CN102226106A - Biomass vapourizing furnace - Google Patents
Biomass vapourizing furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102226106A CN102226106A CN2011101334472A CN201110133447A CN102226106A CN 102226106 A CN102226106 A CN 102226106A CN 2011101334472 A CN2011101334472 A CN 2011101334472A CN 201110133447 A CN201110133447 A CN 201110133447A CN 102226106 A CN102226106 A CN 102226106A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass vapourizing furnace, mainly comprising a furnace body (1) and a fire grate (2) arranged inside the furnace body (1). The furnace body (1) is equipped with a combustion gas outlets (3) and a feed inlet (8) above the fire grate (2), a gasifying agent inlet (4), an ash discharge port (5) and an ignition port below the fire grate (2). A combustion gas channel is arranged above the fire grate (2) and inside sidewalls of the furnace body (1), and two ends of the combustion gas channel communicate with the combustion gas outlets (3) and interior of the furnace body (1) respectively, wherein the combustion gas channel is equipped with catalysts (16) therein. The invention has the advantages of high gas production quality, high energy utilization rate, small tar content in gas production, high gas production calorific value and continuous feeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass gasifying furnace.
Background technology
People just begin to understand the ultimate principle of gasifying biomass as far back as latter stage in 18th century, commercial applications on the books is in 1830, by 1850, most of place, London has had " gas lamp ", to nineteen twenty, gasification burning can be used to drive truck and tractor in Europe, gasifying biomass was substituted by large-scale oil development and utilization afterwards.
China drives automobile in the forties in 20th century with the charcoal gasifier.The imagination of gasifying biomass central gas supply has been proposed between science energy place, Shandong " the Seventh Five-Year Plan ", obtain the Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Science and Technology's support, after building up the central gas supply pilot project of first actual motion of the whole nation in 1994, obtain in the whole nation rapidly promoting, built the central gas supply engineering more than 500 at present in the whole nation.Occurred large quantities of stalk gasifier products before and after 2005, state subsidies are advocated peasant's purchase, because the straw from village aboundresources is easy to use, during this, a large amount of stalk gasifier patents have also appearred, comprise updraft type, downdraft, fixed bed, fluidized-bed or the like.But factual survey is found: these vapourizing furnaces bring into use effect well, and the gas circuit pipeline will be by obstructions such as tar, dust after use for some time, and the aerogenesis downgrade uses very inconvenient.Back country is not also in the subsidy of being correlated with.
There is following shortcoming in existing vapourizing furnace:
1) existing vapourizing furnace is primarily aimed at rural area domestic type exploitation, and the Special attention will be given to less investment is easy to operate etc., has ignored the aerogenesis quality problems of most critical;
2) capacity usage ratio of stalk is low, and most of energy is directly to have burnt in vapourizing furnace, the real little energy that uses;
3) the coal-tar middle oil content of the aerogenesis of partial monopoly is big, pipeline is stopped up serious;
4) institute's aerogenesis body heat value is low, extinguishes easily during burning, grow duration of service (cook, heat up water etc.);
5) gas production rate is little, and is of poor quality, from being dosed to the aerogenesis time long (tens minutes).
Small evaporator stove (domestic type) is not because purify decoking etc., be difficult to popularize, as add that the purification system cost is too high and also be difficult to allow the numerous common people accept, country advocates " one station, a village " at present, be unit exactly with the village, set up a central gas supply station, will build central gas supply demonstration ground, 2000 place during " 12 " in the whole nation.The quality (carry high burning-value, reduce dust, reduce tar content etc.) that how to improve biomass straw gas just becomes key.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, but provide that a kind of aerogenesis quality height, capacity usage ratio height, the coal-tar middle oil content of aerogenesis are little, the biomass gasifying furnace of aerogenesis calorific value height, the short continuously feeding of aerogenesis time.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: biomass gasifying furnace, mainly constitute by body of heater and the fire grate that is arranged on body of heater inside, described body of heater is provided with gas outlet and the charging opening that is positioned at the fire grate top, and be provided with vaporized chemical import, ash discharging hole and the lighting-up tuyere that is positioned at fire grate below, described side wall of furnace inside is provided with the blast tube that is positioned at the fire grate top, and the two ends of this blast tube are connected with gas outlet and body of heater inside respectively, are provided with catalyst in the described blast tube.
