CN102221289B - Rotary kiln - Google Patents
Rotary kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN102221289B CN102221289B CN2011101389009A CN201110138900A CN102221289B CN 102221289 B CN102221289 B CN 102221289B CN 2011101389009 A CN2011101389009 A CN 2011101389009A CN 201110138900 A CN201110138900 A CN 201110138900A CN 102221289 B CN102221289 B CN 102221289B
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- rotary kiln
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a rotary kiln. The rotary kiln comprises a cylinder (1) and insulating bricks (2) which are arranged on the inner side of the cylinder (1), wherein wearable ceramics (4) are arranged on the inner side of the insulating bricks (2). After being used for 9 months, 15 months, 24 months and 42 months, the rotary kiln can still normally work, and the service life of the rotary kiln is prolonged by 14 times. Production results prove that: on the basis of raw ore treatment quantity of 410 tons per day in the rotary kiln, the daily consumption of natural gas is reduced from the original 9,100 to 9,220 m<3> to 6,400 to 6,470 m<3>, and the service life of the rotary kiln is prolonged; therefore, the kiln is prevented from being maintained or rebuilt, and is not needed to stop to rise temperatures during production, and energy is saved by 35 to 36 percent every year.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy, particularly a kind of rotary kiln.
Background technology
Nickel is widely used in critical material and the high-technology fields such as stainless steel, high temperature alloy, catalysis, secondary cell, fuel cell as a kind of important strategy metal.Along with the particularly fast development of stainless steel industry of above-mentioned industry, the demand of nickel constantly increases.At present domestic main employing nickel sulfide ore is smelted and is obtained metallic nickel, but the nickel sulfide ore reserves are limited and major part is exploited, and the stainless steel industry has to seek more cheap raw materials for production.Laterite is better than sulphide ore greatly on reserves, so that the laterite smelting ferronickel has larger development space.
Smelting the most frequently used thermal process of nickel is electric furnace roasting after the rotary kiln dehydration.This technology utilization rotary kiln is removed Free water and the crystallization water in the laterite, simultaneously the nickel in the laterite is carried out to a certain degree prereduction, for electric furnace provides stable high temperature calcining, shortens the electric furnace smelting time, reduces energy consumption.
At present the inwall of rotary kiln mainly contains two kinds of mode of construction: a kind ofly build by laying bricks or stones with the setting high-alumina brick of suppressing, burning till; Another kind of integrated poured with the amorphous refractory implementation.From laterite, extracting in the production process of metallic nickel with rotary kiln-eaf process, because rotary kiln need to be under the high temperature of degree more than 1,000, process moisture every day up to 450 tons of 36～37% laterites, so that the rotary kiln serious wear, and then cause the local explosion of rotary kiln.In addition, it is very dense to add in the rotary kiln reducing atmosphere, and chemical erosion is also so that the inner liner of rotary kiln fret wear, and then causes the barrel temperature of rotary kiln to raise, and intensity descends, barrel distortion.Although constantly be cooled with circulating water in process of production, rotary kiln continuously operation about 110 days must shutdown maintenance or is all knocked out again cast, serious waste of resources.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the defective that rotary kiln is easy to wear, heat energy loss is high in order to remedy, the life-span is short, the present invention proposes a kind of rotary kiln.This rotary kiln compression strength is increased to 5600MP by 60～70MP, reduces the cylindrical shell oxidation, with the Service life of rotary kiln 14 times, reduce the rotary kiln frequency of maintenance, improved output; By the heat that reduces heat by conduction, consumes when stopping kiln, baking kiln, energy savings 35～36% at every turn.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of rotary kiln, comprise cylindrical shell and the insulating brick that is arranged at the cylindrical shell inboard, be provided with wear-resistant ceramic in described insulating brick inboard.
As preferably, described wear-resistant ceramic comprises and reclaims corundum 40～60% by percentage to the quality, 500～800 order calcined aluminas 32～48%, kaolin 4.4～6.6%, precipitated calcium carbonate 2.8～4.05%, talcum powder 0.8～1.2%, cellulose 0.16～0.24%.
