CN102278393A - Buffer spring type connector and electronic control transmission system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a buffer spring type connector and an electronic control transmission system thereof. The buffer spring type connector comprises a long inner shaft, wherein a short outer shaft is supported by the inner shaft through a bearing, the inner shaft and the outer shaft are respectively provided with a gear, i.e. an inner shaft gear and an outer shaft gear, wherein one key gear is supported on a rotating shaft through a bearing, the rotating shaft cannot transfer torque with the key gear directly, a helical buffer spring is additionally arranged between the rotating shaft and the key gear, and the torque is transmitted through the buffer spring so that the combination process of transmitting the torque and generating acceleration between the inner shaft and the outer shaft is slow. The electronic control transmission system can be designed based on the buffer spring type connector.

Description

Damping spring formula colligator and electronic control speed variator system thereof

Technical field: the present invention is a kind of automatic catch speed changer and electronic control system based on gear Selective Control device, belongs to transmission system and electronic technology electric equipment control system field.

Background technique: in the mechanically movings such as automobile, engineering machinery (being designated hereinafter simply as automobile), automatic catch is used fluid torque converter more, it is a big drawback that its efficient is lower than manual retaining, in addition, the clutch that speed changer is used, present have friction plate clutch, magnetic clutch and a fluid coupling, and overrunning clutch has roller type, spring, friction disk type; " the controlled colligator of interior axle-outer shaft " structure among the present invention is simple with all relative present clutch of control, and this goes out " the controlled colligator formula of interior axle-outer shaft electronic control speed variator system " for basic design.

The interior controlled colligator of axle-outer shaft is actually novel clutch, comprise " spring soft junction type clutch " and " alligator scleroma type clutch ", for the ease of distinguishing with conventional clutch, below " the controlled colligator of interior axle-outer shaft " abbreviated as " colligator ", " spring soft junction type clutch " abbreviated as " the soft device that closes ", " alligator scleroma type clutch " abbreviated as " closing device firmly ".

Some explanation:

◆ in the accompanying drawing number, the several very closely figure of association are placed in the same chief editor number, as: Fig. 1 .1～Fig. 1 .4, represent that these a few width of cloth figure relations are very tight, a lot of identical or relevant contents are arranged, all be placed among chief editor Fig. 1.

◆ the same label that occurs among a plurality of figure, only explanation when occurring for the first time; With the label of Arabic numerals beginnings, its Arabic numerals represent having the place figure number that occurs for the first time as " 1A " in a lot of figure, and to occur for the first time be in Fig. 1 .*; Only explanation in Fig. 1 .* explains;

◆ car body, hull, ground, fuselage are referred to as carrier, and various pedestals all are fixed in carrier.

◆ the end cap on spring drum both sides is a front end towards the one side of opposite engaging gear;

◆ Spring Steel Wire is the steel wire of broad sense, comprises the material of making helical spring all shapes, as: steel bar, steel band etc.;

◆ along dragging and the notion on contrary top: a solid of rotation is being fixed at the two ends of damping spring separately, the coaxial and separate rotation of these two solid of rotation, and when the rotation relationship of these two solid of rotation is to make damping spring when the steel wire direction is subjected to drag force, the definition rotating shaft is for along dragging; When the rotation relationship of these two solid of rotation is to make damping spring when the steel wire direction is squeezed power, the definition rotating shaft be contrary the top; In Fig. 1 .2, when the clockwise rotating speed of interior axle 1A is higher than the clockwise rotating speed of spring drum 1F, or interior axle is when rotating speed is lower than the counterclockwise rotating speed of spring drum counterclockwise, and damping spring 1g is subjected to drag force, for along dragging.

Inventive principle is described:

A kind of damping spring formula colligator and electronic control speed variator system thereof

Interior axle-outer shaft colligator formula electronic control speed variator system, it is characterized in that: interior axle-outer shaft colligator (hereinafter to be referred as colligator) comprises a long interior axle, the outer outer shaft of interior axle by a weak point of bearing supporting, on interior axle and the outer shaft gear is arranged respectively, shaftgear and outer shaftgear in being called, these two gears match each other, three matching relationships are arranged, first is the engagement coupling, these of two gears are external tooths, one is internal tooth, sets one arbitrarily and is external tooth, and one of pairing is internal tooth just, after making these two gear engagement by axial driving, internal tooth just can entangle external tooth, is actually to have formed the spline connection, so this is to being called the key gear again below the gear; Second is to move axially coupling, wherein have a key direct geared to be installed in or by overrunning clutch be installed in can axially movable axle sleeve on, this axle sleeve adopts key to be connected with rotating shaft, rotate with rotating shaft, but can move axially, so this key gear can move axially under axial moving device drives, be referred to as moving gear, another key gear is at axial restraint, be referred to as quiet gear, before moving gear and the quiet gear engagement, interior axle and the not mutual transmitting torque of outer shaft, after the engagement, interior axle passes through the torque of key gear transmission with outer shaft; The 3rd is the buffering coupling, it is to be supported on the place axle by bearing that a key gear is arranged, this rotating shaft and this key gear be transmitting torque directly, between this rotating shaft and this key gear, install helical spring additional, just this helical spring transmitting torque can have been passed through, the transmittance process of this torque is to produce buffering as can be known, so this helical spring is called damping spring, this key gear is called gear of the spring, another key gear that is engaged with and place axle on rotation relationship for being rigidly connected, because it has also participated in soft combination, so be called the soft gear that closes, briefly, one is gear of the spring, and one is rigid gear; Interior shaftgear and outer shaftgear can be selected the coupling of various combination, such as interior shaftgear is chosen as external tooth type+moving gear+gear of the spring, and so outer shaftgear just matches and is internal gear type+quiet gear+rigid gear;

The damping spring of gear of the spring has the axial screw formula, radially spiral and multilayer multi-turn formula, the mounting structure of damping spring also has different selections, in theory, just can make to rotate and reverse with a damping spring and can produce cushioning effect, but in fact, for a steel wire, if draw from two ends, it can bear very big pulling force, and push from two ends, its easy deformation even twist off be can't stand great power, for fear of making the Spring Steel Wire power that is squeezed, need to adopt the overrunning clutch protection, the requirement of its installation direction is that the assurance steel wire only can be subjected to can not being subjected to the extruding force on contrary top along the pulling force that drags, and a damping spring and an overrunning clutch that makes damping spring can suitable drag and avoid against the top constitute one pair " unidirectional damping spring "; Gear of the spring can produce buffering in engagement process, the impact force between internal tooth and the external tooth is weakened, and transmitting torque and produce the cohesive process that quickens and become gently between axle and the outer shaft in making, so claim that this damping device is " the soft device that closes "; A unidirectional soft device that closes can be constituted with one pair " unidirectional damping spring ", a two-way soft device that closes can be constituted with two pairs of opposite unidirectional damping springs of rotation direction; The soft gear of the spring that closes device is directly fixed on the axle sleeve, has then developed into and closed device firmly.

Drive moving gear by electronic controlled axial drive means, make it with quiet gear engagement with separate, the combination that has just realized interior axle and outer shaft with separate; The colligator that requires according to function comprises that the soft device, bidirectional buffering of closing of unidirectional buffering softly closes device, controlled unidirectional colligator, closes device and soft or hard colligator firmly; Axial drive means ZXQD comprises motor drive unit and fluid pressure drive device, and motor drive unit is made up of motor, control circuit and driving mechanism, and fluid pressure drive device is made up of fluid clutch, solenoid valve, control circuit and driving mechanism;

On the basis of colligator, can design automatically controlled speed variator system, speed changer for N gear, the N group change gear of driving shaft and driven shaft forms N no-load voltage ratio, all there are a change gear and colligator to link on every group of change gear, when needs are hung K shelves (K=1 ... N) time, just the colligator of K shelves is set to bonding state, and the colligator of other grade is set to separate; All colligators are set to separate during neutral;

Embodiment and description of drawings combine and are described.

Embodiment 1: unidirectional buffering type colligator from the function branch, has unidirectional buffering to add unidirectional hard mould assembly, unidirectional buffering adds unidirectional idle running type; From overrunning clutch mounting type branch, inner ring formula overrunning clutch structure (overrunning clutch is installed on interior axle or the internal axle sleeve), outer ring type overrunning clutch structure (overrunning clutch is installed in the spring drum inboard) are arranged; Mounting type branch from the buffering spring has spring drum formula structure (damping spring is installed on the spring drum, and gear of the spring is fixed in spring drum), direct-connected structure (damping spring directly is connected with gear of the spring); Can be combined into multiple colligator with upper type, but change ten thousand times without leaving the original aim or stand: one pair of unidirectional damping spring is installed between rotating shaft and gear of the spring, and unidirectional damping spring makes the transmission of torque when the key gear is suitable to drag engagement produce buffering; The structure of unidirectional damping spring has two kinds: the unidirectional damping spring of open type between 1. overrunning clutch and buffering spring constitute, damping spring is installed between axle sleeve and gear of the spring or the spring drum, overrunning clutch is supported on spring drum or gear of the spring on the axle sleeve 1i and at axial restraint, damping spring is spaced apart with overrunning clutch and separates, be called for short " open type ", constitute unidirectional buffering and add unidirectional hard mould assembly colligator; If damping spring is removed, then developed into the automatically controlled overrunning clutch of anti-back skating; 2. overrunning clutch and damping spring constitute the unidirectional damping spring of jointing type, and the unidirectional damping spring of this jointing type is installed between axle sleeve and gear of the spring or the spring drum, constitutes unidirectional buffering and adds unidirectional idle running type colligator; If one pair of unidirectional damping spring of jointing type that rotation direction is opposite is installed again, then developed into the bidirectional buffering colligator, be called for short " jointing type ";

The damping spring of gear of the spring has axial screw formula, radially spiral and multilayer multi-turn formula;

The unidirectional buffering of Fig. 2 .1-spring drum formula adds unidirectional hard mould assembly colligator schematic diagram.

The unidirectional buffering of Fig. 2 .2-spring drum formula adds unidirectional idle running type colligator schematic diagram.

