CN102247781B - Granular material filling machine for shell and tube reactor - Google Patents
Granular material filling machine for shell and tube reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102247781B CN102247781B CN 201110178174 CN201110178174A CN102247781B CN 102247781 B CN102247781 B CN 102247781B CN 201110178174 CN201110178174 CN 201110178174 CN 201110178174 A CN201110178174 A CN 201110178174A CN 102247781 B CN102247781 B CN 102247781B
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- hopper
- buffer
- guide pipe
- shell
- filling machine
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a granular material filling machine for a shell and tube reactor. The granular material filling machine comprises a hopper arranged on a supporting base, wherein the top of the hopper is provided with an inlet and one side of the lower part of the hopper is provided with an outlet; the outlet of the hopper is communicated with a vertical guide pipe; the lower end of the guide pipe is externally connected with column tubes of a reactor; a vibrator connected with the bottom surface of the hopper is fixed on the supporting base; the lower part of the hopper is provided with an inclined plate which leans to the outlet of the hopper, and a lower end of the inclined plate is flushed with the lower edge of the outlet of the hopper; a lifting device is arranged above the guide pipe, a sling and a group of buffers which are arranged along the axial direction of the sling at intervals are arranged in the guide pipe, and the buffers are connected with the lifting device through the sling; and the surfaces of the buffers are made of flexible materials. The granular material filling machine can uniformly fill granular materials into the column tubes at low speed, has a good filling effect and high efficiency, and can effectively improve the filling density and uniformity of the granular materials, and reduce the crushing rate of the granular materials in the filling process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of loader, especially a kind of particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor.
Background technology
At chemical field, the material filling of shell-and-tube reactor, especially Catalyst packing more and more comes into one's own.Catalyst is essential in chemical industry, and it is expensive, and can produce huge economic benefit.In use, the process that catalyst evenly is loaded into reactor is very important, because whether beds builds bridge, whether bed height unanimously will have influence on the homogeneity of bulk density and the Pressure Drop of bed, thereby has influence on the efficient of catalyst and the processing safety of reactor.Good filling can prevent that catalyst from breaking, extending catalyst service life; Can bring into play to greatest extent the catalyst in reactor performance, improve the actual treatment ability of reactor; Can improve the distribution situation of the gas phase that flows, suppress local pressure reduction rising and focus and emerge; Can improve product recovery rate; Can also be energy-conservation; Etc..
The Catalyst packing method that generally adopts at present both at home and abroad has funnel filling method and standard machinery filling method, and its defective has: speed is slow, easily builds bridge, Pressure Drop is inhomogeneous, it is many to do over again, efficient is low, fragmentation is serious etc.Along with the continuous expansion of chemical industry equipment production capacity, reactor diameter constantly increases, and catalyst amount strengthens gradually, in the urgent need to adapting to advanced packing method and the equipment of existing demand.
Find through retrieval, application number is the method and apparatus that 94113082.7 Chinese invention patent discloses a kind of uniform loading of catalyst tubes, its method comprises by two or more minutes flow steps incoming flow and each shunting that obtains is divided at least two plumes, on the incoming flow introducing tube sheet of shunting with catalyst granules that substantially equates with some grain fluxs and speed; Its equipment comprises the level board of many each intervals, have some equidimensions and separated by a distance and hole spacing on each plate, so that these holes the upright projection on the adjacent panel not with this plate on the hole concentric, the quantity of plate mesopore increases a hole at least subsequently, thereby becoming a mandarin of catalyst granules increases shunting by these holes.But this equipment can not guarantee even shunting, and any measure that prevents that catalyst from breaking more is not provided.
Application number is the method that 200410078601.0 Chinese invention patent application discloses a kind of loading catalyst, the method comprises: insert a kind of chain type material in reaction tube (being tubulation), so that the lower position of chain type material is higher than the upper end of catalyst layer; And in the reaction tube of multitubular reactor of fixed bed loading catalyst.Although this patent is pointed out the chain type material and can reduce the whereabouts speed of catalyst that in fact the Main Function of this chain type material is partition space, can not realize effective cushioning effect, more can not play the effect of even filling.
Application number is that 200480023666.3 Chinese invention patent discloses a kind of method that is less than or equal to the standpipe (being tubulation) of 50mm with catalyst granules filling internal diameter, comprise the filling servicing unit is introduced standpipe, wherein fill servicing unit and comprise flexible prolate body, and the ratio of the cross section of flexible prolate body and standpipe cross section is 0.003-0.08; And catalyst granules introduced standpipe.The flexible prolate body that the method is introduced mainly plays partition space, can not realize effective cushioning effect equally, can not play the effect of even filling.
