A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery material slurry and battery
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to the lithium ion battery field, particularly is mixed into a kind of preparation method and the battery of lithium ion battery material slurry of the pulp of lithium ion battery of active material with in nickel, cobalt, manganese and oxygen ternary material, any binary material of lithium nickel cobalt manganese, cobalt acid lithium material, spinelle manganic acid lithium material, the lithium titanate material one or more.
Background technology
Along with making rapid progress of commercial electronic products, people have higher requirement to the capacity of lithium rechargeable battery, useful life, security performance etc.
In the manufacture process of lithium ion battery, batch mixing is a crucial step, and the quality of batch mixing gained slurry directly influences every performance of battery.Traditional mixing method is that active material is mixed by a certain percentage with conductive agent dry powder, will mix dry powder and binding agent, solvent then and add by a certain percentage in the mixer and be modulated into required slurry by certain stir speed (S.S.); Or in the batch mixing process, active material and binding agent, conductive agent, solvent are added stirring by a certain percentage in batches, be modulated into required slurry.And this traditional mixing method often occur slurry viscosity higher, stability not high enough, in painting process, depositional phenomenon can take place in slurry, thereby causes the consistency of slurry relatively poor, the pole piece thickness distribution inequality that is coated with out influences battery capacity and cycle performance.Because this traditional mixing method can only play limited immixture, when active material and conductive agent particle diameter hour, stirring and mixing effect is undesirable, these pulvis are easy to form " ash bag " and are dispersed in the slurry in whipping process, cause slurry inhomogeneous, make the pole piece dressing of coating back inhomogeneous, the pole piece part exists " projection " or bubble " spot ", " projection " will cause battery to have the preferential reaction point in charge and discharge process, serious meeting is pierced through barrier film and is caused battery short circuit, causes cell safety hidden danger; Bubble " spot " then can make the utilance of active material reduce, and influences battery capacity.Publication CN101232091 A discloses the mode that a kind of wet ball grinding by planetary mills prepares lithium iron phosphate sizing agent; And publication CN101964428 A has adopted first stirring, and ball milling prepares the method for battery material slurry again.Compare with traditional battery material slurry preparation method, the method that patent adopted all is significantly improved to size performance, but also all also exists not enough.At first, the nonferromagnetic substance of the planetary mills that patent CN101232091 A is adopted is superior, but compounding effect is also undesirable, and causes particle meticulous easily, influences the final performance of material; And patent CN101964428 A not only adopted for two steps finished, and it grinds still with common ball milling method.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides at the deficiency in prior art and the existing actual production, provide a kind of ball milling effective, certain ratio of grinding media to material and the mixing speed of energy better controlled, make ball abundant collision friction in agitator tank, can smash the reunion between material granule, and make and do not stir the dead angle in the agitator tank substantially, improved the uniformity of distribution of particles in the slurry, and then improved the preparation method and the battery of a kind of lithium ion battery material slurry of the capacity of lithium ion battery and cycle performance.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery material slurry, by mass percentage, active material with 85-96%, the stirring abrading-ball that 1~8% conductive agent, 1~6% the binding agent that is dissolved in solvent and diameter are 3~15mm is put into the ball grinder of agitating ball mill, and wherein the weight ratio of abrading-ball and active material is 1:1~3:1.
The dried inert gas of continuous or intermittent feeding, its feeding amount is decided according to aqueous active substance amount, air humidity, when more the or air humidity of aqueous active substance is big, can strengthen the feeding flow, moisture causes slurry to damage in the slurry whipping process to avoid; When inert gas fed continuously, per minute feeding amount was 0~100% of a slurry volume; By every 5-10min once, the feeding amount is 1~3 times of slurry volume when intermittently feeding.
The rotating speed of described agitating ball mill is 100~800r/min, and the stirring ball-milling time is 1~6h.
Suitably add solvent in described whipping process, solvent adding amount is 55~75% of a solid content quality.
The diameter of the stirring abrading-ball in the described agitating ball mill is 3~15mm.
Weight with positive active material is benchmark, and described conductive agent content is 1-10 weight %, binding agent
Content is 1-6 weight %, and the content of solvent is 10-70 weight %.
The weight ratio of positive active material and abrading-ball is 1:1~1:6.
A kind of lithium ion battery comprises positive active material and negative electrode active material, the positive pole that this battery adopts
The slurry that active material and negative electrode active material adopted all adopts stirring ball mill to stir and abrasive dust.
The material that the battery material of described lithium ion anode active material adopts one or more mixing backs in lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxygen ternary material, any binary material of lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxygen, cobalt acid lithium material, spinelle manganic acid lithium material, the lithium titanate material to use, the material average grain diameter is 1~15 micron.
