CN102280703A - Zero-refractive index flat plate lens antenna based on electric resonance structure - Google Patents
Zero-refractive index flat plate lens antenna based on electric resonance structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102280703A CN102280703A CN2011101237364A CN201110123736A CN102280703A CN 102280703 A CN102280703 A CN 102280703A CN 2011101237364 A CN2011101237364 A CN 2011101237364A CN 201110123736 A CN201110123736 A CN 201110123736A CN 102280703 A CN102280703 A CN 102280703A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a zero-refractive index flat plate lens antenna based on an electric resonance structure, and the antenna comprises a plurality of rectangular dielectric substrates which are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the plane at which the dielectric substrates are located is parallel to the incident direction of electromagnetic waves, a filling material with the electromagnetic parameters which are similar to those of air is arranged between every two adjacent dielectric substrates, rectangular structure units which are uniformly arranged along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction are arranged on one surface of each dielectric substrate, a whole copper-coated wire which is arranged back and forth is arranged on each structure unit, and each copper-coated wire comprises a plurality of transverse straight line sections and connecting sections for connecting every two adjacent straight line sections. The flat plate lens antenna is three-dimensional anisotropic and can meet the wave impedance matching between a lens and air in the incident direction, thereby reducing reflection; when the lens is placed on the mouth surface of the antenna to be measured, the orientation of an E-plane pattern of the antenna to be measured can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of zero refractive index flat-plate lens antenna based on the electric resonance structure.
Background technology
Novel artificial electromagnetic material (Metamaterials or the super material of title) is that the artificial material that is constituted is arranged on the sub-wavelength macroscopic view elementary cell periodicity or the aperiodicity ground that will have geometry in particular.In simple terms, use orderly artificial unit " particle " to replace the elementary particles such as molecule/atom of nature material exactly, form a kind of equivalent material.Theory analysis and experimental result show that when the physical dimension of elementary cell was in sub-wavelength yardstick (1/10 wavelength), the novel artificial electromagnetic material presented the medium characteristic of macroscopic view.Compare with the traditional sense material, the medium characteristic of novel artificial electromagnetic material depends on the spatial distribution of its basic cell structure and unit.
The characteristics of novel artificial electromagnetic material maximum are to change macroscopical electromagnetic attributes of artificial material by the shape of controlling artificial elementary cell, the formation of unit material.As everyone knows, the electromagnetic attributes of all material can be described with DIELECTRIC CONSTANT and magnetic permeability μ.But the value of occurring in nature DIELECTRIC CONSTANT and magnetic permeability μ is limited, promptly we can not arbitrary control DIELECTRIC CONSTANT and magnetic permeability μ change material behavior.And in this novel artificial electromagnetic material, its equivalent ε and μ of may command then, make its can for just, can be for negative even be zero; Also may command its form certain variation (for example gradual change, sudden change etc.) as required.In addition, we can also pass through control structure unit itself, make material be anisotropy.
2002, S. people such as Enoch has proposed if when two-dimentional line source placed two dimension zero refraction materials, can improve its directionality height, and narrow (the Enoch S. of radiation lobe, et al. A metamaterial for directive emission [J]. Physical Review Letters, 2002,89:213902.).But because isotropic zero refraction materials can't mate with air layer, this just causes radiation efficiency lower.2009, people such as Ma have proposed utilization anisotropy zero refraction materials theoretically and have improved electromagnetic directionality and efficient (Ma YG, Wang P, Chen X, et al. Near-field plane-wave-like beam emitting antenna fabricated by anisotropic metamaterial[J], Applied Physics Letters, 2009,94 (4): 044107.), thereby efficiently solve zero refraction materials and the unmatched problem of air layer.2010, human experimental verifications such as Cheng Qiang people's such as Ma theory (Cheng Q, Jiang WX, Cui TJ, Radiation of planar electromagnetic waves by a line source in anisotropic MTMs[J], Journal Of Physics D-Applied Physics, 2010,43 (33): 335406.), but be confined to two-dimensional case, electromagnetic radiation source must place in the middle of the material, can not be directly used in the directionality that improves traditional antenna.The present invention uses the electric resonance structure to realize that anisotropic zero refraction materials makes the three-dimensional flat plate lens, can directly be placed on the bore of traditional antenna, and as horn antenna, microstrip antenna etc. improve the directionality of their E face far-field patterns.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem:The invention provides a kind of three-dimensional anisotropy, can be in the wave impedance coupling that satisfies on the incident direction between lens and the air, thereby reduce reflection, dielectric constant is zero on direction of wave travel, can improve the direction-sense zero refractive index flat-plate lens antenna based on the electric resonance structure of antenna E face to be measured.
