CN102231524A - Fully-controlled-converter-based active power filtering method - Google Patents
Fully-controlled-converter-based active power filtering method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fully-controlled-converter-based active power filtering method. In the method, the harmonic current of a power grid is taken as a controlled variable, and filtering, phase shifting, proportional amplification and operational processing are performed on a current signal to obtain a control signal for controlling a power unit of a fully-controlled converter by taking a voltage synchronizing signal as a reference, so that the fully-controlled converter generates modulation current which is equal to the harmonic current of the power grid and in a direction opposite to the harmonic current of the power grid to fulfill an active power filtering aim. In the method, a static var generator (SVG) structure and the fully-controlled converter are adopted, so the problems of harmonic waves of a high voltage system in the power grid can be effectively suppressed, quick response and high tracking accuracy are ensured, and the stability and reliability of the power grid can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that SVG realizes active power filtering, particularly a kind of method that adopts the SVG active power filtering of full-control type current device.
Background technology
Because the non-sinusoidal characteristics of non-linear and waveform of power electronic device, the electric current of the mains side (net side) of the electric drive automation equipment of being made up of power electronic device not only contains first-harmonic, also comprise abundant harmonic wave, bring bad influence can for the operation and the efficient of electrical network, other power consumption equipments that also can be docked in this utility network simultaneously bring some bad influence even harm.Harmonic wave mainly is to produce supplementary load loss to the influence of power supply transformation, electric rotating machine, and temperature rise increases, and the decline of exerting oneself influences insulation life.Harmonic wave is to the influence of cable and shunt capacitor, and when producing harmonic wave and amplify, shunt capacitor will damage because of overcurrent and overvoltage, will jeopardize the safe operation of whole electric power system when serious.Alternating voltage distortion may cause that the time interval of irreversible convertor equipment pilot angle do not wait, and by positive feedback the voltage distortion of amplification system, make the current transformer job insecurity, then may commutation failure take place and can't work, even damage convertor equipment inverter.Harmonic wave produces communication and disturbs, and makes watt metering produce error, also will produce harmful effect to relaying protection automatics and computer etc.
At present, mainly be to add passive filter at the harmonic problem solution in the mesohigh side, passive filter can provide capacitive reactive power when filtering, can produce benefit to the harmonic source of power factor height (such as ac-dc-ac inverter).Can not carry out dynamic compensation to varying loading simultaneously.Tradition realizes cooperating MCR or TCR type SVC, realize dynamically also filtering harmonic wave, but its major defect is as follows:
1) SVC equipment is half control type current device, need install additional FC cooperate with it just have from the capacitive to the perception adjustable continuously.Shortcomings such as simultaneously, FC needs the each harmonic component of filtering SVC self generation, and has installed capacity big, and the occupation of land space is big.
2) generally speaking, after SVC installed FC additional, generally 0～+ 100%, compensation range was little for the compensation range of SVC.
3) FC is a kind of passive solution, and its output offset current is directly proportional with line voltage.When grid voltage change is bigger, the ability of its compensating reactive power weakens greatly.
4) FC comes filtering by changing harmonic impedance into, can produce series parallel resonance in system, the harm power supply safety.
At present, adopt static reacance generator SVG (the Static Var Generator) technology of full-control type current device to realize that in the mesohigh side active power filtering also is a blank at home and abroad.Therefore, solve the SVG solution that dynamic passive compensation has the source filtering problem concurrently, have very strong exploitativeness and operability at the mesohigh side.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device, this method adopts the SVG structure, adopt the full-control type current device, the harmonic problem that can effectively suppress electrical network mesohigh system, and response speed is fast, the tracking accuracy height can improve the stability and the reliability of electrical network greatly.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device, this method is a controlled quentity controlled variable with the mains by harmonics electric current, this current signal via controller is carried out filtering, phase shift, ratio amplification, calculation process, obtain with the voltage synchronizing signal is the control signal of benchmark control full-control type convertor assembly power cell, make the modulated current of harmonic current opposite sign but equal magnitude in generation of full-control type convertor assembly and the electrical network, reach the purpose of active power filtering.
