CN102255548B - Three-level half-bridge soft switching DC (direct current) converting circuit and method for suppressing midpoint drifting - Google Patents
Three-level half-bridge soft switching DC (direct current) converting circuit and method for suppressing midpoint drifting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-level half-bridge soft switching DC (direct current) converting circuit and a method for suppressing midpoint drifting. In the circuit, a switching converter is connected with a midpoint in a capacitance voltage division circuit by a bridging capacitor, thus midpoint currents causing the midpoint voltage to drift are accumulated on the bridging capacitor to form DC voltage quantity; and positive and negative working voltages at a transformer end are regulated in accordance with the accumulated voltage quantity on the bridging capacitor, so that the drifting quantity of the midpoint voltages are suppressed. In the three-level half-bridge soft switching DC converting circuit, the basic characteristics of a traditional three-level half-bridge soft switching circuit are reserved; the three-level half-bridge soft switching DC converting circuit can suppress the midpoint voltage drifting of input capacitance effectively, can ensure the smooth realization of lagged turning-off tube soft switching relative to a resonant inductor with less inductance and is low in the duty rate loss. The method has the advantages of low cost, high performance and high reliability.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to DC-AC translation circuit, a kind of method particularly relating to three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit and suppress three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit mid-point voltage to drift about.
[background technology]
Tradition three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit have topological structure simple, be easy to control, former limit switching tube can realize the advantages such as ZVS, circuit efficiency is high, EMI is little, is widely used in three-phase alternating current AC/DC power supply DC converting part.
Conventional P WM type three-level soft switch DC transfer circuit as shown in Figure 1.The switching tube clamp circuit of the switch brachium pontis that the capacitance partial pressure circuit of derided capacitors C1, C2 composition, switching tube Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are composed in series, switching tube clamping diode D1, D2 composition, the transformer primary edge clamp circuit of transformer clamping diode D3, D4 composition, the output circuit be composed in series by the primary coil of resonant inductance La, capacitance C3 and transformer T1.Switch brachium pontis comprises the upper brachium pontis of Q1 and Q2 series connection formation and the lower brachium pontis of Q3 and Q4 series connection formation, and one end of switching tube clamp circuit connects the mid point of brachium pontis, the mid point of brachium pontis under another termination.The mid point of one termination switch brachium pontis of output circuit, the mid point of another termination switching tube clamp circuit.The mid point of transformer primary edge clamp circuit connects the primary coil of transformer T1 and the tie point of resonant inductance.
For the PWM type tri-level circuit shown in Fig. 1, next switch periods breaker in middle pipe of ideal situation Q1, Q2 and Q3, Q4 alternate conduction, transformer T1 is bi-directional excitation, and its B-H loop symmetry is operated in a three-phase limitation; But in practical application, due to the discreteness of practical devices parameter, the impact such as asymmetry, control precision of layout, often there is magnetic biasing phenomenon in transformer T1, even causes transformer saturated, and derided capacitors C1, C2 mid-point voltage such as seriously to drift about at the integrity problem.
During converter heavy duty work, the existence of capacitance C3 can balance the power of front and back half period delivery well, thus suppresses magnetic biasing and mid-point voltage drift.But under underloading and idle condition, reduce, capacitance declines with primary current, and C3 is difficult to the asymmetric electric current that effectively suppresses D1, D2 branch road to bring C1, C2 mid point, converter operating unbalance can be aggravated.Although now duty is less, transformer T1 is not easy to occur saturated phenomenon, and the drift phenomenon of C1, C2 mid-point voltage can become very outstanding.
In order to the integrity problem that point drift in solving is brought, method common at present has: improve the withstand voltage allowance of C1, C2, detect the voltage difference of C1, C2 thus carry out duty ratio compensation, regulate C1, C2 load separately (dead load or accessory power supply feeder ear) etc.These measures often increase along with cost, conversion efficiency reduces, it is complicated to design.
[summary of the invention]
It is simple that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of structure, low cost, do not need additionally to control burden, effectively can suppress the method that three-level soft switch DC transfer circuit mid-point voltage drifts about.
It is simple that another technical problem that will solve of the present invention is to provide a kind of structure, low cost, do not need additionally to control burden, the three-level soft switch DC transfer circuit that can effectively suppress mid-point voltage to drift about.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of method of point drift during three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit suppresses, the switch change-over device of circuit is connected by the mid point of capacitance with capacitance partial pressure circuit, the mid point electric current causing mid-point voltage to drift about is accumulated on capacitance and forms direct voltage amount, rely on the voltage of capacitance accumulation, regulate the positive negative sense operating voltage of transformer terminal, the drift value of mid-point voltage is inhibited.