The unidirectional buffering of Fig. 2 .3-(spring drum) outer ring unidirectional clutch type adds unidirectional idle running type colligator schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 .4-Fig. 2 .1 cuts the sectional view of seeing towards the right side open at damping spring 1g place;

Fig. 2 .5-Fig. 2 .3 cuts the sectional view of seeing towards the right side open at damping spring 2G place;

The direct-connected unidirectional buffering of Fig. 2 .6-adds unidirectional idle running type colligator schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 .7-Fig. 2 .1 cuts the sectional view of seeing towards the right side open at gear of the spring 2n place;

Fig. 2 .8-Fig. 2 .1 cuts the sectional view of seeing towards the right side open at the soft quiet gear 2N place of closing;

Fig. 2 .9-multilayer multi-turn formula damping spring.Th1-is from interior several first layer springs; Th2-second layer spring; The 3rd layer of spring of Th3-; Each layer all has a lot of circles; The connecting part of Tha-spring and internal axle sleeve or overrunning clutch; The connecting part of Thb and Thc-first layer spring and second layer spring; The connecting part of Thd and The-second layer spring and the 3rd layer of spring; The connecting part of Thf-spring and spring drum.Multilayer multi-turn formula damping spring can make the buffer time lengthening, and definite principle of elasticity coefficient is: the amount of deformation of damping spring just reaches maximum in the time of at full capacity; Can also adopt different elasticity coefficient, innermost layer elasticity coefficient minimum, the impact force when helping reducing to mesh, outermost surface elasticity coefficient maximum helps the buffer time of extending.

Embodiment 1.1: the unidirectional buffering of spring drum formula adds unidirectional hard mould assembly colligator.Fig. 2 .1.

This embodiment comprises 3 major parts: single rotation direction buffer (being axle side mechanism in the colligator), colligator outer shaft side mechanism (outer shaft, soft quiet gear and the change gear of closing), axial moving device.Structure and working principle are as rotation direction buffer structure and the working principle of placing an order:

Bigger cylinder of inner diameter cross front and rear cover and Bearing Installation on this axle sleeve and with the axle sleeve axial restraint, this cylinder also just can move axially with axle sleeve; Unidirectional damping spring is installed between this cylinder and rotating shaft, and rotating shaft drags this cylinder again after dragging spring, so claim this cylinder to be " spring drum ", the key gear fixing with spring drum is equivalent to install additional damping spring, is called gear of the spring; This list rotation direction buffer comprises damping spring 1g, spring drum 1F, front cover 1j, rear end cover 1e, external tooth type gear of the spring 2n, internal axle sleeve 1i, overrunning clutch 2J and bearing 1E; This embodiment be between open type; Overrunning clutch 2J is supported on spring drum front cover 1j on the axle sleeve 1i and at axial restraint, external tooth type spring moving gear 2n is fixed on the spring drum front cover 1j, the two ends of damping spring 1g are individually fixed in internal axle sleeve 1i and spring drum 1F, be set at: (sense of rotation is when pulling Spring Steel Wire 1g when interior suitable dragging, in Fig. 2 .4, interior axle is the direction of towing Spring Steel Wire 1g when turning clockwise), overrunning clutch 2J is in " branch " state, be equivalent to bearing, Spring Steel Wire will be wrapped on the axle sleeve 1i, and towing spring drum 1F is along with interior axle rotation, but spring drum 1F in the process of quickening (because the effect of damping spring is arranged) has obtained buffering; When the contrary top of interior axle (when sense of rotation is extrusion spring steel wire 1g), overrunning clutch 2J is in " closing " state, internal axle sleeve is given spring drum front cover 1j by overrunning clutch 2J with transmission of torque, drive spring drum 1F along with interior axle changes (this process of changeing together is less than buffering) together, damping spring 1g do not have relative movement between the two, so can not be squeezed;

Axle sleeve 1i cooperates with interior axle 1A by key 1k, and rotation is consistent with interior axle 1A, but axially can slide; Can move axially by driving spring cylinder 1F so move axially device ZXYD, thereby the driving spring gear moves axially; Moving axially under the device driving, the spring moving gear moves axially together together with axle sleeve, when the spring moving gear can collide when quiet gear is meshed with soft the closing of pairing, damping spring can produce buffer function when colliding, and the transmission of torque process between the outer shaft produces buffering in making, so this spring is called " damping spring ", this engagement process that obtains cushioning is called " soft closing ", the clutch of this structure is called " the soft device that closes ", and having a key gear at least in axle and the outer shaft in soft close in the device is gear of the spring;

The block diagram of axial moving device and working principle:

Moving axially device ZXYD and translation cover 1d can be enclosed within on the interior axle 1A with one of two kinds of methods, a kind of method is that an interior translation cover (not drawing) is connected with interior axle with key, axle rotation in following, can endwisely slip simultaneously, ZXYD and translation cover 1d are bearing in this interior translation by bearing (not drawing) and put, and axial and interior translation cover is fixing, so ZXYD and translation cover 1d do not follow interior rotation, but following it endwisely slips; A kind of method is that ZXYD directly is connected with interior axle with key with translation cover 1d, axle rotation in following, and can endwisely slip; But spring drum rear end cover 1e is supported on the translation cover 1d by rear end cover bearing 1E, can rotate axial restraint with respect to the translation cover, and both are transmitting torque not; According to shift command → electronic control module KZMK to dynamic power machine produce (driving-stop) control signal → dynamic power machine DLJX produce or stop driving force → transmission part CDBJ driving force is delivered to move axially device ZXYD → move axially device ZXYD to move axially → spring drum and move axially with translation cover 1d → gear of the spring moves axially (realize engagement with quiet gear and separate);

The structure and the working principle of colligator outer shaft side mechanism:

Axle and axially static in outer shaft is supported on by bearing, diaxon is transmitting torque directly, have only the key gear of diaxon to intermesh after, just might transmitting torque, among this embodiment, key gear 2N is fixed in outer shaft 1Q, also is axially to be static, forms meshing relation with spring moving gear 2n, it also is the soft critical component that closes device, so claim the soft quiet gear 2N that closes, both can be the spring moving gear be external tooth/soft to close quiet gear be internal tooth, also can be that the spring moving gear is that to close quiet gear be external tooth for internal tooth/soft;

Cohesive process:

Under the driving of axial moving device, gear of the spring closes quiet gear and is meshed with soft, and the internal tooth of the external tooth of Fig. 2 .7 gear and Fig. 2 .8 gear just meshes; Spring moving gear 1n and soft close quiet gear 2N engagement before, spring drum 1F is in unloaded state, the elastic force that damping spring 1g produces is very little even can ignore; When the spring moving gear move to right close quiet gear engagement with soft this can produce bump in a flash because the effect of damping spring, the bump dynamics can alleviate greatly, simultaneously, because the effect of damping spring, the accelerating process that is accelerated axle can compare gently, so claim the soft device that closes;

Conclusion is: 1. the spring moving gear can endwisely slip under the driving of axial moving device, closes quiet gear and forms engagement or separate with soft; 2. rotating shaft is along dragging when engagement, and the acceleration that is accelerated rotating shaft can obtain buffering, and interior axle forms soft combination with outer shaft; 3. the contrary top of rotating shaft when engagement is accelerated rotating shaft and can not get buffering, and interior axle forms scleroma with outer shaft and closes;

Definite principle of damping spring elasticity coefficient is: the amount of deformation of damping spring just reaches maximum in the time of at full capacity.

Impact force when meshing in order further to reduce, close on the key gear top formula is magnetized (the S utmost point and the N utmost point among Fig. 2 .7 and Fig. 2 .8 are attracted each other) the soft of pairing, the principle of determining the size of magnetic force is: just holding mutually in a flash before engagement makes that two of engagement moments, soft to close the key gear static relatively.

This embodiment can have following differentiation:

Embodiment 1.2: the anti-automatically controlled overrunning clutch of back skating

One of differentiation of embodiment 1.1: the damping spring 1g in (Fig. 2 .1) one-way damper is removed, and outer shaft is fixed in gear box, has just become the automatically controlled overrunning clutch of anti-back skating.It can make automobile increase a function: avoid back skating when going up the abrupt slope.Do not mesh anti-back skating overrunning clutch during cruising, treat as in it and do not exist; The anti-back skating overrunning clutch of engagement during last abrupt slope, making automobile to advance can not move back.Behind the anti-back skating overrunning clutch of engagement, being that rotating shaft is suitable when automobile advances drags, and overrunning clutch 2J is in the state of " branch ", is equivalent to bearing, and automobile advances as normal condition; Be the contrary top of rotating shaft when back of automobile, overrunning clutch 2J is in the state of " closing ", and interior axle and outer shaft are in bonding state, and outer shaft is fixed in gear box and can't rotates, thus interior do not rotate yet, automobile can't fall back.

Embodiment 1.3: close device firmly.

Two of embodiment 1.1 differentiation: change the damping spring 1g in (Fig. 2 .1) one-way damper into reinforcing bar, perhaps overrunning clutch is fastened, in a word, be that gear of the spring 2n and internal axle sleeve 1i are fixed into for non-cushioned hard turn key gear, it has just become scleroma to close with outer axle key gear meshing, so claim " closing device firmly "; Closing device firmly is necessary in gathering the type colligator, because after soft closing, interior axle is that buffering type combines with the synchronous rotation of outer shaft, and only after closing firmly, interior axle just has been combined as a whole fully with outer shaft.

Embodiment 1.4: the unidirectional buffering of spring drum formula adds unidirectional idle running (promptly not having torque) type colligator schematic diagram.

Three of embodiment 1.1 differentiation: Fig. 2 .2 is that the unidirectional buffering of spring drum formula adds unidirectional idle running type colligator schematic diagram.With embodiment's 1.1 differences is that the mounting point of overrunning clutch is different, causes function variant.In the present embodiment, replace overrunning clutch 2J with bearing 1J front cover 1j is supported on the internal axle sleeve 1i, overrunning clutch 1G then connects as one with damping spring and is fixed on the internal axle sleeve 1i, is jointing type; According to suitable definition of dragging, to drag damping spring during interior suitable dragging, and to drag damping spring, at first will drag overrunning clutch G in company with interior axle rotation, so the installation direction of overrunning clutch is: when interior axle overrunning clutch when dragging be " closing " state, interior will drag overrunning clutch and together rotate → drag damping spring → drag spring drum and spring moving gear 2n; When the key gear mesh meshed, damping spring made it to form soft closing; When interior axle during towards the direction rotation of contrary top, overrunning clutch is in " branchs " state, is equivalent to a bearing, and interior axle can't drag damping spring 1g, also just can't be to gear of the spring 2n transmitting torque, can't be to outer shaft 1Q transmitting torque, and formation is dallied.