Described full-control type convertor assembly is voltage-dropping type two level power unit parallel connection type SVG structures or voltage-dropping type three level power unit parallel connection type SVG structures.
Described full-control type convertor assembly is voltage-dropping type Δ type chain type SVG structure or voltage-dropping type Y type chain type SVG structure.
Described full-control type convertor assembly is voltage-dropping type MMC type SVG structure or multipleization of voltage-dropping type SVG structure.
Described full-control type convertor assembly is non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type two level SVG structures or non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type three level SVG structures.
Described full-control type convertor assembly is direct hanging type Δ type chain type SVG structure, direct hanging type Y type chain type SVG structure or direct hanging type MMC type SVG structure.
Described controller comprises a plurality of signal processing subelements and master control subelement, and each signal processing subelement comprises filtration module, phase shift block, ratio amplification module, computing module, and the master control subelement is finished the control to the full-control type device;
Described filtration module comprises low pass, high pass filter and the band pass filter that each synchronous state signal is carried out filtering respectively, be used for the variable quantity of current signal is filtered low frequency, high frequency through low pass, high pass filter, handle through band pass filter again, obtain harmonic current components;
The harmonic current signal that described phase shift block is used for accepting filter unit output carries out phase place with the voltage synchronizing signal and corrects;
Described ratio amplification module is used for the current signal that phase shift is handled is carried out the ratio processing and amplifying;
Described computing module is used for that the current signal after phase shift, the ratio processing is weighted summation and handles the Comprehensive Control amount that obtains; This controlled quentity controlled variable is become the control signal of full-control type convertor assembly by functional operation.
Described full-control type switching device that convertor assembly adopts can be IGBT, GTO, IGCT, IEGT or other full-controlled switch device.
The active filter that this method adopted can be one or more, carries out Redundancy Design.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) response speed is fast
Distinguishing feature based on full-control type device convertor assembly is exactly that response speed is fast.Its main cause is to control arbitrarily the on off state of full-control type device (GTO, IGBT, IGCT, IEGT etc.) as required.And the switching frequency of device or equivalent switching frequency are often higher, and generally the switch number of times of each power frequency period can be from several times to tens times.Therefore, based on the system response time of full-control type device convertor assembly fast several times than SVC.
2) control precision height
Can adopt pulse-width modulation or pulse to hit mode such as phase shift based on full-control type device convertor assembly and control, add that its switching frequency is higher, just can each switch periods to system output regulate.In addition, system can also adopt the algorithm and the control method of more complicated, makes the tracking accuracy of system improve greatly.That is to say, can carry out the comprehensive regulation simultaneously to the each harmonic electric current of system, power quality problem such as idle based on full-control type device convertor assembly.
3) adjusting is more flexible
Can a filtering do not produce idlely,, must produce capacitive reactive power when having solved traditional F C filtering and cause the situation of mending for the high pressure ac-dc-ac inverter.Need compensating reactive power, can compensate capacitive and also can compensate perception, can also realize dynamic adjustments
4) not influenced by system voltage
FC is a kind of passive solution, and its output idle and line voltage square are directly proportional.When grid voltage change is bigger, the basic current of FC increases when the voltage crest, and filter effect reduces, and first-harmonic overvoltage or the superpotential problem of harmonic wave overcurrent can appear in capacitor.And be a kind of active solution based on full-control type device convertor assembly, its output offset current almost has nothing to do with line voltage.Filter effect is unaffected.
