CN CN2010800048284A patent/CN102282431A/zh active Pending
- 2010-01-15 BR BRPI1007056A patent/BRPI1007056A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-15 WO PCT/EP2010/050485 patent/WO2010081893A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-01-15 EP EP10700995A patent/EP2379955A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-01-15 AU AU2010205584A patent/AU2010205584A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-01-15 JP JP2011545751A patent/JP2012515279A/ja active Pending
- 2010-01-15 US US13/138,171 patent/US20110271611A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2010081893A2 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| US20110271611A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
| ITMC20090002U1 (it) | 2010-07-20 |
| WO2010081893A3 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
| EP2379955A2 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
| AU2010205584A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
| JP2012515279A (ja) | 2012-07-05 |
| BRPI1007056A2 (pt) | 2016-02-10 |
| RU2011134642A (ru) | 2013-02-27 |
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