In a word, when interior suitable dragging, overrunning clutch is in " closing " state, and colligator is the soft device that closes; When the contrary top of interior axle, overrunning clutch is in " branch " state, colligator idle running;

Embodiment 1.5: unidirectional clutch type unidirectional buffering in outer ring adds unidirectional idle running type colligator, Fig. 2 .3.

Four of embodiment 1.1 differentiation: with embodiment's 1.4 differences are being installed in spring drum inboard (Fig. 2 .5) and being connected with damping spring of overrunning clutch, when interior suitable dragging, drag Spring Steel Wire 1g, Spring Steel Wire drags overrunning clutch 2G, if at this moment be for " branch " state, then torque can't be delivered to spring drum 1F, so this moment, the installation direction of overrunning clutch should be " closing " state, in axle can be delivered to spring drum 1F along a torque of dragging, interior axle will drag damping spring 1g and together rotate → drag overrunning clutch 2G and " close " → drag spring drum and spring moving gear 2n; When the key gear mesh meshed, damping spring made it to form soft closing; When interior axle during towards the direction rotation of contrary top, overrunning clutch is in " branchs " state, is equivalent to a bearing, and damping spring can't drag overrunning clutch and rotate, also just can't be to gear of the spring 2n transmitting torque, and can't be to outer shaft 1Q transmitting torque;

Embodiment 1.6: direct-connected unidirectional buffering adds unidirectional hard mould assembly colligator.Fig. 2 .6.

Five of embodiment 1.1 differentiation: with embodiment's 1.1 differences is to have omitted spring drum, front and rear cover, end cap bearing; When interior axle when dragging, drag damping spring 1g → drag gear of the spring 2n, in this direction, overrunning clutch should be installed as " branchs " state, spool can't directly twist gear of the spring in making, and drags so gear of the spring is cushioned spring, can produce buffering; When the contrary top of interior axle, overrunning clutch is installed as " closing " state, and interior axle directly drives spring moving gear 2n, becomes and closes device firmly; That is: interior axle is the soft device that closes when dragging, during contrary top for closing device firmly.This embodiment be between open type;

Embodiment 1.7: direct-connected unidirectional buffering adds unidirectional idle running type colligator.

Six of embodiment 1.1 differentiation: with embodiment's 1.6 differences are the positions that changed overrunning clutch, among Fig. 2 .6, overrunning clutch is installed in the 2i place, and the position of original overrunning clutch 2J is made a bearing into; That is: interior axle is the soft device that closes when dragging, and is idle running during contrary top.This embodiment is a jointing type.

Sum up above embodiment and find a phenomenon, every gear of the spring is supported on the overrunning clutch, must be open architecture between (overrunning clutch and damping spring), all is that unidirectional buffering adds unidirectional hard mould assembly colligator; Every gear of the spring is supported on the bearing, must be (overrunning clutch and damping spring) jointing type structure, all is that unidirectional buffering adds unidirectional idle running type colligator.This phenomenon also is easy to proof in fact.

Embodiment 2: the two-way asymmetric soft device that closes.A rotation direction cushions, and a rotation direction buffering is poor

Fig. 3-two-way asymmetric soft device master the sectional view that closes;

The structure of axial moving device and working principle are identical with embodiment's 1.1;

The structure of two-way asymmetric buffer and working principle: in spring drum 1F, the sectional drawing at the 1g place is Fig. 2 .5, and is identical with embodiment 1.1 when interior axle turns clockwise after Fig. 3 removes 1H and 3h, becomes the unidirectional soft device that closes, and resiliency is good; But when interior axle is rotated counterclockwise, spring moving gear 1M close quiet gear 1m engagement with soft this in a flash, axle sleeve 1i can top damping spring 1g, the strength on top may cause when big that spring is destructive to be out of shape even to twist off, so the corresponding protection measure will be arranged; 1H is counterclockwise overrunning clutch, be in the state of " closing " during promptly contrary the top, be in the state of " branch " during suitable dragging, 3h also is a spiral spring, one end is fixed in spring drum, one end is fixed in counterclockwise overrunning clutch 1H, the rotation direction of 3h is opposite with damping spring 1g, claim reverse damping spring, short more than damping spring 1g, when the counter-rotating of interior axle also is unlikely to 1g generation harm, just dragged tight rapidly, spring drum is produced the power on contrary top, because 3h is not long, only can produce a little buffering, so the cushioning effect of 3h and 1g and asymmetric.

Embodiment 3: the soft device that closes of bidirectional buffering,

Among Fig. 1 .1, removing and close moving gear 1n firmly and close quiet gear 1N firmly, is exactly the soft device that closes of bidirectional buffering.

Fig. 1 .2 is the suitable sectional drawing at damping spring 1g place that drags.The connecting part of 1v-damping spring 1g and overrunning clutch 1G; The connecting part of 1w-damping spring and spring drum 1F; All be fixedly connected.

The structure of axial moving device and working principle are identical with embodiment's 1.1, do not give unnecessary details;

Spring drum 1F is identical with the related and embodiment 1.4 of axle sleeve 1i, the front cover 1j of spring drum 1F is supported on axle sleeve 1i by bearing 1J, rear end cover 1e is supported on translation cover 1d by bearing 1E, if do not have damping spring as media, spring drum and interior axle can't transmitting torques, can only pass through the damping spring transmitting torque;

The bidirectional buffering structure working principle:

The engine shaft of equipment such as automobile always is not in is just changeing state, at descending or lose occasions such as wet goods, motor is to be in trailing state, adopting one-way type, soft to close device improper, will be with the soft device structure of closing of bidirectional buffering: two pairs of unidirectional damping springs are arranged on the axle sleeve 1i, the end of damping spring 1g is fixed in overrunning clutch 1G, the other end is fixed on the spring drum 1F, constitute one pair of unidirectional damping spring Gg, interior axle forms soft closing when dragging with respect to damping spring 1g is suitable, idle running during contrary the top, working principle and embodiment 1.4: it is identical that the unidirectional buffering of spring drum formula adds unidirectional idle running type colligator; The end of another damping spring 1h is fixed in overrunning clutch 1H, and the other end is fixed on the spring drum 1F, also constitutes one pair of unidirectional damping spring Hh, and is identical with unidirectional damping spring Gg 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, and just rotation direction is opposite; Every pair of unidirectional damping spring guarantees that a rotation direction is soft closing, so interior axle is no matter be which rotation direction all is soft closing;

For example, when axle 1A turns clockwise in (Fig. 1 .2), make overrunning clutch 1G be in the state of " closing ", just in time be suitable dragging for damping spring 1g, so 1G drags damping spring 1g, 1g drags spring drum 1F again and rotates thereupon, before the key gear engagement, gear of the spring is unloaded, and the stressed of damping spring 1g can be ignored, and its distortion also can be ignored; In the moment of key gear engagement, can clash between two engaging gears, under the buffering of damping spring, impact force alleviates greatly, the accelerating process of spring drum also obtains the buffering of damping spring simultaneously, make that the accelerating process of driven shaft is milder, the transmittance process of torque is: interior axle clockwise → the quiet gear of spring → drag outer shaft rotates thereupon to drag overrunning clutch 1G → drag damping spring 1g → drag spring drum → drag spring moving gear → drag; When interior axle 1A was rotated counterclockwise, overrunning clutch 1G was in the state of " branch ", so it can not produce the transmission of torque; Equally, interior axle 1A is when being rotated counterclockwise, there is a counterclockwise buffer structure figure (not drawing) who becomes mirror image with Fig. 1 .2 at damping spring 1h place, in axle be rotated counterclockwise and during the key gear engagement, make overrunning clutch 1H be in " closing " state, just in time be along dragging for damping spring 1h, in axle counterclockwise → spring drum → quiet gear of spring moving gear → spring → drag outer shaft rotates thereupon to drag overrunning clutch 1H → drag damping spring 1h → drag, because the effect of damping spring, the accelerating process of outer shaft is milder; In axle when dragging then overrunning clutch 1H be in " branch " state, it can not produce the transmission of torque;

Adopted clockwise and counterclockwise buffer structure among Fig. 1 .1 simultaneously, so no matter interior axle changes clockwise or counterclockwise, the outer shaft that drags that all can be mild rotates thereupon, realizes soft closing;

Embodiment 4: the soft or hard colligator also claims to gather the type colligator.Be exactly that embodiment 1.3 closes device and embodiment's 3 bidirectional bufferings are soft closes gathering of device firmly, finish soft combination earlier, finishing scleroma then and closing.

Fig. 1 .1 is exactly the soft or hard colligator, and the spring drum place has been drawn as sectional view, softly closes quiet gear 1m partial cutaway.

The sectional drawing of Fig. 1 .2 for eyeing right from clockwise damping spring 1g.

Fig. 1 .3 is for to close the sectional drawing that moving gear 1n eyes left firmly from external tooth type.

Fig. 1 .4 is for to close the sectional drawing that quiet gear 1N eyes right firmly from internal gear type.

