CN102230788B - Self-calibration device and method for measuring parallelism of laser receiving and transmitting optical axes - Google Patents
Self-calibration device and method for measuring parallelism of laser receiving and transmitting optical axes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102230788B CN102230788B CN201110166304A CN201110166304A CN102230788B CN 102230788 B CN102230788 B CN 102230788B CN 201110166304 A CN201110166304 A CN 201110166304A CN 201110166304 A CN201110166304 A CN 201110166304A CN 102230788 B CN102230788 B CN 102230788B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-calibration device and method for measuring the parallelism of laser receiving and transmitting optical axes. The device comprises an analog echo source, a two-dimensional light beam pointing scanning unit, a system self-detection light path component, a receiving optical axis offset regulating unit and a light beam monitoring and data processing unit. The device and the method can meet measurement of coaxial or common-path laser receiving and transmitting coaxiality and can be used for measuring the parallelism of non-coaxial optical axes of different offsets. The device is mainly characterized by having a self-calibration function so that the state of the device can be monitored at any time and an optical axis offset adjusting function so that the parallelism test of optical axels of different offsets can be met, thereby being particularly suitable for calibrating and testing a laser positive photoelectric instrument.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the parallelism of optical axis measuring technique, be meant a kind of measurement mechanism and method especially with laser transmitting-receiving system optical axis depth of parallelism of self-calibration function.
Background technology
Laser initiatively photoelectric instrument is a kind of active contemporary optics remote sensing equipment, is the extension to the optics frequency range of traditional radio or microwave radar (radar).Because the shortening of used detection wavelength and the reinforcement of directivity, space, the time resolution of system all are greatly improved.
The satellite borne laser remote sensing system that has at home and abroad developed mainly comprises laser altimeter, range finder using laser, laser radar etc.; Laser remote sensing system is the space exploration distance value accurately; Not only can be applied to the detection of celestial body surface three dimension height number; Can also be applied to tracking, location and navigation, in space science detection and military affairs, will play a significant role extraterrestrial target.
High spatial resolution and long-range detection are the development trends of active photoelectric instrument; It is as far as possible little that this just requires laser beam divergence and echo to receive instantaneous field of view; That have even reach the microradian magnitude, objectively the parallelism of optical axis that transmits and receives to this quasi-instrument has proposed very high requirement.
The optical axis of transmitting-receiving optical system whether aim at by strictness, with the reception that directly influences backward energy, even possibly not receive echo, influences the operate as normal of total system.Initiatively photoelectric instrument is after assembling and debugging completion, and whether necessary detection system transmitting-receiving optical axis is parallel, whether reaches optimum performance to judge instrument.In addition, after the instrument assembling is accomplished, in use can receive the influence of varying environments such as power, heat, electricity, therefore, the variation of the depth of parallelism of the optical axis of detecting instrument transmitting-receiving accurately is very important for the state of the art of confirming instrument.
Existing method of testing and technology are generally all developed a cover corresponding testing device to each laser system; As: the test of mars exploration laser altimeter MOLA and exploration of Mercury laser altimeter MLA, and China's patent " a kind of proving installation and process patent application number 200710040397.7 of Laser Measurement range measurement system transmitting-receiving axle registration " described method of testing and device.
Said method and device have the deficiency of two aspects: the one, and device can't self calibration, and the 2nd, device can not adapt to the test of the transmitting-receiving optical axis of different side-play amounts.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome existing apparatus can't self-alignment defective; Improve the adaptability of proving installation simultaneously; A kind of laser transmitting-receiving parallelism of optical axis measuring method and device that possesses self-calibration function proposed, so that be applicable to the initiatively parallelism of optical axis test of photoelectric instrument of laser of different side-play amounts.
Proving installation of the present invention mainly comprises: reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3, analogue echo source 4, two-dimentional light beam point to scanning element 5, System self-test optical path component 6 and receive light shaft offset adjustment unit 7.Wherein: described analogue echo source 4 is made up of fiber laser 401, beam collimation device 402 and aperture diaphragm 403, is used for the simulated laser echo; Described System self-test optical path component 6 is by the spectroscope 602 of the spectroscope of a vertical incidence 601, two 45 ° of incidents; 603 and plane mirrors 604 are formed; Be used to produce the reference beam D and the analogue echo light beam C that are parallel to each other; Analogue echo light beam C is received by system under test (SUT), and the benchmark when reference beam D is incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 promptly as initial light path adjustment also is used for the proving installation self calibration simultaneously; Described reception light shaft offset adjustment unit 7 is made up of two first plane mirrors 701 that are parallel to each other and second plane mirror 702, and effect is to adjust the outgoing position of analogue echo light beam to adapt to the transmitting-receiving axle offset amount of different tested instruments.
Self-correcting pseudotype laser transmitting-receiving parallelism of optical axis measuring method of the present invention is realized by following steps.
A: self calibration implementation.
