CN102219231A - Cationic-nonionic composite organic montmorillonite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cationic-nonionic composite organic montmorillonite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102219231A CN102219231A CN 201110119074 CN201110119074A CN102219231A CN 102219231 A CN102219231 A CN 102219231A CN 201110119074 CN201110119074 CN 201110119074 CN 201110119074 A CN201110119074 A CN 201110119074A CN 102219231 A CN102219231 A CN 102219231A
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- 229910017059 organic montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 polyoxyethylene nonylphenol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
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- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- RNMDNPCBIKJCQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nonyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-trien-2-ol Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCC)C1=C2C(=C(C=C1)O)O2 RNMDNPCBIKJCQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 5
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical class CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical class NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005260 alpha ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001579 aluminosilicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical class CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005131 dialkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cationic-nonionic composite intercalated organic montmorillonite and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of: refining calcium montmorillonites; conducting a hydration treatment to the calcium montmorillonites, i.e. making the refined calcium montmorillonites into water suspension which is then subjected a hydration treatment through a combination of mechanical stirring and ultrasonic effect; preparing cationic-nonionic composite intercalated organic montmorillonite materials, i.e. respectively under the effects of ultrasonic dispersion and mechanical stirring, employing an organic cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant to intercalate the hydrated montmorillonite suspension in order. The interlamellar spacing of the organic montmorillonite provided in the invention can reach more than 4.6nm. Characterized by high thermostability, uniform dispersion in an organic phase, high stripping degree and excellent performance, the cationic-nonionic composite intercalated organic montmorillonite can be applied to the field of macromolecule nanocomposite preparation as a filling material with excellent performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the organically-modified novel process of ca-montmorillonite, more specifically relate to compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic and preparation method thereof.By method provided by the invention, adopt positively charged ion and nonionic surface active agent to come compound intercalation modifying montmorillonite, can make high interlamellar spacing, high performance organic montmorillonite.
Background technology
Montmorillonite is a kind of aqueous layer aluminosilicate mineral, forms by chlorine aluminium of two silicon-oxy tetrahedron therebetween (magnesium) oxygen (hydrogen-oxygen) are octahedra, and lattice spacing is about 0.96nm, and interlayer has tradable Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+Deng positively charged ion, can exchange with other positively charged ions.
Organic montmorillonite has extensive use, has been applied to departments such as lubricating grease, paint, printing ink, makeup, medical and health, environmental improvement, food and national defense industry.The organic montmorillonite interlamellar spacing d of Chu Shouing in the market
001Value is many about 2.0nm, because of organic degree is lower, causes dispersion effect and the extent of exfoliation of product in organic phase not good.
Produce organic montmorillonite at present both at home and abroad and adopt cationic surfactant more, exchange by the positively charged ion between positively charged ion and montmorillonite layer and between montmorillonite layer, to introduce organic group, product is single, performance still can not satisfy the requirement in each related application field, and especially relatively poor, the product colour of its thermostability has limited its application in the high molecule nano composite material field more deeply.
For example, the Chinese patent application of CN101774598A discloses the preparation method of the modified clay of alkyl ammonium salt surfactant intercalation, it with the solvent reaction that contains alkyl ammonium salt surfactant or by with clay powder and alkyl ammonium salt surfactant solubilizing reaction, obtains the modified clay of alkyl ammonium salt surfactant intercalation by the suspension of clay in water.But, the interlamellar spacing of gained modified clay remains further to be increased.
Domestic and international many scientific worker's will power are in the novel organic montmorillonite of research preparation at present.How to improve environment between montmorillonite layer, changing the montmorillonite interfloor distance is the research focus.
A kind of research direction is to be used for cats product and coating materials combination modified montmorillonite used.
CN1796465A discloses the intercalation and the coating materials of montmorillonite, carry out cation exchange reaction by quaternary ammonium salt and montmorillonite, utilize coupling agent that montmorillonite is carried out finishing again, improve the hydrophobicity of organic modification montmorillonite greatly, make it in non-polar solvent, can property form highly stable dispersion system.