It is a kind of with the tools for loading of solid particulate distributions in the pipe that application number is that 200780009292.3 Chinese invention patent application discloses, comprise center part, a plurality of substantially the same pivotal connection along the center part placement, each pivotal connection comprises at least two rigidity and opposite arm, and protruding and each pivotal connection is different from the rotation of adjacent pivotal connection from center part with 90 degree basically at least two rightabouts for this arm.Because what this instrument damper stretched out is arm-shaped part; can only play cushioning effect to the catalyst that drops down onto on the arm-shaped part; those catalyst that do not drop down onto on the arm-shaped part can continue to fall; until run into the arm-shaped part of certain damper or directly drop down onto the pipe end; therefore; this instrument can not carry out damping to all catalyst on the same cross section, can't play complete protective effect.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: overcome the problem that prior art exists, a kind of particle material filling machine that is used for shell-and-tube reactor that material (especially catalyst) low speed is evenly loaded is provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem is as follows: a kind of particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor, comprise the hopper that is placed on the base for supporting, and described hopper top is provided with import, lower side is provided with outlet; The outlet of described hopper is communicated with vertical guide pipe; The external reactor tubulation in described guide pipe lower end; It is characterized in that, be fixed with the vibrator that is connected with the hopper bottom surface on the described base for supporting; Described hopper bottom has the swash plate of tendency hopper outlet, and the low side of described swash plate is concordant with the hopper outlet lower limb; Described guide pipe top is provided with lowering or hoisting gear, is provided with hoist cable in the described guide pipe, reaches the pool of buffer device that arranges along the hoist cable axially spaced-apart, and described each buffer links to each other with lowering or hoisting gear through hoist cable; Described each buffer surface is made by flexible material.
The present invention adopts can be with the movable hopper of slight vibration about the vibrator, under cooperating, the swash plate of feed hopper bottom material can be sent and prevented that material from stopping up in the exit continuously by outlet, thereby the even blanking of control material, and blanking speed is determined, can be regulated as required by the vibrator Oscillation Amplitude, and these all are to realize the evenly prerequisite of filling effect; The buffer that one group of surface in the guide pipe on the hoist cable is made by flexible material can form multi-buffer, can effectively reduce material whereabouts speed, and make material evenly insert tubulation with enough low speed, is to realize the evenly further guarantee of filling effect; Lowering or hoisting gear can raising sling and buffer, makes buffer and bed of material end face keep certain distance, avoids buffer to be buried by material, further guarantees the even filling of material.Simultaneously, adopt said structure can prevent that material particles is broken, thereby reduce the percentage of damage of material particles.
During use, first the guide pipe lower end is stretched in the corresponding tubulation and with both center-aligned, again the hoist cable in the guide pipe is dropped in the tubulation together with buffer, and make least significant end buffer and tubulation bottom keep certain distance; Then with granule materials (especially catalyst) from the import hopper of packing into, simultaneously, hopper slight vibration up and down under the vibrator effect, material with the hopper oscillating movement to outlet and enter guide pipe; Under the layer by layer buffering of hoist cable and buffer, material falls in the tubulation slowly; In the filling process, lowering or hoisting gear is raising sling at the uniform velocity or intermittently, makes that the bed of material end face remains certain distance in least significant end buffer and the tubulation, until the filling end.
The present invention further perfect technical scheme is as follows:
1, described each buffer flare shape, described each buffer away from the cross-sectional area of the part of lowering or hoisting gear greater than the cross-sectional area near the part of lowering or hoisting gear; Described each buffer is fixedly connected with hoist cable is coaxial, and curved surface is caved in into to this buffer axis symmetry in the side of described each buffer.
Adopt the buffer of said structure can significantly improve buffering effect, can also avoid material poly-at the buffer table area, can further improve the filling effect of material.
2, described each buffer surface also have one group with the coaxial annular projection of this buffer or one group along the radially-arranged raised strip of this buffer or one group of granular projection.
3, described hoist cable surface has helical raised.
The projection on above-mentioned buffer surface and hoist cable surface all can further reduce material whereabouts speed, all has significant deceleration effect.
4, be provided with one group of vertical clapboard along the swash plate incline direction in the described hopper, described dividing plate is separated into one group of material-holding chamber with hopper; Described hopper outlet equates with material-holding chamber quantity, also is communicated with corresponding material-holding chamber respectively; Described guide pipe equates with hopper outlet quantity, also is communicated with corresponding hopper outlet respectively; In described guide pipe and lowering or hoisting gear all is placed in base for supporting is fixedly connected with the shell, described shell is relative with hopper outlet; Described hoist cable equates with guide pipe quantity and lays respectively in the corresponding guide pipe that described each hoist cable is connected with same lowering or hoisting gear.
Adopt this structure can make loader of the present invention load simultaneously several reactor tubulations, realize the scale filling, can significantly improve operating efficiency.
5, described each buffer size is identical; Described each buffer top minimum diameter be 0.4-1.0mm, bottom maximum gauge be the tubulation diameter 0.3-0.6 doubly, the distance of described each buffer lower limb and tubulation inwall by 1.2-2 times of filling material particle diameter.
