CN102208175A - Driving method for bistable liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Driving method for bistable liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Display contents can be rewritten between pixels without interference during driving of a bistable liquid crystal display device. Liquid crystal layers of all pixels are changed into a T-structure through a reset pulse1. A voltage under anchor ring damage threshold is applied to pixels maintained a T-structure during a first selecting period 2a and a voltage above anchor ring damage threshold is applied to pixels changed into a U-structure during a first selecting period 5a. And, a voltage under anchor ring damage threshold is then applied during second selecting period 2b, 5b, and a voltage of zero V is applied during a third selecting period. In this way, the structural state can be controlled without causing flowing of liquid crystal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the driving method of the liquid crystal indicator of bistable (bistable state) type, the hand that particularly utilizes bistability switch simple matrix to drive is levied the drive unit of nematic crystal display device.
Background technology
Now, twisted-nematic (TN) type liquid crystal, supertwist to row (STN) type liquid crystal, the birefringent ECB type of electrical control liquid crystal, vertical orientatedly be widely used to liquid crystal indicators such as row (VA) type liquid crystal.These liquid crystal belong to monostable typing, and not when liquid crystal layer applies electric field, liquid crystal molecule becomes single structure (texture).When liquid crystal layer applied electric field, the structure of liquid crystal molecule was out of shape continuously, was accompanied by the distortion of structure, and light characteristic changes.If there is not electric field in the liquid crystal layer, just return and stabilize to single structure again.These liquid crystal indicators do not have storage effect.Therefore, need to use static drive, multipath transmission driving or driven with active matrix, drive continuously.On the other hand, bistable or multistable style keeping liquid crystal device have storage effect.Even these liquid crystal indicators are not applying under the state of electric field to liquid crystal layer, also can in box (cell), form different structures.And, by apply specific electric field to liquid crystal layer, can change structure.This display device in case after the decision structure, even lose electric field, also can utilize its bistability, is kept the state of its structure.Therefore, image refreshing speed descends significantly, and power consumption reduces.
In recent years, advocated the bistable liquid crystal indicator (for example with reference to patent documentation 1) that uses hand to levy nematic crystal.Fig. 5 is a dynamic synoptic diagram of telling about the liquid crystal molecule of bistable liquid crystal panel.As shown in the figure, on first substrate 31 and second substrate 32, form electrode 33 respectively, and then first alignment films 34 and second alignment films 35 are set thereon.In the gap of first substrate 31 and second substrate 32, liquid crystal layer 6 is set.In this bistable liquid crystal panel, under the effect of alignment films liquid crystal molecule towards required towards.Here, the anchor ring power of first alignment films 34 is greater than second alignment films 35.Therefore, on the interface of first alignment films 34, because the anchor ring power of the liquid crystal molecule of liquid crystal layer 6 is bigger, so liquid crystal molecule has angle a little, and on the interface of second alignment films 35, because anchor ring power is less, so liquid crystal molecule roughly becomes level.When applying electric field for liquid crystal layer 6, on the interface of alignment films,, but can become U structure and these two steady state (SS)s of T structure as liquid crystal layer 6 though that the anchor ring of liquid crystal molecule shows is monostable qualitative.U structure (uniform-texture) the 7th, the state of liquid crystal molecule arrangement the same or that twisted a little, T structure (twisted-texture) the 8th, the state that arrange liquid crystal molecule distortion back.180 ° of the about mutual deviations of the distortion of these two structures can not coexist at identical position.The idiopathic spacing p0 of the liquid crystal molecule of nematic, just as the U structure and the energy of the T structure of having twisted identical in essence like that, maximum can make about 4 times of ground of its thickness d that becomes box select.Like this, when not applying electric field, do not exist other state ground with certain in stable condition (bistability) in U structure 7 and the T structure 8 with lower energy level.
The whichever structure, behind the destruction anchor ring, all will be from a structure to another structural change.Apply stronger electric field from the outside, destroy the anchor ring power of alignment layer surface, thereby cause from of the conversion of U structure to T structure (perhaps from the T structure to the U structure).No matter be which state in U structure and the T structure, apply specific electric field after, liquid crystal layer 6 just all becomes homeotropic texture (Homeotropic-texture is hereinafter to be referred as " H structure ").With making liquid crystal layer become the electric field threshold value of H structure 9, be defined as Vc (anchor ring damage threshold).Anchor ring damage threshold Vc depends on that the intrinsic polar angle anchor ring of the material of alignment films can (zenithal-anchoring-energy) Az and liquid crystal material.If apply the above electric field of anchor ring damage threshold, then anchor ring is just destroyed.In addition, this electric field also impels the liquid crystal molecule in the near surface of alignment films to rearrange.Till final formation H structure 9, need this electric field is applied time enough.The minimum time is relevant with the physical characteristics of the size that applies electric field (amplitude), liquid crystal and alignment films.Electric field is applied in 1～3 millisecond or when above, can be with following formula 1 definition anchor ring damage threshold Vc.
(formula 1) Vc=d * Az/ (k33 * ε 0 * Δ ε)
1/2In the formula, d represents the thickness of liquid crystal cells; Az represents polar angle anchor ring energy; K33 represents the elastic torsion coefficient of liquid crystal; Δ ε represents the dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal; Dielectric constant in the vacuum of ε 0 expression liquid crystal.
If apply this anchor ring damage threshold Vc, then the liquid crystal molecule at alignment films interface towards and vertical between angle just very little (for example below 0.5 °), the stress that alignment films influences liquid crystal molecule is very low.After this state incision outage, near the liquid crystal molecule the alignment films just becomes unsettled equilibrium state, be recover original towards or become some in the new structure of Rotate 180 ° distortion in the opposite direction.Finally become which structure, with the shape of the electric signal that applies, specifically to return zero method closely bound up with this electric field (voltage).