The CN1160424C Chinese patent discloses a kind of method for preparing organobentonite, adopt quaternary ammonium salt as properties-correcting agent, by with the reaction of bentonitic suspension liquid of aqueous phase and quarternary ammonium salt compound, and carry out surface modification treatment, make organobentonite with unsaturated carboxylic acid compounds.The carboxyl or the ammonium of poly-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives have very strong chemical adsorption capacity to the wilkinite surface, can avoid the tightly packed of wilkinite thin skin attached to lip-deep poly-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives, improve the solvent chemical combination dispersive ability in solvent.But, in this patent, poly-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives just plays the effect of surface adsorption, does not contribute to wilkinite is interlayer modified.
The Chinese patent application of CN1554474A discloses a kind of sun-nonionic organobentonite wastewater treatment material and preparation method thereof, wilkinite imported in positively charged ion and the non-ionic mixed surfactants solutions react, obtain sun-nonionic organobentonite after the processing.Its utilization be the adsorptivity of nonionogenic tenside polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to the wilkinite surface, cats product has improved the absorption of nonionogenic tenside PVA on the wilkinite surface, makes sun-nonionic bentonite organic carbon content be higher than the summation of corresponding positively charged ion organobentonite and nonionic organobentonite organic carbon content.Wilkinite comprises distributional effects to organic pollutant adsorption effect in the water, and the size of distributional effects and organic carbon content positive correlation, because the organic carbon content raising, thereby distributional effects significantly strengthens, and effectively removes the organic pollutant in the water.
In the research of the above-mentioned type, coupling agent, poly-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives and nonionogenic tenside all are as coating materials modification to be carried out on the montmorillonite surface, do not play a role for the interlayer modified of montmorillonite.
Another kind of research direction is to use nonionic surface active agent modified montmorillonite used.Though it is modified montmorillonite used that nonionic surface active agent can be used for, but montmorillonite is carried out intercalation modifying because of simple nonionic surface active agent is very difficult, and the organic montmorillonite wetting ability that makes is strong, is difficult to realize separating of organic montmorillonite and aqueous phase system.
On the other hand, the montmorillonite interfloor distance of producing at present that organises still has further improved space.
At present as yet not relevant for thereby montmorillonite being carried out the preparation method of the modified montmorillonite used compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic that makes high interlamellar spacing of intercalation and the report of performance characteristics with cats product and nonionogenic tenside.
Summary of the invention
The inventor is by discovering with keen determination, can use cationic surfactant that ca-montmorillonite is carried out intercalation modifying earlier, interlayer cation by cationic surfactant and montmorillonite carries out exchange interaction, montmorillonite is carried out preliminary organically-modified, organic group is introduced between montmorillonite layer, thereby the wetting ability montmorillonite is modified as the hydrophobicity montmorillonite, the interlamellar spacing of the big montmorillonite of preliminary support, and then use nonionic surfactant to carry out intercalation modifying, because montmorillonite has become hydrophobic, therefore nonionic surfactant easily enters between montmorillonite layer, thereby further support the interlamellar spacing of big montmorillonite, make montmorillonite layer realize well peeling off, realize the present invention thus.
The object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic, this method may further comprise the steps:
A. purifying montmorillonite: natural ca-montmorillonite is purified;
B. montmorillonite being carried out aquation handles: the ca-montmorillonite after will purifying is made aqeous suspension, carries out aquation by mechanical stirring and ultrasonication blended mode and handles;
C. prepare the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic material: fully the montmorillonite hydrating fluid of aquation is designated as A liquid, add organic cation type tensio-active agent in the A liquid and carry out the ultra-sonic dispersion effect, follow-up mechanical stirring again, B liquid, then nonionic surface active agent is joined in the B liquid parallel operation and carries out the ultra-sonic dispersion effect, follow-up mechanical stirring again, constant temperature leaves standstill, separate, drying obtains the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the positively charged ion-nonionic that makes by aforesaid method compound intercal type organic montmorillonite.
