CN102260030B - Household high-efficiency biogas digester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a household high-efficiency biogas digester. Conventional biogas digesters have the defects that anaerobic sludge activity is lacking, and short liquid flow, temperature difference and crusting phenomena exist in the material liquid, the digestion rate is low, waste and discarded digesters are easily caused by poor management, poisoning, death and accidents easily emerge during maintenance and the like. In the household high-efficiency biogas digester provided by the invention, a pretreatment tank is connected with a feeding hopper through a material pumping pipe; the feeding hopper is connected with a solid-liquid separator through a material feeding pipe; heavy solids in the material liquid of the solid-liquid separator are collected at the bottom center of the separator and then discharged into a slag outflow tank through a slag discharge pipe under the control of a slag discharge valve; and other scientific methods are utilized, thereby full automatic material feeding and discharging are achieved, sufficient contact mass transfer of the materials is realized, the aggregation and formation of granular sludge is facilitated, the characteristics of activated granular sludge are retained in each reaction zone, raw materials are fully utilized and degraded, the efficiency is high, the biogas yield is high, the management is easy and the materials are best utilized.

Description

The residents high efficient marsh gas tank

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of methane-generating pit, relate in particular to the residents high efficient marsh gas tank of the engineering of collection biology, chemistry and an environment-friendly type.

Background technology

Conventional methane-generating pit anaerobic digestion reaction and solid-liquid separation realize that in the same area volume is big, and be simple in structure, but lack activity of anaerobic sludge; Be difficult to keep a large amount of microorganism cellss, feed liquid exists short stream, the temperature difference, crust phenomenon, and is inhomogeneous insufficient with contacting of mikrobe; Raw material can not make full use of and degrade, and new and old feed liquid is mixed entirely, do not stir layering is just arranged, short stream, the temperature difference, crust phenomenon; Digestibility is low, and the little efficient of gas production rate is low, is difficult to accumulate high concentration organic microbe granular mud; Input and output material management is more numerous difficult, and mismanagement is prone to cause abandons useless pond, pond, all drawbacks such as maintenance is prone to be poisoned to death, security incident.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to above-mentioned deficiency, adopt a kind of scientific approach, make input and output material full-automatic, and press the priority of feed time; Following current gets into the anaerobic reactions at different levels district of back, makes the material contact mass transfer abundant, is convenient to the gathering and the formation of granule sludge; The anaerobic reaction one-level connects one-level, and raw material is fully used and is degraded, no latch up phenomenon; Convenient management, stable, effectively avoided the phenomenons such as short stream, layering, the temperature difference and crust of conventional methane-generating pit.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:

Pretreatment pool is through pumping material pipe coupling hopper, and hopper connects solid-liquid separator by feed-pipe, and the center entered out slag bath by the control of scum pipe residual cake valve at the bottom of heavy solids compiled separator in the feed liquid of solid-liquid separator; Be prone to degraded and get into the dirty mixing tank of material, expect that dirty mixing tank crosses flow-guiding mouth and connect anaerobism 31 districts with suspended substance, anaerobism 31 district's feed liquids fall flow to bottom; Cross flow-guiding mouth and get into anaerobic zone, the anaerobic zone feed liquid is crossed flow-guiding mouth and is got into anaerobic zone to upwelling; Repeat this process, until getting into anaerobism 38 districts, anaerobism 31 districts to anaerobism 38 districts all connect each other; Feed liquid flows to: 31,33,35,37 districts are for falling stream, and 32,34,36,38 districts are up-flow; Anaerobism 38 districts flow-guiding mouth connect the gas hood groove, the gas hood groove connects liquid storing pool through tubing, liquid storing pool connects pretreatment pool through the tubing fluid-delivery valve, pretreatment pool connects slag bath through the scum pipe residual cake valve.

Pretreatment pool, solid-liquid separator, liquid storing pool are cylindrical, and the bottom is conical.

The chute that every an angle of 90 degrees installation one vertical slide plate of gas hood and biogas bay wall are installed is supporting; The gas hood top margin is installed the pressure regulation counterbalance weight along every an angle of 90 degrees.

Pretreatment pool connects hopper through pump, and hopper is through the pipe connection solid-liquid separator, and solid-liquid separator connects the dirty mixing tank of material; Expect that dirty mixing tank connects anaerobism 31 districts, 31 to 38 districts after this are connection each other all, 38 districts flow-guiding mouth connection gas hood groove; The gas hood groove connects liquid storing pool, and liquid storing pool connects slag bath and pretreatment pool, sewage; After the dirty pre-treatment of circle lavatory excrement, adopt electronic automatic controller control to press the setting range s-f. by pump, long-time running is stable.Make input and output material full-automatic, and press the priority of feed time, following current gets into each anaerobic reaction district of back, makes the material contact mass transfer abundant, is convenient to the gathering and the formation of granule sludge.Each reaction zone all has holds the characteristic of staying active particle mud, and raw material is fully used and is degraded, and efficient is high, and aerogenesis is many, and convenient management is made the best use of everything, and has avoided all drawbacks such as short stream, crust and security incident of conventional methane-generating pit feed liquid, and long-time running is stable.Be friendly environment society, let the more rural area and the cities and towns people use the high-quality clean energy to establish good basis.