Present embodiment only is on the soft basis of closing device of embodiment's 3 bidirectional bufferings, increased a pair of gear (external tooth type closes moving gear 1n firmly and internal gear type closes quiet gear 1N firmly) that closes firmly, close moving gear 1n firmly and be fixed in axle sleeve 1i, rotate and move axially all synchronous with axle sleeve 1i; Close the quiet gear 1N of device firmly and be fixed in outer shaft 1Q, it closes quiet gear 1N firmly and softly closes quiet gear 1m and all be made on the same matrix 1L; Describe a bit difficulty, attempt to describe by Fig. 1 .3 and Fig. 1 .4, these two figure are pairings mutually as can be seen, and 1M is paired into soft closing mutually with 1m, and 1n is paired into firmly mutually with 1N and closes; (referring to Fig. 1 .1) quiet gear matrix 1L is as opening bottle cap left, and to be that external tooth type is soft close quiet gear 1m to outer circumferential walls, and that pairing then is internal gear type spring moving gear 1M mutually, external tooth relation in fact can exchanging, and promptly 1m makes internal gear type and 1M makes external tooth type; Equally, the circumferential inner wall of quiet gear matrix 1L is that internal gear type closes quiet gear 1N firmly, and pairing then is that external tooth type closes moving gear 1n firmly mutually, external tooth relation in also can exchanging; 1L and change gear 1p are fixed on the outer shaft 1Q, and outer shaft is supported on interior axle 1A outside by outer axle bearing 1q, so interior axle and the not direct transmitting torque of outer shaft;

Dynamic power machine DLJX and control module KZMK working principle, special topic is introduced in the embodiment of back; Move cover 1d and make moving gear move to right, as the front-end face BB that closes moving gear 1n firmly during near the front-end face AA of quiet gear matrix 1L, gear of the spring has been finished engagement, and control system makes and moves to right process suspension once, and the pending buffer spring is dragged tightly to finish soft closing; After the EOT end of timeout, moving gear continues to move to right, and when the ear end face CC that closes moving gear 1n firmly reaches the front-end face AA of quiet gear matrix 1L, has finished firmly and has closed.

Embodiment 5: the colligator of outer shaft type gear of the spring.Fig. 4 is the colligator of outer shaft type gear of the spring.4m-outer shaft gear of the spring; The soft moving gear that closes of 4M-; 4F-outer shaft spring drum; 4g-outer shaft damping spring; 4J-outer shaft buffering bearing;

The quiet gear type of spring is soft closes in the device, the quiet gear of spring need not move axially, so the rotating shaft extending body need not axle sleeve, spring drum by front and rear cover and Bearing Installation in rotating shaft, is connected by damping spring between spring drum and the rotating shaft (or rotating shaft install overrunning clutch), key gear and spring drum become the quiet gear of spring after fixing; Moving axially under device drives, moving past when being meshed when closing moving gear with the quiet gear pairing of spring soft, damping spring can produce buffer function, realizes " soft closing ";

1F ' in the present embodiment is that the spring drum 1F with embodiment 2 is fixed on the axle sleeve 1i, remove damping spring after, rename as the soft cylinder 1F ' that closes, same, 1M ' has been not a gear of the spring just, should claim the soft moving gear that closes; On the contrary, key gear on outer shaft on the contrary becomes gear of the spring, claim outer shaft gear of the spring 4m, be fixed in outer shaft spring drum 4F, the outer shaft spring drum is bearing on the outer shaft 1Q by outer shaft buffering bearing 4J, outer shaft damping spring 4g one end is fixed in outer shaft 1Q, and an end is fixed in the outer shaft spring drum, constitutes buffer.Copy embodiment 2 spring drum structure, can constitute that the unidirectional buffering of outer shaft type is soft closes that device, outer shaft type bidirectional buffering softly close device, outer shaft type gathers the soft device that closes of type to embodiment 4.

Embodiment 6: the wheeled soft device that closes of outer shaft.

Fig. 5 .1 is the wheeled soft device plan view (outer shaft 1Q, foreign steamer 5Y and foreign steamer end cap 5B are cut open) that closes of outer shaft.

Fig. 5 .2 is Fig. 5 .1 at the sectional drawing at jack 5e place radially.

The 5r-electromagnet coil; The 5R-electromagnet core; The outer arbor wheel end cap of 5B-; 5F-does not have end cover type spring drum (being called for short the uncovered cylinder); The 1Q-outer shaft; Axle in the 1A-; The outer axle bearing of 1q-; 5e-is jack radially; The 5E-ferromagnetic bar; The 5T-Electromagnetic bolt; 5t-Electromagnetic bolt coil; 5y-outer shaft wheel bearing; The outer arbor wheel of 5Y-; 5H-spring immovable point; The 5G-axle sleeve.

No end cover type spring drum 5F is supported on foreign steamer 5Y by outer wheel bearing 5y, and helical spring 5g one end is fixed in 5F, axle axle sleeve 5G in an end is fixed in; When the engagement instruction of outer shaft and interior axle arrives, electromagnet coil 5r energising, iron core 5R produces magnetic field, and the ferromagnetic bar 5E in face of it is held (5F is a nonferromagnetic material), at this moment Electromagnetic bolt 5T is just in time aiming at a jack 5e, just can not produce impact force during insertion; Also can adopt the axial type latch of Fig. 6 .3.

Embodiment 7: outer arbor wheel powers up the magnetic bolt-type and closes device firmly

Fig. 6 .1 is that outer arbor wheel powers up the magnetic bolt-type and closes the device plan view firmly; Arbor wheel in the 6F-(being equivalent to interior shaft diameter is enlarged).

Fig. 6 .2 is the sectional drawing of Fig. 6 .1 at the hinge last place; The radian of α-socket width correspondence; β-pairing the radian of socket spacing.

In order to make relatively balance of centrifugal force, circumference to the top position respectively install an Electromagnetic bolt, hinge last becomes odd number, the radian measure alpha of socket width correspondence is greater than the pairing radian measure beta of socket spacing, so no matter where interior arbor wheel rotates to, and why is to have a latch at least facing to hinge last; If two whiles all face toward hinge last, so because there is great disparity at the tilt angle on latch point (Fig. 6 .2, the front and back of sense of rotation) both sides, that of abrupt slope can prevail over competition and insert jack (another one can withdraw from), and the outer shaft scleroma is closed in making.

Embodiment 8: outer arbor wheel adds axial bolt-type and closes device firmly

Fig. 6 .3 is that outer arbor wheel adds axial bolt-type and closes the device plan view firmly;

Fig. 6 .4 is the sectional drawing of Fig. 6 .3 at the hinge last place;

The 6E-latch; 6e '-latch passes through the hole; 6B-band latch is by the outer arbor wheel end cap in hole; The axial hinge last of 6e-; The interior arbor wheel of 6F '-reservation hinge last outside matrix;

Adopt embodiment's 1 described axial moving device, driven wheel can drive latch E and move axially, and passes latch and inserts hinge last 6e by hole 6e ' back, and the outer shaft scleroma is closed in making, and this structure claims axial latch.

Embodiment 9: the soft device that closes of electromagnetic location Electromagnetic bolt formula.

Fig. 7 .1 is that the soft outer arbor wheel of device that closes of electromagnetic location Electromagnetic bolt formula is cut plan view open;

Fig. 7 .2 is that the soft inside and outside arbor wheel complete section of device of closing of electromagnetic location Electromagnetic bolt formula is opened plan view;

The view that Fig. 7 .3 turns right and sees for Fig. 7 .1;

Fig. 7 .4 is the sectional drawing of Fig. 7 .1 at hinge last 5e place;

When receiving combined command, electromagnet coil 5r energising, its iron core produces magnetic force, and close ferromagnetic bar 5E is held, and is designed to just have a hinge last 5e to face latch, and Electromagnetic bolt 5T inserts jack 5e in coil 5t energising back then; Here only draw the soft device that closes of Electromagnetic bolt structure, axial latch of the embodiment 8 has been transplanted come to replace Electromagnetic bolt, just become the soft device that closes of the axial bolt-type of electromagnetic location.

Embodiment 10: fluid coupling with close device combined type colligator firmly.

Fig. 8 .1 is fluid coupling and closes device combined type colligator schematic representation firmly.

The 8M-pump impeller; The 8m-turbine; YH-closes device firmly; 8p-gear shift opinion.

Working principle: interior axle 1A and pump impeller 8M fix and pass turbine 8m, and outer shaft 1Q and turbine 8m fix, and are closing device YH place firmly, and interior outer shaft can be realized closing firmly; When combined command arrives, begin the fluid coupling fluid injection, turbine can rotate with pump impeller, and promptly outer shaft can be with interior axle rotation, and the speed of driven axle increases gradually, is equivalent to soft closing; When rotating speed is close, close device firmly outer shaft and interior axle are realized closing firmly, finish complete combination.

Embodiment 11: asynchronous motor with close device combined type colligator firmly.

Fig. 8 .2 is asynchronous motor and closes device combined type colligator schematic representation firmly.

Axle in the 8A-motor; 8Q-motor outer shaft; The 8e-End cover for motor; The 8n-motor rotor; The 8N-rotating electromagnetic utmost point; The 8V-collector ring;

Working principle: motor is by outer shaft 1Q rotary driving electromagnetic pole, and when rotating electromagnetic was extremely nonmagnetic, motor rotor can not be subjected to electromagnetic force; When combined command arrives, give the rotating electromagnetic utmost point 8N power supply by collector ring 8V, make it produce magnetic field, notice that 8N rotates, according to the principle of asynchronous motor, motor rotor 8n will rotate in rotating magnetic field, reach asynchronous speed, axle can rotate with outer shaft promptly, and the speed of driven axle increases gradually, is equivalent to soft closing; When rotating speed is close, close device firmly outer shaft and interior axle are realized closing firmly, finish complete combination.

Embodiment 12.1: the fork type axial drive means.One of (axial driving force) driving mechanism CDJG.

Fig. 9 .1 is (c shelves and f shelves) fork type axial drive means schematic representation.

● the capitalization back is with lowercase, and lowercase is a gear; As Qc, Pc etc. is certain thing of c shelves.

9B-moves axially wheel; 1d-translation cover; Lc-c shelves damping device (gathering of spring drum, gear of the spring, overrunning clutch); Lf-f shelves damping device; 9L-is quiet to take turns; 1p-change gear reverse gear shaft; The 1Q-outer shaft; Axle in the 1A-; The DLJX-dynamic power machine; Jc-c shelves rotating cycle counter; Jc '-c shelves rotary inductive point; 9c-dynamic power machine driveshaft; 9d-drives loop bar; The Pc-c shelves are soft to close induction point (left lateral is soft close the back suspend several seconds left lateral again); The Pf-f shelves are soft to close induction point (right lateral is soft close the back suspend several seconds right lateral again); The soft position switch that closes of Pcf-; The 9b-shift fork; The 9D-driving lever; Qcf '-shutdown induction point; 9E-parallel bar bearing; The 9e-parallel bar; Qc-c shelves left lateral is position switch to the end; Qcf-middle position switch; Qf-f shelves right lateral is position switch to the end; 9G-parallel bar guide rail;

Fig. 9 .2 is fork type axial drive means left view (9G cuts open with the parallel bar guide rail).The label that did not occur has only the 9C-interior threaded hole.

