CN102248280A - Thermit reaction foil, manufacturing method thereof and application thereof to welding process - Google Patents
Thermit reaction foil, manufacturing method thereof and application thereof to welding process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102248280A CN102248280A CN201110174434XA CN201110174434A CN102248280A CN 102248280 A CN102248280 A CN 102248280A CN 201110174434X A CN201110174434X A CN 201110174434XA CN 201110174434 A CN201110174434 A CN 201110174434A CN 102248280 A CN102248280 A CN 102248280A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermit welding and discloses a thermit reaction foil. The thermit reaction foil consists of aluminum and a metal oxide capable of generating the thermit reaction with the aluminum, wherein each of the aluminum and the metal oxide has a laminated structure with at least one layer; and the aluminum layer and the metal oxide layer are arranged sequentially in an overlapping mode. When excitation with certain heat is applied to one end face of the thermit reaction foil, the thermit reaction foil generates self-propagating reaction instantly and other thermite or melting solder is ignited by heat released by the reaction, so that materials are welded. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the thermit reaction foil has reaction time of only several milliseconds, high reaction heat release, high welding speed and high welding strength, can weld the materials with different coefficient of thermal expansion, and is easy to operate, applicable to welding of various armors and parts and emergent welding repair of battlefields and also applicable to welding of various fine parts.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aluminothermy welding technology field, be particularly related to a kind of thermit reaction paper tinsel and preparation method thereof, and this thermit reaction platinum is as the application in welding procedure of detonator, internal heat resource, be applicable to the welding of the welding of various tiny parts, various plate armour and part, and welding procedure such as field work of armored vehicle, battlefield emergency repairing.
Background technology
Utilize the reaction institute liberated heat smelting iron and the aluminium oxide of iron oxide and aluminium powder, it is applied in and has used 100 years in the welding nearly.This thermit reaction is most frequently used in high temperature outdoor studies such as track welding, and in use, molten metal flows into from smelting furnace in the mould to be welded, and low-density aluminium oxide swims in the upper strata of smelting furnace, removes at last.But the reaction needed of iron oxide and aluminium powder shifts to an earlier date preheating, and liberated heat also is not easy control, has therefore limited its range of application.
Ceramic material has the advantage of hardness height, light weight, and its defence capability to kinetic energy weapon and ammunition fragmentation is all very strong, has become a kind of protection plate armour that is widely used in equipments such as flak jackets, vehicle and aircraft at present.But aspect the welding and repairing of ceramic armour and armoring part thereof, mainly there are the following problems for traditional welding: the one, and the thermal coefficient of expansion between plate armour to be welded and part and the base material differs greatly, cause when welding cooling and temperature shock, weld seam produces stress, has a strong impact on weld strength; The 2nd, need welding equipment and electric equal energy source, and the armored equipment under the field condition does not carry not only with the car electric welding equipment, does not have power supply and gas storage equipment yet, therefore, traditional welding method can not satisfy the needs of armoring repairing; The 3rd, weld metal mostly is free crystallization, seam organization and density are not very high, so press for a kind of need not electricity, without the welding of the ceramic armour under gas and the simple condition of equipment, also solve the emergent repair by welding of field condition bottom plating equipment and part.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the shortcoming that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of thermit reaction paper tinsel and preparation method thereof is provided, this thermit reaction paper tinsel can be applied in the welding of welding, plate armour and the part thereof of tiny parts as detonator and internal heat resource, and in the welding procedure such as field work of armored vehicle, battlefield emergency repairing.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical purpose adopts is: a kind of thermit reaction paper tinsel, form by aluminium and metal oxide, described metal oxide can with aluminium generation thermit reaction, described aluminium and metal oxide are respectively the layer structure of one deck at least, and described aluminium lamination and metal oxide layer folded array successively.
As preferably, the thickness of described individual layer aluminium lamination and single metal oxide layer and be 10～50nm; The thickness of described thermit reaction paper tinsel is 5～50 μ m; Described metal oxide includes but not limited at least a in zinc oxide, di-iron trioxide or the cupric oxide be preferably zinc oxide.
With zinc oxide is example, as shown in Figure 1, thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention by the aluminium lamination of one deck at least and at least the alternately laminated arrangement of zinc oxide film of one deck form, when the end points along the thermit reaction paper tinsel fires this thermit reaction paper tinsel, the thermit reaction paper tinsel will react along direction shown in Figure 2, the atom of aluminium lamination and metal oxide layer fully mixes, associative key is by Zn-O, the Al-Al key changes Al-O into, the Zn-Zn key, bond energy reduces, emit a large amount of heat, reaction institute liberated heat has quickened near the mixing of atom, forms the automatic propagation reaction along the thermit reaction paper tinsel, this reaction can be finished in several microseconds, and reaction temperature reaches more than 1000 ℃.
