CN102229077B - High-precision double-sided grinding method of annular parts with unequal areas of two end surfaces - Google Patents
High-precision double-sided grinding method of annular parts with unequal areas of two end surfaces Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-precision double-sided grinding method and machine of annular parts with unequal areas of two end surfaces. According to a rule that the rotating speed and the grinding amount of a grinding wheel of a grinding machine are proportionable, a motor transducer is additionally arranged on a circuit of an assisted grinding system of the grinding machine, the area ratios of two different end surfaces of different parts are converted into different grinding amount ratios so that the frequency ratio and the rotating speed ratio are further adjusted; an appropriate rotating speed ratio of a reference grinding wheel and an assisted grinding wheel is reached by changing and controlling the frequency of the assisted grinding wheel circuit; requirements on thickness, roughness, planarity, parallelism and the like can be stably reached or exceeded finally; the production efficiency is greatly increased and is 28 times that of the common M7160; the production cost is effectively reduced; and the batch production of the parts is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method and process equipment of Double End part, be specifically related to method and grinding machine that a kind of annular metal part that the both ends of the surface areas such as bearer ring, friction plate, valve block and packing ring are not waited carries out the processing of high accuracy double-side grinding.
Background technology
Double End annular metal part shown in Fig. 1-2 is widely used in the various mechanical mechanisms of the industries such as automobile, tractor, internal combustion engine, such as the pad in automobile gearbox, the engine, the piston ring in the internal combustion engine etc.This class part is disc or annular, characteristics are that material is generally 20Cr or 20# steel, part thickness is 5-10mm, the outside dimension of disc or annular element is between 50-80mm, the hole of annular element is circular hole or square tooth and spline tooth, and its end face is characterized as the both ends of the surface surface area and does not wait, and large end is for whole or have difformity and the oil storage tank of quantity, small end face generally has sloping platform, needs turning machine-shaping.This type of part generally plays location or corrective action on function, thereby high to the requirement of thickness and dimensional accuracy, and especially opposite end facial plane degree, the depth of parallelism, roughness require high; Product uses function and material selection to determine that part needs through the carbo-nitriding Quenching Treatment, operation after the heat treatment should keep the uniformity of rigidity layer, heat treated specification requirement is carbo-nitriding, the Available Hardened Depth (HV1550) 0.3-0.5, case hardness HV10 〉=650.
The finishing operation that the fine ginding operation is generally produced as this type of part, common method for grinding has:
1. adopt the double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle grinding.When the method grinding thickness arrived the designing requirement size, the large end face that part often can occur failed all to grind, and flatness does not reach requirement, and the surplus of both ends of the surface grinding does not wait, and the uniformity of rigidity layer does not guarantee.
2. adopting Hangzhou machine tool plant model is surface grinding machine with horizontal spindle and rectangular table (hereinafter all referred to as the M7160 surface grinding machine) grinding of M7160 * 16/HZ.The method needs repeatedly turn-over grinding, and flatness only can reach 0.04mm, and the pincers worker of still needing is carried out proofreading and correct the requirement that just can reach 0.03mm by hand, thereby efficient is extremely low, per 8 hours one class only can grinding more than 200 parts.