When electric field is descended interimly, mobile (power on the fluid mechanics of liquid crystal molecule) becomes minimum, near the liquid crystal molecule alignment films of the stronger anchor ring state that tends to balance is lentamente carrying out after elasticity combine with the liquid crystal molecule of central authorities, and liquid crystal molecule rotates towards identical direction.This motion promptly one by one towards identical direction rotation, forms the same state (U structure 7) to more weak anchor ring side group plate diffusion in box.
On the other hand, when electric field is descended sharp, for example carry out switch motion at short notice after, just induction is stronger near the alignment films of stronger anchor ring flows.Should flow, arrive the surface of the alignment films of more weak anchor ring to the liquid crystal layer transmission.On the surface of the alignment films of more weak anchor ring, the power on the fluid mechanics is greater than anchor ring power, becomes the T structure 8 of having twisted.Like this, if the electric field that control applies to each pixel, just can make its from a structure to another structural change.
Use Fig. 6 now, tell about the electric field that makes structural change.Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram that expression is applied to the voltage waveform of liquid crystal layer.Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are to make it from the waveform of U structure to the T structural change.In Fig. 6 (a), during τ 1, apply potential pulse P1 greater than the anchor ring damage threshold.During the pulsewidth of waveform is τ 1, it is 2～3 milliseconds.During this τ 1, become the H structure from the U structure.Then, during τ 2, apply potential pulse P2 than the low Δ V of potential pulse P1.Promptly reduce this voltage difference delta V, thereby, become the T structure in very strong the flowing of liquid crystal layer internal induction.Generating during the required τ 2 of T structure, is about 1/10 during the τ 1, and maximum also only needs 500 microseconds.Potential difference (PD) Δ V depends on that the potential pulse P1 that applies and P2's is poor during τ 1 and τ 2.In experiment, when potential pulse P1 was 24V, potential pulse P2 was below the 8V.Follow again, during τ 3, apply 0V.If carry out the continuous action of this τ 1～τ 2～τ 3, then from the U structure via the H structure to the T structural change.In Fig. 6 (b), illustrate make during the τ 2 and τ 3 during potential difference (PD) greater than τ 1 during and the situation the during potential difference (PD) during the τ 2.During τ 1, become the H structure, during τ 2, become the T structure from the H structure from the U structure.At this moment, making potential pulse P2 is more than the anchor ring damage threshold.Specifically, make P2 just can obtain identical effect after the above degree of 10V.
Fig. 6 (c), (d) make it from the waveform of T structure when the U structural change.With above-mentioned same, during τ 1, apply potential pulse P1 greater than the anchor ring damage threshold.During this τ 1, become the H structure from the U structure.Then, during τ 2, it is reduced lentamente.Fig. 6 (c) reduces voltage condition during being illustrated in τ 2 skewedly, and Fig. 6 (d) illustrates and reduces voltage condition steppedly.It is desirable reducing voltage condition skewedly, but it is reduced steppedly.Specifically, when potential pulse P1 was 16V, potential pulse P2 was below the above 12V of 8V.Follow again, during τ 3, apply 0V.If carry out the continuous action of this τ 1～τ 2～τ 3, then from the T structure via the H structure to the U structural change.Like this, become which structure, depend on during τ 2, to apply which type of voltage.
Then, tell about the driving method of the bistable liquid crystal panel of dot matrix type.Fig. 7 illustrates the signal waveform that is applied to the bistable liquid crystal panel.Fig. 7 (a) illustrates the common signal (COM) that is applied to public electrode, Fig. 7 (b) illustrates the block signal (SEG) that is applied to segmented electrode, and Fig. 7 (c) illustrates voltage between public-segmentation, promptly is applied to the waveform (COM-SEG) of the liquid crystal layer of clamping with public electrode and segmented electrode.Among the figure, the waveform in left side is to make pixel that public electrode and segmented electrode intersect become the situation of U structure, and the waveform on right side is to make this pixel become the situation of T structure.The schematically illustrated relation that applies the state of waveform and liquid crystal molecule of Fig. 7 (d).
At first, tell about the waveform in left side.If apply the block signal shown in the common signal shown in Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b), then be applied in the voltage waveform shown in Fig. 7 (c) on the pixel (liquid crystal layer).Because be applied to liquid crystal layer+V ,-V becomes more than the anchor ring damage threshold Vc, so no matter which kind of structure the liquid crystal layer that applies before the signal is, applying to liquid crystal layer-V during also all be the H structure.Become at the next one under the effect of waveform of 0V steppedly, cause that more weak liquid crystal flows, the stage till arriving the 0V current potential becomes the U structure.On the other hand, tell about the waveform on right side.No matter which kind of structure the liquid crystal layer that applies before the signal is, applying to liquid crystal layer-V during also all be the H structure, the waveform in this and left side is same.During the next one, keep potential difference (PD) to a certain degree, arrive 0V rapidly.At this moment, be accompanied by bigger liquid crystal and flow, from the H structure to the TH structural change.As known in the figure: no matter the situation that becomes the U structure about being becomes the T structure situation, though common signal is identical, but the block signal difference.The demonstration of liquid crystal panel according to the signal condition that is supplied to concentric line selecting signal and all segmentation, determines the black and white (state of structure) of a line, scans all concentric lines successively, thus the demonstration (black and white) of decision whole image.In the moment of scanning, only a concentric line in whole image is supplied with and is selected signal.Supply with the voltage waveform of non-select signal to remaining most concentric line.At this moment the waveform that is applied to liquid crystal layer is not the waveform that causes that anchor ring destroys, so keep by the structure of selecting signal deciding.This a series of actions is undertaken by control circuit (MPU) control COM driver, SEG driver.Like this, after all concentric lines, the decision of scanning bistable LCDs shows,, also keep display image even do not apply under the state of public and segmentation.In other words, write image after, even cut off the electricity supply, the image of bistable LCDs is also kept demonstration.Therefore, though the electric power when need rewriting also can show (for example with reference to patent documentation 2) even without electric power later on.
