CN102212210A - Method for preparing polyaniline-coated bacteria cellulose nano conductive composite by in-situ polymerization - Google Patents
Method for preparing polyaniline-coated bacteria cellulose nano conductive composite by in-situ polymerization Download PDFInfo
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- CN102212210A CN102212210A CN 201110111018 CN201110111018A CN102212210A CN 102212210 A CN102212210 A CN 102212210A CN 201110111018 CN201110111018 CN 201110111018 CN 201110111018 A CN201110111018 A CN 201110111018A CN 102212210 A CN102212210 A CN 102212210A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a polyaniline-coated bacteria cellulose nano conductive composite by in-situ polymerization, which comprises the steps of: removing impurities from dynamically fermented primary bacteria cellulose nano fiber, pre-treating to obtain wet bacteria cellulose; placing the wet bacteria cellulose in deionized water and then dispersing uniformly; then adding a dimethyl formamide solvent and an aniline monomer to the deionized water, stirring the deionized water so that the aniline monomer is sufficiently diffused to a bacteria cellulose network; adding the mixed solution of an oxidant and a doping agent, and performing in-situ oxidation polymerization; and washing the obtained crude product many times with acetone (or ethanol), deionized water and hydrochloric acid in sequence, and freezing and drying the washed product to obtain the nano conductive composite. The nano conductive composite prepared according to the scheme of the invention has higher electric conductivity, low cost, mild reaction and little toxicity.
Description
The invention belongs to the technology of in-situ polymerization clad nano conductive polymers on nanofiber, be specifically related to the preparation method of polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano compound system.
Background technology
Because global energy anxiety, oil price are surging, seeking new forms of energy becomes various countries' problem demanding prompt solution as the substitute of fossil oil.Proton exchange membrane (Proton Exchange Membrane, PEM) fuel cell (Fuel Cell, FC) be to utilize the good mode of Hydrogen Energy, it is that ionogen provides the proton conduction passage with the polymkeric substance, have that operating temperature is low, power density is high, startup is fast, response is rapid, simple in structure, easy to operate, with characteristics such as good stabilities, can be used for fields such as electromobile, mobile communication, stationary electric power plant, submarine and space flight.Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is the core of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, the good and bad serviceability that directly influences fuel cell of its performance.Therefore, the polymer-type proton exchange membrane that cost of development is low, pollution is little, performance is good is the development trend of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
Bacteria cellulose (Bacterial Cellulose, BC) become the focus of domestic and international material area research as a kind of emerging environmentally friendly material, have high-crystallinity, high purity, high mechanical strength, hyperfine and good particular performances such as biocompatibility, can be applicable to fuel cell, food, medical medical science, papermaking, petroleum prospecting, sewage disposal and novel energetic material etc. the field.In recent years, based on the biocompatibility of bacteria cellulose and the matrix material of biodegradable characteristics a lot of reports are arranged.(①.?A.?L.?Buyanov,?I.?V.?Gofman,?L.?G.?Revel’skaya,?A.?K.?Khripunov?and?A.?A.?Tkachenko.?Anisotropic?swelling?and?mechanical?behavior?of?composite?bacterial?cellulose-poly(acrylamide?or?acrylamide-sodium?acrylate)?hydrogels.?Carbohydr.?Polym.,?2010,?3,?102-111;?②.?S.?Gea,?E.?Bilotti,?C.?T.?Reynolds,?N.?Soykeabkeaw,?T.?Peijs.?Bacterial?cellulose/poly(vinyl?alcohol)?nanocomposites?prepared?by?an?in-situ?process.?Mater.?Lett.,?2010,?64,?901-904;?③.?H.?S.?Barud,?J.?L.?Souza,?D.?B.?Santos,?M.?S.?Crespi,?C.?A.?Riberiro,?Y.?Messaddeq,?S.?J.?L.?Ribeiro.?Bacterial?cellulose/poly(3-hyroxybutyrate)?composite?membranes.?Carbohydr.?Polym.,?2011,?83,?1279-1284.)。But, with the bacteria cellulose be matrix the conductive polymer nanometer conducing composite material report but seldom, wherein up-to-date report exist again the lower shortcoming of synthetic matrix material specific conductivity (4.. D. M ü ller, C. R. Rambo, D. O. S. Recouvreux, L. M. Porto, G. M. O. Barra. Chemical in situ polymerization of polypyrrole on bacterial cellulose nanofibers. Synth. Met., 2011,161,106-111.).Polyaniline (Polyaniline, PANI) be current one of the conductive polymers of application prospect that has most, have synthetic simple, structure and performance is controlled, chemical stability is good and advantage such as cheap, but because of its poor mechanical property, the difficult application that has limited polyaniline of processibility.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of with in-situ oxidizing-polymerizing method even clad nano level conductive composite layer on the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of environmental protection, good biocompatibility, thereby prepare the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of in-situ polymerization prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, and step is as follows:
The first step is removed impurity with the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation, obtains the hygrometric state bacteria cellulose after the pre-treatment;
Second step placed deionized water with the first step gained hygrometric state Mierocrystalline cellulose, stirred it is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline monomer and dimethyl formamide DMF in the second step suspension, stir aniline monomer fully is diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
In the 4th step, the reaction system maintenance steady temperature with the 3rd step adds oxygenant ammonium persulphate ((NH
4)
2S
2O
4, APS) and the mixed solution of doping agent hydrochloric acid HCl, make the aniline in-situ polymerization;
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing obtains polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites after the lyophilize.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: (1) utilizes the hyperfine network structure of bacteria cellulose, good biodegradability and excellent characteristics such as mechanical property, can improve the mechanical property of conductive nano composites; (2) electric conductivity of conductive nano composites is higher, can reach 5.066 S/cm; (3) raw material is easy to get, synthetic easy, good stability, promptly low, the reaction temperature of cost and, toxicity is little; (4) can form have network structure, be evenly distributed, specific surface area is up to 33.969 m
2/ g and eco-friendly conductive nano composites.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. be the influence of temperature to the conductive nano composites specific conductivity.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet that in-situ polymerization of the present invention prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites.
Fig. 3 is the conductive nano composites that makes of the present invention program and the infrared spectra comparison diagram of bacteria cellulose.
Fig. 4 is the scanning electronic microscope SEM photo of in-situ polymerization polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites reaction system, wherein, and (a) bacteria cellulose of primary dynamic fermentation; (b) 0 ℃ of water in-situ polymerization system of not adding DMF; (c) 0 ℃ of DMF/H
2O (1:2, v/v) reaction system and (d) 25 ℃ of DMF/H
2O (1:2, v/v).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 2, in-situ polymerization of the present invention prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, and step is as follows:
The first step is removed impurity with the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation, obtains the hygrometric state bacteria cellulose after the pre-treatment;
Second step placed deionized water with the first step gained hygrometric state bacteria cellulose, stirred it is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline monomer and dimethyl formamide (DMF) in the second step suspension, stir aniline monomer fully is diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
The 4th step kept steady temperature with the reaction system in the 3rd step, and ((NH4) 2S2O4 APS) and the mixed solution of doping agent (HCl), makes the aniline in-situ polymerization to add the oxygenant ammonium persulphate;
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing obtains polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites after the lyophilize.
Polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites preparation method of the present invention, technical qualification are: the mass ratio of bacteria cellulose and aniline monomer is 0.1:1; The mol ratio of oxygenant and aniline monomer is 1:1; The mol ratio of doping agent hydrochloric acid and aniline monomer is 1.2:1; Reaction times 24 h; Temperature of reaction is 0 ℃~10 ℃; Reaction medium DMF/H2O volume ratio is 1:2, and wherein the effect of DMF is that aniline is spread in the bacteria cellulose network is more abundant.
Embodiment 1: the preparation method of polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation is immersed in boils 3 h in the deionized water, the NaOH solution that adds 1 mol/L again boils 90 min, use deionized water wash until neutrality then, make moisture 80% hygrometric state bacteria cellulose (be kept at 4 ℃ refrigerator in) behind centrifugal 20 min;
Second step took by weighing 0.51 g (or 0.255 g, 2.55 g, 5.1 g) hygrometric state bacteria cellulose, added deionized water (3 mL), stirred bacteria cellulose is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline (1 mL) and DMF (1.5 mL) in the second step suspension, stir aniline is fully diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
In the 4th step, with the reaction system cooling in the 3rd step and remain on 0 ℃, the mixed solution that adds oxygenant APS (2.51 g) and doping agent HCl (13.2 mL, 1 mol/L) makes the aniline home position polymerization reaction carry out 24 h;
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing, obtain polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites behind lyophilize 24 h, wherein the mass ratio of bacteria cellulose and aniline monomer is that 0.1:1 is a bacteria cellulose quality when being 0.51 g, and the electric conductivity of matrix material can reach 1.544 S/cm.