5) filter effect is better
The conventional filter filter effect is influenced by line voltage not only also to be subjected to system impedance to influence, and the more little filter effect of system impedance is poor more, and conventional filter also is subjected to the influence of condenser reactance device self parameter simultaneously.And SVG filtering is not subjected to system impedance to influence good wave filtering effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main wiring diagram of the active power filtering of full-control type current device;
Fig. 2 is the control principle figure of full-control type current device active power filtering;
Fig. 3 is the SVG control block diagram when adopting indirect current control method (voltage method);
Fig. 4 is the SVG control block diagram when adopting Direct Current Control method (current method);
Fig. 5 is voltage-dropping type two level power unit parallel connection type SVG structural representations;
Fig. 6 is voltage-dropping type three level power unit parallel connection type SVG structural representations;
Fig. 7 is a voltage-dropping type Δ type chain type SVG structural representation;
Fig. 8 is a voltage-dropping type Y type chain type SVG structural representation;
Fig. 9 is a voltage-dropping type MMC type SVG structural representation;
Figure 10 is multipleization of a voltage-dropping type SVG structural representation;
Figure 11 is non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type two level SVG structural representations;
Figure 12 is non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type three level SVG structural representations;
Figure 13 is a direct hanging type Δ type chain type SVG structural representation;
Figure 14 is a direct hanging type Y type chain type SVG structural representation;
Figure 15 is a direct hanging type MMC type SVG structural representation.
Embodiment
Be described in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device, this method is a controlled quentity controlled variable with the mains by harmonics electric current, this current signal via controller is carried out filtering, phase shift, ratio amplification, calculation process, obtain with the voltage synchronizing signal is the control signal of benchmark control full-control type convertor assembly power cell, make the modulated current of harmonic current opposite sign but equal magnitude in generation of full-control type convertor assembly and the electrical network, reach the purpose of active power filtering.
Fig. 1 is based on the main wiring diagram of the active power filtering method of full-control type current device, by detection of grid low-pressure side bus voltage, low-pressure side bus electric current, by the SVG control cubicle power network current signal is carried out Fu Li leaf-size class number then and launch, draw the each harmonic current value.Send triggering signal by the SVG controller at last, the IGBT cell operation is formed with the modulated current of mains by harmonics opposite sign but equal magnitude offset the harmonic wave that load produces in the electrical network.
According to user's needs, can on the 35kV bus, set up FC inductance capacitance device, or not add the FC canceller.
Controller comprises a plurality of signal processing subelements and master control subelement, and each signal processing subelement comprises filtration module, phase shift block, ratio amplification module, computing module, and the master control subelement is finished the control to the full-control type device;
See Fig. 2, the active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device may further comprise the steps:
1) detection of grid current signal changes into digital signal with the current signal (5A, 1A) of simulating and gives controller;
2) filtering; The power network current signal is filtered high and low frequency through the low pass high pass filter, carry out bandpass filtering through the band pass filter in the band pass filter again, obtain the synchronizing signal of line voltage;
3) phase place is corrected; The phase shift block that above-mentioned harmonic component signal is crossed is respectively separately again corrected phase place;
4) ratio is amplified; Signal after the rectification phase place carries out the gain ratio through the ratio amplification module again and amplifies;
5) calculation process; Through correct that phase place, ratio amplify the harmonic current signal sue for peace with the fundamental current signal, draw the Comprehensive Control amount;
6) above-mentioned Comprehensive Control amount becomes the IGBT triggering constantly through function.Controller is that synchronizing signal control IGBT triggers constantly with the PT signal, make produce in the SVG device with electrical network in the current signal and the counteracting of the harmonic current in the former electrical network of harmonic wave opposite sign but equal magnitude, reach the active power filtering purpose.
In the present embodiment, the full-control type current device is IGBT, also can be IGBT, GTO, IGCT, IEGT or other full-controlled switch device.
The SVG device comprises two types of voltage-dropping type and direct hanging types, and FC partly belongs to optional part.
In addition, an IGBT among the figure can be single Zhi Kaiguan device, also can be the serial or parallel connection of many IGBT.
Fig. 3 is the SVG control block diagram when adopting indirect current control method (voltage method).
Fig. 4 is the SVG control block diagram when adopting Direct Current Control method (current method).
Concrete structure type below in conjunction with accompanying drawing narration SVG device.
Fig. 5 is voltage-dropping type two level power unit parallel connection type SVG structural representations; Power cell is every to be made up of two inverse parallel switching device IGBT1, diode D1 rectification, and whole power model forms two level current transformer functions.