Realize a technical scheme for the three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit of said method, comprise the capacitance partial pressure circuit of 2 derided capacitors composition, the transformer primary edge clamp circuit of switch brachium pontis that capacitance, 4 switching tubes are composed in series, the switching tube clamp circuit of 2 switching tube clamping diode compositions, 2 transformer clamping diode compositions, the output circuit that is composed in series by resonant inductance and primary transformer coil; Described switch brachium pontis comprises brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis, and one end of described switching tube clamp circuit connects the mid point of brachium pontis, the mid point of brachium pontis under another termination; The mid point of one termination switch brachium pontis of described output circuit, the mid point of another termination switching tube clamp circuit, the mid point of described transformer primary edge clamp circuit connects the primary coil of transformer, the mid point of one termination capacitance partial pressure circuit of described capacitance, the mid point of another termination switching tube clamp circuit.
Above-described three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit, the capacitance of capacitance is less than the capacitance of derided capacitors.
Above-described three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit, the high-pressure side of a termination capacitance partial pressure circuit of transformer primary edge clamp circuit, the low-pressure end of another termination capacitance partial pressure circuit.
Above-described three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit, the mid point of described resonant inductance one termination transformer primary side clamp circuit, the mid point of another termination switch brachium pontis.
Above-described three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit, one end of transformer primary edge clamp circuit connects the mid point of brachium pontis, the mid point of brachium pontis under another termination.
Above-described three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit, comprises clamping impedance, and the mid point of transformer primary edge clamp circuit connects the primary coil of transformer by described clamping impedance.
Above-described three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit, comprises striding capacitance, and described striding capacitance is in parallel with switching tube clamp circuit.
Present invention preserves the fundamental characteristics of original traditional tri-level half-bridge soft switch circuit, input capacitance mid-point voltage can also be effectively suppressed to drift about, and the resonant inductance of relatively small sensible weight can ensure the smooth realization of delayed shutoff pipe Sofe Switch, duty-cycle loss is little, is the technical scheme of a kind of low cost, high-performance, high reliability.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of prior art PWM type three-level soft switch DC transfer circuit.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is equivalent electric circuit and the current circuit schematic diagram of pattern one-phase in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is equivalent electric circuit and the current circuit schematic diagram of pattern two-stage in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the triphasic equivalent electric circuit of pattern and current circuit schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 is equivalent electric circuit and the current circuit schematic diagram in pattern four stage in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 7 is equivalent electric circuit and the current circuit schematic diagram of pattern five-stage in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 8 is equivalent electric circuit and the current circuit schematic diagram in pattern six stage in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit embodiment 2 of the present invention.[embodiment]
The structure of embodiment 1 three level DC translation circuit is shown in Fig. 2, and capacitance C3 is directly connected with input derided capacitors C1, C2 mid point, and has C1=C2 > C3.From structure, the mid point electric current of any C1 of causing, C2 Voltage unbalance is bound to flow through C3.Be greater than C2 with C1 to the power of secondary delivery, it is example that circuit enters uneven operating state, and operating current net inflow C1, C2 can connect mid point, and the voltage of C1 can decline gradually, and the voltage of C2 can rise gradually, and mid-point voltage can produce certain drift.Consider that capacitance C3 capacity is less, the electric current that net inflow C1, C2 connect mid point can add up certain direct voltage fast on capacitance C3, thus makes circuit when entering new steady-working state, and the mid-point voltage drift of C1, C2 is effectively suppressed.
Following several typical modules according to Fig. 3-6 pairs of circuit workings are further analyzed:
Pattern one: energy delivery stage
As shown in Figure 3, switching tube Q1, Q2 conducting, transformer T1 former limit forward is excitatory.Identical with conventional P WM tri-level circuit, derided capacitors C1 transmits energy by transformer T1 to secondary.