Embodiment 2: the preparation method of polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation is immersed in boils 3 h in the deionized water, the NaOH solution that adds 1 mol/L again boils 90 min, use deionized water wash until neutrality then, make moisture 80% hygrometric state bacteria cellulose (be kept at 4 ℃ refrigerator in) behind centrifugal 20 min;
Second step took by weighing 0.51 g hygrometric state bacteria cellulose, added deionized water (3 mL), stirred bacteria cellulose is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline (1 mL) and DMF (1.5 mL) in the second step suspension, stir aniline is fully diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
In the 4th step, with the reaction system cooling in the 3rd step and remain on 0 ℃, add oxygenant APS (2.51 g or 1.51 g, 2.01 g, 3.01 g, 3.51 g) and doping agent HCl (13.2 mL, 1 mol/L) mixed solution makes the aniline in-situ polymerization, and 24 h are carried out in reaction;
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing, obtain polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites behind lyophilize 24 h, wherein the mol ratio of oxygenant and aniline monomer is that 1:1 is APS when being 2.51 g, and the electric conductivity of matrix material can reach 5.066 S/cm.
Embodiment 3: the preparation method of polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation is immersed in boils 3 h in the deionized water, the NaOH solution that adds 1 mol/L again boils 90 min, use deionized water wash until neutrality then, make moisture 80% hygrometric state bacteria cellulose (be kept at 4 ℃ refrigerator in) behind centrifugal 20 min;
Second step took by weighing 0.51 g (or 0.255 g, 2.55 g, 5.1 g) hygrometric state bacteria cellulose, added deionized water (3 mL), stirred bacteria cellulose is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline (1 mL) and DMF (1.5 mL or 0 mL, 3 mL, 4.5 mL, 6 mL) in the second step suspension, stir aniline is fully diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
In the 4th step, with the reaction system cooling in the 3rd step and remain on 0 ℃, the mixed solution that adds oxygenant APS (2.51 g) and doping agent HCl (13.2 mL, 1 mol/L) makes the aniline in-situ polymerization, reacts and carries out 24 h;
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing, obtain polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites behind lyophilize 24 h, wherein reaction medium DMF/H2O volume ratio is that 1:2 promptly adds DMF when being 1.5 mL, and the electric conductivity of matrix material can reach 2.853 S/cm.
Embodiment 4: the preparation method of polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation is immersed in boils 3 h in the deionized water, the NaOH solution that adds 1 mol/L again boils 90 min, use deionized water wash until neutrality then, make moisture 80% hygrometric state bacteria cellulose (be kept at 4 ℃ refrigerator in) behind centrifugal 20 min;
Second step took by weighing 0.51 g hygrometric state bacteria cellulose, added deionized water (3 mL), stirred bacteria cellulose is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline (1 mL) and DMF (1.5 mL) in the second step suspension, stir aniline is fully diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
In the 4th step, with the reaction system cooling in the 3rd step and remain on 0 ℃, add oxygenant APS (2.51 g) and doping agent 1 mol/L HCl (13.2 mL or 8.8 mL, 11 mL, 15.4 mL, 17.6 mL) mixed solution makes the aniline in-situ polymerization, and 24 h are carried out in reaction;
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing, obtain polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites behind lyophilize 24 h, wherein the mol ratio of doping agent and aniline monomer is that 1.2:1 promptly adds 1mol/L HCl when being 13.2 mL, and the electric conductivity of matrix material can reach 2.433 S/cm.