The present invention adopts the method for cationic surfactant and the compound intercalation of nonionic surface active agent to prepare novel organic montmorillonite, the inventive method technical process is simple, modifier source is easy to get, the gas producing formation spacing can be up to more than the 4.35nm, the thermostability height is uniformly dispersed in organic phase, the extent of exfoliation height, excellent performance, the applying filler that can be used as a kind of excellent performance is to preparation high molecule nano composite material field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a ca-montmorillonite crystalline structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the XRD figure of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of gained positively charged ion-nonionic among the embodiment 2, and wherein MMT represents montmorillonite, and CTAB represents cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.
Fig. 3 is the XRD figure of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of gained positively charged ion-nonionic among the embodiment 3, and wherein MMT represents montmorillonite, and CTAB represents cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.
Fig. 4 is the XRD figure of ca-montmorillonite, and wherein MMT represents montmorillonite.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is carried out in detail.By these descriptions, it is more clear that characteristics of the present invention and advantage will become.
The invention provides the preparation method of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic, this method may further comprise the steps:
A. purifying montmorillonite: ca-montmorillonite is purified;
B. montmorillonite being carried out aquation handles: the ca-montmorillonite after will purifying is made aqeous suspension, carries out aquation by mechanical stirring and ultrasonication blended mode and handles;
C. prepare the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic material: fully the montmorillonite hydrating fluid of aquation is designated as A liquid, add organic cation type tensio-active agent in the A liquid and carry out the ultra-sonic dispersion effect, follow-up mechanical stirring again, B liquid, then nonionic surface active agent is joined in the B liquid parallel operation and carries out the ultra-sonic dispersion effect, follow-up mechanical stirring again, constant temperature leaves standstill, separate, drying obtains the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic material.
Steps A
In preparation method of the present invention, the effect of steps A is that natural ca-montmorillonite is carried out purifying, removes impurity, can by natural calcium base montmorillonite is pulverized, the settlement separate realization in water.
In a preparation method's of the present invention embodiment preferred, steps A comprises: with ball mill with natural ca-montmorillonite raw material pulverizing, cross 200 mesh sieves, ca-montmorillonite is dispersed in is made into suspension in the water and makes its " concentration " be no more than 10g/L, electronic stirring 15-60 minute, preferred 20-30 minute, more preferably 20 minutes, room temperature leaves standstill for some time, preferred 6-20 hour, preferred 8-10 hour, take out the upper strata suspension liquid with siphon pipe, centrifugation, as 60-100 ℃, about especially 70 ℃ of following dryings get purifying montmorillonite at elevated temperatures, remaining part adds distilled water again, volume returned to continue after the former state to stir 15-60 minute, preferred 20-30 minute, more preferably 20 minutes, leave standstill for some time, preferred 6-20 hour, preferred after 8-10 hour, take out the upper strata suspension liquid again, so repeatedly several times, add again till the distilled water rear suspension liquid relatively clarifies up to remainder.
Step B
In preparation method of the present invention, the effect of step B is that the ca-montmorillonite after purifying is carried out abundant aquation, by combining of ultra-sonic dispersion effect and mechanical agitation, montmorillonite effectively can be disperseed in water, promote that cats product enters between montmorillonite layer, thereby carry out cationic exchange with interlayer cation.
The inventor compares with simple mechanical agitation by discovering, ultra-sonic dispersion effect and mechanical agitation bonded mode are well a lot of for the dispersion effect of montmorillonite in water.Found through experiments, compare with the interlamellar spacing of the aquation montmorillonite that carries out the aquation acquisition by mechanical stirring, the interlayer that combines the aquation montmorillonite that carries out the aquation acquisition by the ultra-sonic dispersion effect with mechanical agitation on average increases 0.5-1.0nm.Reason for this reason may be the ultrasonic further dispersion that the physical influence and the chemical effect of montmorillonite have been promoted montmorillonite.
