CN102221662A - Small current grounding system single phase earth fault traveling wave line selection and distance measurement apparatus - Google Patents
Small current grounding system single phase earth fault traveling wave line selection and distance measurement apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a small current grounding system single phase earth fault traveling wave line selection and distance measurement apparatus which comprises a signal conversion plate, a high speed acquisition plate and a central management machine. The signal conversion plate converts bus zero sequence voltage and line current to 0 to 10 volts voltage signal after isolation. The high speed acquisition plate connecting with the signal conversion plate finishes the conversion from analog signal to digital signal, carries out high speed acquisition and caching, receives a synchronization time setting signal simultaneously, and marks data with absolute marker. A digital signal processor (DSP) of the high speed acquisition plate calculates whether the zero sequence voltage exceeds a starting set value or not, wherein, if so, line fault happens. The DSP automatically searches and calculates a tip size and direction of traveling wave, and outputs line selection result through a switch output plate connecting the high speed acquisition plate. Simultaneously wave recording is started to record fault data which is transmitted to the central management machine through a high speed bus. According to the wave recording data, the central management machine automatically searches initial wave tip of the fault line and time of fault point reflection wave tip, and calculates distance of the fault point. Finally, fault data and fault report are published through a WEB SERVER platform.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power, relate to capable ripple route selection of single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current and travelling wave ranging device.
Background technology
Power network neutral point adopts the small current neutral grounding mode that a series of advantage is arranged, so adopted by the distribution system of a lot of countries.When small current neutral grounding system generation singlephase earth fault, because the not direct ground connection of neutral point, so, can not form short-circuit loop, therefore there is not short-circuit current, have only the little capacitance current of numerical value to flow to the trouble spot.But this situation can not long-term existence.Non-fault phase voltage can raise on the one hand, and line insulation is threatened; The flame current of earth point can burn out circuit on the other hand, causes the circuit permanent damages.China Power operating standard regulation: the single-phase earthing duration must not surpass 2 hours, otherwise faulty line must withdraw from from electrical network.
Therefore, be that ground path is the failure line selection problem with regard to having proposed which bar circuit.Around this problem, various countries have carried out countless research, have also developed many method and apparatus.Because power frequency zero-sequence current numerical value is very little, the uneven zero-sequence current when being difficult to normal operation is distinguished mutually, so can't correctly select fault wire around the route selection of power current amount.
In recent years, adopt the existing comparatively ripe application of zero-sequence current fault traveling wave signal route selection.Detect the current traveling wave of every circuit, greater than non-fault line, and direction is opposite according to the capable wave amplitude of faulty line, selects faulty line.Existing apparatus can satisfy the route selection requirement of general power station.
The problem of existing row ripple line selection apparatus:
1, can only write down a hundreds of sampled point, can not reflect that the power frequency of fault moment changes, promptly can only can not fully understand failure process in the part, not possess the record wave energy, not know to the operations staff whether row ripple route selection result is that fault or interference cause.
2, do not possess the function that capable ripple is beaten absolute time mark, be elected to when the circuit number is more to be needed to increase many table apparatus, can't realize that different line selection apparatus compare synchronously, just can't use the many occasions of outlet way yet.
3, do not possess the travelling wave ranging function, a route selection and do not know fault at specified place is given undoubtedly and is searched the trouble spot and make troubles.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides capable ripple route selection of a kind of single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current and distance measuring equipment, select problem at present low current grounding circuit, take the hardware technology of high speed acquisition, high resolving power sampling and high-precise synchronization, fault initiating in conjunction with original creation is differentiated algorithm, accurately start the record ripple after making plant failure, avoided adopting the disturbance of hardware extraction transient state to declare the problem that startup is influenced by undesired signal easily, and the theoretical detection that realizes the initial row ripple of combined with wavelet transformed, through relatively going wave amplitude, phase place and row ripple initial time etc., draw faulty line.Add the support of recorder data, can behind initial wave head, find the reflection wave head of trouble spot, realize fault localization.
Technical matters of the present invention is solved by the following technical programs.