Preferably, described wear-resistant ceramic comprises and reclaims corundum 50%, 800 order calcined alumina 40% by percentage to the quality, and machine selects Kaolin of Suzhou 5.5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 3.5%, talcum powder 1%, cellulose 0.2% No. 1.
Wherein, reclaim the preparation method of corundum: the 325 order emergies that the aluminum casting surface carried out polishing reclaim, and after the mechanical deironing, cross 325 mesh sieves, so that reclaim Al in the corundum
2O
3Content＞99%, the content of FeO＜0.5%.
Particularly, the preparation method of described wear-resistant ceramic comprises: put into ball mill after above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, add weight percentage and be 30% water for ball milling 4h, after mixed slurry oven dry, the granulation, with moisture control in 0.3%, the installation mold compacted products, insulation 4h fires and obtains above-mentioned wear-resistant ceramic under 1620 ℃ temperature.
As preferably, be respectively arranged with groove and the projection adaptive with described groove on the contact-making surface of adjacent two blocks of described insulating bricks.
Preferably, groove is semicircle.
As preferably, also be provided with corundum brick between described insulating brick and the described wear-resistant ceramic.
As preferably, described corundum brick is being provided with dovetail groove with described wear-resistant ceramic contact-making surface, and described wear-resistant ceramic is being provided with the swallow-tail form projection adaptive with described corundum brick dovetail groove with described corundum brick contact-making surface.
As preferably, the surface of described insulating brick, described corundum brick, described wear-resistant ceramic all scribbles fire clay.
As preferably, be bolted between described cylindrical shell, described insulating brick and the described corundum brick.
Preferably, described insulating brick is provided with the first through hole along its thickness direction, and described cylindrical shell is provided with the anchoring piece that extends to described the first through hole inside, and described anchoring piece has internal thread; Described corundum brick is provided with the second through hole along its thickness direction, described bolt be plugged in described the second through hole and with the screw-internal thread fit of described anchoring piece.
Preferably, described the second through hole is shoulder hole, and the close described insulating brick of the diameter holes of described shoulder hole, and the head of described bolt is embedded in the hole, large footpath of described shoulder hole.
Preferably, described anchoring piece is the stainless steel anchoring piece.
As preferably, described bolt head scribbles fire clay.
The invention provides a kind of rotary kiln, comprise cylindrical shell, insulating brick and wear-resistant ceramic; It is inboard that described insulating brick is fixed in described cylindrical shell, and it is inboard that described wear-resistant ceramic is fixed in described insulating brick.This rotary kiln improves the anti-pressure and abrasion-proof performance of kiln by wear-resistant ceramic is installed, reduce the cylindrical shell oxidation, keeps cylindrical shell rigidity, has improved furnace service life, reduces the furnace maintenance frequency, has improved output; This rotary kiln is by install insulating brick, the heat that reduces heat by conduction and stop kiln, consume when drying by the fire kiln at every turn simultaneously.
Rotary kiln provided by the invention stops kiln after using 9 months, 15 months, 24 months, 42 months checks, still can keep normal operation, the rotary kiln Service life 14 times.Production is the result show, rotary kiln provided by the invention on the basis of processing 410 tons in raw ore day, with the amount of every daily consumption natural gas by 9100 original～9220m
3Be reduced to 6400～6470m
3Thereby, to add the raising rotary kiln life-span and avoided maintenance or again built kiln, production period need not stop kiln, intensification, annual conserve energy 35～36%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is rotary kiln schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing at A position among specific embodiment of the invention Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is insulating brick structural representation in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 be in the specific embodiment of the invention insulating brick B to profile.
Fig. 5 is corundum brick structural representation in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 be in the specific embodiment of the invention corundum brick C to profile.
Fig. 7 is resistant ceramic structure schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 be in the specific embodiment of the invention wear-resistant ceramic D to profile.