3. adopt vertical surface grinding machine with round table to cooperate grinding with the M7160 surface grinding machine.The method is roughly ground respectively two end faces of part with vertical surface grinding machine with round table first, reserve 0.04 correct grinding amount for every, with the M7160 surface grinding machine two end faces of part are finish grinded respectively (still needing pincers worker correcting plane degree) again, but per 8 hours one class of grinding more than 400 parts.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: do not wait annular element in the high-precision requirement of the aspects such as thickness, roughness, flatness, the depth of parallelism for the both ends of the surface area, and adopt method for grinding commonly used to be difficult to meet the demands, present situation that working (machining) efficiency is low, high accuracy double-side grinding method and grinding machine that a kind of both ends of the surface area does not wait annular element are proposed, can meet or exceed the requirements such as product thickness, roughness, flatness, the depth of parallelism fully, greatly enhance productivity simultaneously, can be widely used in the production of these type of spare and accessory parts such as automobile, tractor, internal combustion engine.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts to be:
The two ends area does not wait the high accuracy double-side grinding method of annular element, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) equipment is prepared: adopt double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle;
2) scrap build: in the control circuit of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle assistant grinding system, add a motor speed frequency modulator, make the auxiliary grinding wheel speed of the assistant grinding system of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle can carry out as required stepless time adjustment;
3) guide rail is selected: according to the thickness of annular element blank, select the guide rail of upper and lower special use, the thickness of selected guide rail is less than the about 1～2.5mm of annular element blank thickness;
4) guide rail is debug: adjust upper and lower guide rail, make its working face symmetrical centre be approximately higher than auxiliary emery wheel center 1mm, adjust simultaneously that vertical range makes it greater than the about 2mm of annular element blank external diameter between upper and lower working face of guide rail;
5) open the grinding machine cooling system: open the cooling system of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle, need to guarantee that flow is moderate;
6) start benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel: the rotating speed of setting benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel is 760r/min, and starts;
7) finishing benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel: repair simultaneously benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel several times, until the equating of emery wheel rapids face;
8) close cooling system: the cooling system of closing double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle;
9) adjust the position of benchmark emery wheel working face and inlet guide end face: the working face of adjustment benchmark emery wheel, making the distance of itself and inlet guide end face is 0.03～0.06mm;
10) adjust the angle of auxiliary emery wheel and benchmark emery wheel: when the thickness deviation of major control annular element blank and/or roughness, adjusting auxiliary emery wheel is adjusted into its angle with the benchmark emery wheel: the import of annular element blank greatly, go out youngly, difference is 2/3 of workpiece stock removal; When the flatness of major control annular element blank and/or the depth of parallelism, adjust auxiliary emery wheel its angle with the benchmark emery wheel be adjusted into: the import of annular element blank is little, outlet greatly, difference is 0.05;
11) the import and export gap of adjustment benchmark and auxiliary emery wheel: adjust auxiliary emery wheel according to the thickness of annular element blank, making import and export gap, small end place is the thickness of annular element blank;
12) open the grinding machine cooling system: open the cooling system of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle to maximum;
13) calculate the frequency conversion number: do not wait the two ends Area Ratio of annular element according to the both ends of the surface area, calculate the frequency conversion number of assistant grinding system, through on probation, undesirablely then appropriately adjust; After debugging, every kind of part notes down, in order to call;
14) count the auxiliary grinding wheel speed of adjustment according to frequency conversion: open the motor speed frequency modulator, according to step 13) calculate the frequency conversion number of gained, adjust the auxiliary grinding wheel speed of the assistant grinding system of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle;
15) open benchmark grinding system and assistant grinding system: start simultaneously benchmark grinding system and assistant grinding system;
16) set feeding speed: speed is 2～9m/min; Setting principle: annular element blank external diameter is large, and then speed is low; Annular element blank profile is profile of tooth, and is then circular slow; Blank hardness is high, and then speed is low; After debugging, every kind of part notes down, in order to call;
17) pile up the annular element blank: the annular element blank is fitly piled up on the auto-feeder of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle, and the large end face of annular element blank must be positioned at benchmark emery wheel one side;
18) starting feed system: start the auto-feeder of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle, make the annular element blank by step 16) feeding speed set sends to, falls and at the uniform velocity push ahead along upper and lower guide rail;
19) Double face grinding annular element blank: benchmark grinding system and assistant grinding system that the annular element blank sequentially entered and passed double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle carry out Double face grinding;
20) ring-type part blank spare is collected in the grinding exit: at the annular element blank of the grinding exit of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle centralized collection through grinding;
21) repeat grinding until finish half correct grinding: the annular element blank that the grinding exit is collected returns auto-feeder again, repetition above 17), 18), 19), 20) step, until annular element blank thickness is during greater than design maximum ga(u)ge 0.01-0.02mm, obtain the satisfactory annular element of partly finish grinding, finish half correct grinding process; Batch for the annular element blank partly finish grindes grinding, need check at any time the thickness of annular element blank, adjusts at any time the depth of cut according to the varied in thickness situation, and it is basically identical to make grinding cross the thickness of annular element blank of same number;
22) last correct grinding: according to above-mentioned steps 7) beginning is half-and-half finish grinded annular element and is carried out another and take turns cycling; Half-and-half finish grind the correct grinding grinding of annular element, need to detect at any time partly to finish grind the thickness of annular element, adjust at any time the depth of cut according to the varied in thickness situation, make the THICKNESS CONTROL of half correct grinding annular element near design thickness tolerance center line, finally obtain satisfactory correct grinding annular element.