Patent documentation 1: No. 3293138 communique of Jap.P.
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2004-4552 communique
Summary of the invention
As mentioned above, behind the potential pulse that applies during the τ 1 greater than anchor ring damage threshold Vc, during τ 2, give the current potential that segmented electrode is used to become required structure in the past, then during τ 3, applied the voltage of 0V.Like this, liquid crystal dynamically just under the effect of the current potential more than the anchor ring damage threshold Vc, at first become the H structure, from this H structure according to the displaying contents of image to T structure or U structural change.As mentioned above, when becoming the T structure, produce to flow from the H structural change, so and the U structure of T structure adjacency by flow interfering.Like this, mixed the state of T structure in the pixel with regard to Cheng Zaiwei U structure, made the arrangement disorder of liquid crystal molecule.Particularly the pixel on the border of the edge of pixel or display frame is very eye-catching.Like this, it is irregular just to produce the light or dense demonstration of show state in picture.Particularly the tartan with 1 unit counter-rotating shows (grid pattern) or black the demonstration more for a long time, shows irregular very eye-catching.Therefore, the objective of the invention is to not produce in the realization face the irregular bistable liquid crystal indicator of demonstration.
Therefore, in the driving method of bistable liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, possess successively: during the initialization,, and apply reset pulse with the above voltage of anchor ring destruction value for the liquid crystal layer that makes all pixels becomes the T structure; First select during, the liquid crystal layer that becomes the pixel of U structure to variation applies the voltage more than the anchor ring destruction value or applies voltage below the anchor ring destruction value to the liquid crystal layer of the pixel of keeping the T structure; Second select during, apply voltage below the anchor ring destruction value to liquid crystal layer, in order to avoid in the liquid crystal molecule of liquid crystal layer, cause mobile; And the 3rd select during, apply 0V to the liquid crystal layer of all pixels.By this driving method, during initialization, the liquid crystal layer of all pixels all is rewritten into the T structure; During first selection and during second selection, decision is to change to become the U structure or keep the T structure.And then, during the 3rd selection, apply 0V voltage, thereby keep U structure or T structure.Like this, when obtaining the T structure, during the selection till from first to the 3rd, because do not apply the above voltage of anchor ring destruction value, so can not cause flow of liquid crystal.
And then, be longer than during making the 3rd to select first select during and second select during sum.In addition, also during the initialization and first select during between, be provided with the liquid crystal layer of giving all pixels apply 0V during.
And then, in order to be applied to the waveform interchangeization of liquid crystal layer, during carrying out first selection repeatedly and after during second selection, move on to during the 3rd selection.In addition, during second selects in, can apply the waveform that current potential changes steppedly.
And then, according to temperature information from temperature sensor, the magnitude of voltage that decision applies during first selects or apply during, second magnitude of voltage that applies during selecting or apply during, the 3rd select during at least one.
(invention effect)
According to driving method of the present invention,, can not produce liquid crystal yet and flow, so the limit end of the limit end of display pixel or display frame can not mix the demonstration of T structure and U structure even when making pixel be the T structure.Therefore, can there be irregular uniform demonstration.In addition, in matrix driving, also can between pixel, rewrite demonstration intrusively.And then, in icon (icon), symbol demonstration or segmentation show, also can till the edge of display pixel, show brightly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a synoptic diagram of telling about the drive waveforms of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a synoptic diagram of telling about the drive waveforms of embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is a synoptic diagram of telling about the drive waveforms of embodiment 3.
Fig. 4 is the circuit block diagram of bistable liquid crystal indicator.
Fig. 5 is a synoptic diagram of telling about the configuration state of liquid crystal layer.
Fig. 6 tells about the existing synoptic diagram that applies voltage.
Fig. 7 is a synoptic diagram of telling about existing drive waveforms.
Embodiment
In the driving method of bistable liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, at first apply reset pulse to all display pixels, make liquid crystal layer become the T structure.Then, change the pixel become the U structure to hope and apply higher voltage pulse more than the anchor ring damage threshold (be decided to be during this voltage applied first select during).Then, be reduced to before the 0V, applying the voltage that is lower than anchor ring damage threshold Vc (be decided to be during this voltage applied second select during).When liquid crystal layer applies this waveform, during first selection, become the H structure from the T structural change, the phase change during second selection that is through with becomes the U structure.Voltage with 0V after during second selection that just is through with applies predetermined time period, keeps the U structure.With apply this 0V voltage during be called the line signal between stand-down or the 3rd select during.Like this, can the configuration state of liquid crystal be changed.On the other hand, apply the voltage that is lower than anchor ring damage threshold Vc first during selecting to pixel that the T structure is kept in hope.And then, during second selection, also apply the voltage that is lower than anchor ring damage threshold Vc.When liquid crystal layer applies this waveform, do not keep the T structure still during second selection, not changing the structure that becomes other during first selection by the T structure that reset pulse forms.And then, after just having finished during second selection, the line signal being set between stand-down (during the 3rd selection), online signal applies the voltage of 0V between stand-down.Keep the T structure thus.