Capable ripple route selection of this single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current and distance measuring equipment comprise:
Signal transducer comprises phase current, zero-sequence current etc. with bus residual voltage and line current, becomes 0～10 volt of voltage signal through isolated variable, is transferred to the high speed acquisition board that is connected with signal transducer.
High speed acquisition board behind 0～10 volt of voltage signal of received signal change-over panel, is finished analog signal conversion and is become digital signal, carries out high speed acquisition and buffer memory then.High speed acquisition board receives pulse per second (PPS) that GPS, big-dipper satellite etc. authorize or B sign indicating number equal time simultaneously as the synchronous sampling signal of each device, and data are stamped absolute time mark.Whether DSP digital signal processor by high speed acquisition board calculates residual voltage above record ripple startup setting value again, surpass setting value and represent line failure, DSP will search and calculate initial row wave-wave head size and direction automatically, by connecting the digital output module output route selection result of high speed acquisition board.Start the record ripple simultaneously, after high speed acquisition board starts the record ripple, with the fault data of each two cycle before the record acquisition fault and after the fault.Again data are transferred to the central management machine that connects high speed acquisition board by high-speed bus.
The central management machine receives the fault data that high speed acquisition board sends, and by the amplitude of wavelet transformation calculating faulty line current traveling wave, the wave head time of searching initial row secondary failure point reflection, calculates the distance of trouble spot.Error is in 300 meters.At last fault data and Trouble Report are issued failure message by built-in WEB SERVER platform, the user realizes network communicating functions such as consulting of Trouble Report and fault data by the IE browser.
Technical matters of the present invention is solved by following further technical scheme.
1, high speed acquisition board DSP searches and calculates initial row wave-wave head size and direction automatically, output route selection result.Selection method is:
● the initial transient current travelling waves numerical value maximum that is occurred on the faulty line, the transient state travelling wave current values of other non-ground path is very little;
● the polarity and the non-fault line of faulty line current traveling wave are opposite;
● the current traveling wave polarity of non-fault line is identical.
2, the central management machine receives the fault data that high speed acquisition board sends, and through the wave head time that wavelet transformation calculates faulty line initial row secondary failure point reflection, calculates the distance of trouble spot.Distance-finding method is:
The capable ripple that utilizes the trouble spot to produce is transferred to measurement point (measuring row ripple due in for the first time), capable ripple by the reflection of measurement point bus passes to the trouble spot then, reflect in the trouble spot again, again pass to measurement point (measuring row ripple due in for the second time), but according to time and the row wave-wave speed localization of faults distance of measurement point to the trouble spot round trip.
For faulty line, establish transmission line of electricity total length L, the time of secondary arrival S end was respectively TS1 after trouble spot initial row ripple reached measurement point S end bus and reflexes to the trouble spot thus, TS2, then the trouble spot apart from the distance of measurement point S end is:
V is row wave-wave speed in the formula, and L is a total track length.
The main performance index of capable ripple route selection of this single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current and distance measuring equipment is:
1, accurately route selection after the fault, and the route selection way do not limit, and begins to be no more than 100ms to route selection result output from fault.
2, start the record ripple after the fault, but the fault data of each two cycle before the record trouble fault and after the fault.
3, accurately measure fault distance after the fault, error is less than 300 meters.
4, this device scope of application is extensive, both has been applicable to zero sequence current mutual inductor, also is applicable to threephase current transformer, also is suitable for only disposing the field condition of AC biphase current mutual inductor.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is compared with the prior art is:
1, can accurately select faulty line, no matter be instantaneity or continuous earth fault, no matter also be metallicity or nonmetal character earth fault.
2, possess the record wave energy, device is gathered before the fault with the sampling rate of 1MHz-5MHz and the fault data of each two cycle after the fault, is equivalent to 80000 sampled points.The power frequency that can not only reflect fault moment changes, and can fully understand failure process, allows the operations staff know whether capable ripple route selection result is that fault or interference cause.
