CN102249422A - Ecological restoration system and method for natural water - Google Patents
Ecological restoration system and method for natural water Download PDFInfo
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- CN102249422A CN102249422A CN2011101757706A CN201110175770A CN102249422A CN 102249422 A CN102249422 A CN 102249422A CN 2011101757706 A CN2011101757706 A CN 2011101757706A CN 201110175770 A CN201110175770 A CN 201110175770A CN 102249422 A CN102249422 A CN 102249422A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration system and an ecological restoration method for natural water, and belongs to the field of environmental protection and treatment. The system and the method are mainly used for ecological restoration of the natural water around a rural residential district, and aim to restore the ecological structure of the natural water around the rural residential district and are implemented by mainly using an ecological restoration technology and auxiliarily using certain engineering technological means. The system comprises a natural water part and an artificially planted plant part; the natural water part comprises original troughs, canals and ponds round the rural residential district; the artificially planted plant part comprises emergent aquatic plant, floating plant, submerged plant and slop protection plant; and the area of the artificially planted plant part is 35 to 50 percent of the total water area.
Description
Technical field
The restoration of the ecosystem system and the restorative procedure thereof of a kind of natural water of the present invention; be mainly used in the restoration of the ecosystem of rural settlements's periphery natural water; belong to environment protection and improvement field; be that a kind of ecologic structure with recovery rural settlements periphery natural water is a purpose; based on ecological reestablishment, be aided with restoration of the ecosystem system and restorative procedure that certain engineering means are realized.
Background technology
Domestic ecological reestablishment mainly is meant under the prerequisite that follows the course of nature at present, by using various means, the ecosystem restoration of degenerating or both be reconstructed into and keep the necessary function of system again, and to make system reach the state that the oneself keeps to greatest extent for the mankind be utilized.The water ecology recovery technique has now applied to the medium-and-large-sized river of China, wetland, lake, to recover its rudimentary aquatic ecosystem, makes it have higher ecological tolerance.Restoration of the ecosystem pattern in being applied on a large scale is ripe gradually, but also exists certain problem, as the technology underaction, can not fully adapt to for example rural area living environment and physical environment complicated and changeable of subenvironment; Forming view and Rural Landscape can not harmony; It is more high to build maintenance cost.When the natural water of rural settlements's periphery is repaired, except utilizing artificial means to reduce the discharging of polluting, also traditional ecotechnology should be combined with biologic treating technique, utilize the self-repairing capability of nature, under the assist measure of manually reseeding plant, producers and consumers in the balance water ecosystem, recover the capacity of self-regulation and the organizational capacity of water ecosystem, realize the restoration of the ecosystem of rural settlements's periphery natural water, recover the benign cycle of rural settlements's periphery natural stream networks ecosystem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the restoration of the ecosystem system and the restorative procedure thereof of a kind of natural water that weak points such as above-mentioned technique means is single, construction cost is too high, landscape effect is not good provide,---ecosystem of microorganism---animal---formations such as plant carries out self regulating and control and to the comprehensive purifying of pollutent to utilize soil, work simultaneously by various procedures such as absorption, microbiological deterioration, nitration denitrification, filtration, absorption, redox, finally set up stable natural water ecologic structure, natural water is developed to orderly direction.
The restoration of the ecosystem system of a kind of natural water of the present invention and restorative procedure thereof take following technical scheme to realize: a kind of restoration of the ecosystem system of natural water comprises natural water part and artificial growth plant part, natural water partly comprises the original ditch of rural settlements's periphery, canal, the pool etc., the artificial growth plant part comprises emergent, floating plant, submerged plant and bank protection plant, wherein emergent, floating plant, the submerged plant total area account for 35%-50% of the overall water surface, and the bank protection plant accounts for 60%-75% of bank protection area.Experiment shows that planting of waterplant can suppress the water temperature rising effectively, when the plant growing area is lower than 35%, can not reaches water ecology and repair purpose, and when cultivated area is higher than 50%, can increases the weight of environmental pressure and may cause serious ecological pollution consequence.The major function of bank protection plant is to conserve water and soil, make up harmonious plant community system, when the bank protection plant is lower than 60%, the stability of side slope and security can not be guaranteed, and when the bank protection plant is higher than 75%, growth and then the whole ecologic community of influence of waterplant can be influenced, and the soil ecology structural instability may be caused.
