CN102249800A - Bactericidal fertilizer and production and application method thereof - Google Patents
Bactericidal fertilizer and production and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A bactericidal fertilizer and a production and application method thereof relates to a fertilizer composition. The fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: a soluble nitrogen phosphor potassium fertilizer, inorganic matter with trace elements, magnesium salts, complexed calcium salts, organic carbon source compounds, a silver agent, soluble amino acids, and auxiliary agents; the production method comprises the following steps: drying, pulverizing, and mixing the soluble nitrogen phosphor potassium fertilizer, trace elements, and magnesium salts to obtain fine powder; dispersing nanosilver or complexed silver or nanocolloid in anhydrous alcohol, adding various auxiliary agents, and stirring; adding the fine powder into the silver-containing alcohol component, and stirring; putting each component into a closed container, mixing, stirring, and vacuumizing the container; after the alcohol is exhausted, uniformly stirring the product, and performing vacuum packaging. The application method comprises: soaking crop seeds, pouring roots, spraying leaf surfaces, and being used as a nutrient solution in soilless culture. According to the invention, a fertilizer with silver bactericide can be produced, which meets the requirements of economic crops, and facilitates agricultural development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer and other mixture of ingredients, specifically, relate to the fertilizer that is added with trace element and sterilant.
Background technology
The plantation of cash crop, effectively prevention and elimination of disease and pests of requirement, simultaneously quality height, output are big.For a long time, the disease of cash crop such as tobacco, watermelon fails effectively to be prevented and treated as soil-borne disease, seed-borne disease etc., can not plant by continuous cropping when causing plantation, and crop quality also constantly descends.Trace it to its cause, the one, soil-borne disease fails to eliminate, and next year then plants, and soil-borne disease is more rampant, can't administer; The 2nd, execute azophoska compound fertilizer the first year more when planting, and lacks other essential nutritive element such as trace element, these elements in the soil by last year crop take away, as replenishing, must cause these element scarcities, do not satisfy the needs of next year crop.Why Here it is is difficult in the reason that famous-brand and high-quality agricultural-food are established in a place for a long time.Though people study, have developed many trace element fertilizers, for example Chinese patent No. 92110214.3 " compound trace element liquid fertilizer ", No. 98111578.0 " various trace elements formula fertilizers ", 02113524.X number " compound trace element fertilizer enriched in selenium ", No. 200410029779.6 " organic chelated Medium Trace Element Fertilizer technology ", No. 200680052549.9 " mineral manure that comprise the biological processing of trace element " etc., but can not solve the problem of soil-borne disease.
Silver has the function of eliminating soil-borne disease and seed-borne disease, and does not produce resistance, also nontoxic, safety.Silver has broad-spectrum bactericidal action, can both produce various bacteria known today, virus, fungi and suppress and killing action.The high effect of silver sterilization, actual working concentration 0.1 * 10
-6(being 0.1ppm) Shi Yineng effectively kills various bacteria, virus and fungi.Silver is all nontoxic to human body and crop, does not also produce any resistance, can use for many years and need not to change.Yet up to now, do not see as yet silver is used among the fertilizer, make it to possess the report of sterilizing function, do not have relevant patented technology yet.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to provide a kind of sterilization fertilizer, and increase can adapt to the fertilizer new variety with germicidal action of agricultural development demand.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide the manufacture method of described sterilization fertilizer, in order to produce the fertilizer with germicidal action that is fit to the crop needs.
A further object of the present invention also is to provide the application method of described sterilization fertilizer, makes it can be the cash crop service in rural area.
The contriver is in years of researches and practice, find that silver is the ideal sterilization material, but, silver also fails to be extensive use of, this is because when reality is used, need soluble silver salt is soluble in water, and institute's water mostly is natural river water, lake water, spring and tap water, wherein impurity is many, and salt, alkali and most of negatively charged ion that silver ions is met in the impurity just produce precipitation.During with the soluble silver salt sterilization, most of silver ionss are all consumed by these precipitations, really can be used for germ-resistant silver ions seldom, do not have germicidal action; If it is then valuable very uneconomical because of silver to strengthen consumption.Secondly silver ions sees that light easily decomposes, and is difficult to use under daylight.Silver ions, also can be fixed by adsorption by soil when irritating root the precipitation except that consuming in water, is used to prevent and treat the soil-borne disease difficulty and works.For this reason, the contriver selects non-ionic silver-colored agent as sterilant through exploring, and has successfully solved with a silver-colored germ-resistant difficult problem, develops sterilization fertilizer.
The sterilization fertilizer that the contriver provides, its raw material is composed as follows:
Soluble nitrogen phosphorus potassium base fertilizer 30%～80%,
The inorganics 1%～30% that contains trace element,
Magnesium salts 5%～30%,
Complexing calcium salt 5%～30%,
Organic carbon source compound 1%～20%,
Silver agent 0.01%～2.0%,
Soluble amino acid 1%～20%,
Auxiliary agent 1%～25%.