Lighting the thermit reaction paper tinsel can adopt focus combustion, laser to light, burn and light and voltage such as lights at mode.When adopting voltage to light, apply the excitation voltage of about 12V at an end of thermit reaction paper tinsel, the thermit reaction paper tinsel will react along the Direction of Reaction shown in Figure 2.
The preparation method of thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention comprises the steps:
Step 1 a: substrate is provided, applies one deck photoresist at described substrate surface;
Step 2:, form sedimentary deposit on the photoresist surface at photoresist surface alternating deposit aluminium lamination and metal oxide layer;
Step 3: post-depositional substrate is immersed in the photoresist etching liquid, photoresist is dissolved, sedimentary deposit and substrate separation obtain the thermit reaction paper tinsel.
In the above-mentioned preparation method, described substrate is silicon chip or sheet glass, is preferably silicon chip; But described photoresist etching liquid is the solution of etching photoresists such as acetone; Described deposition process can be preferably magnetron sputtering deposition for ion beam sputter depositing or magnetron sputtering deposition.
Thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention can be used as detonator or internal heat resource is applied in the welding procedure.
Thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention comprises the steps: as the welding procedure of detonator
Step 1: preparation thermite;
Step 2: thermite is placed welding groove, thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention is placed thermite, part exposes;
Step 3: light the thermit reaction paper tinsel, this thermit reaction paper tinsel thermite that ignites;
Step 4: the extruding weld seam carries out densification, clears up overlap then.
In the described step 1, thermite preferably contains 20% aluminium powder, and 55～60% iron oxide, the particle diameter of aluminium powder are 20～30 orders, and the iron oxide particle diameter is less than 100 orders; The thickness of thermit reaction paper tinsel is preferably 5～50 μ m, and width is preferably 5～20mm.
In the described step 3, adopt but be not limited to focus combustion, laser and light, burn and light or the voltage ignition way is lighted the thermit reaction paper tinsel.
Described welding cell body includes but not limited to aluminium alloy or pottery.
Thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention comprises as the welding procedure of internal heat resource:
Step 1: two matrixes to be welded are provided, between described two matrixes, place the three-decker that constitutes by scolder, thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention and scolder;
Step 2: on matrix, exert pressure,, improve weld strength so that the scolder and the matrix of thermit reaction paper tinsel reaction back fusing are fully wetting;
Step 3: light the thermit reaction paper tinsel, the heat that the thermit reaction paper tinsel discharges fully dissolves scolder, and two matrixes are welded together, and welding is finished.
Described matrix includes but not limited to aluminium alloy, metal or pottery.
Compared with prior art, thermit reaction paper tinsel provided by the invention has following advantage:
1, reaction speed is fast, and the reaction time only is several milliseconds;
2, the heat of reaction release is very high, and reaction temperature can reach more than 1000 ℃;
Therefore, when thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention is applied in welding procedure as detonator or internal heat resource, the thermit reaction paper tinsel can be finished the welding between the materials having different thermal expansion coefficient, speed of welding is fast, weld strength is high, and it is simple to operate, be applicable to the welding of the welding of various tiny parts, various plate armour and part, and repair by welding such as field work of armored vehicle, battlefield emergency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is reaction schematic diagram and the Direction of Reaction of thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the manufacture craft structure chart of thermit reaction paper tinsel in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 be in the embodiment of the invention 1 the thermit reaction paper tinsel as the welding schematic diagram of detonator;
Fig. 5 be in the embodiment of the invention 1 the thermit reaction paper tinsel as the welding schematic diagram of internal heat resource.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is done and to describe in further detail.
Being labeled as in the accompanying drawing: thermit reaction paper tinsel 1, aluminium lamination 2, zinc oxide film 3, silicon chip 4, photoresist 5, thermite 6, welding groove 7, matrix 8, matrix 9, matrix 10, matrix 11, scolder 12.
As shown in Figure 1, thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 is made up of aluminium lamination 2 and zinc oxide film 3, aluminium lamination 2 and zinc oxide film 3 alternatively up and down stacked arrangement.The aluminium lamination 2 of individual layer is 10～50nm with the thickness sum of zinc oxide film 3, and the gross thickness of thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 is 5～50 μ m.