Described emergent accounts for 40%-45% of overall water surface plant growing area, floating plant accounts for 35%-40% of overall water surface area, submerged plant accounts for 15%-25% of overall water surface area, emergent and floating plant account for large percentage, can build good ecological microenvironment effectively, the use of submerged plant easily causes ecological pollution, so usage ratio is less, suitable prudent, the bank protection plant should be a quantitative criteria to cover the side slope area in practice.
Described emergent comprises iris, Rush, reed, cattail and calamus etc.
Described floating plant comprises poly-grass, duckweed and frogbit etc.
Described submerged plant comprises hornwort, water caltrop, black algae, eel grass and Herba potamogetonis distincti etc.
Described bank protection plant comprises herbaceous plant rye grass, Chinese small iris, arbor weeping willow, fruit mulberry, shrub sea-buckthorn, the twigs of the chaste tree etc.
A kind of restorative procedure of restoration of the ecosystem system of natural water may further comprise the steps:
(1) utilize original pond, the pool, ditch, canal etc., it is cleared up and renovates, described cleaning and regulation comprise removes mud, enlarging or reinforcing etc., makes it be suitable for waterplant and microbial growth.
(2) plant the artificial growth plant, carry out the scientific allocation of waterplant, improve the water body plant community, raising is to the processing rate of nitrogen, phosphorus in the sewage, alleviate carrying capacity of environment, improve the self-repairing capability of water body, the growth for microorganism and animal simultaneously provides the habitat.Nutritive substance during waterplant not only absorbs at the bottom of water body, the mud, multiple biological cluster is also adhered on the plant materials surface, and decomposing organic matter and nutritive salt increase water transparency, improve water quality, and waterplant can also suppress algae grows by allelopathy simultaneously.
(3) the bank protection plant of planting, by form soil to microorganism, microorganism to animal, animal is to the benign cycle biosphere of plant, carries out self regulating and control, sets up stable water ecosystem, improve the self-purification capacity of water body, make it carry out natural evolvement to orderly direction.
The present invention is by the transformation to the existing pond of rural settlements's periphery, the pool, ditch, canal, selectively carry out the scientific allocation of waterplant, alleviate carrying capacity of environment, improve the self-control and the repair ability of ecotope, recover the benign cycle of rural settlements's periphery natural stream networks ecosystem.
The restoration of the ecosystem system of a kind of natural water of the present invention and the advantage that restorative procedure has have:
1, suits measures to local conditions to realize zero disposal of pollutants, be provided with in conjunction with the rural area physical environment.
Advantages such as 2, have efficient energy-saving, technology is simple, and investment is saved, the construction period is short, and be rich in good landscape effect.
3, ecologic community's localization, species diversity is strong, and the ecosystem is stable, and no ecological risk promotes eco-environmental quality.
4, improve the hygienic condition and the ecotope of rural settlements surrounding area, had huge environmental benefit, can plant economical waterplant simultaneously, created economic benefit.
5, the adaptive faculty to the pollution load fluctuation is strong, and environmental influence is little, can not produce secondary pollution or cause pollutent to shift, and can reduce Pollutant levels to greatest extent.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below with reference to accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is a kind of orthographic plan of restoration of the ecosystem system of natural water.
Fig. 2 is a kind of sectional drawing of restoration of the ecosystem system of natural water.
Among the figure: 1, emergent, 2, floating plant, 3, submerged plant, 4, the bank protection plant.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 1 ~ 2, a kind of restoration of the ecosystem system of natural water comprises natural water part and artificial growth plant part, natural water partly comprises the original ditch of rural settlements's periphery, canal, the pool etc., the artificial growth plant part comprises emergent 1, floating plant 2, submerged plant 3 and bank protection plant 4, wherein emergent 1, floating plant 2, submerged plant 3 total areas account for 35%-50% of the overall water surface, and bank protection plant 4 accounts for 60%-75% of bank protection area.Experiment shows that planting of waterplant can suppress the water temperature rising effectively, when the plant growing area is lower than 35%, can not reaches water ecology and repair purpose, and when cultivated area is higher than 50%, can increases the weight of environmental pressure and may cause serious ecological pollution consequence.The major function of bank protection plant 4 is to conserve water and soil, make up harmonious plant community system, when bank protection plant 4 is lower than 60%, the stability of side slope and security can not be guaranteed, and when bank protection plant 4 is higher than 75%, growth and then the whole ecologic community of influence of waterplant can be influenced, and the soil ecology structural instability may be caused.
