CN102268536B - Rapid reduction roasting furnace for red mud and roasting method suitable for same - Google Patents
Rapid reduction roasting furnace for red mud and roasting method suitable for same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102268536B CN102268536B CN 201110235231 CN201110235231A CN102268536B CN 102268536 B CN102268536 B CN 102268536B CN 201110235231 CN201110235231 CN 201110235231 CN 201110235231 A CN201110235231 A CN 201110235231A CN 102268536 B CN102268536 B CN 102268536B
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid reduction roasting furnace for red mud and a roasting method suitable for the same. The roasting furnace is composed of a heat insulation bucket, a revolving drum, a warming system, a temperature measuring and controlling system and an engine base part, wherein the heat insulation bucket is composed of an inner bucket and an outer bucket; an insulating material is filled between the inner bucket and the outer bucket so as to constitute a heat insulation layer; three holes are drifted on the heat insulation bucket at equal distances, wherein two of holes are used by the warming system, and the middle hole is used by the temperature measuring and controlling system; and the spot welding of the revolving drum is fixed on 8-12 steel rods, the steel rods are of long cylindrical shapes at the periphery of the revolving drum, the two ends of the steel rods are fixed on a first drum and a second drum, and angle steels which are ranked in a spiral line shape are welded in the revolving drum. By using the furnace, the roasting time is just 3-5 minutes when powdery minerals are subjected to reduction roasting; and when the temperature is 570 DEG C+/-30 DEG C, the fuel consumption is just 10-30% of that of a general roasting furnace.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metallurgical equipment, particularly a kind of red mud fast restore stoving oven and roasting method thereof.
Background technology
Red mud also claims red soil, refines the industrial solid wastes of discharging behind the aluminum oxide from bauxite.It is large generally to contain the ferric oxide amount, and outward appearance is similar to redness of the skin or complexion earth, thereby gains the name.But have ferric oxide is less to be brown because containing, even canescence.Aluminium content is high in the bauxite, adopts the bayer's process aluminium metallurgy, and the red mud that produces claims Bayer process red mud; Aluminium content is low in the bauxite, and with sintering process or with sintering process and bayer's process associating aluminium metallurgy, the red mud that produces is called red mud from sintering process or integrated process red mud.
Red mud is the solid waste that produces in take bauxite as the raw material production alumina process, and 1 ton of aluminum oxide of every production approximately produces 0.8～1.5 ton of red mud.About 7,000 ten thousand tons of the annual red mud that produces in the whole world, China is alumina producing big country, the red mud that produced last year is above 3,000 ten thousand tons, present comprehensive utilization ratio only is 4%, and the accumulation volume of cargo in storage reaches 200,000,000 tons, will spend about 50 yuan of storage expense every year per ton, a large amount of red muds can not fully effectively utilize, can only rely on large-area stockyard to stack, not only take a large amount of soils, and environment has been caused serious pollution.The generation of a large amount of red muds causes directly many-sided and indirectly impact on the mankind's production, life, so reduce to greatest extent output and the harm of red mud, realization by all kinds of means, the resource utilization of quantity is extremely urgent greatly.
To the comprehensive utilization of red mud, mainly carry out the work around two aspects at present: the one, extract the useful component in the red mud, reclaim valuable metal; The 2nd, with the raw material of red mud as large material, integral body is fully utilized.And the valuable metal in the extraction red mud carries out integral body utilization again, should be the basic direction that red mud utilizes.At present China's red mud drops into industrial applicability is that integral body with red mud is utilized as the master, but has carried out many researchs of extracting metallic element from red mud.
Because red mud has strong basicity, granularity is little, and granularity accounts for 80% less than the ore particle of 0.05mm, and its comprehensive utilization difficulty is much larger than other industrial residues.Want to reclaim wherein valuable element, turn waste into wealth, difficulty is larger, lacks at present the method for less energy-consumption high-recovery, mainly contains following reason:
The one, reclaim valuable element from red mud, at first to reclaim iron ore, directly high intensity magnetic separation is the method for low consumption, but the rate of recovery is low, namely uses 1000～1500 Gausses, the magnetic separator of the magneticstrength of 1～1.5T.Also can only obtain the iron ore rate of recovery 20%.Because ore particle is thin, and water is contrary magneticmedium, unless use super-high magnetic field intensity, such as superconducting magnetic separator 10
5Gauss could reclaim, but unrealistic.