Above-mentioned thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 forms by the magnetron sputtering technique deposition.As shown in Figure 3, at first at silicon chip 4 surface-coated one deck photoresists 5, at these photoresist 5 surperficial alternating deposit aluminium lamination 2 and zinc oxide films 3, wherein, the purity of aluminium lamination 2 and zinc oxide film 3 is respectively 99.999% and 99.99% then, the atom ratio of sputter is 2: 3, the deposit thickness ratio is 1: 1.16, and chamber pressure is less than 10mTorr, and cavity atmosphere is high-purity argon gas, the thickness sum of deposition back individual layer aluminium lamination 2 and zinc oxide film 3 is 10～50nm, and the gross thickness of thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 is 5～50 μ m; At last, the silicon chip 4 that deposits aluminium lamination 2 and zinc oxide film 3 is immersed in the acetone soln, dissolve photoresist 5, silicon chip 4 is separated with thermit reaction paper tinsel 1.
The reaction schematic diagram of thermit reaction paper tinsel and the Direction of Reaction are as shown in Figure 2 in the present embodiment, when the excitation voltage that applies about 12V at an end of thermit reaction paper tinsel 1, thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 will react along the Direction of Reaction as shown in Figure 2, the atom of aluminium lamination 2 and zinc oxide film 3 fully mixes, associative key is by Zn-O, the Al-Al key changes Al-O into, the Zn-Zn key, bond energy reduces, emit a large amount of heat, reaction institute liberated heat has quickened near the mixing of atom, formation is along the automatic propagation reaction of thermit reaction paper tinsel 1, this reaction can be finished in several microseconds, and reaction temperature reaches more than 1000 ℃.
The reaction speed of above-mentioned thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 and the heat that reaction discharged are that prior art is incomparable, can improve traditional welding procedure under air, argon gas and vacuum environment significantly.
Thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 can be applied in the welding procedure as detonator.As shown in Figure 4, the welding procedure step is as follows:
1, at first modulate thermite 6 and place matrix 8 and matrix 9 between welding groove 7; Wherein, thermite 6 contains 20% aluminium powder, and particle diameter is 20～30 orders, and 55～60% iron oxide, particle diameter are less than 100 orders, and all the other are additive components such as silica, calcium oxide;
2, thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 is placed thermite 6, part exposes, and this moment, the thickness of reactive foil was 5～50 μ m, and width is 5～20mm;
3, the excitation voltage that applies about 12V at an end of thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 to be lighting thermit reaction paper tinsel 1, thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 thermite 6 that ignites;
4, the extruding weld seam carries out densification, clears up overlap at last, finishes welding.
Thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 can also be applied in the welding procedure as internal heat resource.As shown in Figure 5, the welding procedure step is as follows:
1, between matrix 10 and matrix 11, places scolder 12 and thermit reaction paper tinsel 1; Wherein, matrix 10 comprises alloy, metal or pottery, and matrix 11 comprises metal, alloy; Place scolder 12 on matrix 10, scolder 12 is tin or silver-colored tin solder, and thickness is placed thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 greater than 20 μ m on scolder 12, places scolder 12 again on thermit reaction paper tinsel 1, places another matrix 11 to be welded at last;
2, on matrix 11, apply the pressure of 10KPa,, improve weld strength so that the scolder 12 and the matrix 10 of the 1 reaction back fusing of thermit reaction paper tinsel are fully wetting with matrix 11;
3, the excitation voltage that applies about 12V at an end of thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 treats that to light thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 heat that thermit reaction paper tinsel 1 discharges fully dissolves scolder 12, and when matrix 10 and matrix 11 were welded together, welding was finished.
Said welding method has been eliminated the demand to stove and external heat source, local heating is provided, simple to operate, the welding efficiency height, not only finish welding but also can not damage the welding matrix, be very beneficial for different pottery of thermal coefficient of expansion and the welding between the metal material.
Claims (14)
1. thermit reaction paper tinsel, form by aluminium and metal oxide, described metal oxide can with aluminium generation thermit reaction, it is characterized in that: described aluminium and metal oxide are respectively the layer structure of one deck at least, and described aluminium lamination and metal oxide layer folded array successively.
2. thermit reaction paper tinsel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described metal oxide comprises at least a in zinc oxide, di-iron trioxide or the cupric oxide.
3. thermit reaction paper tinsel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the thickness sum of described individual layer aluminium lamination and single metal oxide layer is 10～50nm.
4. thermit reaction paper tinsel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the thickness of described thermit reaction paper tinsel is 5～50 μ m.
5. the preparation method of thermit reaction paper tinsel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1 a: substrate is provided, applies one deck photoresist at described substrate surface;
Step 2:, form sedimentary deposit on the photoresist surface at photoresist surface alternating deposit aluminium lamination and metal oxide layer;
Step 3: post-depositional substrate is immersed in the photoresist etching liquid, photoresist is dissolved, sedimentary deposit and substrate separation obtain the thermit reaction paper tinsel.
6. the preparation method of thermit reaction paper tinsel according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described substrate is silicon chip or sheet glass.
7. the preparation method of thermit reaction paper tinsel according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described photoresist etching liquid is an acetone.