Described catalyst is a catalyst for methanation in presence of sulfur, and preferentially adopt Co-Mo-Al2O3 class catalyst, this catalyst contains in gas under the situation of S, 220 ° of C, hydrogen in the gas and carbon monoxide can be converted into methane, ethane, propane etc. under the condition of normal pressure, catalyst of the present invention is not limited thereto, and also can select separately according to practical situation
Described ash discharging hole is provided with fluid-tight, and it has two effects, and the one, stove is played sealing effect, prevent air admission, remove ash simultaneously; The 2nd, reduce dust content.
Described gas outlet is arranged on more than 2/3rds of body of heater height, and preferentially is arranged on 3/4ths positions of body of heater height, promptly in the preheating temperature of raw material between 220 ℃ ~ 250 ℃.
Also run through being provided with the continuously feeding mouth on the sidewall of described charging opening, the described continuously feeding mouth inboard and the outside are separately installed with baffle plate and feed-pipe, and the other end of feed-pipe is equipped with hopper; The upper end of above-mentioned baffle plate is movably connected on the inboard wall of furnace body, and when reinforced, baffle plate is subjected to the surging force of material and upwardly opens, make material enter in the body of heater, when not reinforced, baffle plate is subjected to self gravitation charging opening is sealed, thereby can prevent that furnace gas is outside charging opening spills stove.
Feed screw is installed on the feed-pipe, and this feed screw comprises screw feeding structure and the drives structure that is connected with each other; Described screw feeding structure is positioned at the inside of feed-pipe, and drives structure is positioned at the outside of feed-pipe, when reinforced, raw material can be transported in the vapourizing furnace in a spiral manner by feed screw.
Also be provided with porthole on the sidewall of described charging opening, the glass visor is installed on the described porthole, be used to observe the combustion case that is fed in raw material in the stove.
The outer wall of described body of heater is provided with external thermal insulation, prevents that a large amount of heats of furnace gas from passing in the air; And body of heater also is provided with the thermometer that an end is positioned at blast tube, is used to observe the temperature of combustion gas.
Manual rotating shaft is installed on the described fire grate, thereby the ashes of accelerating after the burning enters into the stove bottom, prevents to stop up.
In sum, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) dust of the present invention is few, and tar content is low;
(2) the present invention adopts water seal, mode such as adds a cover, thereby prevents air admission, makes that a nitrogen content is few in the combustion gas;
(3) gas of the present invention's generation at first enters the catalyst district, and then discharges, thereby improves combustion gas quality;
(4) the present invention has increased glass visor and manual rotating shaft etc., thereby makes more convenient to operate;
(5) the present invention is provided with the continuous charging structure, can realize continuous charging in the body of heater operational process;
(6) aerogenesis calorific value height of the present invention, aerogenesis time weak point.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Mark and corresponding component title in the accompanying drawing: 1-body of heater; 2-fire grate; 3-gas outlet; The import of 4-vaporized chemical; 5-ash discharging hole; 6-lighting-up tuyere; 7-fluid-tight; 8-charging opening; 9-baffle plate; 10-feed-pipe; 11-feed screw; 12-external thermal insulation; 13-thermometer; 14-glass visor; 15-manually rotating shaft; 16-catalyst; 17-hopper.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, body of heater 1 of the present invention is separated into two zones by the fire grate 2 of the portion of setting within it, the zone that is positioned at fire grate 2 above and belows is respectively gasification zone and deslagging zone, the body of heater 1 that is positioned at the gasification zone is respectively arranged with gas outlet 3 and charging opening 8, gas outlet 3 is used to discharge the combustion gas that is produced, number can design voluntarily according to practical situation, can adopt the mode of finding time to extract combustion gas out vapourizing furnace at gas outlet 3, and charging opening 8 is used for vapourizing furnace is fed in raw material; The body of heater that is positioned at the deslagging zone is respectively arranged with vaporized chemical import 4, ash discharging hole 5 and lighting-up tuyere 6, and what vaporized chemical import 4 entered can be air, oxygen, water vapor etc. or its mixture, and vaporized chemical is selected difference for use, and the combustion gas quality that is produced is different; Ash discharging hole 5 is used to discharge the waste after the burning, and lighting-up tuyere 6 is the place of stove starting ignition, needs sealing after lighting, and prevents air admission.