The specific embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of rotary kiln, those skilled in the art can use for reference this paper content, suitably improve technological parameter and realize.Special needs to be pointed out is that all similarly replace and change apparent to those skilled in the art, they all are deemed to be included in the present invention.Method of the present invention and application are described by preferred embodiment, the related personnel obviously can change or suitably change and combination methods and applications as herein described within not breaking away from content of the present invention, spirit and scope, realizes and use the technology of the present invention.
In the preparation process of wear-resistant ceramic, raw material all can be buied by market among the present invention.Wherein, corundum effluent Nan Yuli company provides, calcined alumina is available from Henan Jin Yu company, machine selects No. 1 Kaolin of Suzhou available from China Kaolin Co., Ltd, precipitated calcium carbonate is available from Pingxiang calcium carbonate industrial corporation, talcum powder is available from Guangxi Long Gang talcum development company, and cellulose is available from Xiang Tan auxiliary chemicals factory.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention:
The invention provides a kind of rotary kiln, comprise cylindrical shell 1 and the insulating brick 2 that is arranged at cylindrical shell 1 inboard, be provided with wear-resistant ceramic 4 in described insulating brick 2 inboards.
Insulating brick is a kind of novel building energy-saving and heat-insulating material take inorganic composite materials as main material, just good heat insulation effect is incorporated in the kiln body when building the kiln body by laying bricks or stones, and thermal conductivity factor is low, high strength, firm durable, lightweight easily assembling.Therefore, in the rotary kiln provided by the invention, insulating brick is installed, the heat that consumes when reducing heat by conduction and stopping kiln, baking kiln at every turn.
As preferably, prepare the raw material of wear-resistant ceramic 4 by percentage to the quality, comprise and reclaim corundum 40～60%, 500～800 order calcined aluminas 32～48%, kaolin 4.4～6.6%, precipitated calcium carbonate 2.8～4.05%, talcum powder 0.8～1.2%, cellulose 0.16～0.24%.
Preferably, the raw material of preparation wear-resistant ceramic 4 comprises and reclaims corundum 50%, 800 order calcined alumina 40% by percentage to the quality, and machine selects Kaolin of Suzhou 5.5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 3.5%, talcum powder 1%, cellulose 0.2% No. 1.
Wherein, reclaim corundum the preparation method can for: the 325 order emergies that the aluminum casting surface carried out polishing reclaim, and after the mechanical deironing, cross 325 mesh sieves, so that reclaim Al in the corundum
2O
3Content＞99%, the content of FeO＜0.5%.
Particularly, the preparation method of wear-resistant ceramic 4 can for: put into ball mill after will above-mentioned raw materials mixing, add weight percentage and be 30% water for ball milling 4h, after mixed slurry oven dry, the granulation, with moisture control in 0.3%, the installation mold compacted products, insulation 4h fires and obtains above-mentioned wear-resistant ceramic under 1620 ℃ temperature.
Particularly, in the rotary kiln provided by the invention, the preparation method of wear-resistant ceramic 4 can for:
Take by weighing and reclaim corundum 50 * 10
3Kg, 800 order calcined aluminas 40 * 10
3Kg, kaolin 5.5 * 10
3Kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 3.5 * 10
3Kg, talcum powder 1.0 * 10
3Kg, cellulose 0.2 * 10
3Kg.
With putting into ball mill after the above-mentioned raw materials mixing, add 30 * 10
3The water for ball milling 4h of kg, after mixed slurry oven dry, the granulation, in 0.3%, the installation mold compacted products is incubated 4h and fires the acquisition wear-resistant ceramic under 1620 ℃ temperature with moisture control.
The preparation method of wear-resistant ceramic also can for:
Take by weighing and reclaim corundum 40 * 10
3Kg, 500 order calcined aluminas 48 * 10
3Kg, kaolin 4.4 * 10
3Kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 4.05 * 10
3Kg, talcum powder 0.8 * 10
3Kg, cellulose 0.24 * 10
3Kg.
