A kind of method of utilizing wind-powered electricity generation unit additional damping controller to improve system damping
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of field of power, be specifically related to a kind of method of utilizing additional damping controller modulation wind-powered electricity generation unit to improve large-scale wind electricity field grid-connected system low-frequency oscillation damping characteristic.
Background technology
Having a high potential of Wind Power Utilization, the developed installation total capacity of land and wind energy on the sea reach about 7~1,200,000,000 kW, data that up-to-date assessment report proposes even can reach more than 2,500,000,000 kW.In the promise of the Chinese government about the wind-powered electricity generation development, an important part is built seven big " ten million multikilowatt wind-powered electricity generation bases " exactly.Seven big wind-powered electricity generation bases lay respectively at east Inner Mongolia and western part, Hami, Jiuquan, Hebei, Technique in Western Jilin Province and Jiangsu bank and area, coastal waters.Along with the extensive development of wind energy turbine set, the research of wind-powered electricity generation unit, manufacturing and application level are also improving constantly, and the not high constant speed blower fan of Wind Power Utilization efficient are developed into the variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation unit of pursuit wind energy maximum conversion efficiency from the past.Wherein, because of its plurality of advantages, become the mainstream model of current wind-power market based on the megawatt-level wind unit of double fed induction generators in performance aspect the operation.
Different with the distributed dispersion access of European developed country wind-powered electricity generation electrical network, China's wind-powered electricity generation adopts the development mode of " extensive, high concentrating " and the transport model of " big capacity, high voltage, remote ".In Xinjiang of China Hami and Hexi Corridor, Gansu, has abundant wind resource, also be the important coal base of China simultaneously, the wind-powered electricity generation and the thermoelectricity bundling of this area are sent outside, can remedy the wind power uncertainty of exerting oneself, cause big capacity to send adverse effects such as the passway for transmitting electricity equipment efficiency of usage is on the low side outside, guarantee the stability and the electric power system operation economy of energy supply.Yet remote large-capacity power is sent outside, and the system oscillation damping characteristic will weaken, and is subjected to fault or the disturbance of wind power fluctuation, and system is prone to low-frequency oscillation, the crisis power network safety operation.By strengthening primary devices such as power transmission network or ac transmission flexible for installation,, can face huge investment though can improve the oscillation damping of system.
By control double-fed fan motor unit rotor excitation current, but its power output level of quick adjustment.On the other hand, because wind power fluctuation characteristics, blower fan can continuous, stable operation in the bigger scope of exerting oneself.Therefore, utilize the secondary power controller to system the blower fan after disturbed exert oneself and regulate, by the wind energy turbine set system oscillation energy of handling up, then can reach and suppress low frequency oscillations, the stable purpose of quick recovery system, realize improving safety and stability level and the ability to transmit electricity that the big capacity of wind fire bundling is sent system outside.Utilize big capacity wind energy turbine set additional damping control to improve the electrical network dynamic characteristic, have better economic and wide application prospect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of meritorious exerting oneself of additional damping controller modulation wind-powered electricity generation unit of utilizing, improve the method for large-scale wind electricity field grid-connected system low-frequency oscillation damping characteristic.Basic principle according to the control of double-fed fan motor unit optimized rotating speed, introduce the disturbed back of AC network The Characteristics of Low Frequency Oscillations Design of Signal additional damping controller, damping controller is output as the modulation product of blower fan control rotating speed, by control realizes its meritorious adjusting of exerting oneself to rotation speed of fan, thereby reach the effect that suppresses the electrical network vibration.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals to be achieved:
A kind of method of utilizing wind-powered electricity generation unit additional damping controller to improve system damping, its improvements are that the damping controller of design grid connected wind power field and wind-powered electricity generation unit suppresses the grid-connected system low-frequency oscillation, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) adopts the electric system simulation computational tool, set up the simulation model of wind-powered electricity generation unit and large-scale wind electricity field grid-connected system;
(2) in the excellent revolution speed control system of wind turbine generator maximum, apply the oscillating signal that frequency range is 0.05-1.5Hz, by Fourier analysis, ask for the open-loop transfer function of sending outside between communication channel active power and speed controling signal; Based on described open-loop transfer function and described electric power system target limit design wind-powered electricity generation unit additional damping controller, and the described additional damping controller parameter of adjusting;
(3) wind farm grid-connected system is applied the big disturbance of three-phase shortcircuit, check blower fan additional damping controller under the different service conditionss suppressing the effect of low-frequency oscillation of electric power system;
(4) according to the effect of additional damping controller inhibition low-frequency oscillation of electric power system simulation calculation in the step (3), the fine setting controller parameter is further optimized described low-frequency oscillation of electric power system damping characteristic.
A kind of optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: in the described step (1), described wind-powered electricity generation unit model comprises wind power system, wind-driven generator and wind power generator control system model; Fired power generating unit and Hydropower Unit all adopt the detailed model of taking into account adjuster in the described AC network; Double-fed fan rotor side control system adopts based on stator magnetic linkage oriented power decoupled control, and stator side adopts the power decoupled control based on the line voltage orientation.
