A kind of three-phase SVC compensation arrangement that is used for the electric railway traction side
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrified railway power supply, power electronic technology and power quality controlling field, specifically relate to a kind of three-phase SVC compensation arrangement that is used for the electric railway traction side.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of electric railway, electric railway has become a problem that can not be ignored to the influence of electric power quality.On the one hand, because China's electric railway traction power supply system all adopts the single phase power supply mode, electric locomotive is a single-phase load, and no matter which kind of mode of connection traction transformer takes, and all will inject bigger negative-sequence current to electric power system; On the other hand, electric locomotive adopts electronic power convertor, can produce harmonic current and inject electric power system.In addition, because the load of traction substation fluctuates at any time with the quantity of train in the supply arm and the running status of each train, so the electric railway load also has random fluctuation.
Be accompanied by the development of passenger traffic high speed and shipping heavy haul railway, new variation in various degree also can appear in the problems referred to above:
(1) increase gradually of traction load capacity, this will directly cause the negative-sequence current in the injected system to increase, and then the imbalance of three-phase voltage problem of electric power system is increased the weight of.Especially in the many areas of China, the capacity of short circuit of electrified railway power supply system will lag behind the development of electric railway load for a long time.Therefore, electric railway negative phase-sequence problem will become from now on matter of utmost importance in China's electrified railway electric energy quality.
(2) the DC driven electric locomotive is replaced by the AC driving electric locomotive gradually.The reactive current and the low-order harmonic electric current that are produced by electric locomotive will greatly reduce, AC drive locomotive load side power factor is very high, therefore the power quality problem that causes of stable state and dynamic reactive also will significantly weaken, and the three-phase voltage fluctuation will be mainly caused by the meritorious impact of single-phase electricity iron load.
At the power quality problem of above-mentioned electric railway, various indemnifying measures have been taked both at home and abroad.Wherein, commonplace method is at Traction Station installing fixed capacity (Fixed Capacitor, FC) compensation equipment.The common feature of this kind equipment is in reactive power compensation harmonic current to be administered.But because this class device belongs to the fixed compensation mode, can not flexible, can't realize dynamic compensation, compensation arrangement will send idle when supply arm zero load or underloading to system, cause busbar voltage to raise, unfavorable to locomotive work, and reactive power compensation is not enough when heavy duty.
Development along with power electronic technology and flexible power transmission and distribution technology, Static Var Compensator (Static Var Compensator, SVC), STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator, STATCOM) and based on the large-capacity railway power governor of self-turn-off device (Railway Static Power Conditioner RPC) begins to be applied to the power quality controlling of electric railway.Because electric railway is the high-voltage large-capacity load, therefore quality of power supply device is also had the demand of high-voltage large-capacity.For based on controlling devices such as the STATCOM of self-turn-off device and RPC, need to improve the capacity of device by technology such as many level, multipleization, cascades, the device design is complicated, cost is high, it is big to control difficulty.Relative STATCOM and RPC, the easier requirement of implement device high-voltage large-capacity of Static Var Compensator SVC based on thyristor, and have advantages such as simple in structure, that control method is ripe, project cost is low, therefore in electrified railway electric energy quality is administered, obtained using widely.
The SVC that is used for the electric railway compensation at present has dual mode usually: a kind of is to install single-phase static reactive-load compensator SVC respectively additional at two supply arms that draw side, adopt single-phase thyristor-controlled reactor (Thyristor Controlled Reactor, TCR) add the single-phase SVC that fixing electric capacity FC constitutes and be directly installed on the traction side, claim direct hanging type SVC again; Another kind is system side SVC, and the three-phase SVC that adopts single-phase thyristor-controlled reactor TCR to add the FC formation is installed in traction and becomes former avris, if be contained in the power system transformer substation, then can realize the concentrated quality of power supply compensation in the electric power system.