In a preparation method's of the present invention embodiment preferred, step B comprises: ca-montmorillonite and the water of purifying are pressed mass ratio 3-15: 100, and preferred 3-10: 100, more preferably 4-6: 100, also more preferably 5: 100 proportional arrangement becomes suspension, transfer in the flask, controlled temperature is at 50-80 ℃, preferred 60-70 ℃, more preferably about 70 ℃, adopt mechanical stirring to be aided with the mode aquation of ultra-sonic dispersion, hydration time is preferably 20-120 minute, more preferably 30-60 minute.
In the step B of the inventive method, used ultransonic power is preferably 50-400W, more preferably from about 250W.
Step C
In preparation method of the present invention, the effect of step C is to enter between montmorillonite layer by cats product and anion surfactant intercalation successively, thereby the support of montmorillonite layer spacing is big, thereby prepare the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of strippable positively charged ion-nonionic material.
The inventor directly carries out intercalation modifying to montmorillonite through discovering with nonionic surface active agent, is difficult to realize solid-liquid separation.
Find unexpectedly, when by ultra-sonic dispersion effect and mechanical agitation, after using hydrophilic cationic surfactant that montmorillonite is carried out the intercalation improvement, obtain big hydrophobic modified montmorillonite used of interlamellar spacing support, again by ultra-sonic dispersion effect and mechanical agitation, can make nonionic surface active agent enter hydrophobic modified montmorillonite used interlayer, further support big montmorillonite layer spacing, obtain further big modified montmorillonite used of support of interlamellar spacing.
The compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of the positively charged ion-nonionic material layer spacing that obtains by the inventive method is up to more than the 4.6nm, its separability, thermostability and the excellent dispersion in organic phase, the applying filler that can be used as excellent performance is in the field of printing ink, paint, coating and preparation high molecule nano composite material.
In a preparation method's of the present invention embodiment preferred, step C comprises: fully the montmorillonite hydrating fluid of aquation is an A liquid, add organic cation type tensio-active agent in the A liquid and carry out the ultra-sonic dispersion effect, follow-up mechanical stirring again, B liquid, then nonionic surface active agent is joined in the B liquid parallel operation and carry out the ultra-sonic dispersion effect, follow-up mechanical stirring again, constant temperature leaves standstill, and separates, drying obtains the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic material.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, in step C, separating, after the drying, the aftertreatment manufacturing procedure such as can pulverize.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, in step C, in the process of whole steps C, the temperature of reaction system is controlled in the 40-80 ℃ of scope, in the preferred 50-70 ℃ of scope, and more preferably from about 60 ℃.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, in step C, the time of carrying out each ultra-sonic dispersion effect is preferably respectively below 60 minutes independently, more preferably below 30 minutes, also more preferably below 20 minutes.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, in step C, the time of carrying out each mechanical agitation is preferably respectively more than 30 minutes independently, more preferably more than 1 hour, and also more preferably 1-2 hour.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, in step C, used cationic surfactant is a quaternary cationics.In the present invention, operable quaternary cationics is not particularly limited, and can use this area quaternary cationics commonly used.
The example of available quaternary cationics comprises alkyl quaternary ammonium saltss such as trimethylalkyl ammonium salt, triethyl alkylammonium salt, tributyl alkylammonium salt, dimethyl dialkyl ammonium salt, dibutyl dialkyl ammonium salt, methyl-benzyl alkylammonium salt, dibenzyl dialkyl ammonium salt, trialkyl methyl ammonium salt, trialkyl ethyl ammonium salt, trialkyl butyl ammonium salt; The quaternary ammonium salt of courtyard aramids such as the basic machine ammonium of front three; Fixanol, imidazole salts etc. have the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt.