Shown in Fig. 1; The light beam B that send in analogue echo source 4 is through behind the spectroscope 601 of vertical incidence; A part is gone out from 45 ° of incident spectroscope 602 transmissions as analogue echo light beam C and is treated that examining system receives; Another part reflection back is reflexed to plane mirror 604 by No. two 45 ° of incident spectroscopes 603 earlier, is divided into two bundles by the light of plane mirror 604 reflected backs, a branch ofly is incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 as reference beam D; After returning, another Shu Jingyuan road reflected by the spectroscope 601 of vertical incidence again, through being incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 once more as self calibration light beam E after the identical light path of first bundle.Under the device normal operating conditions; The hot spot that reference beam D and self calibration light beam E form in reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 overlaps fully; If some or several elements depart from the light path; The hot spot of two-beam can depart from reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 equally, thus the self calibration of implement device.
B: parallelism of optical axis measuring method.
Shown in Fig. 1; After the light beam B that send in analogue echo source 4 points to scanning element 5 through two-dimentional light beam; Form reference beam D and the analogue echo light beam C that is parallel to each other by System self-test optical path component 6, wherein reference beam D is incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3, forms hot spot; Analogue echo light beam C is treated that through receiving 7 outgoing of light shaft offset adjustment unit the laser pick-off unit 102 of examining system receives.When parallelism of optical axis is measured, treat that at first the laser emission element 101 outgoing beam A of examining system 1 form hot spot through being incident in the reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 behind the attenuator 2, regulate and treat examining system; The spot center that light beam A is focused on overlaps with reference beam D spot center; At this moment, treat that the emission optical axis of examining system is parallel with analogue echo light beam C sensing, regulate light shaft offset adjustment unit 7; Make and treat that examining system can receive analogue echo light beam C, treat that examining system receiving element 102 has signal output.Drive two-dimentional light beam and point to scanning element 5; Two dimension changes the direction of analogue echo and monitors the intensity of system output signal to be measured; Note and treat examining system two ends, visual field inswept distance of hot spot that just reference beam D forms during non-output signal on a certain direction on reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3, the further calculating of the data of adjusting the distance can be treated the depth of parallelism of examining system at the transmitting-receiving optical axis that this side up.
Concrete measuring method step is following.
1) starts analogue echo source 4; The light beam B that measurement mechanism sends analogue echo source 4 fiber lasers 401 is divided into reference beam D and analogue echo light beam C; Wherein reference beam D is incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 and forms hot spot, and analogue echo light beam C is through receiving 7 outgoing of light shaft offset adjustment unit.
2) examining system is treated in adjusting, and the laser emission element 101 outgoing beam A that treat examining system 1 are overlapped with the spot center of reference beam D through being incident to the hot spot that forms in the reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 behind the attenuator 2.
3) regulate light shaft offset adjustment unit 7, make and treat that examining system can receive analogue echo light beam C, treat that examining system receiving element 102 has signal output.
4) drive two-dimentional light beam and point to scanning element 5; Two dimension changes the direction of analogue echo C and monitors the intensity of system output signal to be measured, note treat examining system two ends, visual field hot spot that just reference beam D forms on reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 during non-output signal on a certain direction inswept apart from a and b.
5) depth of parallelism α of laser active photoelectric instrument transmitting-receiving optical axis on this measurement direction does.
[0021]Wherein, f ' is the focal length of optical lens 31 in the reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3.
The present invention can not only satisfy coaxial type or the measurement of light path type laser transmitting-receiving right alignment altogether; And can measure the depth of parallelism of the non co axial optical axis of different side-play amounts; Its characteristics are mainly reflected in: 1) possess self-calibration function, at any time the state of monitoring device; 2) possess light shaft offset adjustment function, can satisfy the parallelism of optical axis test of different side-play amounts.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the proving installation index path.
Figure (a) is the index path of System self-test optical path component 6 among Fig. 2, and under perfect condition, this moment, reference beam D was parallel with self calibration light beam E; Figure (b) be the index path of System self-test optical path component 6, wherein some elements (as dotted portion among the figure 602) and imbalance appears, reference beam D and self calibration light beam E are not parallel at this moment, the two hot spot in reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3 does not overlap.
Embodiment
Provide a better embodiment of this patent and do detailed elaboration below in conjunction with Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 is the index path of proving installation, and wherein used device is: attenuator 2 adopts the neutral density attenuator; Optical lens 31 adopts reflective telephotolens in the reflection type optical beam analysis unit 3, and beam analysis appearance 32 is the beam analysis appearance of U.S. Coherent company; Fiber laser 401 is the pulse optical fiber of bright prosperous company in the analogue echo source 4, and beam collimation device 402 is for the optical fiber collimator of Thorlabs company adds 10 * beam expander, and aperture diaphragm 403 is an iris; Two-dimentional light beam scanning element 5 can adopt two wedge scanners, and wherein the wedge angle of wedge is 0.5 °, the angle universal stage adopt the Shanghai friendship ties TRB ?m ?1 ?1 type universal stage; The spectroscope 601 of vertical incidence is the 1:1 light splitting piece of vertical incidence in the self check optical path component 6, and 45 ° of incident spectroscopes 602 are that 45 ° of incident splitting ratios are the 9:1 light splitting piece, and No. two 45 ° of incident spectroscopes 603 are that 45 ° of incident splitting ratios are the 1:1 light splitting piece; Light shaft offset adjustment unit 7 is made up of two catoptrons that are parallel to each other.
