CN102207437B - Device for testing elastic coating and test method thereof - Google Patents
Device for testing elastic coating and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102207437B CN102207437B CN 201110052116 CN201110052116A CN102207437B CN 102207437 B CN102207437 B CN 102207437B CN 201110052116 CN201110052116 CN 201110052116 CN 201110052116 A CN201110052116 A CN 201110052116A CN 102207437 B CN102207437 B CN 102207437B
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for testing an elastic coating, which comprises the following steps of: preparing a coating film of the elastic coating; determining the theoretical elastic life of the coating film by means of cyclic tensile test; subjecting the coating film to artificial aging to obtain the artificially aged coating film; and determining the actual elastic life of the artificially aged coating film by means of cyclic tensile test so as to obtain the elastic properties of the elastic coating. The invention further provides a corresponding device. The method and the device provided by the invention can rapidly and effectually determine the elastic effect and life of the elastic coating after practical application.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a coating material measuring apparatus and method, and more particularly, to an elastic coating material measuring apparatus and method, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for measuring elastic elongation, tensile strength and elastic life of an anti-cracking elastic coating material.
Background
At present, various anti-cracking elastic decorative materials are increasingly used in the market, especially the development of elastic coatings is faster and faster, and the continuous release of a large number of middle-high-end products and functional products leads the functions of the coating products to become more and more abundant. The relevant standards for elastomeric coatings are also becoming more and more sophisticated. However, the elasticity of the elastic coating and the ability of covering cracks are not well corresponded by a detection method, and the existing relevant detection standards cannot truly and effectively reflect the elasticity effect and the service life of an elastic product after actual coating.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a device and related method and standard for effectively simulating the expansion and contraction and frequency (times) of cracks in a cracked base layer, testing the elastic elongation capability, tensile strength and elastic life, and quickly and effectively judging the elastic effect and life of an elastic coating after actual coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a method or standard for effectively simulating the expansion and frequency (times) of a crack of a cracked base layer, testing the elastic extension capacity, tensile strength and elastic life, and quickly and effectively judging the elastic effect and the life of an elastic coating after actual coating.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a device for effectively simulating the expansion and contraction and frequency (times) of cracks on a cracked base layer, testing the elastic elongation ability, tensile strength and elastic life, and rapidly and effectively determining the elastic effect and life of an elastic coating after actual coating.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for testing an elastomeric coating, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a coating film of the elastic coating;
determining the theoretical elastic life of the coating film through a tensile cycle test;
carrying out artificial aging treatment on the coating film to obtain an artificially aged coating film;
and measuring the actual elastic life of the coating after artificial aging through a tensile cycle test, thereby measuring the elastic property of the elastic coating.
In a preferred embodiment, the elastic elongation capability or tensile strength is measured in addition to the theoretical elastic life of the coating film by a tensile cycle test.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the dry film thickness of the coating film is 70 to 80 μm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the stretching distance is 0.1mm to 0.2mm in the stretching cycle test.
In one embodiment of the invention, the coating film is subjected to an artificial ageing treatment according to the method specified in GB/T1865.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the theoretical elastic life S is calculated according to the following formula:
S＝C/E
wherein;
s-theoretical elastic life (years);
c-cycle number when the elastic coating film is broken
E-empirical constant (times/year).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the actual elastic life S' is calculated according to the following formula:
S’＝C’/E；
wherein;
s' -elastic Life after Artificial aging (year)
C' -number of cycles for stretch-breaking of elastomeric coating after artificial ageing
E-empirical constant (times/year).
In one embodiment of the invention, the elastic properties are characterized by an elastic life cycle T, which is calculated as:
T＝S’/S×100％。
in a preferred embodiment, a higher value of T indicates a better actual elastic life of the sample.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a device for testing an elastomeric coating, the device comprising:
a coating preparation instrument for preparing a test sample plate of the elastic coating;
an artificial aging instrument; and
and an elasticity tester for measuring the theoretical elastic life and the actual elastic life of the coating film through a tensile cycle test.