Wherein, preferred Trimethyllaurylammonium bromide, Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethylammonium bromide and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.The inventor finds that by lot of experiments under the identical situation of other conditions, the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of the positively charged ion-nonionic material layer spacing of being produced by these preferred quaternary ammonium salts is bigger, and material property is better.Studies show that the combination of these preferred quaternary ammonium salt cationic type tensio-active agents and following nonionic surface active agent is very favourable for the intercalation modifying of montmorillonite.
Above-mentioned quaternary ammonium salt can use separately, also can arbitrary combination use.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, in step C, the amount of used cationic surfactant is the 0.5-10 weight % of A liquid gross weight,, preferred 0.5-6 weight %, also more preferably 1-3 weight %.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, in step C, used nonionic surface active agent is selected from one or more in polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OP-10), polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol, Witco 1298 Soft Acid, dodecyl sodium sulfonate and the stearic acid.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, in step C, the amount of used nonionic surface active agent is the 0.5-10 weight % of A liquid gross weight,, preferred 0.5-6 weight %, also more preferably 1-3 weight %.
The inventor discovers, by above-mentioned cationic surfactant and the combination of above-mentioned nonionic surface active agent are used for the intercalation modifying montmorillonite, can obtain interlamellar spacing up to the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of the strippable positively charged ion-nonionic more than the 4.6nm.
In a preparation method's of the present invention preferred embodiment, step C comprises: fully the montmorillonite slurry of aquation is an A liquid, with an amount of 0.5-10 weight % as A liquid gross weight, preferred 0.5-6 weight %, also more preferably the organic cation type tensio-active agent of 1-3 weight % adds in the A liquid and ultrasonication below 20 minutes, follow-up mechanical stirring 1-2 hour, get B liquid, then with an amount of 0.5-10 weight % as A liquid gross weight, preferred 0.5-6 weight %, also more preferably the nonionic surface active agent of 1-3 weight % joins in the B liquid and ultra-sonic dispersion below 20 minutes, follow-up mechanical stirring 1-2 hour, stops to stir and constant temperature left standstill 1-2 hour, constant temperature carries out under the temperature of said process in 40-80 ℃ of scope, centrifugal, drying, pulverize the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic.
The present invention also provides by the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of the positively charged ion-nonionic of method for preparing.
The compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of preparation method of the present invention and positively charged ion-nonionic has the following advantages:
1. compare with present preparation organic montmorillonite technology, can directly use natural ca-montmorillonite among the present invention, and need not sodium, omitted the sodium technological process;
2. the ultrasonic radiation technology is applied to montmorillonite aquation and properties-correcting agent intercalation process, has realized in high-content montmorillonite slurries and high density cationic surfactant system, nonionic surface active agent system, preparing the purpose of positively charged ion-non-ionic type organic montmorillonite powder;
The compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of the positively charged ion-nonionic of gained of the present invention in organic solvent through high speed shear can realize the layer with layer peel off, with nano level lamella homodisperse, significantly improve the rotary viscosity of system, and embodying good rheological, thixotropy, the auxiliary rheological agents that therefore can be used as a kind of excellent performance uses.
4. the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of the positively charged ion-nonionic of gained of the present invention material possesses good thickening power, can be widely used in fields such as lubricating grease, coating, paint, printing ink, environmental improvement; And this organic montmorillonite shows the not available characteristic of general inorganic powder, can combine closely with organic matrix, and this provides the filler of excellent performance for preparing polymkeric substance/montmorillonite nano-composite material dissimilar, excellent combination property.
Embodiment
Experimental section
The X-ray diffraction experiment
The D/MAX2000 type X ray powder crystal diffractometer (Cu target K alpha-ray) that uses HIT to produce at λ=0.15406nm, goes on foot wide=0.02, operating voltage 40Kv, and under the working current 100mA condition, analytic sample.
In each embodiment, ultransonic power is 250W.