Technical scheme:Zero refractive index flat-plate lens antenna based on the electric resonance structure, comprise a plurality of parallel equidistant arranged rectangular shape medium substrates, the plane at described medium substrate place is parallel with the electromagnetic wave incident direction, be provided with electromagnetic parameter and the approaching filler of air between two adjacent medium substrates, the one side of described medium substrate is provided with along horizontal and vertical evenly distributed square structure unit, each described construction unit be provided with whole be provided with back and forth cover copper cash, the described copper cash that covers comprises several horizontal straightways and the linkage section that is connected two adjacent straightways.
Among the present invention, the thickness of described medium substrate is sub_h, and the length of side of described cellular construction is a, and the span of a is λ/10-λ/6, and λ is the wavelength of corresponding frequency, and the spacing of two adjacent medium substrates is 0.8 * (a-sub_h) to 1.2 * (a-sub_h).
Beneficial effect:The three-dimensional anisotropy of flat-plate lens antenna of the present invention can be mated in the wave impedance that satisfies on the incident direction between lens and the air, thereby be reduced reflection; When on the antenna actinal surface, covering flat-plate lens antenna of the present invention, make lens antenna realize that on direction of wave travel dielectric constant levels off to 0, all the other components of electromagnetic parameter approach 1, and the directionality of the far-field pattern of antenna E face can be improved largely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a floor map of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the part plan schematic diagram of monolithic medium substrate, and wherein z is a direction of wave travel.
Fig. 3 is the cellular construction floor map, and a is the length of side of cellular construction, and w is the line thickness that covers copper cash, and b is for covering the copper cash length of straigh line, and g is the spacing of two adjacent straightways, and n is the broken number that covers copper cash, and z is a direction of wave travel.
Electric wall and magnetic wall during Fig. 4 applies copper cash for the present invention extracts the z durection component of dielectric constant are provided with figure, are the open boundary condition perpendicular to the paper direction, and wherein z is a direction of wave travel.
Fig. 5 is the z durection component parameter extraction of dielectric constant of the present invention figure as a result, and wherein abscissa is a frequency, and ordinate is a dielectric constant, and solid line is represented real part, and dotted line is represented imaginary part.
Fig. 6 is the x durection component parameter extraction of dielectric constant of the present invention figure as a result, and wherein abscissa is a frequency, and ordinate is a dielectric constant, and solid line is represented real part, and dotted line is represented imaginary part.
Fig. 7 is the y durection component parameter extraction of magnetic permeability of the present invention figure as a result, and wherein abscissa is a frequency, and ordinate is a magnetic permeability, and solid line is represented real part, and dotted line is represented imaginary part.
Fig. 8 is that wave impedance parameter of the present invention extracts figure as a result, and wherein abscissa is a frequency, and ordinate is a wave impedance, and solid line is represented real part, and dotted line is represented imaginary part.
Fig. 9 is a horn antenna E face far-field pattern, and wherein solid line is the directional diagram of empty loudspeaker, and dotted line is the directional diagram that adds behind the lens antenna of the present invention.