Second optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: in the described step (2), in the excellent revolution speed control system of wind turbine generator maximum, be 0.05-1.5Hz with frequency range, increment is that the low frequency small magnitude oscillator signal Δ ω of 0.05Hz is superimposed to control speed reference ω
RefOn, that is:
Start simulation calculation and enter stable state until system, that extracts Δ ω delta data in the common period and comprise the low-frequency oscillation of electric power system characteristic information sends alternating current circuit active power signal P outside
lData are to Δ ω and P
lCarry out Fourier decomposition, obtain the phasor signal under the different frequency
With
Calculate amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristic under the different frequency, that is:
According to amplitude-frequency, phase-frequency characteristic, utilize data fitting to pick out the open-loop transfer function G of system (s); Set the dominant pole s of described electric power system expectation
d, according to following relational expression
arg(H(s
d))=-arg(G(s
d))
The described wind-powered electricity generation unit additional damping controller parameter of adjusting, described wind-powered electricity generation unit additional damping controller parameter comprise amplification coefficient K, every straight link time constant T
wWith lead-lag link time constant T
1, T
2, T
3And T
4
The 3rd optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: in the described step (3), under the different service conditionss of large-scale wind electricity field grid-connected system, checking additional damping controller suppresses the validity of low-frequency oscillation; Big disturbance takes place in described large-scale wind electricity field grid-connected system, and emulation verification electric power system different running method and wind energy turbine set difference go out the validity of the additional damping controller inhibition low frequency oscillations under the force level.
The 4th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: described wind-powered electricity generation unit comprises doubly-fed variable-speed constant-frequency rate wind-powered electricity generation unit; The critical piece of described doubly-fed variable-speed constant-frequency rate wind-powered electricity generation unit comprises wind power system, wind-driven generator and blower fan control system.
The 5th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: ask for described additional damping controller parameter, described dominant pole is carried out phase place and amplitude compensation.
The 6th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: described wind power system modeling process is as follows: described wind power system simulation comprises three parts: wind speed simulation system, wind wheel unit simulated behavior and blade angle control section; Described wind power system is output as wind-driven generator input machine torque;
Dynamically wind speed can be simulated basic wind v
Wb, fitful wind v
Wg, gradual change wind v
Wr, random noise wind v
Wm, resultant wind velocity v is:
v=v
wb+v
wg+v
wr+v
wm
Cube proportional relation of wind energy that wind energy conversion system is caught and wind speed, also relevant with the rotating speed and the structural parameters of pneumatic equipment blades made simultaneously, described wind energy conversion system output machine torque is:
Wherein, C
pBe wind energy conversion efficiency coefficient, it is slurry elongation β and the blade tip speed ratio λ (function of λ=R ω/v); R is a blade radius; ω is the pneumatic equipment blades made rotating speed; A is the blade swept area; ρ is an atmospheric density; V is a wind speed; P
NBe the power base value.
The 7th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: described wind turbine generator adopts the squirrel-cage induction motor simulation; Described wind power generator rotor loop is interconnected by generator slip ring and external voltage source; Described wind power generator rotor voltage u
RdWith u
RqBe not equal to 0, double fed induction generators is by the described wind power generator rotor external voltage of control, and what the may command wind power generator rotor was exported gains merit and reactive power; The voltage equation of double fed induction generators is under the rotation dq0 coordinate system synchronously:
U in the formula
Sd, u
Sq, u
Rq, u
RqBe respectively the d axle and the q axle component of stator winding and rotor winding voltage; R
sAnd R
rBe respectively stator winding and rotor winding phase resistance; i
Sd, i
Sq, i
Rd, i
RqBe respectively the d axle and the q axle component of stator winding and rotor winding; ω
NBe synchronous rotary speed; S is the rotor slippage; ψ
Sd, ψ
Sq, ψ
Rd, ψ
RqBe respectively the magnetic linkage of stator and rotor d axle and q axle;
The magnetic linkage equation of wind turbine generator is:
ψ
sd=(L
ss+L
m)i
sd+L
mi
rd
ψ
sq=(L
ss+L
m)i
sq+L
mi
rq
ψ
rd=(L
rr+L
m)i
rd+L
mi
sd
ψ
rq=(L
rr+L
m)i
rq+L
mi
sq
Wherein, L
Ss, L
Rr, L
mBe respectively stator and the every leakage inductance mutually of rotor, and the mutual inductance between stator and rotor.