In the above-mentioned raw materials: described soluble nitrogen phosphorus potassium base fertilizer is one or more in urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, saltpetre, the Repone K; The described inorganics that contains trace element is mantoquita, zinc salt, the manganese salt of sulfuric acid or nitric acid, one or more in borax, ammonium molybdate, sodium iodide or potassiumiodide, cobalt oxide, zinc oxide, ferric sulfate or ferrous sulfate, the EDTA iron; Described magnesium salts is sal epsom or magnesium nitrate; Described complexing calcium salt is an EDTA calcium; Described organic carbon source compound is sucrose or Zulkovsky starch; Described silver-colored agent is a nano metal simple substance colloidal silver, or nanometer silver halide colloids, or complexing silver or its nanometer colloid; Described soluble amino acid is a glycine, or Histidine, or Sodium Glutamate; Described auxiliary agent comprises stablizer BHT, KBr, NaBr, yellow prussiate of potash, red prussiate of potash, sodium pyrosulfate; Oxidation inhibitor: Ursol D, dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine, Resorcinol, TOB, DSTP, 121; Anti UV agent: UV-9,2002; Dispersion agent; Phosphoric acid five sodium, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99.
The contriver points out: interpolation contains the selenium thing to produce rich selenium product as required, and the described selenium thing that contains is Sodium Selenite or selenium oxide, adds mass ratio≤5% that contains the selenium thing.
Above-mentioned complexing silver or its nanometer colloid are chitosan complex silvers, two ammino silver, EDTA silver, two sulphur cyanogen close silver, oxine silver, quadrol (En) silver, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) silver, triethylene four ammonia silver, pyridine (Py) silver, dipyridyl (DiPy) silver, acetylacetone based (AcAc) silver, dithio sulfuric acid closes one or more in the silver.
The sterilization fertiliser production method that the contriver provides is:
The first step is taken various raw materials according to composition of raw materials, with solubility azophoska and trace element, magnesium salts 50 ℃～90 ℃ down oven dry be crushed to 60～80 orders, mixed, dry fine powder;
Second step was scattered in nanometer silver or complexing silver or its nanometer colloid in the dehydrated alcohol, added oxidation inhibitor, anti UV agent, stablizer, dispersion agent, stirred 5～30min;
The 3rd step slowly added aforementioned dry fine powder in the argentiferous ethanol component in plastic containers, and the limit edged stirs, churning time 10～30min;
In the 4th step, mix after all the other compositions are crushed to 60～80 orders;
The 5th step with above each component, placed encloses container to mix, stir evenly, and vacuumized again, allowed ethanol volatilize, and collected ethanol and recycled;
The 6th step, treat that whole ethanol are taken out to the greatest extent after, product is stirred evenly, carry out vacuum packaging.
The sterilization fertilizer application method that the contriver provides comprises:
(1) to being used to soak crop seed behind the water, but sterilization and make crop yield;
(2) to being used to irritate root behind the water, can kill the multiple pathogeny of crop, but and the continuous cropping plantation;
(3) to being used for foliage-spray behind the water, can kill multiple germ on the crop blade faces such as flue-cured tobacco, and
Quality improves, increase yield significantly;
(4) to being used for soilless culture behind the water, directly as nutritive medium.
Nontoxic sterilization fertilizer provided by the invention and the method for making and using thereof can be produced the fertilizer product that contains silver-colored sterilant, satisfy cash crop plantation and the needs of cultivating, and promote the development of agriculture production.
Embodiment
Following examples can illustrate method of the present invention better:
Embodiment 1: take various raw materials according to following prescription: potassium primary phosphate 20g, ammonium sulfate 40g, manganous sulfate 1.5g, zinc sulfate 0.8g, copper sulfate 0.8g, borax 0.8g, ammonium molybdate 0.4g, EDTA iron 0.7g, nano metal simple substance colloidal silver (pressing Ag calculates): 0.07g, red prussiate of potash 0.2g, sodium pyrosulfate 0.2g, sal epsom 10g, EDTA calcium 10g, sucrose: 13g, auxiliary agent DSTP0.2g, auxiliary agent UU-90.2g, phosphoric acid five sodium 0.2g, glycine: 1g.Above-mentioned solubility azophoska and trace element, magnesium salts are dried under 80 ℃ of temperature and are crushed to 60～80 orders, mixed, dry fine powder; Again the nano metal silver colloid is scattered in the dehydrated alcohol, adds oxidation inhibitor, anti UV agent, stablizer, dispersion agent, stir 5～30min; In plastic containers aforementioned dry fine powder is slowly added in the argentiferous ethanol component again, the limit edged stirs, churning time 10～30min; Place encloses container to mix, stir evenly all the other components and above each component afterwards, vacuumize again, allow ethanol volatilize, collect ethanol and recycle; After treating that whole ethanol are taken out to the greatest extent, product is stirred evenly, carry out vacuum packaging.