By this driving method, the pixel of U structure and the pixel of T structure are mingled in the display frame.At this moment T configuration state can not become the T structure after the H structural change.Therefore, liquid crystal molecule does not cause mobile and can obtain the T structure.Like this, the influence of U structure with regard to not flowed.
In addition, concentric line is selected successively and is driven.Needs apply the voltage that is lower than anchor ring damage threshold Vc to the concentric line of nonselection mode all the time.
In addition, can be longer than first select during and second select during sum ground set the line signal between stand-down.
[embodiment 1]
Then, tell about the driving method of the bistable liquid crystal panel of present embodiment.Fig. 1 illustrates and is applied to the drive waveforms of using the bistable hand to levy the lattice lcd panel of nematic liquid crystal.Fig. 1 (a) illustrates the signal that is applied to segmented line (SEG1), Fig. 1 (b) illustrates the signal that is applied to concentric line (COM1), Fig. 1 (c) illustrates the waveform of the intersection point that is applied to COM1 and SEG1, Fig. 1 (d) illustrates the signal that is applied to COM2, and Fig. 1 (e) illustrates the waveform of the intersection point that is applied to COM2 and SEG1.
The pixel that has been applied in the waveform shown in Fig. 1 (c) becomes the T structure, and the pixel that has been applied in the waveform shown in Fig. 1 (e) becomes the U structure.No matter which kind of situation all is at first to apply reset pulse 1, makes whole liquid crystal panel to the T structural change.In fact, the divided reset signal S1 shown in Fig. 1 (a) is supplied with segmented line, the common reset signal C1 shown in Fig. 1 (b) is supplied with concentric line.For example make V0=30, V5=GND (0V).It is the center that the waveform of synthetic these signals becomes with 0V, have the reset pulse 1 of 2 times the amplitude of V0.Under the effect of reset pulse 1, after the square wave of positive level+4, apply the square wave of negative level-4.Like this, do not apply direct current to liquid crystal layer, charge component can not be detained in liquid crystal layer.Here, anchor ring destruction value+Vc is between potential level+4 and potential level+3.
Then, among the time interval D after just having applied reset pulse 1, making common signal and block signal all is V5.Like this, also shown in Fig. 1 (c), apply 0V to pixel like that.It is online signal waveform 3 between stand-down of applying between stand-down.Waveform 3 is whole after the T structural change between this stand-down, and is in stable condition necessary in order to make this.
Below, according to Fig. 1 (a)～(c), tell about the waveform that applies to the pixel of keeping the T structure.Earlier tell about concrete example to the SEG1 signal supplied according to Fig. 1 (a).After divided reset signal S1, alternative supply S2 signal and S4 signal.The S2 signal is kept the T structure with the common signal of selection mode, and the S4 signal makes the U structural change with the common signal of selection mode.The S2 signal is corresponding with time interval E and F, and magnitude of voltage is V34; The S4 signal is corresponding with time interval H and I, and magnitude of voltage is V0.Time interval G after S2 signal and S4 signal, the magnitude of voltage of J become V5.Tell about concrete example according to Fig. 1 (b) again to the COM1 signal supplied.After common reset signal C1, supply with the C2 signal, supply with the C4 signal then.Between each signal, get magnitude of voltage V5, corresponding with waveform between stand-down.Because drive concentric line, so during the selection of concentric line, supply with the C2 signal according to the line order.In other words, time interval E, the F of COM1 be select during, supply with the C4 signal after this time, up to finishing till all concentric lines write image.Like this, the liquid crystal layer of the pixel that intersects to COM1 and SEG1 applies the waveform shown in Fig. 1 (c).In order to keep the T structure, the waveform shown in Fig. 1 (c) is after reset pulse 1, and the current potential following with anchor ring disintegration voltage Vc constitutes.In time interval E, F, apply first shown in Fig. 1 (c) to the liquid crystal layer of this pixel and select waveform 2.Here, the voltage level of 2a was " 2 " during first of the first selection waveform 2 was selected, and the voltage level of 2b is "+1 " during second selection.First selects waveform 2 to constitute with the voltage level that becomes below the anchor ring damage threshold Vc.Specifically, first select during 2a, be decided to be approximately-voltage about 4V and about 1 millisecond waveform width; Second select during 2b, be decided to be approximately+2～+ voltage about 4V and the waveform width about 50～500 microseconds.Because best apply voltage and the time becomes along with environment temperature, set so consider its back.Then, and then second select during after the 2b, become the line signal between stand-down, in this time interval G, the voltage that becomes level 0V promptly becomes waveform 3 between stand-down.Applying this first to liquid crystal layer selects waveform 2 and between stand-down during waveform 3, because keep the T structure, flows so do not produce liquid crystal.At this moment, apply the time of waveform 3 between stand-down at last, be longer than first select during 2a and second select during time of 2b sum.Specifically, be set at more than 2 milliseconds.
Line signal shown in the time interval G in Fig. 1 between stand-down after, alternately apply the S4 signal shown in the C4 signal shown in Fig. 1 (b) (non-selection common waveform) and Fig. 1 (b) or the synthetic waveform of S2 signal to the liquid crystal layer of this pixel.In other words, continue to apply waveform 4 during the non-selection shown in Fig. 1 (c), till writing view data to all concentric lines.Here, during the non-selection waveform 4 be voltage level-2 or+2 square wave.During the non-selection of different voltage levels between the waveform 4, the voltage that applies 0V promptly applies waveform 3 between stand-down.Like this, after making whole face become the T structure with initial reset pulse 1, make waveform between stand-down 3, first select waveform 2, between stand-down waveform 3 so that during non-selection thereafter the waveform 4 and the number of times of the remaining repeatedly line number of waveform 3 between stand-down, thereby keep the T structure.