Have among the figure: medium substrate 1, filler 2, straightway 3, linkage section 4, construction unit 5.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Zero refractive index flat-plate lens antenna based on the electric resonance structure, comprise a plurality of parallel equidistant arranged rectangular shape medium substrates 1, the plane at described medium substrate 1 place is parallel with the electromagnetic wave incident direction, be provided with the approaching filler 2 of electromagnetic parameter and air between two adjacent medium substrates, the one side of described medium substrate 1 is provided with along horizontal and vertical evenly distributed square structure unit 5, each described construction unit 5 be provided with whole be provided with back and forth cover copper cash, the described copper cash that covers comprises several horizontal straightways 3 and the linkage section 4 that is connected two adjacent straightways.The thickness of medium substrate is sub_h, and the length of side of described cellular construction is a, and the span of a is λ/10-λ/6, and λ is the wavelength of corresponding frequency, and the spacing of two adjacent medium substrates is 0.8 * (a-sub_h) to 1.2 * (a-sub_h).
Among the present invention, the copper that covers of medium substrate one side etches away fully, another side covers copper with part and etches away, and makes the remaining copper formation of covering cover copper cash, in each cellular construction, cover copper cash as shown in Figure 3, wherein: the length of side of cellular construction is a, and the line thickness that covers copper cash is w, and covering the copper cash length of straigh line is b, the spacing of two adjacent straightways is g, and the bar number that covers the horizontal straightway of copper cash is n.Suppose that the electromagnetic wave propagation direction is the z direction, then the electric resonance cellular construction is arranged equably along y direction and z direction, wherein the cellular construction number of z direction is no less than 2, and the unit number of y direction determines that according to the bore of antenna to be measured its length needs the size greater than antenna actinal surface relevant position.Each medium substrate is equidistantly arranged along the x direction, and the size of supposing cellular construction is a, and the thickness of medium substrate is sub_h, and then the span of two adjacent medium substrate spacings is 0.8 * (a-sub_h) to 1.2 * (a-sub_h).Medium substrate is usually with FR4 or F4B, and FR4 is the FR-4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board, and F4B is a kind of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) high-frequency microwave circuit board material, and the dielectric material with other also is fine certainly.The thickness of medium substrate has certain requirement to technology, but as long as determine the material and the thickness of medium substrate, can meet the demands by the parameter of regulon structure substantially.For the mounting medium substrate, the gap between the two adjacent medium substrates need be filled with material like electromagnetic parameter and the proximal air.
The making of lens antenna of the present invention and determining unit structure are as follows with the concrete grammar that covers the copper cash dimensional parameters:
The first step, according to given frequency, the resonance that makes the electric resonance structure is around given frequency, and its S parameter of available business software CST simulated extraction is observed.In experimental verification, our setpoint frequency is 9.4GHz, must guarantee to cover the copper cash straightway perpendicular to direction of wave travel.In emulation, the setting of cellular construction boundary condition as shown in Figure 2, promptly direction of an electric field is perpendicular to straightway, magnetic direction is parallel to straightway, what extracted this moment is the dielectric constant of z direction and the magnetic permeability of y direction.By each parameter of regulon structure, the resonance frequency of S parameter is transferred near the given frequency.
In second step, whether other components of observing dielectric constant and magnetic permeability approach 1.If the value of other components is too big or too little, all can cause the impedance between air layer and the lens not match, thereby make reflection excessive, influence lens efficiency.For transverse electric field mode (TE mould), mainly consider ε
z, ε
x, μ
yThree components; For transverse magnetic pattern (TM mould), mainly consider μ
z, μ
x, ε
yThree components.That our embodiment realizes is ε
zBe zero, mainly act on the TE mould, so emphasis is considered ε
z, ε
x, μ
yThree components and wave impedance.