Pretreatment pool, methane-generating pit, gas hood groove and liquid storing pool etc. are cylindrical, under the circumference flow action, are convenient to collect dirt, discharging pollution.Its operation scheme: after family's residue sewage, circle lavatory excrement dirt at first get into pretreatment pool and carry out pre-treatment, be lifted into hopper, get into solid-liquid separator through piping by pump.In solid-liquid separator: the center was discharged by pipeline and valve control at the bottom of heavy solids compiled separator; Be prone to the dirty mixing tank of degradation product punishment in advance and get into anaerobism 31 districts (falling stream), 32 districts (up-flow), 33,35,37 districts thereafter are for falling stream, and 34,36,38 districts are up-flow.With this plug-flow operation district by district, stay a large amount of active particle mud to hold, make the abundant contact mass transfer of material, efficient height, stable, until accomplishing whole anaerobic reaction processes.Gas hood goes up and down with the size of biogas amount in groove.Natural pond liquid gets into 30 degree angles from the bottom through the edge, middle part of pipeline introducing liquid storing pool in the gas hood groove.This natural pond flow is to there being three: one, pool bottom sludge refluxes mud through pipeline and valve control introducing pretreatment pool; Two, surplus liquid overflows into out slag bath from overflow groove and mixes with the natural pond slag that to do farming fertile; Three, connect a pipeline and valve and feed lavatory, the dirt of colony house flushing excrement, this excrement dirt inserts pretreatment pool through pipeline again and replenishes raw material, and the pre-treatment feed liquid is sent into hopper again by pump.Move in circles thus, constantly for methane-generating pit provides sufficient raw material, steady running throughout the year.

The present invention combines pretreatment pool, methane-generating pit, air storage facility, liquid storing pool, mud backflow etc. together, make aesthetic in appearance, convenient management, stable.The charging of slagging tap that has discarded conventional methane-generating pit numerous and diverse operation such as reload has alleviated labour intensity and security incident, simple in structure: load onto traverse baffle in the methane-generating pit.Easy to use, though the water pump feeding is arranged, be to control automatically entirely, promptly in pretreatment pool, be provided with the water level wire by electronic automatic controller control, promptly take out to high-water line, promptly stop to low-water line.The operation of not choosing, time saving and energy saving, extensive management.If can utilize the solar energy greenhouse insulation winter, can use gas by efficient throughout the year aerogenesis.Exempted conventional methane-generating pit mismanagement drawback such as useless pond at once.The chute that every an angle of 90 degrees installation one vertical slide plate of gas hood and biogas bay wall are installed is supporting, moves up and down to stablize gas hood, and the gas hood top margin is equipped with the pressure regulation counterbalance weight along every an angle of 90 degrees and regulates pressure, so that gas hood keeps equilibrium pressure constant.

The making of methane-generating pit is divided into two types: one type of employing material of construction commonly used adds prefabricated components and builds voluntarily; Produce the methane-generating pit finished product by factory in batches with the duroplasts typing for two types and sell, specification can be between

.One type is applicable to the rural area.Rural area, two types of cities and towns is all very suitable.Particularly the finished product of batch production production is quick and easy for installation, stable performance, and development prospect is wide.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done to detail further:

Fig. 1 is a floor map of the present invention

Fig. 2 is Figure 1A-A sectional view

Fig. 3 is a flow-guiding mouth structure enlarged diagram

Embodiment

The anaerobic treatment process: family's residue sewage, circle lavatory excrement dirt are gone into pretreatment pool 10 from feed chute 9; The feed liquid of pretreatment pool 10 is sent into hopper 11 by pump 54 feeding tubes 520; Pump 54 is equipped with two-position controller, and feed liquid makes pump 54 automatic start-stops in setting range, without manual operation.The feed liquid of hopper 11 is sent into solid-liquid separator 20 through feed-pipe 521, the feed liquid of solid-liquid separator 20: 532 controls of the heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin scum pipe 522 residual cake valves were discharged and are got into out slag bath 57 during heavy solids compiled at the bottom of the separator; Be prone to degradation product and suspended substance and get into and cross flow-guiding mouth 314 behind the dirty mixing tank 21 of material and the sludge blanket thorough mixing and get into anaerobism 31 districts, and fell bottom flowing to flow-guiding mouth 314 and go into anaerobism 32 districts to upwelling, up-flow to top is crossed flow-guiding mouth 314 and is gone into anaerobism 33 districts to katabatic drainage.After this 33,35,37 districts are for falling stream; 34,36,38 districts are up-flow, and natural pond liquid gets into gas hood groove 40 at 38 district's flow-guiding mouths 314, and the natural pond liquid of gas hood groove 40 is communicated with the edge, middle part of liquid storing pool 50 through tubing 523 from bottom land; Natural pond liquid gets into 30 degree angles, makes liquid form the circumference current.The feed liquid of liquid storing pool 50 flows to has three: one, pool bottom sludge gets into pretreatment pool 10 through 533 controls of tubing 523 fluid-delivery valves refluxes mud; Two, surplus liquid overflows into out slag bath 57 from overflow groove 51 through tubing 523 and mixes with the natural pond slag and do that organic farming is fertile uses or do other and handle and use; Three, feed lavatory, the dirt of colony house flushing excrement through 533 controls of tubing 523 fluid-delivery valves, this excrement dirt gets into pretreatment pools 10 through feed chute 9 again and replenishes raw material, and the pre-treatment feed liquid is sent into hopper 11 by pump 54 again, moves in circles thus, throughout the year operation.

The storage of biogas and application: the traverse baffle of methane-generating pit (pre-formed) divides two types: a kind of another kind is a traverse baffle 312,313 in order to cut off traverse baffle 311, and the plate end is provided with flow-guiding mouth 314, the position of flow-guiding mouth: up-flow falls stream following last.This routine methane-generating pit is installed one and is cut off traverse baffle, and seven traverse baffles that flow-guiding mouth is arranged are divided into 8 districts, force current downflow on the feed liquid orientation, until accomplishing whole Anaerobic processes.The biogas that anaerobism produced is stored in the gas hood 42 naturally.Gas hood available metal plate or plastic plate are made.Per 90 degree of cover inwall are installed a vertical slide plate 45, and supporting with the chute 44 that methane-generating pit exterior wall 30 is installed, the every an angle of 90 degrees in gas hood top is provided with pressure regulation counterbalance weight 43 and regulates pressure, makes the gas hood balance, constant pressure.Gas hood goes up and down thereupon during the increase and decrease of biogas amount.Biogas is inserted by pneumatic tube 524 and uses point, and on pneumatic tube 524, devulcanizer 56 desulfurization is installed, and biogas pressure table 55 is kept watch on its pressure.

Claims (3)

1. residents high efficient marsh gas tank; It is characterized in that: pretreatment pool (10) connects hopper (11) through pump (54), feeding tube (520); Hopper (11) connects solid-liquid separator (20) by feed-pipe (521), and the center entered out slag bath (57) by scum pipe (522), residual cake valve (532) control at the bottom of heavy solids compiled separator in the feed liquid of solid-liquid separator (20); Be prone to degradation product and suspended substance and get into material dirty mixing tank (21); Expect dirty mixing tank (21) flow-guiding mouth (314) connection first anaerobic zone (31) excessively; First anaerobic zone (31) feed liquid is fallen and is flow to the bottom, crosses flow-guiding mouth (314) and gets into second anaerobic zone (32), and second anaerobic zone (32) feed liquid is to upwelling; Cross flow-guiding mouth (314) and get into the 3rd anaerobic zone (33); Repeat this process, until getting into the 8th anaerobic zone (38), first anaerobic zone (31) to the 8th anaerobic zone (38) all connects each other; Feed liquid flows to: first anaerobic zone (31), the 3rd anaerobic zone (33), the 5th anaerobic zone (35), the 7th anaerobic zone (37) are for falling stream, and second anaerobic zone (32), the 4th anaerobic zone (34), the 6th anaerobic zone (36), the 8th anaerobic zone (38) are up-flow; The 8th anaerobic zone (38) is crossed flow-guiding mouth (314) and is connected gas hood groove (40); Gas hood groove (40) connects liquid storing pool (50) through tubing (523); Liquid storing pool (50) connects pretreatment pool (10) through tubing (523), fluid-delivery valve (533), and pretreatment pool (10) connects slag bath (57) through scum pipe (522), residual cake valve (532).

2. residents high efficient marsh gas tank as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: pretreatment pool (10), solid-liquid separator (20), liquid storing pool (50) are cylindrical, and the bottom is conical.

3. residents high efficient marsh gas tank as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: it is supporting with the chute (44) of biogas bay wall (30) installation that the every an angle of 90 degrees of gas hood (42) is installed a vertical slide plate (45); The gas hood top margin is installed pressure regulation counterbalance weight (43) along every an angle of 90 degrees.

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