3, can accurately measure fault distance.Record the capable wave datum of wave energy record, can behind initial wave head, find the reflection wave head of trouble spot, realize fault localization.
4, possesses the function that capable ripple is beaten absolute time mark, this markers has realized other device data in the system unified in time, be elected to when the circuit number is more to be needed to increase many table apparatus, can realize that different rows ripple line selection apparatus compares synchronously, solve capable ripple route selection because the access amount can not be applied to the problem of multiloop outlet less, provide necessary condition for low pressure long transmission line both-end fault travelling wave ranging simultaneously.
5, the built-in WEB SERVER platform issue of device failure message.The user only needs the IE browser, need not consider the disunity of supervisor on communication protocol and data record format, and makes client no longer need any client software, has exempted the development and maintenance cost of client software.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is capable ripple route selection of single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current of the present invention and distance measuring equipment fundamental diagram;
Fig. 2 is the collection plate principle of work block diagram of capable ripple route selection of single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current of the present invention and distance measuring equipment;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and contrast accompanying drawing the present invention is further illustrated.
Fundamental diagram of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1.Signal transducer comprises phase current, zero-sequence current etc. with bus residual voltage and line current, becomes 0～10 volt of voltage signal through isolated variable, is transferred to the high speed acquisition board that is connected with signal transducer.
High speed acquisition board behind 0～10 volt of voltage signal of received signal change-over panel, is finished analog signal conversion and is become digital signal, carries out high speed acquisition and buffer memory then.High speed acquisition board receives pulse per second (PPS) that GPS, big-dipper satellite etc. authorize or B sign indicating number equal time simultaneously as the synchronous sampling signal of each device, and data are stamped absolute time mark.Whether DSP digital signal processor by high speed acquisition board calculates residual voltage above record ripple startup setting value again, surpass setting value and represent line failure, DSP will search and calculate initial row wave-wave head size and direction automatically, by connecting the digital output module output route selection result of high speed acquisition board.Start the record ripple simultaneously, after high speed acquisition board starts the record ripple, with the fault data of each two cycle before the record acquisition fault and after the fault.Again data are transferred to the central management machine that connects high speed acquisition board by high-speed bus.
The central management machine receives the fault data that high speed acquisition board sends, and by the amplitude of wavelet transformation calculating faulty line current traveling wave, the wave head time of searching initial row secondary failure point reflection, calculates the distance of trouble spot.Error is in 300 meters.At last fault data and Trouble Report are issued failure message by built-in WEB SERVER platform, the user realizes network communicating functions such as consulting of Trouble Report and fault data by the IE browser.
Collection plate fundamental diagram of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2.The high-speed data acquisition plate is finished the high speed acquisition and the buffer memory of travelling wave signal, 0～10 volt of voltage signal of received signal change-over panel transmission, carry out the A/D sampling, finish analog signal conversion and become digital signal, under the normal operation, with the frequency of 1MHz-5MHz and under the control of FPGA, write SDRAM, it is some storage areas of unit that SDRAM is divided into 80 milliseconds, with the piece is control module, receive GPS, big-dipper satellite etc. simultaneously and obtain time reference, pulse per second (PPS) of authorizing with GPS, big-dipper satellite etc. or B sign indicating number equal time are as the synchronized sampling markers of device.Data are being write the fashionable absolute time mark of being stamped, and the time signal error is 1 * 10
-8Second.This markers realizes other device data in the system unified in time.
Sampled data adopts the circulation storage mode to deposit in the blocks of data district, after receiving outside route selection enabling signal, this data storage area stops to refresh, and the sampled data after the startup deposits another blocks of data district in, when not run through, data block do not allow to refresh, but but external control refresh signal.The length of route selection data recording buffer zone is 80 milliseconds.Do not lose fault data during for assurance electrical network generation continuity failure, on the high speed acquisition dsp board, opened up the data buffer of polylith altogether.When breaking down in the recorder data unloading process last time, still can continue to write down current fault data.After certain blocks of data is passed to the central management machine, provide refresh signal and corresponding route selection data block sequence number by the central management machine, after the high speed acquisition dsp board is received refresh signal, can carry out refresh operation to respective data blocks.