Adopt the buffer of this size, can realize better evenly loading effect.
6, described each buffer is spacedly distributed; The distance of described each buffer bottom surface and buffer bottom surface, adjacent below is 0.6-2.0m.
Adopt this structure, the effect of slowing down step by step optimum can realize better evenly loading effect.
7, described hoist cable diameter is 0.5-3mm.
Find that after deliberation the hoist cable of this diameter range is remarkable to material particles deceleration effect.
8, described hopper outlet is communicated with guide pipe through charging hopper; Described charging hopper has flashboard.
Charging hopper can play a protective role to material, and flashboard can be controlled material and let pass, thereby further guarantees evenly filling.
9, the angle of described swash plate and hopper bottom surface is 5-25 °; Described swash plate has sieve aperture near the part of hopper outlet, and described screen-aperture is 1-3mm; Described swash plate below is provided with the control of dust drawer.
Adopt this structure the dust in the material particles or broken material particles can be screened out, and efficiency of screen out is high, can further reduce material particles in the bed of material percentage of damage, reduce in the tubulation content of invalid component in the bed of material, and further guarantee evenly to load effect.
The present invention is simple in structure, design ingenious, be easy to the carrying and dismounting, simple to operate; Granule materials low speed evenly can be filled in the tubulation, load effective, efficient is high, but the loading density of Effective Raise granule materials and the uniformity and reduce the percentage of damage of granule materials in the filling process; Also can avoid dust and the broken material particle tubulation of packing into.After adopting structure of the present invention, can guarantee that bed of material in the reactor tubulation (particularly catalyst bed) has good filling effect, reach the purpose of optimizing the shell-and-tube reactor service behaviour and increasing the service life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of embodiment of the invention loader.
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1 embodiment loader.
Fig. 3 is that the master of Fig. 1 embodiment loader looks cutaway view.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 embodiment guide pipe.
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of Fig. 1 embodiment buffer.
Fig. 6 is the top view of Fig. 1 embodiment buffer, and A is for having annular projection, and B is for having raised strip, and C is for having granular projection.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 embodiment hoist cable.
The specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.But the invention is not restricted to given example.
Embodiment
The particle material filling machine basic structure that is used for shell-and-tube reactor of present embodiment is shown in Fig. 1-7, the base for supporting 1 of roller 11 is housed bottom comprising, be mounted with hopper 2 (the present embodiment hopper is cuboid, also can select other shapes such as cylinder, spheroid, irregular body) on it; Be fixed with vibrator 12 (can be electronic or pneumatic vibrator unit) on the base for supporting 1, vibrator 12 is connected with hopper 2 bottom surfaces, can make hopper slight vibration about in the of 2.
Hopper outlet 22 is communicated with vertical guide pipe 3 through charging hopper 27; Charging hopper 27 has the flashboard (not shown); The quantity of guide pipe 3 equates with hopper outlet 22 quantity, also is communicated with corresponding hopper outlet 22 respectively; Each guide pipe 3 top is provided with and is respectively equipped with hoist cable 31 in lowering or hoisting gear 32, each guide pipe 3, reaches one group of buffer 33 that arranges along hoist cable 31 axially spaced-aparts, and each buffer 33 links to each other with lowering or hoisting gear 32 through hoist cable 31; Each guide pipe 3, lowering or hoisting gear 32 all are placed in the shell 4 that is fixedly connected with base for supporting 1, and shell 4 is relative with hopper outlet 22; Respective reaction device tubulation can be stretched into respectively in the lower end of each guide pipe 3; The quantity of hoist cable 31 equates with guide pipe 3 quantity and lays respectively in the corresponding guide pipe 3 that each hoist cable 31 is connected with same lowering or hoisting gear 32; Each hoist cable 31 be provided with one group spaced apart, can be contained in the buffer 33 in the guide pipe 3.
Need to prove that lowering or hoisting gear 32 adopts existing apparatus, such as the location reel that is subjected to micromachine control, or the fixed pulley of manually control etc., as long as can realize the function of lifting hoist cable.
Each buffer 33 surface is made by flexible material (such as existing flexible materials such as flexiplast, flexible rubbers); Each buffer 33 flare shape, each buffer 33 away from the cross-sectional area of the part of lowering or hoisting gear 32 greater than the cross-sectional area (also namely the upper end is thin, the lower end is thick) near the part of lowering or hoisting gear 32; Each buffer 33 and corresponding hoist cable 31 coaxial being fixedly connected with, curved surface is caved in into to this buffer axis symmetry in the side of each buffer 33; Each buffer 33 surface also have one group with the coaxial annular projection 331 of this buffer or one group along the radially-arranged raised strip 332 of this buffer or one group granular protruding 333; Each buffer 33 is measure-alike; Each buffer 33 top minimum diameter be 0.4-1.0mm, bottom maximum gauge be the tubulation diameter 0.3-0.6 doubly, the distance of each buffer 33 lower limb and tubulation inwall by 1.2-2 times of filling material particle diameter; On the same hoist cable 31, each buffer 33 is spacedly distributed; The distance of each buffer bottom surface and buffer bottom surface, adjacent below is 0.6-2.0m.