In order to improve the aerogenesis quality, the present invention is provided with the blast tube that is positioned at above the fire grate 2 in the interior of body of heater 1, and the two ends of this blast tube are connected with gas outlet 3 and body of heater 1 inside respectively, be provided with catalyst 16 in the described blast tube, catalyst 16 in the present embodiment is a catalyst for methanation in presence of sulfur, and preferentially adopt Co-Mo-Al2O3 class catalyst, this catalyst contains in gas under the situation of S, 220 ° of C, hydrogen in the gas and carbon monoxide can be converted into methane under the condition of normal pressure, ethane, propane etc., the combustion gas that produces in the body of heater 1 at first contacts with catalyst through blast tube, hydrogen in the gas and carbon monoxide are converted into methane, ethane, propane etc., finally from gas outlet 3, thereby improved the aerogenesis quality.
In order to improve the sealing effect of stove, prevent air admission, remove ash simultaneously, and reduce dust content, the present invention is provided with fluid-tight 7 at ash discharging hole 5; For the ashes after accelerating to burn enters into stove 1 bottom, prevent to stop up, manual rotating shaft 15 is installed on the described fire grate 2, thereby raw material is transported in the body of heater in a spiral manner.
Above-mentioned gas outlet 3 is arranged on different bodies of heater 1 position, and there is very big influence in aerogenesis, and in order to obtain the optimum position of gas outlet 3 at body of heater 1, the applicant has done the influence test of different gas outlets 3 positions to aerogenesis, and the result is as shown in the table:
| The outlet position | Carbon monoxide % | Carbonic acid gas % | Hydrogen % | Methane % | Nitrogen % |
| 1/2nd | 20.15 | 25.51 | 18.78 | 22.45 | 8.51 |
| 2/3rds | 18.44 | 30.25 | 13.65 | 24.16 | 8.80 |
| 3/4ths | 18.27 | 33.52 | 7.14 | 27.33 | 9.14 |
| 4/5ths | 19.03 | 28.71 | 18.78 | 23.57 | 8.67 |
As seen from the above table, when described gas outlet 3 is arranged on this scope more than 2/3rds of body of heater 1 height, its aerogenesis quality and aerogenesis calorific value height, and the aerogenesis time is short; When described gas outlet 3 is arranged on 3/4ths positions of body of heater 1 height, promptly when the preheating temperature of raw material is between 220 ℃ ~ 250 ℃, reach best.
In order in the gasifier operation process, to realize continuously feeding, the feeding cover that the present invention can be arranged on tradition on the charging opening 8 saves, only need charging opening is sealed, and on the sidewall of charging opening 8, run through the continuously feeding mouth is set, the inboard of continuously feeding mouth and the outside are installed baffle plate 9 and feed-pipe 10 respectively, feed-pipe 10 is installed into hopper 17 away from charging opening 8 one ends, when needs are reinforced, only need material is positioned in the hopper 17, material finally enters in the body of heater 1 by feed-pipe 10, thereby realizes the purpose of continuous charging.
Do not stop up in order material not occur in fill process, make charging more smooth and easy, the present invention is equipped with feed screw 11 on feed-pipe 10, and this feed screw 11 comprises screw feeding structure and the drives structure that is connected with each other; Described screw feeding structure is positioned at the inside of feed-pipe 10, and drives structure is positioned at the outside of feed-pipe 10.
The outer wall of described body of heater 1 is provided with external thermal insulation 12, prevents that a large amount of heats of furnace gas from passing in the air; For operational process in the body of heater 1 is monitored, the present invention also is provided with the thermometer 13 that an end is positioned at blast tube, the temperature that is used to observe combustion gas at body of heater 1; Also be provided with porthole on the sidewall of charging opening 8, glass visor 14 is installed on the described porthole, be used for the material combustion case in the Real Time Observation body of heater 1.