By technique scheme, step 7) method of finishing benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel is described in: by left and right sides crushing pushbutton enable crushing system, make finishing arm swing trimming wheel, after every finishing once, rotation left and right sides emery wheel feeding handwheel, the amount of feeding 0.002～0.02mm/ time and, the refine little policy setting amount of feeding large according to slightly repairing swing finishing repeatedly, until the abrasive wheel end face equating; Forbid repairing the emery wheel middle part recessed.
By technique scheme, step 10) method of adjusting the angle of auxiliary emery wheel and benchmark emery wheel described in is: horizontal direction benchmark emery wheel must not adjusted angle, and auxiliary emery wheel then must be removed an angle, first with three clamping bolt semi-coasts, to be adjusted after require, tighten again three clamping bolts.
By technique scheme, step 13) method of calculating the frequency conversion number described in is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary reason frequency=F
Greatly/ F
Little, the auxiliary reason of auxiliary real frequency=K* frequently;
Wherein, F
GreatlyThe large end face area of one annular blank spare, unit: mm
2F
LittleThe small end face area of one annular blank spare, unit: mm
2Fundamental frequency one benchmark emery wheel motor electricity consumption frequency, unit: Hz; Auxiliary reason is an auxiliary emery wheel motor electricity consumption theoretic frequency frequently, unit: Hz; An auxiliary real frequently auxiliary emery wheel practical frequency of motor electricity consumption, unit: Hz; K one coefficient: 1.5～2.5.
By technique scheme, step 14) counting adjustment according to frequency conversion described in assists the method for grinding wheel speed to be: according to the frequency conversion number that calculates, adjust frequency converter, the assistant grinding system changes with the rotating speed of motor, auxiliary emery wheel thereupon: motor speed is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary frequency=N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity, the auxiliary rotating speed of sand is: N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity=N
Base/ N
Auxiliary
Wherein, fundamental frequency one benchmark grinding system motor electricity consumption frequency, the Hz of unit; Auxiliary frequency one assistant grinding system is with motor electricity consumption frequency, the Hz of unit; N
The base electricityOne benchmark grinding system motor speed, the r/min of unit; N
Auxiliary electricityOne assistant grinding system motor speed, the r/min of unit; N
BaseOne benchmark grinding wheel speed, the r/min of unit; N
AuxiliaryThe one auxiliary auxiliary rotating speed of sand, the r/min of unit.
By technique scheme, step 14) the frequency conversion number that calculates in is 40, then frequency converter is transferred to corresponding position, and motor speed is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary frequency=N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity, 50/40=1740/N
Auxiliary electricity, N
Auxiliary electricity=1392; The auxiliary rotating speed of sand is: N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity=N
Base/ N
Auxiliary, 1740/1392=760/N
Auxiliary, N is auxiliary=and 608.
By technique scheme, step 16) establishing method of setting feeding speed described in is: be threaded onto the position of setting by aforementioned principle swivel feeding speed, and trial run, if suitablely then decide, undesirablely just adjust again, until normal, smoothly till the grinding.
By technique scheme, step 21) and 22) described in adjust at any time feed according to the varied in thickness situation method be: large handwheel or small handwheel with hand rotation benchmark grinding system or assistant grinding system feed mechanism compensate abrasion of grinding wheel.
The high accuracy double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle, can be used for processing the both ends of the surface area and do not wait annular element, mainly comprise benchmark grinding system, assistant grinding system, hydraulic control cabinet, benchmark emery wheel, auxiliary emery wheel, upper rail, lower guideway, cooling system, auto-feeder, grinding outlet; It is characterized in that it also comprises the motor speed frequency modulator, described motor speed frequency modulator is arranged in the control circuit of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle assistant grinding system, and can make the auxiliary grinding wheel speed of assistant grinding system carry out stepless time adjustment according to the frequency conversion number.
By technique scheme, described frequency conversion number does not wait the two ends Area Ratio of annular element to determine that concrete frequency conversion number calculating method is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary reason frequency=F by the both ends of the surface area
Greatly/ F
Little, the auxiliary reason of auxiliary real frequency=K* frequently; Wherein, F
GreatlyOne annular blank spare large end face area, unit: mm
2F
LittleOne annular blank spare small end face area, unit: mm
2Fundamental frequency one benchmark emery wheel motor electricity consumption frequency, unit: Hz; Auxiliary reason is an auxiliary emery wheel motor electricity consumption theoretic frequency frequently, unit: Hz; An auxiliary real frequently auxiliary emery wheel practical frequency of motor electricity consumption, unit: Hz; K one coefficient: 1.5～2.5.