The 2nd, use reducing roasting---magnetic method.Existing stoving oven has shaft furnace, rotary kiln, fluidizing furnace, continuous tunnel furnace and multilayer machine furnace etc., is used for the ore of the different dynamics of roasting, and roasting time is long, and production cost is high, roasting time needs 10～100 minutes, and the roasting time formula:
Wherein:
T-represents roasting time minute,
D-gas velocity (m/h),
P-reductive agent partial pressure (normal atmosphere),
K---roasting process temperature factor,
C, b two coefficients depend on ore properties,
R-ore particle radius (millimeter)
From formula, find out the long roasting superfine particle ore that is unsuitable for of roasting.And during temperature＞700 ℃:
Fe
3O
4+CO＝3FeO+CO
2
At this moment, magnetite is crossed and is reduced into ferrous iron, loses magnetism.Iron recovery will reduce, and these stoves are not suitable as the red mud reducing roasting.
The 3rd, the bad control of present stoving oven reducing atmosphere.Contain the alkali salt composition in the red mud, easily lump in the roasting process, and explosive when producing too much CO, reducing atmosphere is too much or very few all bad, current stoving oven is because without gas and temperature controllable device, so be not suitable for the low-temperature reduction baking red mud, so current western countries and Russian with present stoving oven, adopting high temperature, high energy consumption production granulated iron or half granulated iron is successfully.As seen from the above analysis, it is necessary creating low temperature red mud fast restore stoving oven.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of red mud fast restore stoving oven and roasting method thereof, roasting time only needs 3～5 minutes.When temperature was 570 ℃ ± 30 ℃, fuel consumption only had 10～30% of general stoving oven.
The present invention achieves the above object by the following technical programs: a kind of red mud fast restore stoving oven, consisted of by heat-preservation cylinder, rotating cylinder, heating system, observing and controlling temperature system and support component, and concrete structure is:
Described heat-preservation cylinder is made of inner core and urceolus, secretion between inner core and the urceolus has lagging material to consist of thermal insulation layer, is drilled with three holes apart from the length symmetry in that heat-preservation cylinder is first-class, and it is that heating system is used that two holes are wherein arranged, interstitial hole is observing and controlling temperature system usefulness, and heat-preservation cylinder is installed on the support.
Described rotating cylinder spot welding is fixed on 8～12 rod irons, and rod iron is a long tubular in the rotating cylinder periphery, and the rod iron two ends are fixed on the first rotary drum and the second rotary drum, are welded with the angle steel that is spiral yarn shaped arrangement in the rotating cylinder.
Described red mud fast restore stoving oven divides the preroasting section, reducing roasting section, vexed ore deposit section.
Wherein half is to be fixed on the rotary drum to described rod iron, and second half rod iron is for being movably connected on the rotary drum.
The weighting material of heat-preservation cylinder is high temperature resistant refractory brick or asbestos.
A kind of roasting method that is suitable for red mud fast restore stoving oven is characterized in that the method comprises the steps:
(1) raw material is prepared:
Raw material is red mud, and the red mud composition contains (wt%) Fe
2O
324～30%, TiO 4～6%, Al
2O
314～17 %, granularity accounts for 80% less than the ore particle of 0.05mm,
Described raw material stoving to moisture content 3～5wt%, is pulverized, screening, screening obtains the powder of granularity＜2mm, adds the reductive agent of 3～5wt%, and fully mixing obtains the mixing material,
(2) described mixing material is added in the screw sealing feeder, send in the rotating cylinder, reducing roasting section temperature is controlled in 570 ℃ ± 30 ℃ and added thermal bake-out 3～5 minutes, under the screw drives of the angle steel that is spiral yarn shaped arrangement of ore in rotating cylinder, from the preroasting section, reducing roasting section, vexed ore deposit section, finish reducing roasting process, be reduced into Fe
3O
4Grog,
(3) described grog is sent in the sealed cistern, got final product with water cooling.