Below, tell about and be applied to the waveform that is for conversion into the pixel of U structure from the T structure.Here the liquid crystal layer of the pixel that intersects of COM2 and SEG1 is for conversion into the U structure.Fig. 1 (d) is a signal of supplying with COM2, and Fig. 1 (e) is the waveform that the liquid crystal layer of the pixel that intersects to COM2 and SEG1 applies.Shown in Fig. 1 (d), after common reset signal C1, supply with the C4 signal to COM2, supply with the C2 signal then.Because drive concentric line according to the line order, so staggered during the selection of COM1 and COM2.In other words, time interval H, the I of COM2 be select during, supply with the C4 signal after this time, up to finishing till all concentric lines write image.
Tell about the state of the liquid crystal layer of the pixel that COM2 and SEG1 intersect with reference to Fig. 1 (e).At first, at time interval B, when C applies reset pulse 1, liquid crystal layer becomes the T structure.Then, time interval H, the I during the selection of COM2 applies second and selects waveform 5.Second selects waveform 5 to comprise becomes the above voltage level of anchor ring damage threshold Vc.The second selection waveform 5 is the synthetic waveforms of the public selection signal C2 shown in the block signal S4 shown in Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (d).The voltage level of 5a was " 4 " during first of the second selection waveform 5 was selected, and was the above voltage level of anchor ring damage threshold Vc.The voltage level of 5b is " 3 " during second selection, is the following voltage level of anchor ring damage threshold Vc.Follow closely second select during after the 5b, become the line signal between stand-down, in this time interval J, apply the voltage (being waveform 3 between stand-down) of level 0V.Apply this second when selecting waveform 5 to the liquid crystal layer of T structure, anchor ring is destroyed among the 5a during first selects, and becomes the H structure.Then, the stage of 5b becomes the U structure during finishing second selection.This be because first select during 5a and second select during the difference and second of the voltage that applies of 5b select during the difference of the voltage that applies between stand-down of 5b and line signal all less than the cause of anchor ring damage threshold Vc.Like this, the liquid crystal layer of T structure is selected to become the U structure through the H structure under the effect of waveform 5 second.Then, under the effect of waveform between stand-down 3, keep the U structure.And then, though with waveform 4 during the after-applied non-selection and waveform 3 between stand-down, because be configured to be the voltage below the anchor ring damage threshold Vc, so just keep the U structure.
Specifically, will first select during the voltage that applies of 5a set become-13V～-20V about, application time set to be become about 1 millisecond.In addition, during second selects among the 5b, setting becomes-8V～-voltage about 13V and the time about 50～500 microseconds.The line signal between stand-down G be longer than first select during 5a and second select during the time sum of 5b.Specifically, setting becomes more than 2 milliseconds.In addition, time interval E is identical time width with H, F and I, G and J.After the time interval J, make during the non-selection waveform 4 and waveform 3 number of times of remaining line number repeatedly between stand-down.In addition, shown in Fig. 1 (c), (e) because waveform 4 alternately appears at during the non-selection+side and-side, so liquid crystal layer can not be subjected to the influence of flip-flop.
Tell about the structure of bistable liquid crystal panel here.Have and the orientation angles of bistable liquid crystal panel constitutes the polarization plate of the absorption axes of about 45 angles of spending, parallel (Nicol) configuration in the both sides of liquid crystal layer.When liquid crystal layer was the T structure, transmissivity uprised, if observe with reflective-mode, just became white demonstration.This is because in the T structure, and rectilinearly polarized light phase differential less takes place and the cause by polarization plate intactly.On the other hand, when liquid crystal layer was the U structure, liquid crystal molecule was shown 0 degree greatly and is arranged the phase differential of generation Δ nd.For example the refractive index n of liquid crystal and thickness of liquid crystal layer d long-pending being set becomes wavelength X/2 o'clock, and rectilinearly polarized light just produces the phase differential of 180 degree, and the orientation is revolved and turn 90 degrees.Like this, when parallel Nicol disposes, because the transmissivity step-down, so just become black the demonstration with the reflective-mode observation.In other words, utilization is in vain in the T structure, shows for black pattern in the U structure.In addition, carry out polarization plate when configuration of cross Nicols, just become in the T structure and show, in the U structure, show, compare the demonstration that to reverse with parallel Nicol for white for black.Tell about the situation of the formation of parallel Nicol configuration polarization plate below.
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure that schematically shows the bistable liquid crystal indicator.The control circuit (MPU) 44 that bistable liquid crystal panel 30 usefulness drive the common driver 41 of the concentric line of horizontal direction, the segment drivers 42 that drives the segmented line of vertical direction, the power circuit 43 that produces driving current potential (V0, V12, V34, V5, VCX), control common driver 41 and segment drivers 42 and power circuit 43 drives.The control signal of control circuit 44 supply common drivers 41 and segment drivers 42 and common STN driving circuit are same.In other words, to regularly signal (C-data) of common driver 41 input initialization signals (RESETX), decision scanning, write with clock (CL), interchangeizations signal (FRCOM) and show erase signal (DispOffx), to segment drivers 42 input initialization signals (RESETX), display image data signal (S-data), write and use clock (XCK), interchangeization signal (FRSEG) and demonstration erase signal (DispOffx).In addition, temperature sensor 45 is connected with control circuit (MPU) 44.Power circuit 43 is packed among the common driver 41, and then the segment drivers 42 of also packing into, thereby can make an IC.At first, MPU44 carries out following program (sequence): read ambient temperature value from temperature sensor 45, obtain each information of voltage the thermometer in being stored in MPU, the value that setting will meet table offers power supply 43 back output each current potential (V0, V12, Vcx, V34, V5).Simultaneously, also from thermometer, obtain the width information in each time interval, decision pulsewidth when at every turn exporting one by one.Then, according to these information, drive liquid crystal panel with the pulsewidth that conforms to temperature.