Pattern two: advance pipe off-phases
As shown in Figure 4, when in switching tube Q1 turn off process, its junction capacitance is charged under the acting in conjunction of load current and resonant inductance La energy storage energy.Switching tube Q2 maintains conducting, and the junction capacitance of switching tube Q3, Q4 is discharged along with the charging of switching tube Q1 junction capacitance, the voltage maintaining whole series arm equal derided capacitors C1, C2 voltage and.When switching tube Q1 back-pressure is elevated to C1 and capacitance C3 voltage sum, the conducting of clamping diode D1 clamp.
Pattern three: resonant inductance freewheeling period
As shown in Figure 5, switching tube Q1 is by after clamping diode D1 Clamp Off, and resonant inductance La is by clamping diode D1, switching tube Q2 afterflow, and the descending slope of resonant inductance La is:
Wherein: V D1, V Q2, VZ are respectively the pressure drop that resonant inductance La freewheel current produces on clamping diode D1, switching tube Q2 and continuous current circuit impedance.
In the process, capacitance does not join the afterflow branch road of La, and the energy of La only has a few part to consume in clamping diode D1, switching tube Q2 and line impedance, and the descending slope of its freewheel current is very low.Before delayed like this pipe Q2 turns off, the energy of most resonant inductance La all keeps down.
Pattern four: delayed pipe off-phases
As shown in Figure 6, in switching tube Q2 turn off process, its junction capacitance is charged under the effect of resonant inductance La freewheel current, and the junction capacitance of switching tube Q3, Q4 continues electric discharge thereupon.If the energy that resonant inductance La stores is enough, the junction capacitance voltage of switching tube Q3, Q4 can be put into zero, even continue afterflow conducting by the body diode of switching tube Q3, Q4 self.
Pattern five: dead band and duty-cycle loss stage
In Dead Time, resonant inductance La, by the body diode afterflow of switching tube Q3, Q4 self, now drives actuating switch pipe Q3, Q4 can realize the no-voltage of switching tube Q3, Q4 open-minded.
As shown in Figure 7, after switching tube Q3, Q4 conducting, the electric current of resonant inductance La continues decay and oppositely increases until electric current that transformer T1 former limit winding flows through equals vice-side winding and converts back the electric current flow through on former limit by transformer voltage ratio, and former limit just can start to secondary delivery energy.This process can be described as duty-cycle loss.
Under in above process, resonant inductance La can be similar to the back-pressure effect regarded as and jointly apply at C2 and capacitance C3, its current spikes decays to zero and oppositely, its slope is about:
Wherein: VC2, VC3 are respectively the voltage of C2, C3.Resonant inductance La is larger, and current slope is less, and duty-cycle loss is larger
Pattern six: Reverse recovery energy clamps stage
When the electric current that transformer T1 former limit winding flows through approximate vice-side winding convert back by transformer voltage ratio the electric current flow through on former limit time, diode D5, diode D8 turn off, and diode D6, diode D7 conducting, former limit starts to secondary transferring energy.Due to the reversely restoring process of diode D5, diode D8, resonant inductance La can store certain Reverse recovery reduced current more, diode D4 can well for this part electric current provides path, by the voltage clamp of transformer primary side, thus effectively twin zener dioder D5, diode D8 close the peak voltage and vibration of having no progeny.
Have no progeny when transformer clamping diode D4 electric current drops to zero and closes, switching tube Q3, Q4 continue conducting, and derided capacitors C2 transmits energy by transformer T1 to secondary, enter the operating state with pattern one " symmetry ".
Analyze in conjunction with above, we can find out several distinguishing features originally:
In the main working process of transformer primary side to secondary power transimission, capacitance C3 is all operated in loop of power circuit, the DC voltage component that primary current is accumulated on capacitance C3, effectively can regulate the positive negative sense weber of transformer T1, effectively can play the effect suppressing the serious magnetic biasing of transformer even saturated.
In resonant inductance freewheeling period, capacitance C3 does not participate in afterflow branch road, and the energy ezpenditure of resonant inductance La is few, and in actual design, adopt the resonant inductance La compared with small sensible weight, lagging leg just can realize Sofe Switch.
According in pattern five, the formula about primary current change slope can be found out, the resonant inductance sensibility reciprocal adopted is less, and the reverse slope of electric current is larger, and duty-cycle loss is less, and variator fan-out capability is higher.