By technique scheme, described auxiliary grinding wheel speed is adjusted according to the frequency conversion number and determined, is specially: adjust frequency converter according to the frequency conversion number that calculates, the assistant grinding system changes with the rotating speed of motor, auxiliary emery wheel thereupon: motor speed is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary frequency=N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity, the auxiliary rotating speed of sand is: N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity=N
Base/ N
AuxiliaryWherein, fundamental frequency one benchmark grinding system motor electricity consumption frequency, the Hz of unit; Auxiliary frequency one assistant grinding system is with motor electricity consumption frequency, the Hz of unit; N
The base electricityOne benchmark grinding system motor speed, the r/min of unit; N
Auxiliary electricityOne assistant grinding system motor speed, the r/min of unit; N
BaseOne benchmark grinding wheel speed, the r/min of unit; N
AuxiliaryThe one auxiliary auxiliary rotating speed of sand, the r/min of unit.
Principle of the present invention is: according to grinder wheel rotating speed and the proportional rule of stock removal, at the additional frequency converter of the circuit of grinding machine assistant grinding system, the two ends Area Ratio that different parts are different, be scaled different mill amount ratios, and then adjust frequency than and rotating ratio, by changing, the frequency of the auxiliary emery wheel circuit of control, reach the suitable rotating ratio of benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel, the stable thickness that meets or exceeds product of final realization, roughness, flatness, the requirements such as the depth of parallelism, and increase substantially production efficiency, for using 28 times of M7160 surface grinding machine, effectively reduce production costs, realize the production in enormous quantities of this type of part.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: generally finish this operation, after 3～4 circulation grindings, the annular element gauge can be stablized and is controlled in the design tolerance scope, the both ends of the surface stock removal is even, the rigidity layer layer depth meets designing requirement, and flatness can reach 0.02mm, and the depth of parallelism can reach 0.03mm, roughness can reach Ra0.4, has cancelled the manual correcting process of pincers worker.The method has scrap build less investment, with low cost, and is safe and reliable, easy to operate, adjust flexibly characteristics, and grinding efficiency is high, and for 28 times of M7160 surface grinding machine, class produces stable, and quality is good, adapts to the demand of batch production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the both ends of the surface area does not wait annular element;
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 along A to cutaway view;
Fig. 3 is process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of annular element blank;
Fig. 5 be among Fig. 4 along A to cutaway view;
Fig. 6 is the operation chart (top view) of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the A-A cutaway view among Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of half correct grinding annular element;
Fig. 9 be among Fig. 8 along A to cutaway view;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of correct grinding annular element;
Figure 11 be among Figure 10 along A to cutaway view;
Among the figure: 1-both ends of the surface area does not wait annular element, 2-annular element blank, 3-double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle, 4-benchmark grinding system, 5-assistant grinding system, 6-hydraulic control cabinet, 7-motor speed frequency modulator, 8-benchmark emery wheel, 9-assists emery wheel, the 10-upper rail, 11-lower guideway, 12-cooling system, the 13-auto-feeder, 14-grinding outlet, 15-partly finish grindes annular element, and 16-finish grindes annular element
The specific embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.
High accuracy double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3 shown in Fig. 6-7, can be used for processing the both ends of the surface area and do not wait annular element 1, mainly comprise benchmark grinding system 4, assistant grinding system 5, hydraulic control cabinet 6, benchmark emery wheel 8, auxiliary emery wheel 9, upper rail 10, lower guideway 11, cooling system 12, auto-feeder 13, grinding outlet 14; It is characterized in that it also comprises motor speed frequency modulator 7, described motor speed frequency modulator 7 is arranged in the control circuit of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle assistant grinding system 5, and can make auxiliary emery wheel 9 rotating speeds of assistant grinding system carry out stepless time adjustment according to the frequency conversion number.
Described frequency conversion number does not wait the two ends Area Ratio of annular element to determine that concrete frequency conversion number calculating method is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary reason frequency=F by the both ends of the surface area
Greatly/ F
Little, the auxiliary reason of auxiliary real frequency=K* frequently; Wherein, F
GreatlyThe large end face area of one annular blank spare 2, unit: mm
2F
LittleThe small end face area of one annular blank spare 2, unit: mm
2Fundamental frequency one benchmark emery wheel motor electricity consumption frequency, unit: Hz; Auxiliary reason is an auxiliary emery wheel motor electricity consumption theoretic frequency frequently, unit: Hz; An auxiliary real frequently auxiliary emery wheel practical frequency of motor electricity consumption, unit: Hz; K one coefficient: 1.5～2.5.