Described reductive agent is that charcoal and sugar are burnt, or coal dust and waste sludge from paper mill, or one or more of coke powder, and described sugared Jiao is the cane sugar manufacture waste residue.
Principle of work and the process of described red mud fast restore stoving oven are:
Will be through oven dry, pulverizing, screening obtains the raw material of granularity＜2mm, behind adding solid reductant 3～5wt% mixing, adds in the screw sealing feeder, send in the rotating cylinder, reducing roasting section temperature is controlled in 570 ℃ ± 30 ℃ and added thermal bake-out 3～5 minutes, under the screw drives of the angle steel that is spiral yarn shaped arrangement of ore in rotating cylinder, seethes up and down and advances, from the preroasting section, the reducing roasting section, vexed ore deposit section is finished reducing roasting process.Fe
2O
3Be reduced into Fe
3O
4, send in the sealed cistern, get final product with water cooling.
Outstanding advantages of the present invention is:
1, when the reducing roasting fine ore, compare with existing roasting technology, adopt roasting time of the present invention only to need 3～5 minutes.When temperature was 570 ℃ ± 30 ℃, fuel consumption only had 10～30% of general stoving oven.
2, adopting temperature is 570 ℃ ± 30 ℃ low-temperature reduction roasting, and the ore after the roasting is loose condition (of surface), does not lump, and carries out easily separating of valuable mineral and gangue.
Be specially adapted to the processing of the discarded red mud of aluminium metallurgy process generation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of red mud fast restore stoving oven of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of red mud fast restore stoving oven of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of red mud fast restore stoving oven of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the right sectional view of red mud fast restore stoving oven of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with technology formation and the principle of drawings and Examples to invention.
Contrast Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, red mud fast restore stoving oven of the present invention, by heat-preservation cylinder 6, rotating cylinder 7, the first heating system 81, the second heating system 82, support 10, screw sealing feeder 11, the second bearing support 12, the first rotary drum 13, rod iron 14, angle steel 15, the second rotary drum 16, sealing radiator 1, step-down gear 2, clutch shaft bearing seat 3, master wheel 4 and pinion(gear) 5 parts consist of.
Its concrete structure is:
Described heat-preservation cylinder 6 is made of inner core and urceolus, secretion between inner core and the urceolus has lagging material to consist of thermal insulation layer, be drilled with three holes apart from the length symmetry in that heat-preservation cylinder 6 is first-class, it is the first heating system 81 and the second heating system 82 usefulness that two holes are wherein arranged, interstitial hole is detection temperature system 9 usefulness, and heat-preservation cylinder 6 is installed on the support 10.
Described rotating cylinder 7 spot welding are fixed on 8～12 rod irons 14, and rod iron 14 is a long tubular to be arranged in rotating cylinder 7 peripheries, and rod iron 14 two ends are fixed on the first rotary drum 13 and the second rotary drum 16, are welded with the angle steel 15 that is spiral yarn shaped arrangement in the rotating cylinder 7.Rotating cylinder 7 is inserted in the heat-preservation cylinder 6.After starting stoving oven step-down gear 2, drive the first rotary drum 13 and the second rotary drum 16 by pinion(gear) 5 transmission master wheels 4, the first rotary drum 13 and the second rotary drum 16 rotate under the supporting of clutch shaft bearing seat 3 and the 2 12 bearing support, and at this moment the ore in the rotating cylinder 7 is just seething up and down and advancing through preroasting section, firing section and stewing ore deposit section.When ore when preroasting section and firing section enter stewing section termination, ore deposit because rotating cylinder 7 open-endeds, ore just drops in the sealing radiator 1, roasting process is finished.
Described red mud fast restore stoving oven divides the preroasting section, reducing roasting section, vexed ore deposit section.Each segment length is decided according to ore properties.