Traction side SVC directly is installed on the supply arm, by regulating the reactive power that the thyristor trigger angle realizes that smooth adjustment TCR is produced, the variation reactive power sum that idle variation of load and TCR are produced is a constant, the capacitive reactive power of this constant lagging reactive power and FC offsets, finally make the power factor of electrical network remain on higher level, traction net voltage is remained in the scope of requirement.In addition,, make device have the comprehensive compensation effect that the support of supply arm voltage, power factor controlling and harmonic wave suppress, have advantages such as the electric pressure of access is low, simplicity of design by the harmonic wave that FC branch road filtering electric locomotive produces.But this kind compensation way is owing to the energy flux that can't realize between the supply arm, so can not realize negative sequence compensation.Grid side SVC is connected to three-phase system, it is basic identical with traction side SVC that its power factor controlling and harmonic wave suppress principle, also can further utilize Si Tanmizi (Steinmetz) principle to realize the compensating of uncompensated load played the effect of compensation electric railway negative-sequence current.But because more than the three-phase system electric pressure higher (110kV), SVC need become and could insert by boosting, floor space and project cost that this will increase SVC have also increased the complexity on SVC manufactures and designs.
Summary of the invention
Power quality problems such as negative phase-sequence, harmonic wave and low power factor at above-mentioned electric railway load, the present invention proposes a kind of three-phase SVC compensation arrangement that is used for the electric railway traction side, the delta connection mode that adopts this device inserts the low-pressure side of traction transformer, and each all adopts single-phase thyristor-controlled reactor TCR fixed capacity FC in parallel structure mutually this device.According to the compensation demand of electric railway load, each of device can adopt asymmetrical design mutually, can realize comprehensively that the support of supply arm voltage, power factor controlling, the harmonic wave to the electric railway load suppresses and the negative sequence compensation function; Not only can overcome the shortcoming that the single-phase SVC of traction side can not compensate negative-sequence current, also can omit the step-up transformer of grid side SVC, be a kind of three-phase SVC compensation arrangement that integrates traction side SVC and grid side SVC advantage.
The objective of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of three-phase SVC compensation arrangement that is used for the electric railway traction side, described device comprises Static Var Compensator SVC; Its improvements are that described Static Var Compensator SVC is used for the electric railway traction side, comprise the three-phase structure that adopts the delta connection mode to connect; Wherein every thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road and fixed capacity FC branch road that comprises parallel connection mutually;
The supply arm of described device usefulness comprises supply arm a, b; Described supply arm a and rail c form ac; Described supply arm b and rail c form bc; Described supply arm a and supply arm b form ab;
Describedly whenever be connected between ac, bc and the ab mutually respectively;
Described device inserts the low-pressure side of traction transformer.
A kind of optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: described Static Var Compensator SVC is connected with traction transformer; Described load electric locomotive is connected between supply arm a and the rail c.
Second optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: described thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road comprises the reactor and the antiparallel thyristor valve of series connection successively; Described fixed capacity FC branch road comprises the reactor and the capacitor of series connection successively.
The 3rd optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: described fixed capacity FC branch road comprises reactor, capacitor and the resistance of series connection successively.
The 4th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: the equivalence under power frequency of described fixed capacity FC branch road is capacitive reactance, and equivalence is a Low ESR under characteristic frequency; Described fixed capacity FC branch road strobes to the harmonic component of thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road and the generation of load electric locomotive.
The 5th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: during described thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road operate as normal, and the anti-parallel thyristor time interval internal trigger conducting from the voltage peak to the zero crossing during described thyristor bears forward voltage respectively.
The 6th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: the parameter to described fixed capacity FC branch road and thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road is carried out asymmetrical design.