Described auxiliary grinding wheel speed is adjusted according to the frequency conversion number and determined, is specially: adjust frequency converter according to the frequency conversion number that calculates, the assistant grinding system changes with the rotating speed of motor, auxiliary emery wheel thereupon: motor speed is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary frequency=N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity, the auxiliary rotating speed of sand is: N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity=N
Base/ N
AuxiliaryWherein, fundamental frequency one benchmark grinding system motor electricity consumption frequency, the Hz of unit; Auxiliary frequency one assistant grinding system is with motor electricity consumption frequency, the Hz of unit; N
The base electricityOne benchmark grinding system motor speed, the r/min of unit; N
Auxiliary electricityOne assistant grinding system motor speed, the r/min of unit; N
BaseOne benchmark grinding wheel speed, the r/min of unit; N
AuxiliaryThe one auxiliary auxiliary rotating speed of sand, the r/min of unit.
Shown in Fig. 4-11, the both ends of the surface area does not wait the high accuracy double-side grinding method of annular element, comprises 22 steps, and each work step is operating as:
1) equipment is prepared.Adopt double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3, this example model is the M7675 of Hongyuan, Rushan City lathe Manufacturing Co., Ltd, but the grinding work piece diameter is φ 55～φ 240mm (this example is φ 71.9mm), but thickness of processing piece is 2～90mm (this example is 6.35mm); The grinding spindle rotating speed is 760r/min; The bistrique shift motion is 180mm, and emery wheel is of a size of 750*60*50mm (external diameter * width * internal diameter); The bistrique grinding maximum/minimum amount of feeding is 0.02mm/0.002mm; The bistrique finishing is maximum, the minimum amount of feeding is 0.02mm, 0.002mm; The dresser swing speed is 0.5～1.5m/min (this example is 0.8m/min), and feeding speed is 2～9m/min (this example is 1.7m/min).
2) scrap build.In the circuit of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3 assistant grinding systems 5, add a motor speed frequency modulator 7, make the rotating speed of the auxiliary emery wheel 9 of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3 assistant grinding systems 5 can carry out as required stepless time adjustment.The motor speed frequency modulator model HLP HLPA003043B that this example adds.
3) guide rail is selected.According to the thickness of annular element blank 2, select the guide rail 10 and 11 of upper and lower special use, selected guide rail 10 and 11 thickness are less than the about 1mm～2.5mm of annular element blank 2 thickness (the selected guide rail 10 of this example and 11 thickness are 4mm).
4) guide rail is debug.Adjust upper and lower guide rail 10 and 11, make its working face symmetrical centre be approximately higher than auxiliary emery wheel 9 center 1mm, adjust between upper and lower guide rail 10,11 working faces vertical range greater than the about 2mm of annular element blank 2 external diameters (vertical range is 73.8mm between the selected upper and lower guide rail 10 of this example, 11 working faces).
5) open the grinding machine cooling system.Open the cooling system 12 of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3, notice guaranteeing that flow is moderate, namely handle is to meta.
6) start benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel.Set benchmark emery wheel 8 and assist emery wheel 9 to be reference rotation speed (grinding spindle rotating speed 760r/min), and open.
7) finishing benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary abrasive wheel end face.Start left and right sides trimming wheel system, make finishing arm swing trimming wheel, after every finishing once, rotation left and right sides emery wheel feeding handwheel feed (advance 0.02mm/ time when slightly repairing, progressively reduce, advance 0.004mm/ time during refine), repeatedly finishing is until the abrasive wheel end face equating.
8) close cooling system.Close the cooling system 12 of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3.
9) position of adjustment benchmark emery wheel working face and inlet guide end face.Adjust the working face of benchmark emery wheel 8, making the distance of itself and inlet guide end face is 0.05mm.
10) adjust the angle of assisting emery wheel and benchmark emery wheel.Adjust auxiliary emery wheel 9, thickness deviation and the roughness of this example major control annular element blank 2, the angle of itself and benchmark emery wheel is adjusted into: 2 imports of annular element blank are large, it is young to go out, and its difference is 0.14mm (the mill amount of annular element blank 2 is 0.2mm).