As mentioned above, wish to become the U structure when (the black demonstration), apply in during first selects more than the anchor ring damage threshold Vc ± 4 level; Wish to keep the T structure when (the white demonstration), apply in during first selects below the anchor ring damage threshold Vc ± 2 level.In addition, no matter when all at second voltage level that applies during selecting below the anchor ring damage threshold Vc.During after during following second selection closely the 3rd selected, apply the voltage level (being waveform 3 between stand-down) of 0V.And then, even in during non-selection, also clip the line signal between stand-down and apply voltage level (± 2 level) below the anchor ring damage threshold Vc.Like this, in first pixel that has been applied in the voltage level more than the anchor ring damage threshold Vc during selecting, just from T structure (the white demonstration) to U structure (the black demonstration) variation; The pixel that has been applied in the voltage level below the anchor ring damage threshold Vc during first selection then continues to keep T structure (the white demonstration).In addition, these shape informations and reset pulse are same, utilize temperature sensor to read ambient temperature data, obtain the voltage and the width information of the waveform that conforms to this temperature from predefined thermometer, make the waveform reflection.This driving is not owing to obtaining the T structure, so do not produce flow of liquid crystal after the H structural change.Therefore, can between pixel, not produce interference yet.Like this, just can successfully rewrite, between pixel, not cause to show interference.Because the waveform that applies during the non-selection does not reach the anchor ring damage threshold, so structure is constant.Bistable liquid crystal panel 30 scans concentric line successively according to the amount of a picture, thus the demonstration of decision whole image.After as described above image being write bistable liquid crystal panel 30, be GND, make bistable liquid crystal panel 30 become nothing and apply state, also can keep the display image that writes even make common electric voltage and segmentation voltage.In other words, write image after, also can keep the display image of bistable liquid crystal panel 30 even cut off the electricity supply.Like this, though write the fashionable electric power that needs, can under the state of unregulated power, show later on.
[embodiment 2]
Then, use Fig. 2 to tell about the driving method of present embodiment.Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that expression is applied to the drive waveforms of the lattice lcd panel that uses the bistable hand to levy nematic liquid crystal.Constitute first select waveform and second to select first of waveform to select during and second the detailed content during selecting, different with embodiment 1.In other words, in the present embodiment, 12b selected respectively to occur twice in the waveform at one during 12a and second selected during first selection.Other is identical with embodiment 1, so suitably omit telling about of repeating.
Fig. 2 (a) illustrates the signal that is applied to segmented line (SEG1), Fig. 2 (b) illustrates the signal that is applied to concentric line (COM1), Fig. 2 (c) illustrates the waveform of the intersection point that is applied to COM1 and SEG1, Fig. 2 (d) illustrates the signal that is applied to COM2, and Fig. 2 (e) illustrates the waveform of the intersection point that is applied to COM2 and SEG1.In the present embodiment, the pixel that is applied in the waveform shown in Fig. 2 (c) becomes the T structure, and the pixel that is applied in the waveform shown in Fig. 2 (e) becomes the U structure.
Earlier tell about the waveform that applies to the pixel of keeping the T structure (intersection point of COM1 and SEG1) according to Fig. 2 (c).At first, apply the reset pulse 1 of the composite wave of divided reset signal S1 and common reset signal C1 to pixel.Because reset pulse 1 has the above voltage of anchor ring destruction value Vc, so liquid crystal layer becomes the T structure.After during following the initialization that applies reset pulse 1 closely, the line signal is set between stand-down.Online signal applies waveform 3 between stand-down (current potential of 0V) between stand-down.Between this stand-down waveform 3 be for make whole stablize after the T structural change necessary.
Then, apply the first selection waveform 12 of the composite wave of S12 signal and C12 signal to pixel.The C12 signal is the signal that applies during the selection of concentric line.In order to keep the T structure, constitute first with the following current potential of anchor ring disintegration voltage Vc and select waveform 12.In the present embodiment, be level+2 in time interval E, in time interval F for level-1, in time interval G for level-2, in time interval H, be the waveform of level+1.And, after first selects waveform 12, set the line signal between stand-down, at the voltage (waveform 3 between stand-down) that applies during this period 0V.Like this, during time interval E～H in, must set the following potential level of anchor ring damage threshold Vc.Utilize this waveform, keep the T structure.Therefore, liquid crystal layer does not produce mobile.Specifically, during first selects, among the 12a, set approximately ± voltage about 4V and about 1 millisecond time, second select during potential level ± 1 of 12b set ± 2～± voltage about 4V and the waveform width about 50～500 microseconds.Here, 12a is time interval E and G during first selection, and 12b is time interval F and H during second selection.So, can think first select waveform 12 be select first during 12a and second select during a group of 12b carried out twice repeatedly.Here, the time of line signal between stand-down than till time interval E～H is long, specifically is preferably more than 2 milliseconds.
Below tell about in order to obtain this first selection waveform 12 to SEGI and COM1 signal supplied.Shown in Fig. 2 (a), the segmentation voltage waveform of S12 signal be in initial time interval E and F for V12, in time interval G and H, become the waveform of V34.Then, among the time interval I after following the S12 signal closely, apply V5.Time interval E, F and time interval G, H are reversed with the FRSEG signal.In addition, shown in Fig. 2 (b), the common electric voltage waveform of C12 signal be in initial time interval E for V0, in time interval F for Vcx, in time interval G for V5, in time interval H, become the waveform of Vcx.Then, among the time interval I after following the C12 signal closely, apply V5.Time interval E, F and time interval G, H are reversed with the FRCOM signal.Here, anchor ring destruction value Vc potential level ± 4 and ± 3 between, between V12 and the V34.In addition, for example make V0=30V, V5=GND (0V).