In the 3rd step, for covering copper cash, the parameter that influences performance of the present invention mainly comprises: construction unit length of side a, cover the length b of copper cash straightway, and cover the line thickness w of copper cash, the spacing g of two adjacent straightways covers the broken number n of copper cash.The span of a be λ/10-λ/6(wherein λ represent the wavelength of corresponding frequency), the span of b is consistent with a, but is less than a, w and g minimum are the 0.1mm(process technology limit), the value of n must guarantee that the whole copper cash that covers is no more than construction unit.By regulating these parameters, realize that at the f=9.4GHz place z durection component of dielectric constant is 0, all the other components of electromagnetic parameter approach 1 substantially.In the embodiments of the invention, cellular construction and deposited copper cash parameter are: a=3.9, and g=0.25, w=0.23, b=3.63, n=8, the thickness that covers copper is 0.018mm, and the thickness sub_h of medium substrate is 0.2, and dielectric constant is 2.65.The extraction of three components of its electromagnetic parameter such as Fig. 3-shown in Figure 6, when f=9.4GHz, ε
z≈ 0, ε
x=1.039, μ
y=1.002, wave impedance is 0.98, meets the demands.
In the 4th step, manufacture sample.Fig. 2 is the partial schematic diagram in the monolithic dielectric-slab yz plane, we equidistantly arrange these dielectric-slabs along the x direction, the span of spacing is 0.8 * (a-sub_h) to 1.2 * (a-sub_h), and we are taken as a-sub_h among the embodiment, and Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in the sample xy plane.
The 5th step, experiment test.Here test with the standard horn of X-band, the utilization sample improves the directionality of its E face far-field pattern, and the H face is not had influence substantially.Fig. 9 is the comparison diagram at bell-mouthed E face directional diagram.Wherein solid line is represented the test result figure of empty loudspeaker, and dotted line represents to add the later test result of lens.As we can see from the figure, added after the lens, the beamwidth of loudspeaker has dropped to 9.1 by 16.3, has reduced by 44%, has significantly improved its directionality.
Claims (2)
1. zero refractive index flat-plate lens antenna based on the electric resonance structure, it is characterized in that, this lens antenna comprises a plurality of parallel equidistant arranged rectangular shape medium substrates (1), the plane at described medium substrate (1) place is parallel with the electromagnetic wave incident direction, be provided with the approaching filler (2) of electromagnetic parameter and air between two adjacent medium substrates, the one side of described medium substrate (1) is provided with along horizontal and vertical evenly distributed square structure unit (5), each described construction unit (5) be provided with whole be provided with back and forth cover copper cash, the described copper cash that covers comprises several horizontal straightways (3) and the linkage section that is connected two adjacent straightways (4).
2. according to the described zero refractive index flat-plate lens antenna of claim 1 based on the electric resonance structure, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described medium substrate is sub_h, the length of side of described cellular construction is a, the span of a is λ/10-λ/6, λ is the wavelength of corresponding frequency, and the spacing of two adjacent medium substrates is 0.8 * (a-sub_h) to 1.2 * (a-sub_h).
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102593605A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 四川大学 | Zero-refractive-index lens and microwave power synthesizing system being formed by same |
| CN103165986A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | Super-medium wave-absorbing material and preparation method |
| CN103296441A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-11 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Novel metamaterial and manufacturing process thereof |
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| US20100156573A1 (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-06-24 | Duke University | Metamaterials for surfaces and waveguides |
| CN101764286A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-06-30 | 东南大学 | Rectangular microstrip patch antenna |
| CN202050050U (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-11-23 | 东南大学 | Flat lens antenna based on electric resonant structure |
-
2011
- 2011-05-13 CN CN2011101237364A patent/CN102280703A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100156573A1 (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-06-24 | Duke University | Metamaterials for surfaces and waveguides |
| CN101764286A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-06-30 | 东南大学 | Rectangular microstrip patch antenna |
| CN202050050U (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-11-23 | 东南大学 | Flat lens antenna based on electric resonant structure |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103296441A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-11 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Novel metamaterial and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN103296441B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2021-10-19 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Novel metamaterial and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN102593605A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 四川大学 | Zero-refractive-index lens and microwave power synthesizing system being formed by same |
| CN102593605B (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2014-07-30 | 四川大学 | Zero-refractive-index lens and microwave power synthesizing system being formed by same |
| CN103165986A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | Super-medium wave-absorbing material and preparation method |
| CN103165986B (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2016-07-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of super-medium wave-absorbing material and preparation method |
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Application publication date: 20111214 |