11) adjust benchmark emery wheel, auxiliary emery wheel import and export gap.Adjust auxiliary emery wheel 9 according to the thickness of annular element blank 2, making the gap, exit is 6.55mm～6.56mm (thickness of annular element blank 2 is 6.55).
12) open the grinding machine cooling system.Open the cooling system 12 of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3, handle is to dominant bit.
13) calculate the frequency conversion number.Do not wait annular element 1 two ends Area Ratio according to the both ends of the surface area, calculate the frequency conversion number of assistant grinding system 5.(the auxiliary reason frequency=1.5 * 28.08=42.12 of auxiliary real frequency=K* gets auxiliary real frequency=42 for the auxiliary reason frequency of the calculation procedure of this example: 1803.94/1013.25=50/, auxiliary reason frequency=1013.25 * 50 ÷ 18.3.94=28.08)
14) count the auxiliary grinding wheel speed of adjustment according to frequency conversion.Adjust and also to open motor speed frequency modulator 7, according to step 13) calculate the frequency conversion number of gained, adjust the auxiliary emery wheel 9 of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3 assistant grinding systems 5 rotating speed (set-up procedure of this example:
Frequency modulator is set as 42, opens assistant grinding system 5,
Then auxiliary emery wheel with the rotating speed of motor is:
1740/N
Auxiliary electricity=50/42 N
Auxiliary electricity=1740 * 42 ÷ 50=1461.6r/min.
Auxiliary grinding wheel speed is:
1740/1461.6=760/N
Auxiliary sandN
Auxiliary sand=1461.6 * 760 ÷ 1740=638.4r/min
15) open benchmark grinding system and assistant grinding system.Start simultaneously benchmark grinding system 4 and assistant grinding system 5.
16) set feeding speed.This example profile is circular, is the part that hardens, and is set as 9m/min, uses through reality, can guarantee crudy, also can satisfy per 8 hours classes and produce 5600 (about the actual 7 hours grinding time).
17) pile up the annular element blank.Part annular element blank 2 is fitly piled up on the auto-feeder 13 that is placed on double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3, noticed that the large end face of annular element blank 2 must be positioned at benchmark emery wheel 4 one sides.
18) start feed system.Starting the auto-feeder 13 of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3, make annular element blank 2 by step 16) feeding speed set at the uniform velocity pushes ahead along upper and lower guide rail 10,11,
19) Double face grinding annular element blank.Benchmark grinding system 4 and assistant grinding system 5 that annular element blank 2 entered and passed double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3 simultaneously carry out Double face grinding.
20) ring-type part blank spare is collected in the grinding exit.Grinding at double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle 3 exports 14 place's centralized collection through the annular element blank 2 of grinding.
21) repeat grinding until finish half correct grinding.Grinding is exported the annular element blank 2 (once collecting about 1000 in this example) of collecting at 14 places return again auto-feeder 13, repetition above 17), 18), 19), 20) step, until annular element blank 2 thickness are during greater than design maximum ga(u)ge 0.01-0.02mm, obtain the satisfactory annular element 15 of partly finish grinding, finish half correct grinding process.Batch for annular element blank 2 partly finish grindes grinding, need check at any time the thickness of annular element blank 2, according to the varied in thickness situation, adjusts at any time the depth of cut, and it is basically identical to make grinding cross the thickness of annular element blank 2 of same number.
22) last correct grinding.According to above-mentioned steps 7) beginning, half-and-half finish grind annular element 15 and carry out another and take turns cycling.Half-and-half finish grind the correct grinding grinding (only mill once) of annular element 15, need to check at any time and partly finish grind the thickness of annular element 15, according to the varied in thickness situation, adjust at any time feed, make the THICKNESS CONTROL of half correct grinding annular element 15 near design thickness tolerance center line, (in this example 6.35 ± 0.01mm), finally obtain satisfactory correct grinding annular element 16.
Adopt said method and grinding machine, last required precision of producing correct grinding annular element 16 reaches the required precision that the both ends of the surface area shown in Fig. 1-3 does not wait annular element 1, its material is the 20# steel, thickness is 6.35mm, designing requirement part thickness tolerance: ± 0.02mm, part datum level flatness is 0.03mm, the other end is 0.04mm to the depth of parallelism of datum level, Part Surface Roughness is Ra0.8, heat treated specification requirement is carbo-nitriding, the Available Hardened Depth (HV1550) 0.3-0.5, case hardness HV10 〉=650.