In one embodiment of the invention, the artificial aging instrument is an artificial weathering instrument in accordance with the specification of GB/T1865.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the elasticity tester includes:
the fixing device is used for fixing the test sample plate;
a stretching panel for stretching the test sample plate;
a control panel; the control panel comprises a stretching distance controller, a tension sensor and a cycle counter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a test apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the reference numerals are as follows;
1-stretching the panel telescopically; 2-testing the sample plate; 3-a test template fixing device;
4-stretching and stretching the extensometer; 5-parallel direction of movement;
6-control panel (including cycle counter, tension sensor, stretching distance controller, power control switch)
FIG. 2 is a graph showing data of crack width variation at different temperature differences in different regions;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing comparative data of the number of cracking cycles for different film thicknesses;
FIG. 4 is a graph of comparative data showing the number of cracking cycles for various recipes; the data correspond from left to right to the following samples:
FIG. 5 shows a graph of elasticity capability versus data before and after aging; the data correspond from left to right to the following samples:
Detailed Description
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of simulating the expansion and the frequency (times) of a crack of a cracked base layer, and testing the elastic extension capacity, the tensile strength and the elastic service life.
Other aspects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the disclosure herein.
Test method
The invention provides a method for testing an elastic coating, which comprises the following steps: preparing a coating film of the elastic coating;
determining the theoretical elastic life of the coating film through a tensile cycle test;
carrying out artificial aging treatment on the coating film to obtain an artificially aged coating film;
and measuring the actual elastic life of the coating after artificial aging through a tensile cycle test, thereby measuring the elastic property of the elastic coating.
In one embodiment of the invention, the elastic properties are characterized by an elastic life cycle T, which is calculated as:
T＝S’/S×100％。
the higher the absolute value of T, the better the actual elastic life of the sample.
The elastic life rates of different products can also be compared to estimate their relative elastic properties. For example, the elastic life ratio of a product is set to a standard value, above which it is acceptable and below which it is unacceptable.
In a preferred embodiment, the elastic elongation capability or tensile strength is measured in addition to the theoretical elastic life of the coating film by a tensile cycle test. The determination of the elastic extensibility or tensile strength can be carried out in a manner according to the prior art; specifically, for example, the elastic effect of the coating film can be rapidly detected by a method of increasing the stretching distance. The longer the stretching distance, the better the elastic effect of the coating film.
The measurement data of the elastic elongation ability or tensile strength can be used as auxiliary data for determining the elastic properties of the elastic coating material. For example, the elastic elongation or tensile strength can be used to evaluate the level of elastic performance of a sample when the elastic life span of two or more products are close (e.g., no more than 10% difference, or even no more than 5% difference).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the dry film thickness of the coating film is 70 to 80 μm. In actual coating, the wet film thickness of the general latex paint for 2 times of construction is about 150 μm, and the dry film thickness is about 70-80 μm. Therefore, when a coating film is produced, it is necessary to select an appropriate film thickness in consideration of the actual film thickness at the time of actual coating.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the stretching distance is 0.1mm to 0.2mm in the stretching cycle test. The above range is evaluated according to actual conditions, the time of the temperature difference exceeding 40 ℃ in 1 year is about 1 more than one month, the change of the crack width is about 0.1mm, the most extreme temperature difference exceeding 50 ℃ is not much, and the change of the crack width is not more than 0.2 mm.
Assuming a set stretch distance of 0.1mm, if the sample is tested for 30-40 cycles, it is shown that the elastic life of the sample in the area can be maintained for a period of about 1 year. Of course, in different areas, the temperature difference conditions are different, and the actual elastic service life is different, and needs to be judged according to the actual conditions of the area.
The setting of the stretching distance in the test method is preferably not more than 0.2mm, otherwise it is not in accordance with the actual situation, resulting in lack of representativeness of the test results.
The stretching distance may be in a range other than 0.1mm to 0.2mm, but the data obtained at this time are used as much as possible for judging the relative elastic properties between different coatings, and are not suitable for judging the absolute elastic properties.