High speed acquisition board has the detection arbitration functions of line fault, when circuit normally moves, system gathers analog quantity, calculate residual voltage and whether surpass record ripple startup setting value, when circuit generation earth fault, the out-of-limit startup of residual voltage amount on the bus, the DSP digital signal processor by high speed acquisition board calculates and relatively goes wave-wave head size and direction automatically again, by connecting the digital output module output route selection result of high speed acquisition board.Start the record ripple simultaneously, totally 80 milliseconds of the fault datas of each two cycle before the storage failure and after the fault.And adopt the floating threshold Starting mode, to improve sensitivity and the reliability that fault detect is judged.Again data are transferred to the central management machine that connects high speed acquisition board by high-speed bus.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation to further describing that the present invention did, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; make some alternative or obvious modification that are equal to without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; and performance or purposes are identical, then should be considered as belonging to the protection domain that the present invention is determined by claims of being submitted to.
Claims (8)
1. capable ripple route selection of single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current and distance measuring equipment is characterized in that:
Signal transducer becomes 0～10 volt voltage signal with line current through isolated variable with the bus residual voltage, is transferred to the high speed acquisition board that is connected with signal transducer;
High speed acquisition board, finish analog signal conversion and become digital signal, carry out high speed acquisition and buffer memory, receive simultaneously synchronously to the time signal, data are stamped absolute time mark, and whether the DSP digital signal processor by high speed acquisition board calculates residual voltage above starting setting value again, surpasses setting value and represents line failure, DSP will search and calculate initial row wave-wave head size and direction automatically, by connecting the digital output module output route selection result of high speed acquisition board.Start the record ripple simultaneously, the record trouble data are transferred to the central management machine that connects high speed acquisition board with data again by high-speed bus;
The central management machine receives the fault data that high speed acquisition board sends, and the wave head time of searching faulty line initial row secondary failure point reflection, calculates the distance of trouble spot.At last fault data and Trouble Report are issued failure message by WEB SERVER platform.
2. capable ripple route selection according to claim 1 and distance measuring equipment is characterized in that:
Described signal transducer becomes 0～10 volt voltage signal with line current through isolated variable with the bus residual voltage, is transferred to high speed acquisition board.Line current comprises phase current, zero-sequence current etc.
3. capable ripple route selection according to claim 1 and distance measuring equipment is characterized in that:
Described high speed acquisition board is finished analog signal conversion and is become digital signal, carries out high speed acquisition and buffer memory with the sampling rate of 1MHz-5MHz.
4. capable ripple route selection according to claim 1 and distance measuring equipment is characterized in that:
Described high speed acquisition board receives signals such as GPS, big-dipper satellite and obtains time reference, and pulse per second (PPS) of authorizing with GPS, big-dipper satellite etc. or B sign indicating number equal time are stamped absolute time mark as the synchronous sampling signal of each device with data.
5. capable ripple route selection according to claim 1 and distance measuring equipment is characterized in that:
The DSP digital signal processor of described high speed acquisition board searches and calculates initial row wave-wave head size and direction automatically by Wavelet Transformation Algorithm, output route selection result.
6. capable ripple route selection according to claim 1 and distance measuring equipment is characterized in that:
After described high speed acquisition board starts the record ripple, with the fault data of each two cycle before the record acquisition fault and after the fault.
7. capable ripple route selection according to claim 1 and distance measuring equipment is characterized in that:
Described central management machine receives the fault data that high speed acquisition board sends, and by the amplitude of wavelet transformation calculating faulty line current traveling wave, the wave head time of searching initial row secondary failure point reflection, calculates the distance of trouble spot.Error is in 300 meters.
8. capable ripple route selection according to claim 1 and distance measuring equipment is characterized in that:
Described central management machine is issued failure message with fault data and Trouble Report by the built-in WEBSERVER platform of supervisor.The user realizes network communicating functions such as consulting of Trouble Report and fault data by the IE browser.
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Application publication date: 20111019 |