With putting into ball mill after the above-mentioned raw materials mixing, add 36 * 10
3The water for ball milling 4h of kg, after mixed slurry oven dry, the granulation, in 0.3%, the installation mold compacted products is incubated 4h and fires the acquisition wear-resistant ceramic under 1620 ℃ temperature with moisture control.
The preparation method of wear-resistant ceramic can also for:
Take by weighing and reclaim corundum 60 * 10
3Kg, 700 order calcined aluminas 32 * 10
3Kg, kaolin 6.6 * 10
3Kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 2.8 * 10
3Kg, talcum powder 1.2 * 10
3Kg, cellulose 0.16 * 10
3Kg.
With putting into ball mill after the above-mentioned raw materials mixing, add 24 * 10
3The water for ball milling 4h of kg, after mixed slurry oven dry, the granulation, in 0.3%, the installation mold compacted products is incubated 4h and fires the acquisition wear-resistant ceramic under 1620 ℃ temperature with moisture control.
Above-mentioned wear-resistant ceramic 4 is carried out the detection of bending strength, fracture toughness, Vickers hardness, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 wear-resistant ceramic provided by the invention detects
Table 1 is the result show, the compression strength of wear-resistant ceramic 4 provided by the invention is increased to 5500～5650MPa, is used for rotary kiln and can improves the rotary kiln life-span, reduces the furnace maintenance frequency, improves output.
As preferably, be respectively arranged with groove 21 and the projection 22 adaptive with groove 21 on the contact-making surface of adjacent two blocks of insulating bricks 2, to improve the steadiness that connects between adjacent two blocks of insulating bricks 2.Groove 21 can for semicircle, step or other shapes, all drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Preferably, the groove 21 that arranges respectively on the contact-making surface of adjacent two blocks of insulating bricks 2 is semicircle.
As preferably, also be provided with corundum brick 3 between insulating brick 2 and the wear-resistant ceramic 4.
Corundum brick 3 is the fire resistive material product take corundum as principal crystalline phase, wherein the content of aluminium oxide is greater than 90%, has very high cold crushing strength (can reach 340MPa), have higher loading softening and begin temperature (greater than 1700 ℃), well chemical stability all has stronger resistivity to acidity or basic slag, metal and glass metal etc.Therefore, rotary kiln provided by the invention also is provided with corundum brick 3 between insulating brick 2 and wear-resistant ceramic 4, improve the life-span of rotary kiln.
As preferably, corundum brick 3 is being provided with dovetail groove 32 with wear-resistant ceramic 4 contact-making surfaces, wear-resistant ceramic 4 is being provided with the swallow-tail form projection 41 adaptive with corundum brick 3 dovetail grooves 32 with corundum brick 3 contact-making surfaces, to improve the steadiness that is connected between corundum brick 3 and the wear-resistant ceramic 4.
The mode that is fixedly connected with between adjacent two blocks of corundum bricks 3 can for clamping, bonding etc., all drop within protection scope of the present invention.Preferably, be respectively arranged with groove and the projection adaptive with groove on the contact-making surface of adjacent two blocks of corundum bricks 3, to improve the steadiness that connects between adjacent two blocks of corundum bricks 3.Groove can be for semicircle, step or other shapes, all within protection scope of the present invention.Adjacent two blocks of corundum bricks 3 can also by smearing fire clay or clay gluing, be preferably the fire clay gluing.
The mode that is fixedly connected with between adjacent two wear-resistant ceramics 4 can for clamping, bonding etc., all drop within protection scope of the present invention.Preferably, be respectively arranged with groove and the projection adaptive with groove on the contact-making surface of adjacent two wear-resistant ceramics 4, to improve the steadiness that connects between adjacent two wear-resistant ceramics 4.Groove can be for semicircle, step or other shapes, all within protection scope of the present invention.Adjacent two wear-resistant ceramics 4 can also by smearing fire clay or clay gluing, be preferably the fire clay gluing.