8. according to the preparation method of the thermit reaction paper tinsel shown in the claim 5, it is characterized in that: described deposition process is ion beam sputter depositing or magnetron sputtering deposition.
9. a welding procedure of using claim 1 or 2 described thermit reaction paper tinsels is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: preparation thermite;
Step 2: thermite is placed welding groove, described thermit reaction paper tinsel is placed thermite, part exposes;
Step 3: light the thermit reaction paper tinsel, this thermit reaction paper tinsel thermite that ignites;
Step 4: the extruding weld seam carries out densification, clears up overlap then.
10. according to the preparation method of the thermit reaction paper tinsel shown in the claim 9, it is characterized in that: in the described step 2, the thickness of thermit reaction paper tinsel is 5～50 μ m, and width is 5～20mm.
11. the preparation method according to the thermit reaction paper tinsel shown in the claim 9 is characterized in that: in the described step 3, adopt focus combustion, laser to light, burn and light or mode that voltage is lighted is lighted the thermit reaction paper tinsel.
12. a welding procedure of using claim 1 or 2 described thermit reaction paper tinsels is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: two matrixes to be welded are provided, between described two matrixes, place the three-decker that constitutes by scolder, thermit reaction paper tinsel of the present invention and scolder;
Step 2: on matrix, exert pressure, so that the scolder and the matrix of thermit reaction paper tinsel reaction back fusing can be fully wetting;
Step 3: light the thermit reaction paper tinsel, the heat that the thermit reaction paper tinsel discharges fully dissolves scolder, and two matrixes are welded together, and welding is finished.
13. the preparation method according to the thermit reaction paper tinsel shown in the claim 12 is characterized in that: described matrix is aluminium alloy, metal or pottery.
14. the preparation method according to the thermit reaction paper tinsel shown in the claim 12 is characterized in that: in the described step 3, adopt focus combustion, laser to light, burn and light or mode that voltage is lighted is lighted the thermit reaction paper tinsel.
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| CN102848101A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-02 | 重庆理工大学 | Bi-component powder thermit for resistance welding of aluminum alloy |
| CN103159186A (en) * | 2011-12-10 | 2013-06-19 | 南京理工大学 | Three-dimensional ordered macroporous metal oxide based nano energetic material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103264222A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-28 | 合肥荣事达三洋电器股份有限公司 | Welding method for aluminium wire and copper wire for motor |
| CN103325698A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-25 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Methods of bonding components for fabricating electronic assemblies and electronic assemblies including bonded components |
| CN103506755A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-15 | 湖北威达电气有限公司 | Iron-based nonelectric welding device |
| CN103537823A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-01-29 | 武汉大学 | Self-propagating aluminum solder and welding rod |
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| CN107052569A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-08-18 | 宁波高新区远创科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-activity nano thermite |
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| CN103159186A (en) * | 2011-12-10 | 2013-06-19 | 南京理工大学 | Three-dimensional ordered macroporous metal oxide based nano energetic material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103325698A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-25 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Methods of bonding components for fabricating electronic assemblies and electronic assemblies including bonded components |
| CN103325698B (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2016-03-16 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | For the manufacture of the bonded block of electronic building brick method and comprise the electronic building brick of combined parts |
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| CN103264222A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-28 | 合肥荣事达三洋电器股份有限公司 | Welding method for aluminium wire and copper wire for motor |
| CN103506755A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-15 | 湖北威达电气有限公司 | Iron-based nonelectric welding device |
| CN103506755B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2016-04-06 | 湖北威达电气有限公司 | A kind of iron-based is without electric welding device |
| CN103537823B (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-06-03 | 武汉大学 | Self-propagating aluminum solder and welding rod |
| CN103537823A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-01-29 | 武汉大学 | Self-propagating aluminum solder and welding rod |
| CN103586582A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for connecting Cf/Al composite materials and TiAl through laser ignition self-propagating reaction auxiliary brazing |
| CN103586582B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of laser-induced combustion self-propagating reaction assistant brazing connects C fthe method of/Al composite and TiAl |
| CN107000132A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-08-01 | 恩德莱斯和豪瑟尔两合公司 | Active solder brazing material and the method for active solder brazing for component |
| CN105904084A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-08-31 | 温州职业技术学院 | Laser-induced thermite welding method |
| CN106624347A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-10 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Method for connecting heterogeneous light metal materials by applying nanometer reaction multilayer films |
| CN106847671A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Eliminate the method that laminated material premixes layer |
| CN106847671B (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2019-09-17 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | The method for eliminating laminated material premix layer |
| CN107052569A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-08-18 | 宁波高新区远创科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-activity nano thermite |
| CN115255592A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-11-01 | 华能国际电力江苏能源开发有限公司 | Bimetal welding method based on spontaneous heating induction eddy heating |
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