Calculate according to single process part external diameter: 0.0719m, girth 0.225m, the thick correct grinding of whole process is totally 3 total length 0.675m; When being one class according to 8 hours, the real mill of per tour 7 hours, feeding speed is pressed 9m/min, total feed: 9 * 60 * 7=3780m of class; Per tour institute processing capacity is: 3780 ÷ 0.675=5600 spares, produce for the flat grinding machine class of M7160 28 times.
Above disclosed only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the equivalence of doing according to the present invention changes, and still belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the two ends area does not wait the high accuracy double-side grinding method of annular element, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) equipment is prepared: adopt double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle;
2) scrap build: in the control circuit of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle assistant grinding system, add a motor speed frequency modulator, make the auxiliary grinding wheel speed of the assistant grinding system of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle can carry out as required stepless time adjustment;
3) guide rail is selected: according to the thickness of annular element blank, select the guide rail of upper and lower special use, the thickness of selected guide rail is less than annular element blank thickness 1～2.5mm;
4) guide rail is debug: adjust upper and lower guide rail, make its working face symmetrical centre be higher than auxiliary emery wheel center 1mm, adjust simultaneously that vertical range makes it greater than annular element blank external diameter 2mm between upper and lower working face of guide rail;
5) open the grinding machine cooling system: open the cooling system of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle, need to guarantee that flow is moderate;
6) start benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel: the rotating speed of setting benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel is 760r/min, and starts;
7) finishing benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel: repair simultaneously benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel several times, until the equating of emery wheel rapids face;
8) close cooling system: the cooling system of closing double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle;
9) adjust the position of benchmark emery wheel working face and inlet guide end face: the working face of adjustment benchmark emery wheel, making the distance of itself and inlet guide end face is 0.03～0.06mm;
10) adjust the angle of auxiliary emery wheel and benchmark emery wheel: when the thickness deviation of major control annular element blank and/or roughness, adjusting auxiliary emery wheel is adjusted into its angle with the benchmark emery wheel: the import of annular element blank greatly, go out youngly, difference is 2/3 of workpiece stock removal; When the flatness of major control annular element blank and/or the depth of parallelism, adjust auxiliary emery wheel its angle with the benchmark emery wheel be adjusted into: the import of annular element blank is little, outlet greatly, difference is 0.05mm;
11) the import and export gap of adjustment benchmark and auxiliary emery wheel: adjust auxiliary emery wheel according to the thickness of annular element blank, making import and export gap, small end place is the thickness of annular element blank;
12) open the grinding machine cooling system: open the cooling system of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle to maximum;
13) calculate the frequency conversion number: do not wait the two ends Area Ratio of annular element according to the both ends of the surface area, calculate the frequency conversion number of assistant grinding system, through on probation, undesirablely then appropriately adjust; After debugging, every kind of part notes down, in order to call;
14) count the auxiliary grinding wheel speed of adjustment according to frequency conversion: open the motor speed frequency modulator, according to the frequency conversion number of step 13) calculating gained, adjust the auxiliary grinding wheel speed of the assistant grinding system of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle;
15) open benchmark grinding system and assistant grinding system: start simultaneously benchmark grinding system and assistant grinding system;
16) set feeding speed: speed is 1.5～5m/min; Setting principle: annular element blank external diameter is large, and then speed is low; Annular element blank profile is profile of tooth, and is then circular slow; Blank hardness is high, and then speed is low; After debugging, every kind of part notes down, in order to call;
17) pile up the annular element blank: the annular element blank is fitly piled up on the auto-feeder of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle, and the large end face of annular element blank must be positioned at benchmark emery wheel one side;
18) starting feed system: start the auto-feeder of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle, make the annular element blank by step 16) feeding speed set sends to, falls and at the uniform velocity push ahead along upper and lower guide rail;
19) Double face grinding annular element blank: benchmark grinding system and assistant grinding system that the annular element blank sequentially entered and passed double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle carry out Double face grinding;
20) ring-type part blank spare is collected in the grinding exit: at the annular element blank of the grinding exit of double disc surface grinding machines with horizontal spindle centralized collection through grinding;