In one embodiment of the invention, the coating film is subjected to an artificial ageing treatment according to the method specified in GB/T1865.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the theoretical elastic life S is calculated according to the following formula:
S＝C/E
wherein;
s-theoretical elastic life (years);
c-cycle number when the elastic coating film is broken
E-empirical constant (times/year).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the actual elastic life S' is calculated according to the following formula:
S’＝C’/E；
wherein;
s' -elastic Life after Artificial aging (year)
C' -number of cycles for stretch-breaking of elastomeric coating after artificial ageing
E-empirical constant (times/year).
Testing device
The invention also provides a device for testing elastic coating, which comprises:
a coating preparation instrument for preparing a test sample plate of the elastic coating;
an artificial aging instrument; and
and an elasticity tester for measuring the theoretical elastic life and the actual elastic life of the coating film through a tensile cycle test.
In one embodiment of the invention, the artificial aging instrument is an artificial weathering instrument in accordance with the specification of GB/T1865.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the elasticity tester includes:
the fixing device is used for fixing the test sample plate;
a stretching panel for stretching the test sample plate;
a control panel; the control panel comprises a stretching distance controller, a tension sensor and a cycle counter.
The invention has the advantages that:
the ability of an elastomeric coating to cover cracks in the substrate is related to the elastomeric properties of the coating itself and the thickness of the coating. However, the influence of climate environment and temperature change, expansion and contraction of the base layer, and the expansion and contraction and frequency (secondary) of the crack can change continuously. Degradation and aging of the coating film also affect the elastic capacity and life of the coating. The invention discloses a method for measuring the elastic extension capacity, tensile strength and elastic life of an elastic coating. The invention tests the capability and the elastic life of the anti-cracking elastic coating by simulating the expansion and the frequency (times) of cracks of a cracking base layer, and provides related technical parameters and basis for the research, development and improvement of the elastic coating.
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturers. Proportions and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
Unless defined or stated otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the methods of the present invention.
Examples
The test equipment comprises the following instruments:
(1) a coating preparation instrument: the preparation instrument comprises various film thicknesses;
(2) an artificial aging instrument: the artificial weathering apparatus conforms to the regulation in GB/T1865;
(3) an elasticity tester: a test kit designed for the present invention is shown in fig. 1.
1-stretching the panel telescopically; 2-testing the sample plate; 3-a test template fixing device;
4-stretching and stretching the extensometer; 5-parallel direction of movement;
6-control panel (including cycle counter, tension sensor, stretching distance controller, power control switch)
The test method comprises the following steps:
1. treatment of the prototype substrate: fixing 2 bottom plates with the same size, thickness and material by using a special fixture, so that the bottom plates are connected in parallel to form a whole;
2. preparing a coating: coating the elastic coating on the front surface of the sample plate by using a coating preparation instrument with a certain film thickness;
film thickness preparation according to the description: the JG/T172-2005 elastic building coating requires that the dry film thickness of the test coating film is 1.0 + -0.2 mm, while in the actual coating, the wet film thickness of the general latex paint is about 150 μm after 2 times of construction, the dry film thickness is about 70-80 μm, even if 10 times of construction, the dry film thickness can not reach the film thickness specified in the standard. Therefore, when a coating film is produced, it is necessary to select an appropriate film thickness in consideration of the actual film thickness at the time of actual coating.
3. And (3) maintaining a sample plate: putting the prepared sample plate into a specified environment for maintenance;
4. artificial aging: according to the test requirement, carrying out artificial aging treatment on the sample according to the method specified in GB/T1865;
5. and (3) elasticity detection:
5.1 installing the maintained sample plate on the surface of an elastic coating testing device, removing a sample plate fixing clamp, and paying attention to the fact that a paint film is intact (if the paint film is cracked carelessly, a new sample plate needs to be replaced and then reinstalled for testing);
5.2 setting the stretching distance of each time;
stretching distance according to the description:
the tensile rate of the elastic interior wall latex paint under the standard state specified in JG/T172-2005 elastic building coating needs to reach 150 percent, and the elastic exterior wall latex paint needs to reach 200 percent. During the test, the film was pulled off the substrate and tested for tensile strength alone. In actual conditions, the stretching of the coating film is carried out simultaneously with the expansion with heat and contraction with cold of the substrate crack, so that the evaluation of the two alone is not scientific and must be carried out in combination. In addition, the thermal expansion and contraction of any substrate crack can not reach 150%, and in order to establish a scientific stretching distance, the change condition of the substrate crack needs to be tracked and analyzed.