Voltage-dropping type two level power unit parallel connection type SVG are by the power cell parallel connection of adopting two level current transformers, rise to high-voltage parallel on electrical network by transformer T1 then.Voltage-dropping type two level power unit parallel connection type SVG mainly are made up of power cell, control unit, step-down transformer.
Fig. 6 is voltage-dropping type three level power unit parallel connection type SVG structural representations; Power cell is every to be made up of four inverse parallel switching device IGBT2, diode D2 clamper, and whole power model forms the three-level current transformer function.
Voltage-dropping type three level power unit parallel connection type SVG are by the power cell parallel connection of the three-level current transformer that adopts diode D2 clamper, rise to high-voltage parallel on electrical network by transformer T2 then.Voltage-dropping type three level power unit parallel connection type SVG mainly are made up of power cell, control unit, step-down transformer.
Fig. 7 is a voltage-dropping type Δ type chain type SVG structural representation; Individual event power cell A1 is every to be made up of four inverse parallel switching device IGBT3, diode D3 rectification, and whole power model forms the three-level current transformer function.
Voltage-dropping type Δ type chain type SVG is connected in series to the certain voltage grade by individual event power cell A1, and the three-phase Δ connects the back and rises to high-voltage parallel on electrical network by transformer T3.Voltage-dropping type Δ type chain type SVG mainly is made up of power cell, control unit, step-down transformer.
Fig. 8 is a voltage-dropping type Y type chain type SVG structural representation; Individual event power cell A2 is every to be made up of four inverse parallel switching device IGBT4, diode D4 rectification, and whole power model forms the three-level current transformer function.
Voltage-dropping type Y type chain type SVG is connected in series to the certain voltage grade by individual event power cell A2, rises to high-voltage parallel on electrical network by transformer T4 behind the three-phase Y connection.Voltage-dropping type Y type chain type SVG mainly is made up of power cell, control unit, step-down transformer.
Fig. 9 is a voltage-dropping type MMC type SVG structural representation; The abbreviation of modular multilevel current transformer (Modular Multilevel Converter) is a MMC type current transformer.MMC type current transformer and three-phase bridge current transformer are similar.Each brachium pontis is composed in series by a plurality of single-phase semi-bridge A3 that IGBT5 forms, and each brachium pontis mid point inserts step-down transformer T5 secondary side behind reactor L1.
Figure 10 is multipleization of a voltage-dropping type SVG structural representation; Multipleization of voltage-dropping type SVG is by a plurality of transformer T1, T2 ... Tn forms, and wherein, all current transformers 10 can shared one or more dc capacitor C, also can dispose electric capacity separately, and the effect of electric capacity is to provide operate as normal required direct voltage to current transformer.Current transformer 10 is made of three with common DC bus single-phase H bridges usually, and the output of each H bridge is connected to the low-pressure side of transformer.In the high-pressure side of each transformer, corresponding incorporate system into after respectively being in series.In addition, the method for the former secondary phase shift of transformer is adopted in the influence that the low-order harmonic that produces for the cancellation current transformer causes electrical network usually, connect as Y/Y, or the Y/ Δ connects (as Figure 10).
Figure 11 is non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type two level SVG structural representations; Non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type two level SVG form high-voltage power unit A4 by power device IGBT6 series connection earlier, and the high-voltage power unit A4 of these power device series connection reconstructs the output of two level and inserts electrical network then.Non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type two level SVG mainly are made up of power device Series Sheet unit, control unit, access reactor.
Figure 12 is non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type three level SVG structural representations; Non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type three level SVG form high-voltage power unit A5 by power device IGBT7 series connection earlier, and the high-voltage power unit A5 of these power device series connection reconstructs the output of three level and inserts electrical network then.Non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type three level SVG mainly are made up of power device Series Sheet unit, control unit, access reactor.
Figure 13 is a direct hanging type Δ type chain type SVG structural representation; Individual event power cell A6 is every to be made up of four inverse parallel switching device IGBT8, diode D9 rectification, and whole power model forms the three-level current transformer function.
Direct hanging type Δ type chain type SVG directly is connected in series to voltage levels by individual event power cell A6, and the three-phase Δ connects the back and directly inserts electrical network.Direct hanging type Δ type chain type SVG mainly is made up of power cell, control unit, access reactor.