The material that the battery material of described lithium ion negative electrode active material adopts one or more mixing backs in electrically conductive graphite, acetylene black, lithium titanate, kamash alloy, the silicon-base alloy to use.
The slurry that stirs emitted and, promptly can be used for battery and make with after abrading-ball separates.
The stirring abrading-ball is that one or more mixing in zirconium ball, agate ball, the Ceramic Balls are used; Abrading-ball is of a size of diameter 3~15mm.
Battery adopts among the present invention conductive agent, bonding agent, solvent are common used material well known in the art; Conductive agent is mainly one or more in acetylene black, carbon black, the graphite; Bonding agent is mainly one or more in polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, butadiene-styrene rubber, the carboxymethyl cellulose; Solvent is one or more in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl formamide (DMF), diethylformamide (DEF), deionized water, the ethanol.
Cell size is coated on the collector, make battery pole piece, the electricity core comprises positive plate, negative plate, diaphragm paper, wherein, be provided with diaphragm paper between positive plate and the negative plate, electric core is put into battery case, inject electrolyte, seal, its cell size is the cell size that above-mentioned wet ball grinding method prepares.
Above-mentioned used electrolyte is nonaqueous electrolytic solution or gel electrolyte.
Above-mentioned used barrier film is general barrier film, as polyethylene ion exchange membrane, polypropylene ion exchange membrane or polyethylene and the compound amberplex of polypropylene.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: strengthened the effect that stirs, by ball milling reunion particle is together analyzed effectively simultaneously and come, this has not only improved the uniformity of slurry, the viscosity of reduction slurry, improve stability of slurry simultaneously, guarantee that slurry deposition, perhaps pole piece part " projection " and bubble " spot " do not take place pole piece in coating process.Thereby improve the consistency of slurry and on collector Uniformity of Distribution, and can finally can improve consistency, capacity and the cycle performance of battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the viscosity schematic diagram over time of each slurry in various embodiments of the present invention and the Comparative Examples.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
(1) Zheng Ji preparation
30 gram Kynoar (PVDF) are dissolved in mixing 3h glue in 270gN-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent, to dry the back water content then less than 0.05% lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxygen tertiary cathode material 950g, conductive agent 20g, the PVDF glue 300g that makes, solvent NMP 245g, weight ratio 1:1 according to dry powder and meson puts into diameter 5mm stirring abrading-ball zirconium ball, going up ball milling at the agitating ball mill (Wuxi hypo drying machinery instrument factory) of volume 4L mixes, adjusting the agitating ball mill rotating speed is 300r/min, ball milling 8h, the anode sizing agent of formation stable uniform.With coating machine with this slurry coating to 16 μ m aluminium foils, through 120 ℃ of vacuum and heating drying 2h, it is long that roll-in, cut-parts make 595mm() * 56mm(is wide) * 145 μ m(are thick) pole piece, compacted density is 3.6g/cm3.
(2) preparation of negative pole
2300g graphite, 50gCMC and 70gSBR are mixed the back add 2800 ml waters, under less than the 0.08MPa vacuum, adjusting the agitating ball mill rotating speed is 800r/min, after mixing 2h, the stable slurry that obtains is applied on the Copper Foil of 10 μ m, through 110 ℃ of vacuumize 4h, it is long that roll-in, cut-parts make 668mm() * 57.5mm(is wide) * 152 μ m(are thick) pole piece, compacted density is 1.5g/cm3.
(3) preparation of electrolyte
LiPF6 and ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) are mixed with the solution that LiPF6 concentration is 1mol/L (volume ratio of EC/DMC is 1:1) as electrolyte.
The negative pole that the positive pole that above-mentioned (1) is obtained and (2) obtain in the cylinder box hat of packing into, injects the electrolyte 5.5g that above-mentioned (3) prepare with the cylindrical electric core of the membrane coil coiled of 20 μ m, seals to change into, and obtains lithium ion battery A1.
Coating described in the embodiment, drying, roll extrusion, cut-parts and with the cylindrical electric core of membrane coil coiled pack into the cylinder box hat, inject electrolyte, seal and change into, be the known operating process of those skilled in the art and operating personnel.
Embodiment 2
(1) Zheng Ji preparation
30 gram Kynoar PVDF are dissolved in mixing 4h glue in the 280gN-methyl pyrrolidone nmp solvent, tertiary cathode material 950g after will drying then, conductive agent 10g, make to such an extent that PVDF glue 300g, solvent NMP 400g add in the stirring ball-milling jar of 3L, weight ratio 1:3 according to dry powder and abrading-ball puts into diameter 5mm stirring abrading-ball zirconium ball, ball milling mixes on agitating ball mill, provide by Wuxi hypo drying machinery instrument factory, pass through nitrogen continuously by 1L/min, adjusting the agitating ball mill rotating speed is 1200r/min, ball milling 1h, the anode sizing agent of formation stable uniform.With coating machine with this slurry coating to 16 μ m aluminium foils, through 120 ℃ of vacuum and heating drying 2h, roll-in, cut-parts make 595mm length * 56mm wide * thick pole piece of 145 μ m, compacted density is 3.6g/cm3.