As preferably, the surface of insulating brick 2, corundum brick 3, wear-resistant ceramic 4 all scribbles fire clay.
Fire clay is for as the puzzle joint material of refractory product masonry, can be divided into clay matter, High-Alumina, siliceous and magnesite refractory etc. by material.Fire clay is comprised of refractory powder, bond and additive.Nearly all refractory raw material can make to prepare the used powder of fire clay.Add that an amount of plastic clay is made bond and plasticizer and the common fire clay of title made with the grog refractory powder, its normal temperature strength is lower, forms Ceramic bond under the high temperature and just has higher-strength.With the hydraulicity, air-setting or the thermohardening bond material title chemical bond fire clay as bond, namely produce certain chemical reaction before forming the Ceramic bond temperature and harden being lower than.Select the material of refractory wass, should consider consistent with the material of the refractory product of masonry.Fire clay also can adopt semar technique or gunite as the protective finish of lining body except making the puzzle joint material.The present invention adopts corundum fireproof mud, to improve the steadiness that connects between insulating brick 2, corundum brick 3, the wear-resistant ceramic 4.
As preferably; connected mode between cylindrical shell 1 and the insulating brick 2, between insulating brick 2 and the corundum brick 3 can for bonding, by anchoring piece 5 welding, by anchoring piece 5 riveted joints, clamping, by anchoring piece 5 bolt connections etc., the every connected mode that can fix all drops within protection scope of the present invention.
As preferably, connect by anchoring piece 5 bolts between cylindrical shell 1, insulating brick 2 and the corundum brick 3.
Preferably, bolt 6 by corundum brick 3, insulating brick 2, is fixed on the cylindrical shell 1 successively.Fixing mode can be welding, also can be for punching at cylindrical shell 1, and bolt 6 is successively by nutted mode behind the hole on corundum brick 3, insulating brick 2, the cylindrical shell 1.
Preferably, insulating brick 2 is provided with through hole 23 along its thickness direction, and cylindrical shell 1 is provided with the anchoring piece 5 that extends to through hole 23, and anchoring piece 5 has internal thread; Corundum brick 3 is provided with shoulder hole 31 along its thickness direction, and the diameter holes of shoulder hole 31 is near insulating brick 2, and bolt 6 is plugged in the shoulder hole 31 screw-internal thread fit with anchoring piece 5.
Preferably, anchoring piece 5 is the stainless steel anchoring piece.
As preferably, bolt 6 heads scribble fire clay.
Wear-resistant ceramic in the rotary kiln provided by the invention 4 is carried out abrasion test, after using 9 months, stop kiln and check, the wear-resistant ceramic 3.4mm that only weares and teares; After using 15 months, 24 months, 42 months, stop kiln respectively and check, wear-resistant ceramic worn and torn respectively 5.7mm, 9.0mm, 14.3mm, revolution provided by the invention still can be kept normal operation, can be with 14 times of rotary kiln Service lifes.
Production is the result show, rotary kiln provided by the invention on the basis of processing 410 tons in raw ore day, with the amount of every daily consumption natural gas by 9100 original～9220m
3Be reduced to 6400～6470m
3Thereby, to add the raising rotary kiln life-span and avoided maintenance or again built kiln, production period need not stop kiln, intensification, annual conserve energy 35～36%.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a rotary kiln comprises cylindrical shell and the insulating brick that is arranged at described cylindrical shell inboard, it is characterized in that, is provided with wear-resistant ceramic in described insulating brick inboard;
Described wear-resistant ceramic comprises corundum 40～60% by percentage to the quality, 500～800 order calcined aluminas 32～48%, kaolin 4.4～6.6%, precipitated calcium carbonate 2.8～4.05%, talcum powder 0.8～1.2%, cellulose 0.16～0.24%;
The percentage by weight sum of each component is 100% in the described wear-resistant ceramic.
2. rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is respectively arranged with groove and the projection adaptive with described groove on the contact-making surface of adjacent two blocks of described insulating bricks.
3. rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with corundum brick between described insulating brick and the described wear-resistant ceramic.
4. rotary kiln as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described corundum brick is being provided with dovetail groove with described wear-resistant ceramic contact-making surface, and described wear-resistant ceramic is being provided with the swallow-tail form projection adaptive with described corundum brick dovetail groove with described corundum brick contact-making surface.
5. rotary kiln as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the surface of described insulating brick, described corundum brick, described wear-resistant ceramic all scribbles fire clay.
6. rotary kiln as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, is bolted between described cylindrical shell, described insulating brick and the described corundum brick.
7. rotary kiln as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described insulating brick is provided with the first through hole along its thickness direction, and described cylindrical shell is provided with the anchoring piece that extends to described the first through hole inside, and described anchoring piece has internal thread; Described corundum brick is provided with the second through hole along its thickness direction, described bolt be plugged in described the second through hole and with the screw-internal thread fit of described anchoring piece.
8. rotary kiln as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described the second through hole is shoulder hole, and the close described insulating brick of the diameter holes of described shoulder hole, and the head of described bolt is embedded in the hole, large footpath of described shoulder hole.
9. such as each described rotary kiln of claim 6 to 8, it is characterized in that described bolt head scribbles fire clay.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101389009A CN102221289B (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | Rotary kiln |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101389009A CN102221289B (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | Rotary kiln |
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| CN102221289A CN102221289A (en) | 2011-10-19 |
| CN102221289B true CN102221289B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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| CN105675738A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-15 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | LC-Q-TOF/MS detection technology for 544 pesticide residues in stem vegetables |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0350831A2 (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1990-01-17 | Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh | Ceramic lining for a combustion chamber |
| DE4119993A1 (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1992-12-24 | Forsch Anorganische Werkstoffe | Kiln cladding - has separately exchangeable ceramic plates fitted to inner kiln cladding by ceramic mountings |
| CN2173930Y (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1994-08-10 | 清华煤燃烧工程研究中心宜兴耐火材料实验厂 | Ceramic-clay composite wear-resistant brick |
| CN201434594Y (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-03-31 | 宜兴市张泽耐火电瓷厂 | Fire-resistant and abrasion-resistant lining structure for heat insulation surface of industrial furnace |
| CN201555453U (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-08-18 | 河北天达万方实业有限公司 | Energy-saving brick and rotary kiln inside lining structure comprising thereof |
| CN201785189U (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2011-04-06 | 中石油东北炼化工程有限公司吉林设计院 | Fuel gasifying furnace |
| CN202126166U (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2012-01-25 | 醴陵友立特种陶瓷有限公司 | Rotary kiln |
-
2011
- 2011-05-26 CN CN2011101389009A patent/CN102221289B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0350831A2 (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1990-01-17 | Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh | Ceramic lining for a combustion chamber |
| DE4119993A1 (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1992-12-24 | Forsch Anorganische Werkstoffe | Kiln cladding - has separately exchangeable ceramic plates fitted to inner kiln cladding by ceramic mountings |
| CN2173930Y (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1994-08-10 | 清华煤燃烧工程研究中心宜兴耐火材料实验厂 | Ceramic-clay composite wear-resistant brick |
| CN201434594Y (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-03-31 | 宜兴市张泽耐火电瓷厂 | Fire-resistant and abrasion-resistant lining structure for heat insulation surface of industrial furnace |
| CN201555453U (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-08-18 | 河北天达万方实业有限公司 | Energy-saving brick and rotary kiln inside lining structure comprising thereof |
| CN201785189U (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2011-04-06 | 中石油东北炼化工程有限公司吉林设计院 | Fuel gasifying furnace |
| CN202126166U (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2012-01-25 | 醴陵友立特种陶瓷有限公司 | Rotary kiln |
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