Wherein half is to be fixed on the rotary drum to described rod iron, and second half rod iron is for being movably connected on the rotary drum.
The weighting material of heat-preservation cylinder is high temperature resistant refractory brick or asbestos.
Described screw sealing feeder 11 is directly inserted in the first rotary drum 13, and spiral case and bearing support connect into sealed state.Enter in the rotating cylinder 7 by driving screw sealing feeder 11 continuous feeds.
The product temperature of roasting still has 200～300 ℃, this moment is immediately cooling not, if be exposed in the air then very fast oxidized, thereby reduction magnetic, so be provided with sealing radiator 1, be connected with heat-preservation cylinder 6 product that can make roasting of sealing radiator 1 falls into sealing radiator and cools off, and water tank constantly adds water, the product of roasting flows out from water tank, sorts between magnetic separation.
Embodiment
Adopt red mud fast restore stoving oven of the present invention and roasting method thereof that the red mud of Guangxi aluminium manufacturer has been carried out roasting test.
Raw material: the red mud composition contains (wt%) Fe
2O
324～30%, TiO 4～6%, Al
2O
314～17%, granularity accounts for 80% less than the ore particle of 0.05mm.
Described raw material process is dried to moisture content 3～5%, pulverize, screening, screening obtains the fine ore of granularity＜2mm, after adding the abundant mixing of solid reductant 3～5wt%, add in the screw sealing feeder 11, send in the rotating cylinder 7, rotating cylinder 7 interior reducing roasting section temperature are controlled in 570 ℃ ± 30 ℃ and added thermal bake-out 3～5 minutes, under the screw drives of the angle steel that is spiral yarn shaped arrangement of fine ore in rotating cylinder, seethe up and down and advance, from the preroasting section, the reducing roasting section, vexed ore deposit section is finished reducing roasting process.Fe
2O
3Be reduced into Fe
3O
4, send in the sealed cistern, get final product with water cooling.
Described reductive agent is that charcoal and sugar are burnt, or coal dust and waste sludge from paper mill, or in the coke powder one or more, and described sugared Jiao is the cane sugar manufacture waste residue.
Reductive agent adds theoretical amount and calculates by following reaction formula:
3Fe
2O
3+C＝2Fe
3O
4+CO
3Fe
2O
3+CO＝2Fe
3O
4+CO
2
Find out that from formula adding reduction dosage can not be too much, add reduction dosage and too much can produce excessive CO, set off an explosion.Excess Temperature just makes Fe
3O
4+ CO=3FeO+CO
2Became and reduced, magnetic can go down, and is unfavorable for next step magnetic separation.
Table 1 example has gone out the impact of roasting time on the fine ore reduction ratio.
Table 1 roasting time is on the impact of fine ore reduction ratio
Can find out from the testing data of table 1, be 570 ℃ at maturing temperature, roasting time 3～5 minutes, and the iron ore reduction rate in the red mud is higher.
Outstanding contributions of the present invention are: compare with existing stoving oven, and shaft furnace, rotary kiln, fluidizing furnace, continuous tunnel furnace, the multilayer machine furnace all is the roasting massive ore, and the recovery time is long, and temperature is high.And existing stoving oven do not have to heat environment and reducing environment seals separately and carries out, but is reduced into granulated iron or half granulated iron shape passes through Mineral separation iron and slag again under high temperature, long-time state.Environment and reducing environment do not seal separately and carry out owing to have to heat, and are difficult to therefore guarantee that ore carries out in reducing atmosphere.And for superfine dust ore, must guarantee in reducing atmosphere, to carry out under the quick roasting condition of low temperature, fine ore is added seal behind the reductive agent and heat, it is reduced at short notice, under sealed state, cool off immediately again outstanding contributions of the present invention that Here it is.
Of the present invention heating carried out under each comfortable air-proof condition with reducing, and many methods can be arranged:
(1) interrupter method: fill breeze with container, add under the condition of heating outside behind 3～5% reductive agent mixings and heat to 570 ℃ ± 30 ℃, just finish after 3～5 minutes.Then stop to heat, take out from container the good ore of reduction.