The purification of embodiment 1 montmorillonite
1. with ball mill the montmorillonite raw ore is pulverized, crossed 200 mesh sieves, get montmorillonite powder;
2. take by weighing the 80g montmorillonite powder and be dissolved in the 8L distilled water and (use barreled), the electricity consumption agitator stirred 20 minutes, and montmorillonite is made into the suspension that " concentration " is no more than 10g/L, continued to leave standstill 8 hours under room temperature state, took out the part of height＜10cm with siphon pipe;
3. get upper strata 10cm suspension liquid, centrifugal, vacuum-drying (70 ℃) must be made with extra care montmorillonite;
4. Sheng Xia part adds distilled water again, volume is returned to continue behind the original volume to stir 20 minutes, makes not " taking apart " and the residual particles dispersed greater than 2 μ m, after 8 hours again with it taking-up.So repeatedly several times, till the suspension of gained is relatively clarified after remainder adds distilled water again.
The preparation of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of embodiment 2 positively charged ions-nonionic
With the cation exchange capacity of purifying through water law that obtains among the embodiment 1 is 88meq/100g, the montmorillonite 5g that particle diameter is crossed 200 mesh sieves joins in the there-necked flask that fills 100ml water, the ultrasonic mechanical stirring aquation that adds was designated as A liquid in 1 hour, the 0.8g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is slowly joined in the A liquid, ultra-sonic dispersion stops ultrasonic after 10 minutes, continued mechanical stirring 0.5-1 hour, add 5g polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OP-10), ultra-sonic dispersion continued mechanical stirring 1 hour after 10 minutes, stopping to stir constant temperature left standstill 1 hour, be cooled to the room temperature centrifugation, with deionized water wash sample 1 time, dry a few hours under 80 ℃ of conditions in loft drier, be ground to 200 mesh sieves, promptly got the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic.
The x-ray diffraction spectra (XRD figure) of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of gained positively charged ion-nonionic as shown in Figure 2.As shown in Figure 2, the interlamellar spacing of this organic montmorillonite is 4.6nm.
The preparation of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of embodiment 3 positively charged ions-nonionic
With the cation exchange capacity of purifying through water law that obtains among the embodiment 1 is 88meq/100g, the montmorillonite 5g that particle diameter is crossed 200 mesh sieves joins in the there-necked flask that fills 100ml water, the ultrasonic mechanical stirring aquation that adds was designated as A liquid in 1 hour, the 0.8g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is slowly joined in the A liquid, ultra-sonic dispersion stops ultrasonic after 10 minutes, continued mechanical stirring 0.5-1 hour, add 3g polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OP-10), ultra-sonic dispersion continued mechanical stirring 1 hour after 10 minutes, stopping to stir constant temperature left standstill 1 hour, be cooled to the room temperature centrifugation, with deionized water wash sample 1 time, dry a few hours under 80 ℃ of conditions in loft drier, be ground to 200 mesh sieves, promptly got the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic.
The x-ray diffraction spectra (XRD figure) of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of gained positively charged ion-nonionic as shown in Figure 3.As shown in Figure 3, the interlamellar spacing of this organic montmorillonite is 4.35nm.
Comparative example 1
Method according to the embodiment 1 of CN100381506C prepares organically-modified montmorillonite.
The interlamellar spacing of this organic montmorillonite is 1.9nm.
More as can be known, the interlamellar spacing of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of the positively charged ion-nonionic in the embodiment of the invention is obviously greater than the organic montmorillonite in the comparative example.
Because comparative example 1 uses cationic surfactant and nonionic surface active agent that montmorillonite is carried out modification, cationic surfactant carries out intercalation modifying, nonionic surface active agent then is that montmorillonite is carried out surface modification, yet, in the present invention, cationic surfactant and nonionic surface active agent carry out intercalation modifying to montmorillonite successively, so the interlamellar spacing of gained organic montmorillonite is bigger.