The proving installation that adopts above device to build by the method in this patent is tested the transmitting-receiving axle registration of certain laser range finder, and precision can reach the rad level.
Claims (2)
1. self-correcting pseudotype laser transmitting-receiving parallelism of optical axis measurement mechanism; It comprises that reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3), analogue echo source (4), two-dimentional light beam point to scanning element (5), System self-test optical path component (6) and receive light shaft offset adjustment unit (7), is characterized in that:
The said analogue echo source (4) that is used for the simulated laser echo is made up of fiber laser (401), beam collimation device (402) and aperture diaphragm (403); Described System self-test optical path component (6) is made up of the spectroscope (602,603) and a plane mirror (604) of the spectroscope (601) of a vertical incidence, two 45 ° of incidents; The outgoing position that is used to adjust the analogue echo light beam is made up of two first plane mirrors (701) that are parallel to each other and second plane mirror (702) with the said reception light shaft offset adjustment unit (7) of the transmitting-receiving axle offset amount that adapts to different tested instruments;
Device optical axis self calibration implementation is following: the light beam B that send analogue echo source (4) is through behind the spectroscope (601) of vertical incidence; A part is gone out from 45 ° of incident spectroscopes (602) transmission as analogue echo light beam C and is treated that examining system receives; Another part reflection back is reflexed to plane mirror (604) by No. two 45 ° of incident spectroscopes (603) earlier; Light by plane mirror (604) reflected back is divided into two bundles; A branch ofly be incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3) as reference beam D; After returning, another Shu Jingyuan road,, installs under the normal operating conditions through being incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3) once more as self calibration light beam E after the identical light path of first bundle again by the spectroscope of vertical incidence (601) reflection; The hot spot that reference beam D and self calibration light beam E form in reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3) overlaps fully; If some or several elements depart from the light path, the hot spot of two-beam can depart from reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3) equally, thus the self calibration of implement device;
Device parallelism of optical axis metering system is following; After the light beam B that send in analogue echo source (4) points to scanning element (5) through two-dimentional light beam; Form reference beam D and the analogue echo light beam C that is parallel to each other by System self-test optical path component (6), wherein reference beam D is incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3) and forms hot spot; Analogue echo light beam C is treated that through receiving light shaft offset adjustment unit (7) outgoing the laser pick-off unit (102) of examining system receives; When parallelism of optical axis is measured; Laser emission element (101) the outgoing beam A that at first treats examining system (1) is incident to after through attenuator (2) and forms hot spot in the reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3); Examining system is treated in adjusting, and the spot center that light beam A is focused on overlaps with reference beam D spot center; Regulate light shaft offset adjustment unit (7); Make and treat that examining system can receive analogue echo light beam C; There is signal output the laser pick-off unit (102) of treating examining system; Drive two-dimentional light beam and point to scanning element (5); Two dimension changes the direction of analogue echo C and monitors the intensity of system output signal to be measured, note treat examining system on a certain direction the two ends, visual field just during non-output signal reference beam D go up the inswept distance of hot spot that forms in reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3), the further calculating of the data of adjusting the distance can be treated the depth of parallelism of examining system at the transmitting-receiving optical axis that this side up.
2. one kind based on the laser of the device according to claim 1 measuring method of photoelectric instrument transmitting-receiving parallelism of optical axis initiatively: it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) starts analogue echo source (4); The light beam B that measurement mechanism sends the fiber laser (401) in analogue echo source (4) is divided into reference beam D and analogue echo light beam C; Wherein reference beam D is incident to reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3) and forms hot spot, and analogue echo light beam C is through receiving light shaft offset adjustment unit (7) outgoing;
2) regulate and to treat examining system, make laser emission element (101) the outgoing beam A that treats examining system (1) be incident to the hot spot that forms in the reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3) after through attenuator (2) and overlap with the spot center of reference beam D;
3) regulate light shaft offset adjustment unit (7), make and treat that examining system can receive analogue echo light beam C, treat that there is signal output the laser pick-off unit (102) of examining system;
4) drive two-dimentional light beam and point to scanning element (5); Two dimension changes the direction of analogue echo C and monitors the intensity of system output signal to be measured, note treat examining system on a certain direction the two ends, visual field just during non-output signal reference beam D go up in reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3) hot spot that forms inswept apart from a and b;
5) depth of parallelism α of laser active photoelectric instrument transmitting-receiving optical axis on this measurement direction is:
Wherein, f ' is the focal length of optical lens (31) in the reflection type optical beam analysis unit (3).
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