Described emergent 1 accounts for 40%-45% of overall water surface plant growing area, floating plant 2 accounts for 35%-40% of total water surface area, submerged plant 3 accounts for 15%-25% of total water surface area, emergent 1 and floating plant 2 account for large percentage, can build good ecological microenvironment effectively, the use of submerged plant 3 easily causes ecological pollution, so usage ratio is less, suitable prudent, bank protection plant 4 should be a quantitative criteria to cover the side slope area in practice.
Described emergent 1 comprises Rhizome of Grass leaf Sweelflag, Rush, reed, cattail and calamus etc.
Described floating plant 2 comprises poly-grass, duckweed and frogbit etc.
Described submerged plant 3 comprises hornwort, water caltrop, black algae, eel grass and Herba potamogetonis distincti etc.
Described bank protection plant 4 comprises herbaceous plant rye grass, Chinese small iris, arbor weeping willow, fruit mulberry, shrub sea-buckthorn, the twigs of the chaste tree etc.
A kind of restorative procedure of restoration of the ecosystem system of natural water may further comprise the steps:
(1) utilizes original pond, the pool, ditch, canal etc., it is cleared up and renovates, make it be suitable for waterplant and microbial growth.
(2) plant the artificial growth plant, carry out the scientific allocation of waterplant, improve the water body plant community, raising is to the processing rate of nitrogen, phosphorus in the sewage, alleviate carrying capacity of environment, improve the self-repairing capability of water body, the growth for microorganism and animal simultaneously provides the habitat.Nutritive substance during waterplant not only absorbs at the bottom of water body, the mud, multiple biological cluster is also adhered on the plant materials surface, and decomposing organic matter and nutritive salt increase water transparency, improve water quality, and waterplant can also suppress algae grows by allelopathy simultaneously.
(3) the bank protection plant 4 of planting, by form soil to microorganism, microorganism to animal, animal is to the benign cycle biosphere of plant, carries out self regulating and control, sets up stable water ecosystem, improve the self-purification capacity of water body, make it carry out natural evolvement to orderly direction.
Described cleaning and regulation comprise removes mud, enlarging or reinforcing etc.
The selection of artificial growth plant is set about from following three aspects:
Select the good plant of purifying water effect;
Select the plant that endemic native country plant or adaptive faculty are strong and plant in the native country that can suit for use, select alien species in right amount for use, avoid the alien species invasion;
Because it is bigger that latitude is crossed over by China, certain areas should be selected the cold resisting type waterplant for use according to weather condition.Generally, in south, rift district plantation emergent such as Rhizome of Grass leaf Sweelflag, Rush, middle ballow kind planting submerged plant such as hornwort, water caltrop, plant some floating plants again as poly-grass, utilize floating bed control, plantation bank protection plant such as rye grass and weeping willow and sea-buckthorn on the side slope; In the north, rift district plantation emergent reed, cattail, calamus, middle ballow kind planting submerged plant is planted some floating plants such as duckweed, frogbit again as black algae, eel grass, Herba potamogetonis distincti, utilize floating bed control, plantation bank protection plant such as Chinese small iris and the fruit mulberry and the twigs of the chaste tree on the side slope.In practice, select suitable waterplant to carry out the configuration of science according to regional adaptability.Matched combined by each kind of plant, build the environment that is fit to microorganism and growth of animal, thereby form the benign cycle ecosystem, the self-purification capacity of performance natural stream networks, final realization water body resource utilization and landscape, the benign cycle that recovers rural settlements's periphery natural stream networks ecosystem.
Claims (8)
1. the restoration of the ecosystem system of a natural water, it is characterized in that comprising natural water part and artificial growth plant part, natural water partly comprises the original ditch of rural settlements's periphery, Qu Hetang, the artificial growth plant part comprises emergent, floating plant, submerged plant and bank protection plant, and wherein artificial growth plant part area accounts for 35%-50% of the overall water surface.