Above in conjunction with embodiment extremely preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, but these are described and not to be constituted limitation of the scope of the invention.Be to be understood that; under the situation that does not depart from the scope of the invention and spirit; can carry out multiple modification, improvement and replacement to technical scheme of the present invention and embodiment thereof, these are modified, improve and replace and all should fall in the protection domain of appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic, this method may further comprise the steps:
A. purifying montmorillonite: ca-montmorillonite is purified;
B. montmorillonite being carried out aquation handles: the ca-montmorillonite after will purifying is made aqeous suspension, carries out aquation by mechanical stirring and ultrasonication blended mode and handles;
C. prepare the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic material: fully the ca-montmorillonite hydrating fluid of aquation is designated as A liquid, add organic cation type tensio-active agent in the A liquid and carry out the ultra-sonic dispersion effect, follow-up mechanical stirring again, B liquid, then nonionic surface active agent is joined in the B liquid and carries out ultra-sonic dispersion effect, follow-up mechanical stirring again, constant temperature leaves standstill, separate, drying obtains the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic material.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, rapid A comprises: with ball mill with natural ca-montmorillonite raw material pulverizing, cross 200 mesh sieves, ca-montmorillonite is dispersed in is made into suspension in the water and makes its " concentration " be no more than 10g/L, electronic stirring 15-60 minute, preferred 20-30 minute, more preferably 20 minutes, room temperature left standstill for some time, preferred 6-20 hour, preferred 8-10 hour, take out the upper strata suspension liquid with siphon pipe, centrifugation is at elevated temperatures as 60-100 ℃, dry under about especially 70 ℃, purifying montmorillonite, remaining part adds distilled water again, volume is returned to continue after the former state to stir 15-60 minute, preferred 20-30 minute, more preferably 20 minutes, leave standstill for some time, preferred 6-20 hour, preferred after 8-10 hour, take out the upper strata suspension liquid again, so repeatedly several times, add again till the distilled water rear suspension liquid relatively clarifies up to remainder.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, step B comprises: the montmorillonite and the water of purifying are pressed mass ratio 3-15: 100, preferred 3-10: 100, more preferably 4-6: 100, also more preferably 5: 100 proportional arrangement becomes suspension, transfers in the flask, controlled temperature is at 50-80 ℃, preferred 60-70 ℃, more preferably about 70 ℃, adopt mechanical stirring to be aided with the mode aquation of ultra-sonic dispersion, hydration time is preferably 20-120 minute, more preferably 30-60 minute.
4. according to each described method among the claim 1-3, wherein, among the step B, used ultransonic power is preferably 50-400W, more preferably from about 250W.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, in step C, in the process of whole steps C, the temperature of reaction system is controlled in 40～80 ℃ of scopes, in the preferred 50-70 ℃ of scope, more preferably from about 60 ℃.
6. according to each described method among the claim 1-5, wherein, in step C, the time of carrying out each ultra-sonic dispersion effect is preferably respectively below 60 minutes independently, more preferably below 30 minutes, also more preferably below 20 minutes; The time of carrying out each mechanical agitation is preferably respectively more than 30 minutes independently, more preferably more than 1 hour, and also more preferably 1-2 hour.
7. according to each described method among the claim 1-6, wherein, in step C, described cationic surfactant is a quaternary ammonium salt, one or more in preferred Trimethyllaurylammonium bromide, Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethylammonium bromide and the octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; And/or
The consumption of described cationic surfactant is the 0.5-10 weight % of A liquid gross weight,, preferred 0.5-6 weight %, also more preferably 1-3 weight %.
8. according to each described method among the claim 1-7, wherein, in step C, described nonionic surface active agent is one or more in polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OP-10), polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol, Witco 1298 Soft Acid, dodecyl sodium sulfonate and the stearic acid;
The consumption of described nonionic surface active agent is the 0.5-10 weight % of A liquid gross weight,, preferred 0.5-6 weight %, also more preferably 1-3 weight %.
9. the compound intercal type organic montmorillonite of positively charged ion-nonionic, it is by according to the preparation of method described in each among the claim 1-8.
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