Follow again, tell about to being for conversion into the waveform that the pixel (intersection point of COM2 and SEG1) kept after the U structure applies according to Fig. 2 (e).The waveform here is the synthetic waveform of the COM2 signal of the SEG1 signal of Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (d).And Fig. 2 (c) is same, at first applies the reset pulse 1 of the composite wave of divided reset signal S1 and common reset signal C1 to pixel.Because reset pulse 1 has the above voltage of anchor ring destruction value Vc, so liquid crystal layer becomes the T structure.After just having applied reset pulse 1, apply waveform 3 between stand-down.Waveform 3 between the stand-down among this time interval D is necessary in order after the T structural change it to be stablized all pixels.In COM2, because the line signal (is equivalent to time interval D) between stand-down and is afterwards during the non-selection, so apply non-selection waveform 14.Non-selection waveform 14 must constitute with the following voltage of anchor ring damage threshold Vc.Then, apply the second selection waveform 15 of the composite wave of S14 signal and C12 signal to pixel.The C12 signal is the signal that applies during the selection of concentric line.Second selects waveform 15 also to select waveform 12 same with first, and one group of 15b had been carried out twice repeatedly during 15a and second selected during can thinking to select first.During first selects, among the 15a, apply the above voltage of anchor ring damage threshold Vc.Among the 15a, liquid crystal layer becomes the H structure from the T structure during this first selection.Then, among the 15b, apply after the following voltage of anchor ring damage threshold Vc during second selects, the voltage that applies 0V is waveform 3 between stand-down.Like this, liquid crystal layer becomes the U structure from the H structure, keeps the U structure.Through this driving, can not produce liquid crystal and fluidly obtain the U structure.
In the present embodiment, waveform 14 is potential level-2 in time interval E and F during the non-selection, is potential level+2 in time interval G and H.Specifically, setting ± 4V～± voltage about 8V.In addition, the second selection waveform 15 is potential level+4 in time interval J (15a during first selection), in time interval K (15b during second selection) is potential level+3, in later time interval L (15a during first selection) is potential level-4, is potential level-3 in time interval M (15b during second selection).Specifically, first select during potential level ± 4 of 15a be ± 13V～± 20V about, be set at about 1 millisecond; Second select during potential level ± 3 of 15b be ± 8V～± 13V about, be set at about 50～500 microseconds.First select during, second use the time data of from thermometer, obtaining during selecting.In addition, the line signal is longer than the time up to time interval E～H between stand-down.Specifically, preferably more than 2 milliseconds.In addition, during the non-selection and the width of line between stand-down following closely, with select during identical with following closely the width of line between stand-down.In addition, time interval E is identical time width with J, F and K, G and L, H and M, I and N each.
By above-mentioned waveform as can be known: when making the U structural change, during first selection, apply potential level ± 4 more than the anchor ring damage threshold Vc; When keeping the T structure, during first selection, apply potential level ± 2 below the anchor ring damage threshold Vc.In addition, no matter which kind of structure all applies potential level ± 2 below the anchor ring damage threshold Vc during second selection, the line signal thereafter applies waveform between stand-down between stand-down.Utilize this waveform, can not cause that liquid crystal fluidly exists T structure and U structure in picture.
In addition, 12b, 15b during 12a, 15a and second select during first selection make polarity on the contrary repeatedly.And then waveform 14 is also same with embodiment 1 during the non-selection ,+side and-top-cross is for occurring.Like this, since the waveform that is applied to liquid crystal layer by interchange, so liquid crystal layer is not subjected to the influence of flip-flop.
[embodiment 3]
Follow again, use Fig. 3 to tell about the driving method of present embodiment.Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that expression is applied to the drive waveforms of lattice lcd panel.On this point of sectionalization, different during selecting waveform and second to select second of waveform to select with embodiment 2 with first.Other is identical with embodiment 2 or 1, so suitably omit telling about of repeating.
Fig. 3 (a) illustrates the signal that is applied to segmented line (SEG1), Fig. 3 (b) illustrates the signal that is applied to concentric line (COM1), Fig. 3 (c) illustrates the waveform of the intersection point that is applied to COM1 and SEG1, Fig. 3 (d) illustrates the signal that is applied to COM2, and Fig. 3 (e) illustrates the waveform of the intersection point that is applied to COM2 and SEG1.In the present embodiment, the pixel that is applied in the waveform shown in Fig. 3 (c) also becomes the T structure, and the pixel that is applied in the waveform shown in Fig. 3 (e) becomes the U structure.No matter which kind of situation all is the reset pulse 1 that at first applies the composite wave of divided reset signal S1 and common reset signal C1 to pixel.Because reset pulse 1 has the above voltage of anchor ring destruction value Vc, so liquid crystal layer becomes the T structure.After during following the initialization that applies reset pulse 1 closely, the line signal is set between stand-down.Online signal applies waveform 3 between stand-down (current potential of 0V) between stand-down.The T Stability Analysis of Structures that waveform 3 has utilized reset pulse 1 to make to change between this stand-down.Then, COM1 becomes during the selection, and COM2 becomes during the non-selection.