Negative pole and electrolyte make lithium ion battery A2 with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) Zheng Ji preparation
10 gram Kynoar PVDF are dissolved in mixing 4h glue in the 295gN-methyl pyrrolidone nmp solvent, tertiary cathode material 950g after will drying then, conductive agent 50g, the PVDF glue 300g, the solvent NMP268g that make add in the agitator tank of 4L, weight ratio 1:5 according to dry powder and abrading-ball puts into stirring abrading-ball zirconium ball, ball milling mixes on agitating ball mill, provide by Wuxi hypo drying machinery instrument factory, adjusting the agitating ball mill rotating speed is 500r/min, ball milling 6h, the anode sizing agent of formation stable uniform.With coating machine with this slurry coating to 16 μ m aluminium foils, through 120 ℃ of vacuum and heating drying 2h, roll-in, cut-parts make 595mm length * 56mm wide * thick pole piece of 145 μ m, compacted density is 3.6g/cm3.
Negative pole and electrolyte make lithium ion battery A3 with embodiment 1.
(2) Comparative Examples 1:
30 gram Kynoar PVDF are dissolved in mixing 4h glue in the 270gN-methyl pyrrolidone nmp solvent, tertiary cathode material 950g, conductive agent 20g are put into dry-mixed machine do mixed 2h, to do then and mix in powder that obtains and the PVDF glue 300g that the makes adding de-airing mixer, mixer rotating speed 300r/min stirs 8h and makes lithium ion battery anode glue size.With coating machine with this slurry coating to 16 μ m aluminium foils, through 120 ℃ of vacuum and heating drying 2h, roll-in, cut-parts make 595mm length * 56mm wide * thick pole piece of 145 μ m, compacted density is 3.6g/cm3.
Negative pole and electrolyte make lithium ion battery C1 with embodiment 1.
(3) Comparative Examples 2:
Anode sizing agent prescription among the embodiment 2 is constant, also mix without ball milling without overdrying, add binding agent PVDF and NMP earlier and stir a period of time, add the conductive agent vacuum stirring again, adding tertiary cathode material at last continues to stir, stirring motor speed 1200r/min stirs 1h and makes lithium ion battery anode glue size.With coating machine with this slurry coating to 16 μ m aluminium foils, through 120 ℃ of vacuum and heating drying 2h, roll-in, cut-parts make 595mm length * 56mm wide * thick pole piece of 145 μ m, compacted density is 3.6g/cm3.
Negative pole and electrolyte make lithium ion battery C2 with embodiment 1.
(4) size performance test experiments
A, viscosity test
Utilize rotation viscometer respectively embodiment 1 slurry, embodiment 2 slurries, embodiment 3 slurries, Comparative Examples 1 slurry, Comparative Examples 2 slurries to be measured, as table 1.
Table 1
Experimental slurries |
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Comparative Examples 1 |
Comparative Examples 2 |
Viscosity (mPas) |
6500 |
7200 |
7400 |
8300 |
9500 |
Table 1 as can be seen, through the slurry behind the stirring ball-milling, distribution of particles is more even, viscosity is lower without the slurry viscosity of ball milling.
B, slurry stability
The slurry of embodiment 1~3 and Comparative Examples 1~2 is respectively charged into a 200ml measuring cup, measures the viscosity of each slurry same position at set intervals respectively, test each slurry viscosity over time, the results are shown in accompanying drawing 1.
Fig. 1 does not pass through the slurry less stable of ball milling as can be seen, and As time goes on sedimentation phenomenon is arranged.And through the slurry stability after ball milling or dried the mixing better, the viscosity behind 24h of the slurry behind the ball milling tends towards stability substantially.
C, battery performance test
With lithium ion battery A1-A3, the C1-C2 of the foregoing description 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-2 preparation, carry out the cycle performance test, concrete steps are, to 4.2V, are 0.01CmA with 4.2V constant voltage charge cut-off current with the 1CmA current charges, shelve 5min; To 3.0V, shelve 5min with the 1CmA current discharge.Repeat above step 300 time, obtain the discharge capacity after the circulation 300 times, capability retention before and after the computation cycles, the result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the stirring ball-milling disposed slurry makes battery and makes more than the high 20mAh of battery capacity than Comparative Examples 2 slurries, and cycle performance of battery also obviously improves.Illustrate that battery material slurry preparation method of the present invention can effectively improve the uniformity of distribution of particles in the slurry, and then improved the capacity and the cycle performance of battery.