21) repeat grinding until finish half correct grinding: the annular element blank that the grinding exit is collected returns auto-feeder again, repetition above 17), 18), 19), 20) step, until annular element blank thickness is during greater than design maximum ga(u)ge 0.01～0.02mm, obtain the satisfactory annular element of partly finish grinding, finish half correct grinding process; Batch for the annular element blank partly finish grindes grinding, need check at any time the thickness of annular element blank, adjusts at any time the depth of cut according to the varied in thickness situation, and it is basically identical to make grinding cross the thickness of annular element blank of same number;
22) last correct grinding: according to above-mentioned steps 7) beginning is half-and-half finish grinded annular element and is carried out another and take turns cycling; Half-and-half finish grind the correct grinding grinding of annular element, need to detect at any time partly to finish grind the thickness of annular element, adjust at any time the depth of cut according to the varied in thickness situation, make the THICKNESS CONTROL of half correct grinding annular element near design thickness tolerance center line, finally obtain satisfactory correct grinding annular element.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for finishing benchmark emery wheel and auxiliary emery wheel is described in the step 7): by left and right sides crushing pushbutton enable crushing system, make finishing arm swing trimming wheel, after every finishing once, rotation left and right sides emery wheel feeding handwheel, the amount of feeding 0.002～0.02mm/ time and, the refine little policy setting amount of feeding large according to slightly repairing swing finishing repeatedly, until the abrasive wheel end face equating; Forbid repairing the emery wheel middle part recessed.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for adjusting the angle of auxiliary emery wheel and benchmark emery wheel described in the step 10) is: horizontal direction benchmark emery wheel must not adjusted angle, auxiliary emery wheel then must be adjusted an angle, first with three clamping bolt semi-coasts, to be adjusted after require, tighten again three clamping bolts.
4. described method one of according to claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the method for calculating the frequency conversion number described in the step 13) is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary reason frequency=F
Greatly/ F
Little, the auxiliary reason of auxiliary real frequency=K* frequently;
Wherein, F
GreatlyThe large end face area of one annular blank spare, unit: mm
2F
LittleThe small end face area of one annular blank spare, unit: mm
2Fundamental frequency one benchmark emery wheel motor electricity consumption frequency, unit: Hz; Auxiliary reason is an auxiliary emery wheel motor electricity consumption theoretic frequency frequently, unit: Hz; An auxiliary real frequently auxiliary emery wheel practical frequency of motor electricity consumption, unit: Hz; K one coefficient: 1.5～2.5.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: count adjustment according to frequency conversion described in the step 14) and assist the method for grinding wheel speed to be: according to the frequency conversion number that calculates, adjust frequency converter, the assistant grinding system changes with the rotating speed of motor, auxiliary emery wheel thereupon: motor speed is: fundamental frequency/auxiliary frequency=N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity, the auxiliary rotating speed of sand is: N
The base electricity/ N
Auxiliary electricity=N
Base/ N
Auxiliary
Wherein, auxiliary frequency one assistant grinding system is with motor electricity consumption frequency, the Hz of unit; N
The base electricityOne benchmark grinding system motor speed, the r/min of unit; N
Auxiliary electricityOne assistant grinding system motor speed, the r/min of unit; N
BaseOne benchmark grinding wheel speed, the r/min of unit; N
AuxiliaryThe one auxiliary auxiliary rotating speed of sand, the r/min of unit.
6. one of according to claim 1-3 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that: step 16) described in set feeding speed establishing method be: the position that is threaded onto setting by aforementioned principle swivel feeding speed, and trial run, if suitablely then decide, undesirable just again adjustment is until till normal, the smooth grinding.
7. one of according to claim 1-3 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that: step 21) and 22) described in adjust at any time feed according to the varied in thickness situation method be: rotate large handwheel or the small handwheel of benchmark grinding system or assistant grinding system feed mechanism with hand, abrasion of grinding wheel compensated.
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| CN110977626A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 宁波慈兴轴承有限公司 | Method for machining end faces of double-end-face asymmetric bearing |
| CN114473651B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-10-11 | 广东机电职业技术学院 | Intelligent control system for cutting edge grinding |
| CN114454010B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-09-12 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | Unequal-area uniform grinding method for two end surfaces of bearing ring |
| CN114871955B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-05-05 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | Precise machining method and system for superhard abrasive grinding tool |
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| CN201095061Y (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-08-06 | 宁波甬微集团有限公司 | Double face grinding machine |
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Denomination of invention: High precision double-sided grinding method for annular parts with unequal surface areas at both ends Effective date of registration: 20220629 Granted publication date: 20130109 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited Wuhan Qingshan sub branch Pledgor: WUHAN HUAXIA FINE-BLANKING TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2022420000207 |
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