Embodiment 5: the preparation method of polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation is immersed in boils 3 h in the deionized water, the NaOH solution that adds 1 mol/L again boils 90 min, use deionized water wash until neutrality then, make moisture 80% hygrometric state bacteria cellulose (be kept at 4 ℃ refrigerator in) behind centrifugal 20 min;
Second step took by weighing 0.51 g hygrometric state bacteria cellulose, added deionized water (3 mL), stirred bacteria cellulose is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline (1 mL) and DMF (1.5 mL) in the second step suspension, stir aniline is fully diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
The 4th step remained on 0 ℃ (or 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 25 ℃) with the temperature of reaction system in the 3rd step, and the mixed solution that adds oxygenant APS (2.51 g) and doping agent HCl (13.2 mL, 1 mol/L) makes the aniline in-situ polymerization, reacts and carries out 24 h;
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing obtains polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites behind lyophilize 24 h, when wherein temperature of reaction was 0 ℃, the electric conductivity of matrix material can reach 2.473 S/cm.
Wherein temperature influences as shown in Figure 1 the specific conductivity of in-situ polymerization polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites.
Embodiment 6: the preparation method of polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation is immersed in boils 3 h in the deionized water, the NaOH solution that adds 1 mol/L again boils 90 min, use deionized water wash until neutrality then, make moisture 80% hygrometric state bacteria cellulose (be kept at 4 ℃ refrigerator in) behind centrifugal 20 min;
Second step took by weighing 0.51 g hygrometric state bacteria cellulose, added deionized water (3 mL), stirred bacteria cellulose is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline (1 mL) and DMF (1.5 mL) in the second step suspension, stir aniline is fully diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
In the 4th step, with the reaction system cooling in the 3rd step and remain on 0 ℃, add oxygenant APS (2.51 g) and doping agent HCl (13.2 mL, 1 mol/L) mixed solution makes the aniline in-situ polymerization, and 24 h (or 1 min, 5 min are carried out in reaction, 15 min, 2 h, 4 h);
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing obtains polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites behind lyophilize 24 h, when wherein the reaction times was 24 h, the electric conductivity of matrix material can reach 3.784 S/cm.
Accompanying drawing is preparation method's synoptic diagram (Fig. 2) of in-situ polymerization polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, the infrared spectra of conductive nano composites and bacteria cellulose is (Fig. 3) relatively, and the nanotopography of conductive nano composites (Fig. 4).
Claims (8)
1. an in-situ polymerization prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
The first step is removed impurity with the bacteria cellulose nanofiber of primary dynamic fermentation, obtains the hygrometric state bacteria cellulose after the pre-treatment;
Second step placed deionized water with the first step gained hygrometric state Mierocrystalline cellulose, stirred it is uniformly dispersed;
The 3rd step added aniline monomer and dimethyl formamide DMF in the second step suspension, stir aniline monomer fully is diffused in the bacteria cellulose network;
In the 4th step, the reaction system maintenance steady temperature with the 3rd step adds oxygenant ammonium persulphate ((NH
4)
2S
2O
4, APS) and the mixed solution of doping agent hydrochloric acid HCl, make the aniline in-situ polymerization;
The 5th step, the 4th step product is filtered, use acetone successively, deionized water, the hydrochloric acid flushing obtains polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites after the lyophilize.
2. in-situ polymerization according to claim 1 prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, it is characterized in that: described primary bacteria cellulose nanofiber is to be bacterial classification with acetobacter xylinum Acetobacter xylinum, at dynamic culture condition bottom fermentation and.
3. in-situ polymerization according to claim 1 prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of bacteria cellulose and aniline is 0.05:1~1:1.
4. in-situ polymerization according to claim 1 prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, it is characterized in that: the mol ratio of oxygenant ammonium persulphate and aniline is 0.6:1~1.4:1.
5. in-situ polymerization according to claim 1 prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, it is characterized in that: the mol ratio of doping agent hydrochloric acid and aniline is 0.8:1~1.6:1.
6. in-situ polymerization according to claim 1 prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, it is characterized in that: reaction medium DMF/H
2The volume ratio of O is 0~2:1.
7. in-situ polymerization according to claim 1 prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, it is characterized in that: temperature is 0 ℃~25 ℃ in the 4th step.
8. in-situ polymerization according to claim 1 prepares the method for polyaniline coated bacteria Mierocrystalline cellulose conductive nano composites, it is characterized in that: the reaction times is 1 min~24 h in the 4th step.
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