The 7th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: described traction transformer comprises Ynd11, V/v and balancing transformer.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is:
(1) the three-phase SVC compensation arrangement that is used for the electric railway traction side provided by the invention, each all adopts single-phase thyristor-controlled reactor TCR fixed capacity FC in parallel structure mutually device, can comprehensively solve harmonic wave, negative phase-sequence and the low power factor problem of electric railway load;
(2) three-phase SVC compensation arrangement provided by the invention is connected to the low-pressure side of electric railway traction transformer, need not step-up transformer, can reduce the plant area area, reduces design complexities and cost;
(3) employing of the three-phase in the three-phase SVC compensation arrangement provided by the invention delta connection mode, and the parameter of each phase is carried out asymmetrical design, can reduce the whole volume of device to greatest extent;
(4) three-phase SVC compensation arrangement provided by the invention is suppressed at the traction side with harmonic wave, negative phase-sequence and the low power factor problem of electric railway load, not only reduce harmonic wave, the idle traction transformer loss that causes, also can reduce harmonic wave, negative phase-sequence and idlely in electric power system, propagate high voltage supply circuit and the supply transformer equal loss who is caused.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is according to the three-phase SVC compensation arrangement main circuit structure schematic diagram that is used for the electric railway traction side of the present invention, wherein: 1: electric locomotive; 2: traction transformer; 3: three phase static reactive-load compensator SVC; 4: thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR); 5: fixed capacity/filter (FC); Supply arm a; Supply arm b; Rail c;
Fig. 2 is the traction side three-phase SVC compensation arrangement winding diagram according to specific embodiment of the invention YNd11 Connection Traction Transformer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is according to the three-phase SVC compensation arrangement main circuit structure schematic diagram that is used for the electric railway traction side of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, traction side three-phase SVC compensation arrangement 3 provided by the invention, adopt the delta connection mode, every structure that all adopts thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road 4 fixed capacity FC branch roads 5 in parallel mutually, the supply arm of this device usefulness comprises supply arm a, b; Every being connected to respectively mutually between ac (supply arm a and rail c), bc (supply arm b and rail c) and the ab (supply arm a and supply arm b).
Wherein, thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road 4 is composed in series by reactor and anti-parallel thyristor valve, during thyristor-controlled reactor TCR operate as normal, the anti-parallel thyristor time interval internal trigger conducting from the voltage peak to the zero crossing during it bears forward voltage respectively.
Thyristor-controlled reactor TCR can only provide the dynamic reactive power of lagging power-factor, in order to adopt fixed capacity FC branch road 5 in parallel with thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road 4 with dynamic range expansion to the leading power factor zone.Fixed capacity FC branch road 5 is made up of two reactors and capacitors in series, two reactors are respectively on the both sides of capacitor, sometimes fixed capacity FC branch road 5 also adopts the mode of forming by reactor, capacitor and resistance series connection, fixed capacity FC branch road 5 equivalence under power frequency is capacitive reactance, and show Low ESR in characteristic frequency, can the harmonic component of thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road 4 and 1 generation of load electric locomotive be strobed.In the reality, the number of times of filtering is designed to many group fixed capacity FC branch roads 5 and thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road 4 structure in parallel as required.
The compensation principle of traction side three-phase SVC compensation arrangement is: by injecting offset current respectively to supply arm a and supply arm b
With
With the locomotive electric current on two supply arms
With
Stack respectively, the electric current after the stack is respectively
With
Make the electric current on two supply arms of stack back
With
Three-phase current behind
traction transformer 2 in the injected system
With
Three is symmetrical, and and system's three-phase voltage between angle as far as possible little, thereby guarantee that system side three-phase current symmetry and power factor meet the demands.Simultaneously, realize the harmonic compensation function, guarantee that system side harmonic wave index meets the demands by fixed capacity
FC branch road 5.
Traction side three-phase SVC compensation arrangement all is suitable for the traction transformer 2 of available for different connection modes, and traction transformer 2 can be any in YNd11, V/v or the balancing transformer.
Key issue during Static Var Compensator SVC design is exactly determining of compensation capacity, according to " the general transformation relation of traction substation port electric parameters " the theoretical comprehensive compensation equation (list of references: Lie group Zhan that reaches as the formula (1), " traction substation power supply analysis and comprehensive compensation technique ", Beijing: China Railway Press, 2006.1), can obtain each mutually required compensation capacity of three phase static reactive-load compensator SVC compensation arrangement, and then, the parameter of fixed capacity FC branch road 5 and thyristor-controlled reactor TCR branch road 4 is designed again according to required compensation capacity and harmonic compensation demand.
Wherein,
det(T)=sin2(Ψ
T-Ψ
L)+sin2(Ψ
L-Ψ
K)+sin2(Ψ
K-Ψ
T);
In the formula:
S
K, S
L, S
T---each phase compensation capacity of SVC compensation arrangement, K, L, T represent the circuit end slogan that each phase of SVC is connect respectively;
S
y---the traction load capacity of port y;
M---load quantity, two-phase or two arm traction loads are confessed in the wiring of traction transformer more, but consider commutation, general m=3;
K
C---reactive power compensation degree, K
CThe idle quilt that is sent of representing to load in=1 o'clock compensates entirely;
K
N---negative sequence compensation degree, K
CThe negative phase-sequence of being sent of representing to load in=1 o'clock is compensated entirely;
Ψ
K, Ψ
L, Ψ
T, Ψ
y---the voltage phasor of port K, L, T, y lags behind phase angular lag with reference to phasor for just, generally gets the former limit of traction transformer A phase positive sequence voltage, and its value is relevant with the mode of connection of traction transformer.