2. the restoration of the ecosystem system of a kind of natural water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described emergent accounts for 40%-45% of artificial growth plant part, floating plant accounts for 35%-40% of artificial growth plant part, and submerged plant accounts for 15%-25% of artificial growth plant part.
3. the restoration of the ecosystem system of a kind of natural water according to claim 1 is characterized in that described emergent comprises Rhizome of Grass leaf Sweelflag, Rush, reed, cattail and calamus.
4. the restoration of the ecosystem system of a kind of natural water according to claim 1 is characterized in that described floating plant comprises poly-grass, duckweed and frogbit.
5. the restoration of the ecosystem system of a kind of natural water according to claim 1 is characterized in that described submerged plant comprises hornwort, water caltrop, black algae, eel grass and Herba potamogetonis distincti.
6. the restoration of the ecosystem system of a kind of natural water according to claim 1 is characterized in that described bank protection plant comprises rye grass, careless root of the tooth, Stem or leaf of Shrub Lespedeza, sea-buckthorn, the twigs of the chaste tree, weeping willow, Chinese small iris and fruit mulberry.
7. the restorative procedure of the restoration of the ecosystem system of the described a kind of natural water of claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) utilizes original pond, the pool, Gou Hequ, it is cleared up and renovates, make it be suitable for waterplant and microbial growth;
(2) plant the artificial growth plant, carry out the scientific allocation of waterplant, improve the water body plant community, raising is to the processing rate of nitrogen, phosphorus in the sewage, alleviate carrying capacity of environment, improve the self-repairing capability of water body, the growth for microorganism and animal simultaneously provides the habitat;
(3) the bank protection plant of planting, by form soil to microorganism, microorganism to animal, animal is to the benign cycle biosphere of plant, carries out self regulating and control, sets up stable water ecosystem, improve the self-purification capacity of water body, make it carry out natural evolvement to orderly direction.
8. the restorative procedure of the restoration of the ecosystem system of a kind of natural water according to claim 7 is characterized in that described cleaning and regulation comprise removing mud, enlarging or reinforcing.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102583762A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method for purifying eutrophication water in city by planting plant |
| CN103159324A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-19 | 上海交通大学 | Composite constructed wetland used for low pollution water purification treatment of farmlands and villages |
| CN103159304A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-06-19 | 安徽师范大学 | Application of water caltrop as algistat |
| CN103548529A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for building ecological slope protection by reasonably mixing and matching spiral shells with water plants |
| CN106904815A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-30 | 江苏江达生态环境科技有限公司 | A kind of natural water reparation, the method safeguarded |
| CN109279697A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-01-29 | 南京国能环保工程有限公司 | A kind of method that water plant repairs river water quality |
| CN109729931A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of building method in flood discharge buffering lake |
| CN110089383A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-06 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of ecological bank protecting method |
| CN117502166A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Vegetation space configuration method for wetland drainage ditch |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102583762A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method for purifying eutrophication water in city by planting plant |
| CN102583762B (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-06-05 | 江苏美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method for purifying eutrophication water in city by planting plant |
| CN103159304A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-06-19 | 安徽师范大学 | Application of water caltrop as algistat |
| CN103159324A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-19 | 上海交通大学 | Composite constructed wetland used for low pollution water purification treatment of farmlands and villages |
| CN103548529A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for building ecological slope protection by reasonably mixing and matching spiral shells with water plants |
| CN103548529B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2016-04-06 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of spiral shell and water plants are rationally mixed takes the method building ecological revetment |
| CN106904815A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-30 | 江苏江达生态环境科技有限公司 | A kind of natural water reparation, the method safeguarded |
| CN109279697A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-01-29 | 南京国能环保工程有限公司 | A kind of method that water plant repairs river water quality |
| CN109729931A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of building method in flood discharge buffering lake |
| CN110089383A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-06 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of ecological bank protecting method |
| CN110089383B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-08-31 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Ecological slope protection method |
| CN117502166A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Vegetation space configuration method for wetland drainage ditch |
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Application publication date: 20111123 |