During selecting, apply first shown in Fig. 3 (c) to COM1 and select waveform 22.The first selection waveform 22 is composite waves of S22 signal and C22 signal.The C22 signal is a signal supplied during the selection of concentric line.Select waveform 22 because constitute first, so keep the T structure with the following current potential of anchor ring disintegration voltage Vc.Same with embodiment 2, can think first select waveform 22 be select first during 22a and second select during a group of 22b carried out twice repeatedly.Though with a current potential (pulse) constitute first select during 22a, use 3 current potentials (during 3) to constitute 22b during second selection in the present embodiment.Fig. 3 illustrates concrete current potential.After first selects waveform 22,, apply waveform 24 during the non-selection through waveform 3 between stand-down.Because waveform 24 also constitutes with the following current potential of anchor ring disintegration voltage Vc during the non-selection, so continue to keep the T structure.
Shown in Fig. 3 (e), before the second selection waveform 25, waveform 24 during COM2 applies non-selection.Waveform 24 is composite waves of S22 signal and C24 signal during this non-selection.Because constitute waveform 24 during the non-selection with the following current potential of anchor ring disintegration voltage Vc, so keep the T structure.The second selection waveform 25 is composite waves of S24 signal and C22 signal.Same with embodiment 2, can think second select waveform 25 be select first during 25a and second select during a group of 25b carried out twice repeatedly.Though with a current potential (pulse) constitute first select during 25a, use 3 current potentials (during 3) to constitute 25b during second selection in the present embodiment.The second selection waveform 25 25a during first selection applies the voltage more than the anchor ring disintegration voltage Vc.Therefore, become the H structure from the T structural change.Then, behind 25b during second selection that applies the current potential that reduces, become the line signal between stand-down steppedly.In other words, reduce by first gradually and become the driving of 0V ground behind the current potential of 25a during selecting.Like this, liquid crystal layer becomes the U structure from the H structural change.Fig. 3 illustrates concrete current potential.
As shown in Figure 3, when making the U structural change, during first selects, apply voltage level ± 5 more than the anchor ring damage threshold among the 25a.When keeping the T structure, during first selects, apply voltage level ± 2 level below the anchor ring damage threshold among the 25a.No matter which kind of situation all applies the voltage level below the anchor ring damage threshold, in order to avoid structural change among the 25b during second selection after 25a during first selects.And, during second selects, after the 25b, set the line signal between stand-down.
As present embodiment, when voltage steps scalariform ground is reduced, become the U structure from the T structure easily.Can reduce voltage skewedly.
The present invention is not limited to the various embodiments described above, can carry out various changes and improvement in the scope that does not exceed main idea of the present invention.Even the waveform beyond shown in the embodiment also can obtain identical effect.For example by the control pulsewidth, even be not that the waveform that reduces voltage also can obtain identical effect steppedly.It and anchor ring disintegration voltage value and pulsewidth have confidential relation, particularly during low temperature, increase pulsewidth, can make voltage quite low.At this moment, do not use high withstand voltage driver can obtain same action effect yet.
Because if after carrying out the sort of driving of the various embodiments described above, do not cause flow of liquid crystal,, can improve the yield rate of LCD so become the U structure easily.In addition, in matrix driving, also can between pixel, not rewrite demonstration intrusively.And then, even icon, character demonstration or segmentation show that (Greek of 8 words of numeral or letter) also can show brightly till the edge of display pixel.
Description of reference numerals
1 reset pulse; 2,12,22 first select waveform; Waveform between 3 stand-downs; 4, waveform between 14,24 non-selecting periods; 5,15,25 second select waveform; 6 liquid crystal layers; The 7U structure; The 8T structure; The 9H structure; 30 bistable liquid crystal panels; 31 first substrates; 32 second substrates; 33 electrodes; The anchor ring alignment films of the last 34; 35 more weak anchor ring alignment films; 41 common drivers; 42 segment drivers; 43 power circuits; 44 control parts; 45 temperature sensors; Between 2a, 5a first selecting period; Between 2b, 5b second selecting period.
Claims (7)
1. the driving method of bistable typing liquid crystal indicator is characterized in that possessing successively:
During the initialization,, and apply reset pulse with the above voltage of anchor ring destruction value for the liquid crystal layer that makes all pixels becomes the T structure;
First select during, the liquid crystal layer that becomes the pixel of U structure to variation applies the voltage more than the anchor ring destruction value or applies voltage below the anchor ring destruction value to the liquid crystal layer of the pixel of keeping the T structure;
Second select during, apply voltage below the described anchor ring destruction value to described liquid crystal layer, in order to avoid in the liquid crystal molecule of described liquid crystal layer, cause mobile; And
The 3rd select during, apply 0V to the liquid crystal layer of described all pixel.
2. the driving method of bistable as claimed in claim 1 typing liquid crystal indicator is characterized in that: during the described initialization and described first select during between, be provided with the liquid crystal layer of giving described all pixel apply 0V during.
3. the driving method of bistable typing liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in order to be applied to the waveform interchangeization of described liquid crystal layer, during carrying out described first selection repeatedly and after during described second selection, move on to during the 3rd selection.
4. the driving method of bistable typing liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: in during described second selects, apply the waveform that current potential changes steppedly.
5. as the driving method of each described bistable typing liquid crystal indicator in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: be longer than during first selection during making the described the 3rd to select and sum during second selection.
6. the driving method of bistable as claimed in claim 2 typing liquid crystal indicator is characterized in that: according to temperature information, decision described first select during described second magnitude of voltage that applies during selecting or apply during.
7. the driving method of bistable typing liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: according to described temperature information, determine during described the 3rd selection.
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| JP2011045586A JP5701104B2 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2011-03-02 | Driving method of bistable liquid crystal display device |
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| CN103913912A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and display control method thereof |
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