The 8th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: described blower fan control system is divided into two-layer: ground floor is optimum wind power tracking control of wind energy conversion system and wind-powered electricity generation unit Reactive Power Control, and the optimum wind power tracking of described wind energy conversion system is according to real-time wind speed and definite fan rotor optimized rotating speed; Described wind-powered electricity generation unit Reactive Power Control is determined the idle reference value of wind-powered electricity generation unit according to the Reactive Power Control strategy; The second layer is power decoupled control, controls determined optimized rotating speed and reactive power reference qref is a controlled target with ground floor, realizes the meritorious and idle decoupling zero control of stator side and rotor-side frequency converter.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is:
Utilize a kind of meritorious exerting oneself of additional damping controller modulation wind-powered electricity generation unit of utilizing provided by the invention, improve the method for large-scale wind electricity field grid-connected system low-frequency oscillation damping characteristic, realize the meritorious damping modulation control of large-scale grid connected wind power field, low frequency oscillations, the stable effect of quick recovery system be can suppress, safety and stability level and ability to transmit electricity that the big capacity of wind fire bundling is sent system outside improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a wind-powered electricity generation unit additional damping controller principle block diagram;
Fig. 2 is according to doubly fed machine control logic schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is according to rotor-side Frequency Converter Control block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is classical four machines, two domain test models;
Fig. 5 is less than sending out the contrast schematic diagram of rotation speed of fan when having or not the additional damping controller according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is less than sending out the contrast schematic diagram of interconnection power output when having or not the additional damping controller according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is less than sending out the contrast schematic diagram of output of wind electric field situation when having or not the additional damping controller according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is less than sending out the contrast schematic diagram of unit 13 merit angular differences when having or not the additional damping controller according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention when completely sending out, the contrast schematic diagram of rotation speed of fan when having or not the additional damping controller;
Figure 10 completely sends out the contrast schematic diagram of interconnection power output when having or not the additional damping controller according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention;
Figure 11 completely sends out the contrast schematic diagram of output of wind electric field situation when having or not the additional damping controller according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention;
Figure 12 completely sends out the contrast schematic diagram of unit 13 merit angular differences when having or not the additional damping controller according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
(1) the detailed modeling of grid connected wind power field apoplexy group of motors
Adopt the electrical power system transient emulation tool, set up wind-powered electricity generation unit and wind energy turbine set simulation model.Wherein, Fig. 1 is a wind-powered electricity generation unit additional damping controller principle block diagram, and Fig. 2 is the control system schematic diagram of double-fed blower fan, and rotor-side Frequency Converter Control target is respectively motor output reactive power and the corresponding rotor optimized rotating speed of wind speed in real time; Stator side Frequency Converter Control target is the frequency converter dc voltage and exchanges reactive power.The rotor-side Frequency Converter Control system of double-fed fan motor unit as shown in Figure 3, the output of additional damping controller transfers the deviation reference signal to and is superimposed to the optimized rotating speed reference signal.
(2) Fig. 4 is four machines, two domain test systems, and wherein a large-scale wind electricity field is inserted in sending end zone 1, and wind energy turbine set has 100 double-fed fan motor units, and the unit rated capacity is 1.5MW, inserts electrical network by the two-stage step-up transformer.
Apply the small-signal Δ ω of a series of 0.05-1.5Hz at the rotation speed of fan place, that is:
Start simulation calculation and enter stable state until system, that extracts Δ ω delta data in the common period and comprise the low frequency oscillations characteristic information sends alternating current circuit active power signal P outside
lData are to Δ ω and P
lCarry out Fourier decomposition, obtain the phasor signal under the different frequency
With
Calculate amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristic under the different frequency, that is:
According to amplitude-frequency, phase-frequency characteristic, utilize data fitting to pick out the open-loop transfer function G of system (s);
(3) the dominant pole s of initialization system expectation
d, according to following relational expression
arg(H(s
d))=-arg(G(s
d))
The wind-powered electricity generation unit additional damping controller parameter of adjusting comprises amplification coefficient K, every straight link time constant T
w, lead-lag link time constant T
1, T
2, T
3, T
4
(4) under the different service conditionss of wind energy turbine set, verify that it suppresses the validity of low-frequency oscillation.
By changing wind speed, to investigate under the different service capacity levels of wind energy turbine set, blower fan additional damping controller suppresses the effect of low frequency oscillations.
At regional interconnector three-phase instantaneous short-circuit fault is set, the input signal that to get its parallel line active power be blower fan additional damping controller, output signal Δ ω
RefBe superimposed to according to the real-time determined optimum wind speed ω of wind speed
RefOn.Change the wind speed size, make output of wind electric field be respectively 100MW, 150MW.
Fig. 5 is less than sending out according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention, the contrast schematic diagram of rotation speed of fan when having or not the additional damping controller, rotation speed of fan oscillogram when being specially output of wind electric field 100MW, because blower fan is exerted oneself the rise allowance is still arranged, after taking place, fault can regulate on a large scale, therefore disturbed back low frequency oscillations can comparatively fast be calmed down, shown in Fig. 6-8; Fig. 9 is according to wind energy turbine set of the present invention when completely sending out, the contrast schematic diagram of rotation speed of fan when having or not the additional damping controller, rotation speed of fan oscillogram when being specially output of wind electric field 150MW, this moment, blower fan was in the rated power operation state, reached the upper limit of its rated capacity, so after fault took place, output of wind electric field only can be reduced.From simulation result as can be seen, under this operational mode, the more last mode of effect that wind-powered electricity generation unit damping controller suppresses low frequency oscillations weakens to some extent, but still can reach the effect of elevator system damping, shown in Figure 10-12.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment only is not intended to limit in order to explanation the application's technical scheme, although the application is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the embodiment of application, and do not break away from any modification of the application's spirit and scope or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the application's the claim scope.