Application method is: to water 5～10kg, be used for seed soaking, flooding is to spend.Coleseed is soaked 0.5h, and the watermelon seed soaks 12h, and the flue-cured tobacco kind is soaked 24h, and the paddy rice kind is soaked 24h, except that can killing each all biography germ, all can increase production more than 8%.If a killing pathogenic bacteria only needs 20min.
Embodiment 2: take various raw materials according to following prescription: potassium primary phosphate 40g, saltpetre 10g, ammonium nitrate 40g, manganous sulfate 2.7g, zinc sulfate 1.6g, copper sulfate 1.6g, borax 1.6g, ammonium molybdate 0.8g, EDTA iron 1.7g, nano metal simple substance colloidal silver (pressing Ag calculates): 0.2g, red prussiate of potash 0.4g, sodium pyrosulfate 0.4g, auxiliary agent DSTP0.4g, auxiliary agent UU-90.4g, phosphoric acid five sodium 0.4g, sal epsom 10g, EDTA calcium: 10g, Zulkovsky starch: 10g.Method for making is with embodiment 1.Application method is: to water 100kg, is used to irritate root, can kills the bacterial wilt pathogeny of flue-cured tobacco in about 0.5 mu of ground, but and continuous cropping plantation.
Embodiment 3: take various raw materials according to following prescription: potassium primary phosphate 40g, vitriolate of tartar 30g, saltpetre 26g, ammonium nitrate 60g, manganous sulfate 3.0g, zinc sulfate 2.0g, copper sulfate 2.0g, borax 2.0g, ammonium molybdate 1.0g, EDTA iron 2.0g, nano metal simple substance colloidal silver (pressing Ag calculates) 0.08g, red prussiate of potash 0.4g, sodium pyrosulfate 0.4g, auxiliary agent DSTP0.4g, auxiliary agent UU-90.4g, phosphoric acid five sodium 0.4g, sal epsom 10g, EDTA calcium 10g, Zulkovsky starch 10g.Method for making is with embodiment 1.Application method is: to water 50～100kg, is used for foliage-spray (can execute 1～2 mu), can kills multiple germ on the flue-cured tobacco blade face, the average one-level of Flue-cured tobacco Quality, if spray 2～3 times, can increase production 〉=15%.
Embodiment 4: take various raw materials according to following prescription: potassium primary phosphate 50g, vitriolate of tartar 20g, saltpetre 16g, urea 60g, manganous sulfate 4.0g, zinc sulfate 3.0g, copper sulfate 3.0g, borax 3.0g, ammonium molybdate 2.0g, EDTA iron 3.0g, nano metal simple substance colloidal silver (pressing Ag calculates) 0.02g, red prussiate of potash 0.4g, sodium pyrosulfate 0.4g, auxiliary agent DSTP0.4g, auxiliary agent UU-90.4g, phosphoric acid five sodium 0.4g, sal epsom 10g, EDTA calcium 7g, Zulkovsky starch 10g, Sodium Selenite 1g, Sodium Glutamate 10g.Method for making is with embodiment 1.Application method is: to water 50～100kg, is used for tea leaf surface and sprays, can eliminate the tea leaf surface multiple diseases, get tea rich in selenium, if spray 2～3 times, and volume increase 〉=15%, tealeaves excellent in taste.
Embodiment 5: take various raw materials according to following prescription: potassium primary phosphate 50g, vitriolate of tartar 15g, saltpetre 21g, ammonium nitrate 20g, urea 30g, manganous sulfate 3.2g, zinc sulfate 2.2g, copper sulfate 2.0g, borax 2.2g, ammonium molybdate 1.0g, EDTA iron 2.2g, nano metal simple substance colloidal silver (pressing Ag calculates) 0.05g, red prussiate of potash 0.3g, sodium pyrosulfate 0.3g, auxiliary agent DSTP0.3g, auxiliary agent UU-90.3g, phosphoric acid five sodium 0.3g, sal epsom 12g, EDTA calcium 7g, sucrose 20g, glycine: 10g.Method for making is with embodiment 1.Application method is: to water 50～100kg, can spray 1～2 mu of watermelon approximately, if spray 2～3 times, and volume increase 〉=15%, watermelon excellent in taste., be used for melonry and irritate root water 80kg with this prescription, can eliminate multiple soil-borne disease in the melonry, but the melonry continuous crop, and quality is constant.