Therefore, the cracks with the crack width of 0.3-0.5mm are respectively selected in different cities, and tracking records are carried out for years, and the results are as follows:
the measured data are shown in FIG. 2.
Through the chart, the thermal expansion and the cold contraction of the crack width are not greatly related to the area where the crack is located, but are closely related to the temperature difference, and the larger the temperature difference is, the larger the change of the crack width is.
Therefore, the temperature difference conditions of different areas are further observed, and the lowest temperature of the surface of the outdoor substrate is about 25 ℃ in the extreme high-temperature day, the highest temperature can reach about 75 ℃, and the temperature difference is as high as more than 50 ℃. Over the years of the follow-up record, the results are as follows:
from the above chart, it can be seen that the time of the temperature difference exceeding 40 ℃ in 1 year is about 1 month or more, the change of the crack width is about 0.1mm, the extreme temperature difference exceeding 50 ℃ is not much, and the change of the crack width is not more than 0.2 mm.
Assuming a set stretch distance of 0.1mm, if the sample is tested for 30-40 cycles, it is shown that the elastic life of the sample in the area can be maintained for a period of about 1 year. Of course, in different areas, the temperature difference conditions are different, and the actual elastic service life is different, and needs to be judged according to the actual conditions of the area.
To sum up: the setting of the stretching distance in the test method should not exceed 0.2mm, otherwise the setting is not in accordance with the actual situation, and the test result is lack of representativeness.
6. Starting the device, and performing a stretching cycle experiment;
7. recording the cycle times of the stretch-breaking of the elastic coating covering the surface of the sample plate, and simultaneously recording the acting force condition of each stretching;
the application example one: latex paint elasticity test
1. Preparing a substrate, cleaning the substrate for later use;
2. preparing elastic paint samples by using preparation instruments with different film thicknesses, wherein each film thickness is at least 10 plates;
3. maintaining at 23 + -2 deg.C and 50% + -5% for 7 days
4. Mounting the maintained sample plate on the surface of an elastic coating testing device, and paying attention to the fact that a paint film is intact (if the paint film is cracked carelessly, the sample plate needs to be replaced and then remounted for testing);
5. setting the stretching distance to be 0.1 +/-0.01 mm;
6. starting the device, and performing a stretching cycle experiment;
7. recording the cycle times of the stretch-breaking of the elastic coating covering the surface of the sample plate crack, and simultaneously recording the acting force condition of each stretching;
the test results were as follows:
the data obtained are shown in FIG. 3. From the above chart, we can see that sample D has no elasticity at all, and the coating film will crack as long as the substrate has slight expansion and contraction regardless of the film thickness; sample C is also not a qualified elastic product, has only slight flexibility, and is also prone to cracking when encountering substrate stretch changes; sample B has certain elasticity and certain ability of resisting the substrate expansion and contraction, but even if the sample B is coated to about 3 times of the normal film thickness (about 200 mu m of dry film), cracking can occur in a short time; sample A has good elasticity, but cracks appear in a short time even if the coating is normally coated for 2 times, and the thickness of the film must be increased to more than 3 times of the normal thickness to resist the fine cracks caused by the expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold of the substrate.
From the above results, it has been found that even the most elastic coatings do not provide good resistance to cracking of the substrate, and therefore, it is impractical to address cracking of the substrate by coatings and multiple materials must be combined to address cracking.