As mentioned above, just can realize the present invention preferably.
Claims (10)
1. biomass gasifying furnace, mainly by body of heater (1), and the fire grate (2) that is arranged on body of heater (1) inside constitutes, described body of heater (1) is provided with gas outlet (3) and the charging opening (8) that is positioned at fire grate (2) top, and be provided with the vaporized chemical import (4) that is positioned at fire grate (2) below, ash discharging hole (5) and lighting-up tuyere (6), it is characterized in that, the interior of described body of heater (1) is provided with the blast tube that is positioned at fire grate (2) top, and the two ends of this blast tube are connected with gas outlet (3) and body of heater (1) inside respectively, are provided with catalyst (16) in the described blast tube.
2. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described catalyst (16) is a catalyst for methanation in presence of sulfur.
3. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ash discharging hole (5) is provided with fluid-tight (7).
4. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described gas outlet (3) is arranged on more than 2/3rds of body of heater (1) height.
5. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described gas outlet (3) is arranged on 3/4ths positions of body of heater (1) height.
6. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also run through on the sidewall of described charging opening (8) and be provided with the continuously feeding mouth, the described continuously feeding mouth inboard and the outside are separately installed with baffle plate (9) and feed-pipe (10), and the other end of feed-pipe (10) is equipped with hopper (17).
7. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 6 is characterized in that, feed screw (11) is installed on the described feed-pipe (10), and this feed screw (11) comprises screw feeding structure and the drives structure that is connected with each other; Described screw feeding structure is positioned at the inside of feed-pipe (10), and drives structure is positioned at the outside of feed-pipe (10).
8. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also is provided with porthole on the sidewall of described charging opening (8), and glass visor (14) is installed on the described porthole.
9. according to each described biomass gasifying furnace in the claim 1～8, it is characterized in that the outer wall of described body of heater (1) is provided with external thermal insulation (12), and body of heater (1) also is provided with the thermometer (13) that an end is positioned at blast tube.
10. according to each described biomass gasifying furnace in the claim 1～8, it is characterized in that, manual rotating shaft (15) is installed on the described fire grate (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101334472A CN102226106A (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2011-05-23 | Biomass vapourizing furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101334472A CN102226106A (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2011-05-23 | Biomass vapourizing furnace |
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| CN102226106A true CN102226106A (en) | 2011-10-26 |
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| CN2011101334472A Pending CN102226106A (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2011-05-23 | Biomass vapourizing furnace |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102876381A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-16 | 潍坊金丝达环境工程股份有限公司 | Gas-blocking continuous feeding device for gasification furnace |
| CN104165354A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-11-26 | 章云 | Coal combusting furnace |
| CN104726137A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-24 | 湖南谷力新能源科技股份有限公司 | High-utilization-ratio biomass gasification reactor |
| CN110923013A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 深圳龙澄高科技环保股份有限公司 | Gasifier for treating combustible components in household garbage |
| CN115261073A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-01 | 赣州市怡辰宏焰能源科技有限公司 | Gasification furnace with movable material bin in furnace |
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| CN101021334A (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2007-08-22 | 合肥工业大学 | Internal-combustion heating type biomass gasification furnace |
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| CN102021037A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-04-20 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Method and apparatus for preparing methane by catalytic gasification of coal |
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2011
- 2011-05-23 CN CN2011101334472A patent/CN102226106A/en active Pending
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102876381A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-16 | 潍坊金丝达环境工程股份有限公司 | Gas-blocking continuous feeding device for gasification furnace |
| CN104165354A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-11-26 | 章云 | Coal combusting furnace |
| CN104726137A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-24 | 湖南谷力新能源科技股份有限公司 | High-utilization-ratio biomass gasification reactor |
| CN110923013A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 深圳龙澄高科技环保股份有限公司 | Gasifier for treating combustible components in household garbage |
| CN115261073A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-01 | 赣州市怡辰宏焰能源科技有限公司 | Gasification furnace with movable material bin in furnace |
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Application publication date: 20111026 |