Embodiment 6: prescription, method for making are with embodiment 1.Application method is: be used for soilless culture, and directly as nutritive medium, each nutritive element concentration range 0.001～1600 * 10
-6(promptly 0.001～1600ppm).According to the difference of crop, use different ingredients, and wherein all argentiferous agent.Can protect the outer disease of no soil-borne disease and root after using, but the soilless culture substrate life-time service.
Claims (5)
1. sterilization fertilizer is characterized in that the raw material of this fertilizer is composed as follows:
Soluble nitrogen phosphorus potassium base fertilizer 30%～80%,
The inorganics 1%～30% that contains trace element,
Magnesium salts 5%～30%,
Complexing calcium salt 5%～30%,
Organic carbon source compound 1%～20%,
Silver agent 0.01%～2.0%,
Soluble amino acid 1%～20%,
Auxiliary agent 1%～25%.
2. according to the described sterilization fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that described soluble nitrogen phosphorus potassium base fertilizer is one or more in urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, saltpetre, the Repone K; The described inorganics that contains trace element is mantoquita, zinc salt, the manganese salt of sulfuric acid or nitric acid, one or more in borax, ammonium molybdate, sodium iodide or potassiumiodide, cobalt oxide, zinc oxide, ferric sulfate or ferrous sulfate, the EDTA iron; Described magnesium salts is sal epsom or magnesium nitrate; Described complexing calcium salt is an EDTA calcium; Described organic carbon source compound is sucrose or Zulkovsky starch; Described silver-colored agent is a nano metal simple substance colloidal silver, or nanometer silver halide colloids, or complexing silver or its nanometer colloid; Described soluble amino acid is a glycine, or Histidine, or Sodium Glutamate; Described auxiliary agent comprises stablizer BHT, KBr, NaBr, yellow prussiate of potash, red prussiate of potash, sodium pyrosulfate; Oxidation inhibitor: Ursol D, dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine, Resorcinol, TOB, DSTP, 121; Anti UV agent: UV-9,2002; Dispersion agent; Phosphoric acid five sodium, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99.
3. according to the described sterilization fertilizer of claim 2, it is characterized in that described complexing silver or its nanometer colloid are chitosan complex silvers, two ammino silver, EDTA silver, two sulphur cyanogen close silver, oxine silver, silver ethylenediamine, nitrilotriacetic acid silver, triethylene four ammonia silver, pyridine silver, dipyridyl silver, acetylacetone based silver, dithio sulfuric acid closes one or more in the silver.
4. the method for the described sterilization fertilizer of production claim 1 is characterized in that:
The first step is taken various raw materials according to composition of raw materials, with solubility azophoska and trace element, magnesium salts 50 ℃～90 ℃ down oven dry be crushed to 60～80 orders, mixed, dry fine powder;
Second step was scattered in nanometer silver or complexing silver or its nanometer colloid in the dehydrated alcohol, added oxidation inhibitor, anti UV agent, stablizer, dispersion agent, stirred 5～30min;
The 3rd step slowly added aforementioned dry fine powder in the argentiferous ethanol component in plastic containers, and the limit edged stirs, churning time 10～30min;
In the 4th step, mix after all the other compositions are crushed to 60～80 orders;
The 5th step with above each component, placed encloses container to mix, stir evenly, and vacuumized again, allowed ethanol volatilize, and collected ethanol and recycled;
The 6th step, treat that whole ethanol are taken out to the greatest extent after, product is stirred evenly, carry out vacuum packaging.
5. according to the application method of the described sterilization fertilizer in one of claim 1 or 4, its feature comprises:
(1) to being used to soak crop seed behind the water, but sterilization and make crop yield;
(2) to being used to irritate root behind the water, can kill the multiple pathogeny of crop, but and the continuous cropping plantation;
(3), can kill multiple germ on the crop blade face such as flue-cured tobacco, and quality improves increase yield significantly to being used for foliage-spray behind the water;
(4) to being used for soilless culture behind the water, directly as nutritive medium.
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| CN102701870A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Modified glutamic acid fertilizer synergist and production method and application thereof |
| CN103460970A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 遵义恒元林业生物能源开发有限公司 | Method for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests of Aleurites montana |
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| CN102701870A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Modified glutamic acid fertilizer synergist and production method and application thereof |
| CN102701870B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2013-10-16 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Modified glutamic acid fertilizer synergist and production method and application thereof |
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| CN104030800A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-09-10 | 安徽三星化工有限责任公司 | High-quality strawberry planting dedicated slow-release compound fertilizer |
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| CN105859394A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 太仓市东泾农场专业合作社 | An agricultural sterilization nutrient solution |
| CN105794477A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-27 | 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 | Method for increasing chlorine ion content of chlorine-poor tobacco field tobacco leaves |
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