Working principle:

Axle 1A in dynamic power machine driveshaft 9c and parallel bar 9e are parallel to, under the dynamic power machine 9u driving of (comprising motor and oil hydraulic pump), dynamic power machine driveshaft 9c can drive driving lever 9D drive parallel bar 9e and move, because the restriction of parallel bar guide rail 9G, parallel bar is merely able to move vertically, shift fork and parallel bar are for being rigidly connected, so shift fork 9b also is mobile vertically; For simplified apparatus, should adopt the method for the axial driving device controls two cover colligators of a cover, 8 gears (abcdefgh) are as long as the axial driver of 4 covers, and, the gear that advances adopts matched pair technique at interval, a shelves (La=1 shelves) and d shelves (Ld=4 shelves), b shelves (Lb=2 shelves) and e shelves (Le=5 shelves), c shelves (Lc=3 shelves) and f shelves (Lf=6 shelves), g shelves (Lg=reverse gear) and h shelves (Lh=anti-back shelves), each shared 1 pair of axial driver; Each cover colligator (c shelves and f shelves) of the shift fork both sides of Fig. 9 .1 because c shelves (3 grades) and f shelves (6 grades) are non-conterminous, does not move back shelves and another advances a grade simultaneous situation so can not take place one, helps simplifying circuit.Can be extrapolated to other gear.

If dynamic power machine is a motor, then dynamic power machine driveshaft 9c is the thread type driveshaft, and driving loop bar 9d then is interior threaded hole 9C, the rotation of motor drives thread type driveshaft, make I.S.S drive loop bar 9d and shrink vertically that shift fork moves vertically;

If dynamic power machine is an oil hydraulic pump, then dynamic power machine driveshaft 9c is a hydraulic mandril, and shift fork moves vertically;

Control the soft process of closing and closing firmly two kinds of methods arranged:

A kind of is position switch, when sending f shelves colligator combined command, the dynamic power machine shift fork moves to right, move to right to colligator and finish soft fashionable (Fig. 1 .1, as the front-end face BB that closes moving gear 1n firmly during) near the front-end face AA of quiet gear matrix 1L, the f shelves are soft to be closed induction point Pf and just in time arrives soft when closing position switch Pcf, send and suspend the right lateral instruction, relay timing starting time, outer shaft and interior axle rotation must be synchronous after several seconds, the time relay is restarted and is continued the right lateral instruction, f shelves colligator is finished firmly close (the front-end face AA that the ear end face CC that closes moving gear 1n firmly reaches quiet gear matrix 1L), at this moment shut down induction point Qcf ' and just in time reach right lateral position switch Qf to the end, send the dynamic power machine cutoff command, the scleroma process of closing is finished; When sending f shelves colligator separation command, the dynamic power machine shift fork moves to left, and moves to left when shutdown induction point Qcf ' just in time reaches middle position switch Qcf, sends the dynamic power machine cutoff command, and separation process is finished; The combination that concrete control procedure has embodiment's 14 left colligators with separate all fours, do not give unnecessary details.

A kind of is counter switch, detects rotary inductive point Jc ' by rotating cycle counter Jc, can know the number of turns of motor rotation; Suppose from reset position and close to soft that the motor rotating cycle is N1 when finishing, the motor rotating cycle is N2 when finishing to closing firmly, so when rotating cycle equals N1, send the motor pause instruction, relay timing starting time, outer shaft and interior axle rotation must be synchronous after the several seconds, the time relay is restarted the continuation operating instruction, colligator is finished firmly closed, when rotating cycle equals N2, send the motor cutoff command; After sending separation command, when rotating cycle equals N2, send the motor cutoff command, separation process is finished;

Embodiment 12.2: the axial driver of screw type.

Fig. 9 .3 is the axial driver schematic representation of screw type.

1d-translation cover; The 9F-axle moves driven wheel; The 9H-driving belt; Outer shaft sleeve screw rod in the 9j-; 9J-internal thread pedestal; 9m-square hole screw rod; 9M-square hole screw rod pedestal; The 9f-axle moves driving wheel; The 9P-square shaft; Jc '-rotary inductive point; Jc-rotating cycle counter; The 9U-motor;

Structure and working principle:

The outside of axle 1A in interior outer shaft sleeve screw rod 9j is bearing in by bearing (not drawing),-axle moves driven wheel 9F and interior outer shaft sleeve screw rod 9j for fixedlying connected, when driven wheel 9F rotates, screw rod 9j can rotate in internal thread pedestal 9J and produce and move axially, promote damping device HCZZ and move axially, finish combination and separating action; Problem is that if axle moves driving wheel 9f at axial restraint, the length of driving belt 9H can change; If make driving belt length constant, driving wheel should be advanced and retreat together in axial displacement with driven wheel, how to accomplish with advance and retreat? the present invention has designed a kind of screw rod of polygonal endoporus and has fixed with driving wheel, the section of square hole screw rod 9m as one piece ancient times copper coin, the outside circle, there is a polygonal endoporus (such as square hole) centre, polygon shaft 9P in polygonal hole for being slidingly matched, motor 9U drives polygon shaft and rotates, polygon shaft drives the polygonal hole screw rod and rotates, and polygonal hole screw rod pedestal 9M is fixed in matrix, so the polygonal hole screw rod can move axially along with rotation, as long as calculate the diameter and the pitch of two screw rods, just can accomplish driving wheel and driven wheel same advance and retreat in axial displacement;

Embodiment 13.1.Soft or hard colligator formula speed changer

Figure 10 .1 is a soft or hard colligator formula speed changer schematic representation.

The FDJ-engine shaft; RZL-input end total binding device; The ZD-driving shaft; The ZC-bearing; The Re-transmission housing; The anti-down sliding colligator fixture of Rh-; The anti-down sliding colligator of Lh-; DDZ-reverse gear inversion axis; Lg-reverse gear colligator; Mg-reverse gear driving wheel; The reverse driven gear of Zg '-reverse gear; The reverse driving gear of Zg-reverse gear; Ng-reverse gear driven gear; The Na-first speed driven gear; Nb-second gear driven gear; Nc-third gear driven gear; Nd-fourth gear driven gear; The CD-driven shaft; CZL-output terminal total binding device; The SCZ-output shaft; One grade of driving gear of Ma-; One grade of colligator of La-; Mb-second gear driving gear; Lb-second gear colligator; The Mc-third speed drive gear; Lc-third gear colligator; Md-fourth gear driving gear; Ld-fourth gear colligator;

Working principle:

Because the power transmission of every pair of gear all can produce loss in efficiency, and the gear that advances is to bear main work,, can reduce loss so each gear of forward gear is only finished no-load voltage ratio with a pair of gear; For this reason, gearbox only adopts two main shafts, one is driving shaft ZD, total clutch RZL is connected to engine shaft by input end, change gear above the driving shaft is called driving gear, another root is driven shaft CD, by the total clutch CZL of output terminal to the wheel outputting power, change gear above the driven shaft is called driven gear, the driving gear and the driven gear of forward gears match in twos, suppose the speed changer that N-2 the gear that advances arranged, and each N-2 of driving shaft and driven shaft gear matches in twos, form N-2 to gear, form N-2 no-load voltage ratio, a colligator is all arranged on every pair of gear, during neutral all colligators are broken away from, need which no-load voltage ratio just the colligator in that a pair of gear to be merged, only a pair of gear of need process just can be finished torque transfer and the transmission from the motor to the wheel; In order to simplify shift controller, colligator is relative in twos, as embodiment 12.1 and embodiment 12.2 are described, with two colligators of an axial drive means control.

All dispose one at engine power input end and gearbox power take-off and play the colligator of master control effect or traditional clutch (below be referred to as the total binding device), when gear shift, two total binding devices all are set to separate, are beneficial to reduce the impact force of gear colligator when gear shift;

Vehicle slip-down in order to prevent to go up a slope, the spy has set up automatically controlled overrunning clutch Lh gear, is called anti-coaster clutch shelves; During cruising, automatically controlled overrunning clutch Lh is set to " branch " state, equals it and does not exist; During last abrupt slope, automatically controlled overrunning clutch Lh is set to " closing " state, is exactly an overrunning clutch, and making vehicle to advance can not retreat; Equally, the anti-skidding soft device shelves (not drawing) that close in the time of can also increasing a reversing;

Reverse gear is many a pair of reverse gear, the driving gear of reverse gear and driven gear are not direct engagements, but mesh indirectly by reverse gear, and be opposite when making the sense of rotation of driven shaft with forward gear.

With one as reverse gear, the anti-back skating shelves of conduct, N gear altogether.

Embodiment 13.2.Compact type soft or hard colligator formula speed changer

Figure 10 .2 is a compact type soft or hard colligator formula speed changer schematic representation.

The meaning of each existing label is all identical with embodiment 13.1 with working principle, but characteristics are one by one arranged: on driving shaft and the driven shaft colligator and relative is in twos arranged all, two colligators take the axial length of a colligator on axial space;

Embodiment 14.Automated shift control

Figure 11 .1 is a gear shift actuating signal generator schematic representation.By transmitter module (BS), threshold value comparison module (YZ1 and YZ2), add that 1 module (CP1) subtracts 1 module (CP2) and forward-backward counter (JSQ) is formed, the circuit of these modules all with dashed lines circle is lived.

◆ if V is a high petential, can represent with V=1; If V is a zero potential, can represent with V=0.

◆ the in-phase input end of integrated operational amplifier is called for short in-phase end, and inverting input is called for short end of oppisite phase.

◆ among the relay Xc, its coil is still represented with Xc, its contact Xc1, Xc2, Xc3 ... expression; The method for expressing of other relay and contactor is similar.