Main switch change-over device is connected with derided capacitors C1, C2 mid point by capacitance C3, and in all working process, the mid point current dc component causing mid-point voltage to drift about all can accumulate certain DC voltage component on capacitance C3.Consider the capacity relationship of capacitance C3 and C1, C2, the voltage that circuit can mainly rely on capacitance C3 to accumulate, go the positive negative sense operating voltage regulating transformer terminal, make circuit reach new steady s tate, and the drift value of mid-point voltage is effectively suppressed.In design, the voltage margin of C1, C2 can suitably reduce, and is conducive to improving power density, cost-saving.
This process is tested, and demonstrates correctness and the feasibility of theory analysis.
The present invention is applicable to the three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current converter based on phase shifting control, and concrete enforcement structure can with reference to shown in figure 9.Structure increases striding capacitance Cs, its two ends connect brachium pontis switching tube mid point and lower brachium pontis switching tube mid point on former limit respectively, on controlling, phase shifting control is carried out to former limit switching tube, the tri-level half-bridge soft switch circuit based on phase shifting control can be realized, due to the existence of striding capacitance Cs, upper and lower switch brachium pontis can realize man-to-manly changing pressure.By the mid point of termination capacitance partial pressure circuit C1, C2 of capacitance C3, the mid point of another termination switching tube clamp circuit effectively can control mid-point voltage drift equally, reduces the sensibility reciprocal requirement of resonant inductance La.
The present invention is applicable to primary voltage of transformer carries out clamp tri-level half-bridge soft switch circuit through a constant impedance, direct or logical for a primary voltage of transformer constant impedance also can be clamped at the mid point of upper brachium pontis Q1, Q2 and the mid point of lower brachium pontis Q3, Q4 by transformer clamping circuit, as shown in Figure 9.To connect in transformer primary voltage nip bit loop a constant impedance, be conducive to the rate of decay accelerating resonant inductance excess energy, avoid because transformer clamping diode brings the integrity problems such as Reverse recovery because of current continuity during little duty ratio, the impedance of series connection can be the series-parallel network of resistance, electric capacity or resistance capacitance composition; Transformer primary edge clamp circuit clamped point is placed on upper and lower bridge arm mid point, and when Q1, Q4 conducting, if ignore its conduction loss, primary voltage of transformer is still clamped in input voltage range in fact, but power supply wiring etc. in can change to some extent.
The above embodiment of the present invention is except capacitance, main switch change-over device is not all directly connected with derided capacitors mid point, both the fundamental characteristics of original traditional tri-level half-bridge soft switch circuit had been remained, input capacitance mid-point voltage can also be effectively suppressed to drift about, and the resonant inductance of relatively small sensible weight can ensure the smooth realization of delayed shutoff pipe Sofe Switch, duty-cycle loss is little, is a kind of scheme of low-cost and high-performance high reliability.
Claims (7)
1. a three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit suppress in the method for point drift, it is characterized in that, the switch change-over device of circuit is connected by the mid point of capacitance with capacitance partial pressure circuit, the mid point electric current causing mid-point voltage to drift about is accumulated on capacitance and forms direct voltage amount, rely on the voltage of capacitance accumulation, regulate the positive negative sense operating voltage of transformer terminal, the drift value of mid-point voltage is inhibited; Three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit comprises the capacitance partial pressure circuit of capacitance and 2 derided capacitors composition, and described switch change-over device comprises switch brachium pontis that 4 switching tubes are composed in series, the switching tube clamp circuit of 2 switching tube clamping diode compositions, the transformer primary edge clamp circuit of 2 transformer clamping diode compositions, the output circuit that is composed in series by resonant inductance and primary transformer coil; Described switch brachium pontis comprises brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis, and one end of described switching tube clamp circuit connects the mid point of brachium pontis, the mid point of brachium pontis under another termination; The mid point of one termination switch brachium pontis of described output circuit, the mid point of another termination switching tube clamp circuit, the mid point of described transformer primary edge clamp circuit connects the primary coil of transformer, the mid point of one termination capacitance partial pressure circuit of described capacitance, the mid point of another termination switching tube clamp circuit; Upper brachium pontis is connected with second switch pipe by the first switching tube, and second switch pipe connects the mid point of switch brachium pontis, and lower brachium pontis is connected with the 4th switching tube by the 3rd switching tube, and the 3rd switching tube connects the mid point of switch brachium pontis;
The course of work of three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit comprises following 6 stages:
1) the energy delivery stage
First switching tube and the conducting of second switch pipe, transformer primary side forward is excitatory, and derided capacitors transmits energy by transformer to secondary;
2) advance pipe off-phases