Application example two: testing of multiple elastic materials after lamination
On the same sample plate, after being respectively treated by different elastic material matching schemes, an elastic coating sample A is coated, and after being manufactured and maintained according to the same method, the test is carried out, and the result is as follows:
the data is shown in fig. 4 through the above chart, and we can see that the elastic life can be effectively maintained for 3-5 years or even longer as long as a reasonable collocation scheme is selected according to actual conditions.
Application example three: testing after Artificial ageing
After preparing and maintaining the sample plates according to the method in the second embodiment, all the sample plates were artificially aged for 600 hours and then subjected to the elasticity test, and the results are as follows:
the data are shown in FIG. 5. From the above chart, it can be seen that sample a has excellent weather resistance, and the elastic life of the product is not significantly reduced after artificial aging, and therefore, the product is an ideal elastic product.
The tests show that the method can be used for rapidly and effectively judging the elastic extension capacity, the tensile strength and the elastic life of the sample, and provides more scientific basis for research, development and improvement of elastic products.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims appended hereto, and any other technical entity or method that is encompassed by the claims as broadly defined herein, or equivalent variations thereof, is contemplated as being encompassed by the claims.
All documents referred to herein are incorporated by reference into this application as if each were individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above disclosure, and equivalents also fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for testing an elastomeric coating, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a coating film of the elastic coating;
determining the theoretical elastic life of the coating film through a tensile cycle test;
carrying out artificial aging treatment on the coating film to obtain an artificially aged coating film;
measuring the actual elastic life of the artificially aged coating film through a tensile cycle test, thereby measuring the elastic property of the elastic coating;
wherein,
the theoretical elastic life S is calculated according to the following formula:
S=C/E
wherein;
s-theoretical elastic life (years);
c-cycle number when the elastic coating film is broken
E-empirical constant (times/year);
the actual elastic life S' is calculated as follows:
S’=C’/E；
s' -elastic Life after Artificial aging (year)
C' -number of cycles for stretch-breaking of elastomeric coating after artificial ageing
E-empirical constant (times/year);
the elastic properties are characterized by an elastic life rate T, which is calculated as:
T=S’/S×100%。
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the dry film thickness of the coating film is from 70 to 80 μ ι η.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the tensile distance is 0.1mm to 0.2mm in the tensile cycle test.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the coating is subjected to artificial ageing according to the method specified in GB/T1865.
5. An apparatus for testing elastomeric coatings, said apparatus comprising:
a coating preparation instrument for preparing a test sample plate of the elastic coating;
an artificial aging instrument; and
an elasticity tester for measuring the theoretical elastic life and the actual elastic life of the coating film through a tensile cycle test;
the elasticity tester includes:
the fixing device is used for fixing the test sample plate;
a stretching panel for stretching the test sample plate;
a control panel; the control panel comprises a stretching distance controller, a tension sensor and a cycle counter.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the artificial weathering apparatus is an artificial weathering apparatus in accordance with the provisions of GB/T1865.
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| CN102607968A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-25 | 上海天补建筑科技有限公司 | Method for measuring crack resistance of composite coating coated on outer wall |
| CN103969180B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2016-08-03 | 中国建筑科学研究院 | Method for testing adhesive property of silicone structure sealant for existing curtain wall |
| CN105203404A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-30 | 宁夏共享集团股份有限公司 | Method for measuring strength of evaporative pattern casting paint for casting |
| CN107328676B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-06-02 | 立邦涂料（中国）有限公司 | Soft damage resistance testing method |
| CN111272514B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2022-11-22 | 龙泉市亿龙竹木开发有限公司 | Production method and processing equipment of fireproof bamboo board |
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| CN101960284A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2011-01-26 | 斯奈克玛 | Device for testing the coating of a vane base |
| CN202041427U (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2011-11-16 | 立邦涂料（中国）有限公司 | Elastic paint testing device |
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| CN101960284A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2011-01-26 | 斯奈克玛 | Device for testing the coating of a vane base |
| CN202041427U (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2011-11-16 | 立邦涂料（中国）有限公司 | Elastic paint testing device |
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