The supplemental instruction of transmitter BS: frame of broken lines is one of circuit diagram of transmitter.Integrated operational amplifier AG is connected into voltage follower circuit and serves as input stage, the sampled signal Ug ' that sensor is sent here (voltage of engine speed correspondence) is through behind the AG, because AG is a voltage follower circuit, so its output terminal current potential still is Ug ', but voltage follower circuit can make input resistance very big, output resistance is very little, and the electric current asked for to sensor CG (engine rotation speed sensor) of promptly becoming is very little, and level provides the load capacity of signal to strengthen backward; Integrated operational amplifier AB is connected into a difference amplifier, from the signal of end of oppisite phase resistance R 1 input is benchmark regulated signal Vt, make Vx value upper and lower translation, from the signal of in-phase end resistance R 2 inputs is sensor sample signal Ug ', through obtaining Ug after the difference amplification, that is to say that Ug is the signal after Ug ' process translation and the amplification, for the adjusted current potential of voltage process transmitter of engine speed correspondence, be " rotating speed current potential " hereinafter to be referred as Ug.For example, the excursion of Ug ' is 0～4V, be adjusted into the excursion (10～10V) of Ug, magnification factor=20/4=5, iff being to amplify 5 times, 0～4V has become 0～20V so, if integral body has just become after moving down 10V-10～10V, make Vt=2V and regulate variable resistor Rt, can make output signal integral body move down 10V.Vt should stablize as regulating benchmark, so adopted the voltage stabilizing measure, three sections regulator blocks 78 of 78 series ^*Provide positive potential voltage stabilizing (such as the positive 5V regulator block of 7805 expressions), three sections regulator blocks 79 of 79 series ^*The negative potential voltage stabilizing is provided.Certainly transmitter has a lot of various circuit.

The threshold value comparator is a key modules, rotating speed current potential Ug be on the occasion of the time, through after potentiometer W1 and the W2 dividing potential drop, the partial pressure value V that obtains _W1And V _W2All be positive potential, logical relation is: engine speed rising → rotating speed current potential Ug rising → V _W1And V _W2Rise, make V when engine speed rises _W1＞V _D1The time (V _D1Be the breakdown voltage of voltage-stabiliser tube D1, be threshold value, the critical high petential of gear shift, gearshift upper limit rotating speed corresponding to the motor setting), D1 is breakdown, triode T1 saturation conduction, and transformer L1 can send a positive pulse to the counting end CP+ that adds of forward-backward counter JSQ, once add counting, produce grade actuating signal,, finish into shelves operation by subsequent conditioning circuit, D5, D6 are fly-wheel diode, discharge the electric energy among transformer L1, the L2 when triode ends; In like manner, when rotating speed current potential Ug is negative value, after potentiometer W1 and W2 dividing potential drop, the V that obtains _W1And V _W2All be negative potential, logical relation is: engine speed decline → rotating speed current potential Ug decline → V _W1And V _W2Descend, make V when engine speed descends _W2＜V _D2The time (V _D2Breakdown voltage for voltage-stabiliser tube D2, be threshold value, the critical low potential of gear shift is corresponding to the gearshift lower limit rotating speed of motor setting), D2 is breakdown, triode T2 saturation conduction, transformer L2 can send a positive pulse to the counting end CP-that subtracts of forward-backward counter JSQ, and once subtracts counting, produces to move back a grade actuating signal, by subsequent conditioning circuit, finish and move back the shelves operation; Adjust W1 and W2 and can change partial pressure value V _W1And V _W2Thereby, change gear shifting rotational speed.

Figure 11 .2 is decoding of gear shift actuating signal and amplifier schematic representation.

After making forward-backward counter JSQ produce binary number Q2, a Q1, Q0 through gear shift actuating signal generator, through decoder JMQ decoding, can obtain 8 output signals, be respectively 8 kinds of states: when Va '=1, must all the other (Vb '～Vh ')=0 (draw and do not descended the amplifier of the Vh ' that do not draw); When Vb '=1, must all the other (Va ', Vc '～Vh ')=0; Below analogize, that is, each has and has only one=1 among Va '～Vh ' constantly, all the other=0; Figure 11 .2 three kinds of amplifiers that drawn should be drawn three width of cloth figure respectively and illustrate, in order to save the space of a whole page, have been drawn on the width of cloth figure; Triode Ta and relay coil Sa are first kind of amplifier, and when Va '=1, triode Ta is saturated, relay coil Sa energising; Triode Tc, relay coil Sc, relay coil Xc and diode Dc are second kind of amplifier; Triode Tg, relay coil Sg, relay coil Xg, diode Dg and triode Tg ', relay coil Yg are the third amplifier; Can form gear shift actuating signal amplifier by 8 congener amplifiers; The gear shift actuating signal is passed through the gear shift driving signal generator again, becomes the gear shift drive signal, the solenoid valve of drive motor or oil hydraulic pump.

The Va of first kind of amplifier, Vb, Vc, Vd, Ve, Vf, Vg, Vh, as the input signal of PLC circuit gear shift driving signal generator; Second kind is the gear shift driving signal generator that adopts relay circuit with the third amplifier.

Figure 11 .3 is second kind of gear shift driving signal generator schematic representation.(alphabet sequence is enumerated): Kc-advances c shelves contactor; Kc1-advances c shelves main noddle on contactor; Kc2-advances c shelves contactor self-locking contact; Kc3-advances c shelves contactor interlocking contact; Kf-advances f shelves contactor; Kf1-advances f shelves main noddle on contactor; Kf2-advances f shelves contactor self-locking contact; Kf3-advances f shelves contactor interlocking contact; The KTc-time relay; KTc1 and KTc2-switch on disconnected immediately and the logical normally-closed contact of outage time-delay; Pcf-is soft, and the completing place switch that closes is often opened the pulse contact; The Qc-c shelves close the completing place switch firmly; The Qf-f shelves close the completing place switch firmly; Qcf1 and Qcf2-shift fork are got back to the contact of point midway switch Qcf; Sc1-advances c shelves actuating signal; Sc2-advances the anti-self-holding contact of c shelves; Sf1-enters f shelves actuating signal contact; Sf2-advances the anti-self-holding contact of f shelves; Xc1-withdraws from the pulse contact of c shelves; Xf1-withdraws from the pulse contact of g shelves; The pulse contact is meant and returns to normal after this contact reversal connection once that promptly, normally opened contact closure once back disconnects at once, closed at once after normally-closed contact disconnects at once.

Second kind of gear shift driving signal generator working principle: when needs are hung the c shelves, JMQ output Vc '=1 among Figure 11 .2, triode Tc saturation conduction, the electric current relay coil Sc that flows through from top to bottom, relay coil Sc energising, relay normally open contact Sc1 closure (this is to send the into actuating signal of c shelves), normally-closed contact Sc2 disconnects, because T1, Kg3, Qc are closed, so c shelves contactor coil Kc energising, the normally opened contact Kc1 closure of contactor Kc, motor MD just changes, (the axial driver among Fig. 9 .1 drives left, begins the into process of c shelves; When left lateral closes when finishing to soft, the soft induction point Pc in-position pulse switch Pcg that closes of c shelves is just arranged, only connect and just break in a flash; ) the logical electricity once of time relay coil KTc breaks immediately, KTc1 and KTc2 switch on disconnected immediately and the logical normally-closed contact of outage time-delay, institute is so that c shelves contactor coil Kc cuts off the power supply immediately, here can analyze the effect of normally-closed contact Sc2, if there is not normally-closed contact Sc2, after the contactor coil Kc energising, normally opened contact Kc2 closure, KTc1 cuts off its branch road, can not make coil Kc outage, so will normally-closed contact Sc2 be disconnected, its branch road of KTc1 cut-out just makes coil Kc, and the electricity went off; KTc1 is through time-delay back (even soft closing finished the back) energising again, and (among Fig. 9 .1) axially driver continues driving left, begins the into process of closing firmly of c shelves; When left lateral to closing firmly when finishing, just have the c shelves to close induction point Qcg ' firmly and arrive left lateral position switch Qc to the end, after Qc disconnected, c shelves contactor coil Kc outage was hung c shelves process and is finished.Other gear engage a gear process is similar.

When needs withdraw from the c shelves, the output of JMQ among Figure 11 .2, Vc ' can jump to 0 from 1, triode Tc ends from saturated jumping to, stop coil Sc is powered, according to the principle that electric current in the inductance can not suddenly change, as can be known in the moment of the change of current, " inductive current " size and Orientation among the coil Sc is constant, its " inductive current " can only be diminishing gradually, direction remains from top to bottom, sets up loop a: Sc for " inductive current " among the coil Sc, relay coil Xc, diode Dc makes current direction be: Sc from top to bottom → Xc → Dc → Sc, relay coil Xc obtains an of short duration electric current, normally opened contact Xc1 among the relay Xc (Figure 11 .3) will of short durationly connect, and Xc1 becomes the pulse contact, after the contactor coil Kg energising, normally opened contact Kg2 connects, keep the "on" position of coil Kg, form self-locking, simultaneously, Kg1 connects, motor MD counter-rotating, (among Fig. 9 .1) axially driver drives to the right, begins to withdraw from the process of c shelves; When shift fork right lateral during to mid point, mid point induction point Qcg ' arrives point midway switch Qcg place, and normally-closed contact Qcg1 and Qcg2 among Figure 11 .3 can disconnect, and coil Kg cuts off the power supply, and withdraws from c shelves process and finishes.It is similar that other gear moves back grade process.

The third gear shift driving signal generator is the Tg ' that has increased on the basis of second kind of gear shift driving signal generator in the triode amplifier (Figure 11 .2), with the Control of Voltage triode Tg ' of relay coil Xg by or saturated, the conducting of control relay Yg and ending, with the Xg1 among normally opened contact Yg1 (not drawing) replacement Figure 11 .3 of relay Yg, with the Xc1 among normally opened contact Yc1 (not drawing) replacement Figure 11 .3 of relay Yc, working principle is identical with second kind of gear shift driving signal generator.