(wherein, " Y " expression high-pressure side is star-star connection with YNd11 below; " N " represents neutral point; " d " expression low-pressure side is a delta connection; The line voltage of " 11 " indication transformer low-pressure side
Hysteresis high pressure side line voltage
(or leading 30 °)) Connection Traction Transformer, typical traction load be example, the execution mode of traction side three-phase SVC compensation arrangement described.Fig. 2 is the traction side three-phase SVC compensation arrangement winding diagram according to specific embodiment of the invention YNd11 Connection Traction Transformer.
Make the pairing port of SVC compensation arrangement three-phase be respectively K=4, L=5, T=6; The load corresponding port is counted m=3; And arrangement S
1And S
4Same port, Ψ
1=Ψ
4=ξ, S
2And S
5Same port, Ψ
2=Ψ
5=120 °+ξ, lag behind Ψ
1S
3And S
6Same port, Ψ
3=Ψ
6=-120 °+ξ, be ahead of Ψ
1Order traction port is port one and 2, and corresponding electric locomotive load capacity is respectively S
L1And S
L2, power-factor angle is respectively
With
Port 3 loads are 0, i.e. S
3=0, the traction side three-phase SVC comprehensive compensation model that (1) formula of bringing into can obtain the V/v wiring transformer is:
In the formula:
S
La, S
Lb---supply arm a and supply arm b with the capacity of traction load;
---supply arm a and supply arm b with the power-factor angle of traction load.
When the SVC compensation arrangement carries out full remuneration to idle and negative phase-sequence, K
C=1, K
N=1, its comprehensive compensation capacity model is:
The typical traction load power factor of selecting is 0.9, i.e. the load power factor angle
Supply arm a and b two arm load currents are as shown in table 1 under the typical operation modes.The most serious situation of two arm imbalances is a mode one, and heavy feeder line is got lowest high-current value, and light feeder current is 0.Get two supply arm voltages and be 25kV, i.e. Uab=Ubc=25kV, thus it is as shown in table 2 to calculate two arm traction load capacity according to table 1.When device to negative phase-sequence and idle when carrying out full remuneration, the compensation capacity that can calculate the every phase of traction side three-phase SVC under the various operational modes according to formula (3) is as shown in table 3, wherein capacity is for just representing capacitive compensation, capacity is that the negative indication perception compensates.
Supply arm electric current under table 1 typical operation modes
Supply arm traction load capacity under table 2 typical operation modes
Traction side three-phase SVC compensation capacity calculates under table 3 typical operation modes
Each mutually required maximum inductive compensation capacity and maximum capacitive compensation capacity of SVC according to table 3 calculates can obtain the required capacity of each branch road of SVC.Consider filter function, suppose that but filtering is housed 3 times, the FC filter branch of 5 subharmonic, the total capacity of the FC branch road of port 4 is designed to 19.7MVar, each time filter branch capacity is 9.85MVar, and TCR branch road capacity is 19.7MVar+1.18MVar=20.88MVar.In like manner, the capacity that can obtain the FC branch road of port 5 is that 36.2MVar, each time filter branch capacity are 18.1MVar, and TCR branch road capacity also is 36.2MVar; The capacity of the FC branch road of port 6 is that 2MVar, TCR branch road capacity are 2MVar+21.75MVar=23.75MVar.The asymmetry parameter design is adopted in the foregoing description explanation, traction side three-phase SVC compensation arrangement proposed by the invention, can reduce installed capacity to greatest extent, reduces unnecessary waste of capacity.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to explanation the application's technical scheme but not to the restriction of its protection range; although the application is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description; those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: those skilled in the art still can carry out all changes, revise or be equal to replacement to the embodiment of application after reading the application; these changes, revise or be equal to replacement, it is all within the claim scope that its application is awaited the reply.