Need to prove that buffer 33 can adopt the surface by the structure that flexible material is made, remainder is made by rigid material, the structure that also can adopt surface and remaining part to make by flexible material.
Hoist cable 31 diameters are 0.5-3mm.Find that after deliberation the hoist cable of this diameter range is remarkable to material particles deceleration effect.
Test shows, after the employing present embodiment structure, can drop to the bed of material end face with the speed that is lower than 2 meter per seconds through the granule materials of buffering is final.
In addition, present embodiment buffer bottom hollow, a plurality of buffers can be folded into together easily, need not remove.
Present embodiment is particularly useful for the machinery filling that diameter is the fixed-bed column reactor catalyst feed of 20-40mm.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a particle material filling machine that is used for shell-and-tube reactor comprises the hopper that is placed on the base for supporting, and described hopper top is provided with import, lower side is provided with outlet; The outlet of described hopper is communicated with vertical guide pipe; The external reactor tubulation in described guide pipe lower end; It is characterized in that, be fixed with the vibrator that is connected with the hopper bottom surface on the described base for supporting; Described hopper bottom has the swash plate of tendency hopper outlet, and the low side of described swash plate is concordant with the hopper outlet lower limb; Described guide pipe top is provided with lowering or hoisting gear, is provided with hoist cable in the described guide pipe, reaches one group of buffer that arranges along the hoist cable axially spaced-apart, and described each buffer links to each other with lowering or hoisting gear through hoist cable; Described each buffer surface is made by flexible material; Described each buffer flare shape, described each buffer away from the cross-sectional area of the part of lowering or hoisting gear greater than the cross-sectional area near the part of lowering or hoisting gear; Described each buffer is fixedly connected with hoist cable is coaxial, and curved surface is caved in into to this buffer axis symmetry in the side of described each buffer.
2. the particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described each buffer surface also have one group with the coaxial annular projection of this buffer or one group along the radially-arranged raised strip of this buffer or one group of granular projection.
3. the particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described hoist cable surface has helical raised.
4. the described particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor of any one in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that is provided with one group of vertical clapboard along the swash plate incline direction in the described hopper, described dividing plate is separated into one group of material-holding chamber with hopper; Described hopper outlet equates with material-holding chamber quantity, also is communicated with corresponding material-holding chamber respectively; Described guide pipe equates with hopper outlet quantity, also is communicated with corresponding hopper outlet respectively; In described guide pipe and lowering or hoisting gear all is placed in base for supporting is fixedly connected with the shell, described shell is relative with hopper outlet; Described hoist cable equates with guide pipe quantity and lays respectively in the corresponding guide pipe that described each hoist cable is connected with same lowering or hoisting gear.
5. the described particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor of any one in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that described each buffer size is identical; Described each buffer top minimum diameter be 0.4-1.0mm, bottom maximum gauge be the tubulation diameter 0.3-0.6 doubly, the distance of described each buffer lower limb and tubulation inwall by 1.2-2 times of filling material particle diameter.
6. the described particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor of any one in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that described each buffer is spacedly distributed; The distance of described each buffer bottom surface and buffer bottom surface, adjacent below is 0.6-2.0m.
7. the described particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor of any one in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that described hoist cable diameter is 0.5-3mm.
8. the described particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor of any one in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that described hopper outlet is communicated with guide pipe through charging hopper; Described charging hopper has flashboard.
9. the described particle material filling machine for shell-and-tube reactor of any one in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that the angle of described swash plate and hopper bottom surface is 5-25 °; Described swash plate has sieve aperture near the part of hopper outlet, and described screen-aperture is 1-3mm; Described swash plate below is provided with the control of dust drawer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110178174 CN102247781B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Granular material filling machine for shell and tube reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110178174 CN102247781B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Granular material filling machine for shell and tube reactor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102247781A CN102247781A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102247781B true CN102247781B (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201110178174 Expired - Fee Related CN102247781B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Granular material filling machine for shell and tube reactor |
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| CN (1) | CN102247781B (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3052079B2 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-12 | 日本酸素株式会社 | Filling cylinder |
| CN101830354B (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2012-08-22 | 江苏天鹏石化特种工程有限公司 | Particle material filling machine |
| CN202124343U (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-01-25 | 周瑞 | Granular material filling machine for tubular reactor |
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- 2011-06-28 CN CN 201110178174 patent/CN102247781B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102247781A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
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