In the first switching tube turn off process, its junction capacitance is charged under the acting in conjunction of load current and resonant inductance energy storage energy; Second switch pipe maintains conducting, and the junction capacitance of the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube is discharged along with the charging of the first switching tube junction capacitance, and the voltage maintaining whole series arm equals two derided capacitors voltage sums; When the first switching tube back-pressure is elevated to the first derided capacitors and capacitance voltage sum, the first clamping diode clamp conducting;
3) resonant inductance freewheeling period
First switching tube is by after the first clamping diode Clamp Off, and resonant inductance is by the first clamping diode, the afterflow of second switch pipe;
4) delayed pipe off-phases
In second switch pipe turn off process, its junction capacitance is charged under the effect of resonant inductance freewheel current, and the junction capacitance of the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube continues electric discharge thereupon;
5) dead band and the duty-cycle loss stage
In Dead Time, resonant inductance is by the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube self diode continuousing flow, and drive conducting the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube, the no-voltage realizing the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube is open-minded; After 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube conducting, the electric current of resonant inductance continues decay and oppositely increases until electric current that transformer primary side winding flows through equals vice-side winding and converts back the electric current flow through on former limit by transformer voltage ratio, and former limit starts to secondary delivery energy;
6) the Reverse recovery energy clamps stage
When the electric current that transformer primary side winding flows through equal vice-side winding convert back by transformer voltage ratio the electric current flow through on former limit time, former limit starts to secondary transferring energy; Transformer clamping diode provides path for this part electric current, by the voltage clamp of transformer primary side, effectively suppresses secondary side diode 8 to close the peak voltage and vibration of having no progeny.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the capacitance of capacitance is less than the capacitance of derided capacitors.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the high-pressure side of a termination capacitance partial pressure circuit of transformer primary edge clamp circuit, the low-pressure end of another termination capacitance partial pressure circuit.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mid point of described resonant inductance one termination transformer primary side clamp circuit, the mid point of another termination switch brachium pontis.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, one end of transformer primary edge clamp circuit connects the mid point of brachium pontis, the mid point of brachium pontis under another termination.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit comprises clamping impedance, and the mid point of transformer primary edge clamp circuit connects the primary coil of transformer by described clamping impedance.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, three-level half-bridge flexible switch direct current conversion circuit comprises striding capacitance, and described striding capacitance is in parallel with switching tube clamp circuit.
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| CN103166466A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-06-19 | 西安胜唐电源有限公司 | Half-bridge three-level direct current converting circuit |
| CN102868301B (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2016-03-30 | 深圳市泰昂能源科技股份有限公司 | Realize the tandem type DC/DC converter of instantaneous voltage current balance type |
| CN103633850A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-12 | 广东志成冠军集团有限公司 | Half-bridge LLCPFM (liquid level control power factor meter) frequency change circuit and control method thereof |
| CN105827127B (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2020-05-05 | 维谛技术有限公司 | Inverter soft switch control circuit and inverter |
| CN104506065B (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2017-06-06 | 佛山市柏克新能科技股份有限公司 | The neutral point voltage control method of three-level inverter |
| CN106740195B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2021-01-01 | 深圳市京科凌智技术有限公司 | Electric automobile charging power supply and method for charging electric automobile |
| CN108964506B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2024-03-15 | 科华恒盛股份有限公司 | Conversion circuit and corresponding three-phase conversion circuit and conversion device |
| JP6939203B2 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2021-09-22 | スミダコーポレーション株式会社 | Circulating current reduction circuit, transformer unit |
| CN107769576A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-06 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of three-level soft switch DC transfer circuit of primary side clamper |
| CN109672329B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-06-16 | 华为数字技术（苏州）有限公司 | Protection circuit of modular system |
| CN110798086B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2021-08-10 | 漳州科华电气技术有限公司 | Three-level soft switching rectifying circuit |
| CN112436780B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2024-03-15 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Electric drive system, power assembly and electric automobile |
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Effective date of registration: 20170816 Address after: 412000 No. 1728, Taishan Road, Tianyuan District, Hunan, Zhuzhou Patentee after: Zhuzhou Megmeet Electrical Co., Ltd. Address before: 518000 Shenzhen science and technology zone, Nanshan District Province, North District, road, No. 13, Thunis science and Technology Park, layer 5 Patentee before: Shenzhen Megmeet Electrical Co., Ltd. |