(2) continuous processing: fill simultaneously fine ore and reductive agent, after installing fine ore sealing, carry out reducing roasting, draw off roasting ore charge and fall into tank and cool off, in empty receptacle, fill again second circulation carrying out roasting after fine ore seals, become the streamline of closo automatization.
(3) be that heat environment and reducing roasting environment are carried out under sealed state respectively.
Claims (3)
1. a red mud fast restore stoving oven is characterized in that, this stove is made of heat-preservation cylinder, rotating cylinder, heating system, observing and controlling temperature system and support component, and concrete structure and mode of connection are:
Described heat-preservation cylinder is made of inner core and urceolus, and the secretion between inner core and the urceolus has lagging material to consist of thermal insulation layer, is drilled with three holes apart from the length symmetry in that heat-preservation cylinder is first-class, it is that heating system is used that two holes are wherein arranged, interstitial hole is observing and controlling temperature system usefulness, and heat-preservation cylinder is installed on the support
Described rotating cylinder spot welding is fixed on 8～12 rod irons, and rod iron is a long tubular in the rotating cylinder periphery, and the rod iron two ends are fixed on the first rotary drum and the second rotary drum, are welded with the angle steel that is spiral yarn shaped arrangement in the rotating cylinder,
Described red mud fast restore stoving oven divides the preroasting section, reducing roasting section, vexed ore deposit section.
2. red mud fast restore stoving oven according to claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein half is to be fixed on the rotary drum to described rod iron, and second half rod iron is for being movably connected on the rotary drum.
3. a roasting method that is suitable for the described red mud fast restore of claim 1 stoving oven is characterized in that the method comprises the steps:
(1) raw material is prepared:
Raw material is red mud, and the red mud composition contains wt%:Fe
2O
324～30%, TiO
24～6%, Al
2O
314～17%, granularity accounts for 80% less than the ore particle of 0.05mm,
Described raw material stoving to moisture content 3～5wt%, is pulverized, screening, screening obtains the powder of granularity＜2mm, adds the abundant mixing of reductive agent 3～5wt%, obtains the mixing material,
(2) described mixing material is added in the screw sealing feeder, send in the rotating cylinder, temperature is controlled in 570 ℃ ± 30 ℃ and added thermal bake-out 3～5 minutes, under the screw drives of the angle steel that is spiral yarn shaped arrangement of ore in rotating cylinder, from the preroasting section, reducing roasting section, vexed ore deposit section, finish reducing roasting process, be reduced into Fe
3O
4Grog,
(3) described grog is sent in the sealed cistern, is got final product with water cooling,
Described reductive agent is that charcoal and sugar are burnt, or coal dust and waste sludge from paper mill, or one or more of coke powder, and described sugared Jiao is the cane sugar manufacture waste residue.
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| CN102268536B true CN102268536B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103276193B (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-07-08 | 山东鲁铭高温材料科技有限公司 | Method and device for preparing powdered iron through magnetizing low-iron red mud |
| CN104988322B (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2018-01-02 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The integrated conduct method of red mud and slag |
| CN106702141B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-03-13 | 山东盛荣新材料有限公司 | A kind of method that red ferrimanganic aluminium composite material is prepared using red mud |
| CN110734238B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-04-20 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for synergistically recovering red mud and desulfurized fly ash, filler, cementing material and preparation method |
| CN111874916B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-10-26 | 温州医科大学 | Integrative device of calcination dispersion is used in preparation of nanometer silica powder |
| CN116753712B (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-10-20 | 山西大地民基生态环境股份有限公司 | Mixed powder treatment device for recycling red mud |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101121959A (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2008-02-13 | 太原理工大学 | Microwave roasting dry type wind magnetic selection method for hematite powder |
| CN101624647A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-13 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Pellet roasting production technology recycling residual heat and system thereof |
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2011
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101121959A (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2008-02-13 | 太原理工大学 | Microwave roasting dry type wind magnetic selection method for hematite powder |
| CN101624647A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-13 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Pellet roasting production technology recycling residual heat and system thereof |
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