First kind of gear shift driving signal generator is to adopt microcomputer control circuit (as the PLC circuit).Among Figure 11 .4, input end X1～X7 of PLC imports gearshift actuating signal Va～Vg respectively, input end X0 input gearshift actuating signal Vh;

The soft completing place switch that closes of Pad-a shelves or d shelves; The soft completing place switch that closes of Pbe-b shelves or e shelves; The soft completing place switch that closes of Pcf-c shelves or f shelves; The soft completing place switch that closes of Pgh-g shelves or h shelves; Whenever these 4 switch in parallel become the soft completing place main switch P point that closes, and from X11 input, the circuit of 5 groups of 4 switch in parallel are arranged, though be 4 switch in parallel, every group at most with regard to a switch on, so can not clash.Qad-a shelves or d shelves are got back to the point midway switch; Qbe-b shelves or e shelves are got back to the point midway switch; Qcf-c shelves or f shelves are got back to the point midway switch; Qgh-g shelves or h shelves are got back to the point midway switch; These 4 switch in parallel become to get back to point midway main switch Q point, import from X12; The Qe-e shelves are in conjunction with the completing place switch; The Qf-f shelves are in conjunction with the completing place switch; The Qg-g shelves are in conjunction with the completing place switch; The Qh-h shelves are in conjunction with the completing place switch; These 4 switch in parallel become in conjunction with completing place main switch Qy point, import from X13; The Qa-a shelves are in conjunction with the completing place switch; The Qb-b shelves are in conjunction with the completing place switch; The Qc-c shelves are in conjunction with the completing place switch; The Qd-d shelves are in conjunction with the completing place switch; These 4 switch in parallel become in conjunction with completing place main switch Qz point, import from X14; Ja-a shelves rotating cycle counter SW; Jb-b shelves rotating cycle counter SW; Jc-c shelves rotating cycle counter SW; Jd-d shelves rotating cycle counter SW; These 4 switch in parallel become rotating cycle counter main switch J point, import from X15; KMad-advances a shelves or withdraws from d shelves drive signal relay coil; KMda-advances the d shelves or withdraws from a shelves drive signal relay coil; As advancing a grade object, second subscript is as the object that withdraws from gear with first subscript; Other 6 coils are analogized.

Figure 11 .5 is the ladder diagram of PLC, and the X3-c shelves start the shift signal input point; The X6-f shelves start the shift signal input point; Soft the closing of X12-finished the signal input point; X13-c shelves shift fork is the signal input point to the end; The X14-shift fork is got back to mid point signal input point; X15-f shelves shift fork is the signal input point to the end; M30-advances the total controlled relay of c shelves; M31-withdraws from the total controlled relay of c shelves; M32-is to the interlock relay of c shelves; The M33-M34-M35-M36-M37-c shelves are to the relay of other grade locking; The auxiliary relay of the M102-time relay; M103-c shelves shift fork is signal relay to the end; M104-c shelves and f shelves shift fork are to the mid point signal relay; M105-f shelves shift fork is signal relay to the end; M60-advances the total controlled relay of f shelves; M61-withdraws from the total controlled relay of f shelves; M62-is to the interlock relay of f shelves; The M67-f shelves are to the relay of other grade locking; Y3-advances the c shelves or withdraws from the relay of f shelves; Y6-advances the f shelves or withdraws from the relay of c shelves; The T2-time relay; Other gear of M07～M77-is to the contact of c shelves or the interlocking of f shelves; Bus numbering 1-12 is for carrying out the step, with (1) (2) (3) (4) expression.

Working principle: be example still with the c shelves, when Vc when 0 jumps to 1, the into c shelves of indicating, (6) X3 have come a pulse (rising edge triggering), → M30=1 and self-locking, (7) → Y3=1 (advancing the c shelves); Close when finishing when soft, (1) X12 receives the pulse that Pad sends, T2 pick up counting (K=30 represented timing 3 seconds) and M102=1 → (7) Y3=0; When (1) T2 timing then → M102=0 → (7) Y3=1 (continuing into c shelves); (2) when c shelves shift fork to the end X13 receive signal → M103=1 → (6) M30=0 → (7) Y3=0 that Qc sends (advance a grade process finish and stop);

(11) when M30=1 or M31=1 make Y3=1, other advance and retreat shelves of M37=1 → locking.

When Vc when 1 jumps to 0, indicate to withdraw from the c shelves; (9) → X3 come a pulse (trailing edge triggering), → M31=1 → (10) Y6=1 (withdrawing from the c shelves); (2) receive signal → M104=1 → (9) M31=1 → (10) Y6=0 (grade process of moving back is finished and stopped) that Qcf sends to mid point X14 when c shelves shift fork.

Description of drawings: (in each plan view, spring drum is a sectional view partly, and the spy illustrates in the lump)

Fig. 1 gathers type colligator schematic representation group, introduces as embodiment 4.Because the conforming needs of drawing reference numeral, the label of Fig. 1 .* is the most complete, so its accompanying drawing is placed on the foremost.

Fig. 1 .1 is for to gather type colligator plan view (wherein 1e to 1m is the label of its partial sectional view), and number in the figure has: axle in the 1A-; 1d-translation cover; The 1F-spring drum; 1e-spring drum rear end cover; 1E-rear end cover bearing; The clockwise overrunning clutch of 1G-; The clockwise spiral damping spring of 1g-; The counterclockwise overrunning clutch of 1H-; 1h-is counterclockwise spiral damping spring; Axle axle sleeve in the 1i-; 1j-spring drum front cover; 1J-front cover bearing; 1k-key (key or spline between interior axle and the axle sleeve); 1M-(internal gear type) spring moving gear; The soft quiet gear (1M and 1m are pair of engaged gears) that closes of 1m-(external tooth type); 1n-(external tooth type) closes moving gear firmly; 1N-(internal gear type) closes quiet gear (1n and 1N are pair of engaged gears) firmly; The quiet gear matrix of 1L-(1m and 1N are made on the 1L); The 1p-change gear; The outer axle bearing of 1q-; The 1Q-outer shaft; Axle pedestal in the 1y-; Axle pedestal sectional drawing in the 1Y-; ZXYD-moves axially device; DLJX-axially drives dynamic power machine (comprising motor, oil hydraulic pump); KZMK-(axially driving device) control module; CDJG-(axial driving force) driving mechanism; ZXYD+DLJX+KZMK+CDJG=ZXQD (axial drive means does not mark); The front-end face of the quiet gear matrix of AA-1L; BB-closes the front-end face of moving gear 1n firmly; CC-closes the ear end face of moving gear 1n firmly;

Fig. 1 .2 is clockwise buffer structure figure, the i.e. sectional drawing at damping spring 1g place.The connecting part of 1v-damping spring 1g and overrunning clutch 1G; The connecting part of 1w-damping spring and cylinder gear 1F; All be fixedly connected.

Fig. 1 .3 is for closing the sectional drawing that device gear 1n place eyes left firmly.

Fig. 1 .4 is for closing the sectional drawing that device internal-gear 1N place eyes right firmly.

From Fig. 1 .3 and Fig. 1 .4 as can be seen these two figure are pairings mutually, 1M matches mutually with 1m, 1n matches mutually with 1N; Outer axle key gear matrix 1L (in Fig. 1 .1) is as opening bottle cap left, the tooth 1m of outer circumferential walls is the soft device external tooth type key gear that closes, the tooth 1N of circumferential inner wall is for closing device internal gear type key gear firmly, 1L and power shift gear 1p are fixed on the outer shaft 1Q, axle 1A outside in outer shaft is supported in by between centers bearing 1q, the rotation status and the onrelevant of interior axle and outer shaft;

Claims (10)

1. damping spring formula colligator and electronic control speed variator system thereof, it is characterized in that: this colligator comprises a long interior axle, the outer outer shaft of interior axle by a weak point of bearing supporting, on interior axle and the outer shaft gear is arranged respectively, shaftgear and outer shaftgear in being called, these two gears match each other, and three matching relationships are arranged, and first is the engagement coupling, these of two gears are external tooths, one is internal tooth, sets one arbitrarily and is external tooth, and one of pairing is internal tooth just, after making these two gear engagement by axial driving, internal tooth just can entangle external tooth, is actually to have formed the spline connection, so this is to being called the key gear again below the gear; Second is to move axially coupling, wherein have a key direct geared to be installed in or by overrunning clutch be installed in can axially movable axle sleeve on, this axle sleeve adopts key to be connected with rotating shaft, rotate with rotating shaft, but can move axially, so this key gear can move axially under axial moving device drives, be referred to as moving gear, another key gear is at axial restraint, be referred to as quiet gear, before moving gear and the quiet gear engagement, interior axle and the not mutual transmitting torque of outer shaft, after the engagement, interior axle passes through the torque of key gear transmission with outer shaft; The 3rd is the buffering coupling, it is to be supported on the place axle by bearing that a key gear is arranged, this rotating shaft and this key gear be transmitting torque directly, between this rotating shaft and this key gear, install helical spring additional, just this helical spring transmitting torque can have been passed through, the transmittance process of this torque is to produce buffering as can be known, so this helical spring is called damping spring, this key gear is called gear of the spring, another key gear that is engaged with and place axle on rotation relationship for being rigidly connected, because it has also participated in soft combination, so be called the soft gear that closes, briefly, one is gear of the spring, and one is rigid gear;

The damping spring of gear of the spring has axial screw formula, radially spiral and multilayer multi-turn formula, for fear of making the damping spring steel wire power that is squeezed, need to adopt the overrunning clutch protection, the requirement of its installation direction only can be subjected to along the pulling force that drags for guaranteeing steel wire, can not be subjected to the extruding force on contrary top, a damping spring and an overrunning clutch that makes damping spring can suitable drag and avoid against the top constitute one pair " unidirectional damping spring "; Gear of the spring can produce buffering in engagement process, the impact force between internal tooth and the external tooth is weakened, and transmitting torque and produce the cohesive process that quickens and become gently between axle and the outer shaft in making, so claim that this damping device is " the soft device that closes "; If the soft gear of the spring that closes device is directly fixed on the axle sleeve, has then developed into and closed device firmly;

Drive moving gear by electronic controlled axial drive means, make it with quiet gear engagement with separate, the combination that has just realized interior axle and outer shaft with separate; The colligator that requires according to function comprises that the soft device, bidirectional buffering of closing of unidirectional buffering softly closes device, controlled unidirectional colligator, closes device and soft or hard colligator firmly; Axial drive means ZXQD comprises motor drive unit and fluid pressure drive device, and motor drive unit is made up of motor, control circuit and driving mechanism, and fluid pressure drive device is made up of fluid clutch, solenoid valve, control circuit and driving mechanism;

On the basis of colligator, can design automatically controlled speed variator system, speed changer for N gear, the N group change gear of driving shaft and driven shaft forms N no-load voltage ratio, all there are a change gear and colligator to link on every group of change gear, when needs are hung the K shelves, just the colligator of K shelves is set to bonding state, and the colligator of other grade is set to separate; All colligators are set to separate during neutral;

2. damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, its further feature is: one of structure of unidirectional damping spring is: the unidirectional damping spring of open type between overrunning clutch and buffering spring constitute, damping spring is installed between axle sleeve and gear of the spring or the spring drum, overrunning clutch is supported on spring drum or gear of the spring on the axle sleeve 1i and at axial restraint, damping spring is spaced apart with overrunning clutch and separates, and constitutes unidirectional buffering and adds unidirectional hard mould assembly colligator; If damping spring is removed, then developed into the automatically controlled overrunning clutch of anti-back skating.

3. damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, its further feature is: one of structure of unidirectional damping spring is: overrunning clutch and damping spring constitute the unidirectional damping spring of jointing type, the unidirectional damping spring of this jointing type is installed between axle sleeve and gear of the spring or the spring drum, constitutes unidirectional buffering and adds unidirectional idle running type colligator; If one pair of unidirectional damping spring of jointing type that rotation direction is opposite is installed again, has then been developed into the bidirectional buffering colligator.

4. damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, its further feature is: damping spring has axial screw formula, radially spiral and multilayer multi-turn formula; Definite principle of elasticity coefficient is: the amount of deformation of damping spring just reaches maximum in the time of at full capacity; Multilayer multi-turn formula damping spring can also adopt different elasticity coefficient, innermost layer elasticity coefficient minimum, and the impact force when helping reducing to mesh, outermost surface elasticity coefficient maximum helps the buffer time of extending.Definite principle of damping spring elasticity coefficient is: the amount of deformation of damping spring just reaches maximum in the time of at full capacity.

Impact force when further reducing engagement magnetizes to the top formula soft the closing on the key gear of pairing, determines that the principle of the size of magnetic force is: just holding mutually in a flash before engagement makes that two of engagement moments, soft to close the key gear static relatively.

5. damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, its further feature is: the gearbox in the speed variator system only adopts two main shafts, one is driving shaft ZD, total clutch RZL is connected to engine shaft by input end, change gear above the driving shaft is called driving gear, another root is driven shaft CD, by the total clutch CZL of output terminal to the wheel outputting power, change gear above the driven shaft is called driven gear, the driving gear and the driven gear of forward gears match in twos, suppose the speed changer that N-2 the gear that advances arranged, each N-2 of driving shaft and driven shaft gear matches in twos, form N-2 to gear, form N-2 no-load voltage ratio, a colligator is all arranged on every pair of gear, during neutral all colligators are broken away from, need which no-load voltage ratio just the colligator in that a pair of gear to be merged, only a pair of gear of need process just can be finished torque transfer and the transmission from the motor to the wheel; In order to simplify shift controller, colligator is relative in twos, with two colligators of an axial drive means control.

Respectively dispose a total binding device at gearbox power input end and power take-off, when gear shift, two total binding devices all are set to separate, be beneficial to reduce the impact force of gear colligator when gear shift;

Vehicle slip-down in order to prevent to go up a slope, the spy has set up automatically controlled overrunning clutch Lh gear, is called anti-coaster clutch shelves; During cruising, automatically controlled overrunning clutch Lh is set to " branch " state, equals it and does not exist; During last abrupt slope, automatically controlled overrunning clutch Lh is set to " closing " state, is exactly an overrunning clutch, and making vehicle to advance can not retreat;

6. damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, its further feature is: damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, and its further feature is: axial drive means ZXQD axially drives dynamic power machine DLJX+ control module KZMK+ driving mechanism CDJG and constitutes by moving axially device ZXYD+; One of axial drive means is the fork type axial drive means, axle 1A in its dynamic power machine driveshaft 9c and parallel bar 9e are parallel to, under the driving of dynamic power machine 9u, dynamic power machine driveshaft 9c can drive driving lever 9D drive parallel bar 9e and move, because the restriction of parallel bar guide rail 9G, parallel bar is merely able to move vertically, and driving lever and shift fork and parallel bar are for being rigidly connected, so shift fork 9b also is mobile vertically; For simplified apparatus, should adopt the axial driving device controls two cover colligators of a cover;

If dynamic power machine is a motor, then dynamic power machine driveshaft 9c is the thread type driveshaft, and driving loop bar 9d then is interior threaded hole 9C, the rotation of motor drives thread type driveshaft, make I.S.S drive loop bar 9d and shrink vertically that shift fork moves vertically;

If dynamic power machine is an oil hydraulic pump, then dynamic power machine driveshaft 9c is a hydraulic mandril, and shift fork moves vertically;

7. one of axial drive means is the axial driver of screw type, the outside of axle 1A in interior outer shaft sleeve screw rod 9j is bearing in by bearing,-axle moves driven wheel 9F and interior outer shaft sleeve screw rod 9j for fixedlying connected, when driven wheel 9F rotates, screw rod 9j can rotate in internal thread pedestal 9J and produce and move axially, promote damping device HCZZ and move axially, finish combination and separating action; Adopt a kind of screw rod of polygonal endoporus and fix with driving wheel, the section of square hole screw rod 9m as one piece ancient times copper coin, the outside circle, there is a polygonal endoporus centre, polygon shaft 9P in polygonal hole for being slidingly matched, motor 9U drives polygon shaft and rotates, polygon shaft drives the polygonal hole screw rod and rotates, and polygonal hole screw rod pedestal 9M is fixed in matrix, so the polygonal hole screw rod can move axially along with rotation, as long as calculate the diameter and the pitch of two screw rods, just can accomplish driving wheel and driven wheel same advance and retreat in axial displacement;

8. damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, its further feature is: controlling one of soft device that closes and close process firmly is the position switch control gear, when sending f shelves colligator combined command, the dynamic power machine shift fork moves to right, moving to right, it is soft fashionable to finish to colligator, the f shelves are soft to be closed induction point Pf and just in time arrives soft when closing position switch Pcf, send and suspend the right lateral instruction, relay timing starting time, outer shaft and interior axle rotation must be synchronous after several seconds, the time relay is restarted and is continued the right lateral instruction, f shelves colligator is finished firmly to be closed, at this moment shut down induction point Qcf ' and just in time reach right lateral position switch Qf to the end, send the dynamic power machine cutoff command, the scleroma process of closing is finished; When sending f shelves colligator separation command, the dynamic power machine shift fork moves to left, and moves to left when shutdown induction point Qcf ' just in time reaches middle position switch Qcf, sends the dynamic power machine cutoff command, and separation process is finished

A kind of is counter switch, detects rotary inductive point Ja by rotating cycle counter JA, can know the number of turns of motor rotation; Suppose from reset position and close to soft that the motor rotating cycle is N1 when finishing, the motor rotating cycle is N2 when finishing to closing firmly, so when rotating cycle equals N1, send the motor pause instruction, relay timing starting time, outer shaft and interior axle rotation must be synchronous after the several seconds, the time relay is restarted the continuation operating instruction, colligator is finished firmly closed, when rotating cycle equals N2, send the motor cutoff command; After sending separation command, when rotating cycle equals N2, send the motor cutoff command, separation process is finished;

9. damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, its further feature is: the threshold value comparator is a key modules, rotating speed current potential Ug be on the occasion of the time, through after potentiometer W1 and the W2 dividing potential drop, the V that obtains _W1And V _W2All be positive potential, logical relation is: engine speed rising → rotating speed current potential Ug rising → V _W1And V _W2Rise, make V when engine speed rises _W1＞V _D1The time, D1 is breakdown, triode T1 saturation conduction, and transformer L1 can send a positive pulse to the counting end CP+ that adds of forward-backward counter JSQ, and once adds counting, produces grade actuating signal, by subsequent conditioning circuit, finishes into shelves operation; In like manner, when rotating speed current potential Ug is negative value, after potentiometer W1 and W2 dividing potential drop, the V that obtains _W1And V _W2All be negative potential, logical relation is: engine speed decline → rotating speed current potential Ug decline → V _W1And V _W2Descend, make V when engine speed descends _W2＜V _D2The time, D2 is breakdown, triode T2 saturation conduction, and transformer L2 can send a positive pulse to the counting end CP-that subtracts of forward-backward counter JSQ, and once subtracts counting, produces and moves back a grade actuating signal, by subsequent conditioning circuit, finishes and moves back the shelves operation; Adjust W1 and W2 and can change partial pressure value V _W1And V _W2Thereby, change gear shifting rotational speed.

10. damping spring formula colligator according to claim 1 and electronic control speed variator system thereof, its further feature is: second kind of gear shift driving signal generator working principle: when needs are hung the c shelves, JMQ output Vc '=1 among Figure 11 .2, triode Tc saturation conduction, the electric current relay coil Sc that flows through from top to bottom, relay coil Sc energising, relay normally open contact Sc1 closure, normally-closed contact Sc2 disconnects, because T1, Kf3, Qc is closed, so c shelves contactor coil Kc energising, the normally opened contact Kc1 closure of contactor Kc, motor MD just changes, and the logical electricity once of time relay coil KTc breaks immediately, KTc1 and KTc2 are the logical contacts of disconnected immediately time-delay, institute is so that c shelves contactor coil Kc cuts off the power supply immediately, and the time-delay energising is after Qc disconnects, c shelves contactor coil Kc outage is hung c shelves process and is finished.Other gear engage a gear process is similar;

When needs withdraw from the c shelves, the output of JMQ among Figure 11 .2, Vc ' can jump to 0 from 1, triode Tc ends from saturated jumping to, stop coil Sc is powered, the principle that can not suddenly change according to electric current in the inductance, " inductive current " among the coil Sc can only be diminishing gradually as can be known, and direction remains from top to bottom, sets up loop a: Sc for " inductive current " among the coil Sc, relay coil Xc, diode Dc, current direction is: Sc from top to bottom → Xc → Dc → Sc, relay coil Xc obtains an of short duration electric current, and the normally opened contact Xc1 among the relay Xc will of short durationly connect, after the contactor coil Kf energising, normally opened contact Kf2 connects, keep the "on" position of coil Kf, form self-locking, simultaneously, Kf1 connects, motor MD counter-rotating,, normally-closed contact Qcf1 and Qcf2 among Figure 11 .3 can disconnect, coil Kf outage is withdrawed from c shelves process and is finished.It is similar that other gear moves back grade process.

Images