Figure 14 is a direct hanging type Y type chain type SVG structural representation; Individual event power cell A7 is every to be made up of four inverse parallel switching device IGBT9, diode D10 rectification, and whole power model forms the three-level current transformer function.
Direct hanging type Y type chain type SVG directly is connected in series to voltage levels by individual event power cell A7, directly inserts electrical network behind the three-phase Y connection.Direct hanging type Y type chain type SVG mainly is made up of power cell, control unit, access reactor.
Figure 15 is a direct hanging type MMC type SVG structural representation.Each brachium pontis of MMC type current transformer is composed in series by a plurality of single-phase semi-bridge A8, and each brachium pontis mid point directly inserts electrical network through reactor L2, does not need step-down transformer.
Claims (9)
1. based on the active power filtering method of full-control type current device, it is characterized in that, this method is a controlled quentity controlled variable with the mains by harmonics electric current, this current signal via controller is carried out filtering, phase shift, ratio amplification, calculation process, obtain with the voltage synchronizing signal is the control signal of benchmark control full-control type convertor assembly power cell, make the modulated current of harmonic current opposite sign but equal magnitude in generation of full-control type convertor assembly and the electrical network, reach the purpose of active power filtering.
2. the active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described full-control type convertor assembly is voltage-dropping type two level power unit parallel connection type SVG structures or voltage-dropping type three level power unit parallel connection type SVG structures.
3. the active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described full-control type convertor assembly is voltage-dropping type Δ type chain type SVG structure or voltage-dropping type Y type chain type SVG structure.
4. the active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described full-control type convertor assembly is voltage-dropping type MMC type SVG structure or multipleization of voltage-dropping type SVG structure.
5. the active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described full-control type convertor assembly is non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type two level SVG structures or non-voltage-dropping type device tandem type three level SVG structures.
6. the active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described full-control type convertor assembly is direct hanging type Δ type chain type SVG structure, direct hanging type Y type chain type SVG structure or direct hanging type MMC type SVG structure.
7. the active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises a plurality of signal processing subelements and master control subelement, each signal processing subelement comprises filtration module, phase shift block, ratio amplification module, computing module, and the master control subelement is finished the control to the full-control type device;
Described filtration module comprises low pass, high pass filter and the band pass filter that each synchronous state signal is carried out filtering respectively, be used for the variable quantity of current signal is filtered low frequency, high frequency through low pass, high pass filter, handle through band pass filter again, obtain harmonic current components;
The harmonic current signal that described phase shift block is used for accepting filter unit output carries out phase place with the voltage synchronizing signal and corrects;
Described ratio amplification module is used for the current signal that phase shift is handled is carried out the ratio processing and amplifying;
Described computing module is used for that the current signal after phase shift, the ratio processing is weighted summation and handles the Comprehensive Control amount that obtains; This controlled quentity controlled variable is become the control signal of full-control type convertor assembly by functional operation.
8. according to any described active power filtering method among the claim 1-6 based on the full-control type current device, it is characterized in that described full-control type switching device that convertor assembly adopts can be IGBT, GTO, IGCT, IEGT or other full-controlled switch device.
9. the active power filtering method based on the full-control type current device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the active filter that this method adopted can be one or more, carries out Redundancy Design.
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| CN102496939A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-06-13 | 华北电网有限公司唐山供电公司 | High-voltage static VAR generator (SVG) capable of being operated in parallel and controlled under constant voltage |
| CN104319769A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-28 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司朝阳供电公司 | SVG active filtering control method |
| CN104410256A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-11 | 湖南大学 | Active filter system containing modular multilevel converter and control method thereof |
| CN113267726A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏大学 | Fault harmonic current detection device and method for permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| CN104319769A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-28 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司朝阳供电公司 | SVG active filtering control method |
| CN104410256A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-11 | 湖南大学 | Active filter system containing modular multilevel converter and control method thereof |
| CN113267726A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏大学 | Fault harmonic current detection device and method for permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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Application publication date: 20111102 |