CN102205262B - Liquid-solid interference fluidized bed separator as well as separating method and application thereof - Google Patents
Liquid-solid interference fluidized bed separator as well as separating method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102205262B CN102205262B CN201110127184.4A CN201110127184A CN102205262B CN 102205262 B CN102205262 B CN 102205262B CN 201110127184 A CN201110127184 A CN 201110127184A CN 102205262 B CN102205262 B CN 102205262B
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid-solid interference fluidized bed separator as well as a separating method and application thereof. The separator mainly comprises a separator shell, a feeding device, a guide device, a fluid distributing device, a floating matter collecting device, a sediment collecting device and a control system, wherein the feeding device mainly comprises a vertical feeding pipe and an overflow pipe, the sediment collecting device mainly comprises an inclined plate, and the control system comprises a plurality of pressure sensors. The separating method comprises the steps of: feeding by adopting the vertical feeding pipe and the overflow pipe; carrying out secondary uniform distribution and step size grading on discharged materials of the overflow pipe by adopting the guide device; determining a separating zone of a fluidized bed by adopting the pressure sensors; and arranging the inclined plate in a lower cylinder body of the separator to improve treating capacity and density control precision of the separator. The separator has the advantages of simple and compact structure, good stability, convenience for operation and capability of greatly improving density uniformity and stability of the fluidized bed, thereby the separating performance of the separator is improved and the application range of the separator is widened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of separator and method for separating thereof, specifically, relate to a kind of liquid-solid fluid bed separation machine and method for separating and application that is applicable to fine-grained mineral separation, belong to chemical industry, mineral manufacture field.
Background technology
Liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator (Teetered Bed Separator, TBS) is a kind of strengthening gravity separation equipment, can be used for fine-grained mineral separation.Its separating mechanism is: pan feeding, under the effect of ascending current, forms the concentrated phase fluid bed with certain density, based on sliding velocity difference, produces layering; Light grains floating, becomes floating thing, and heavy particle sinks, and becomes hypostasis.Uniform and stable fluid bed separation district density, is conducive to weaken the adverse effect that particle size differences is brought, and the separation process of strengthening pan feeding based on density, is the key parameter regulating and controlling in assorting room.US Patent No. 6953123 discloses the interference fluid-bed separator that a kind of band is roughly selected function, pan feeding is roughly selected in pan feeding well, floating thing enters overflow, hypostasis moves to pan feeding bottom, after tapered shunting dish, enter sorting again in fluid bed, floating thing and hypostasis are discharged from floating thing feeder and hypostasis feeder respectively.Yet, there is following problem in this invention: (1) tapered shunting dish is less to the abated effect of pan feeding speed, and the disturbance of pan feeding very easily destroys the even and stable of minute constituency density, simultaneously, low-density coarse granule in pan feeding very easily mispairing, in hypostasis, makes separating effect variation.In addition, the discharge method that center disperses is difficult to the uniformity that guarantees that pan feeding distributes on whole bed cross section, has reduced the fluidizing performance of bed, and cylinder is larger with the diameter ratio of pan feeding well, and this problem is more outstanding; (2) a minute constituency density space-time for bed that pan feeding forms distributes and is inhomogeneous, constantly raises in time, reduces gradually in the axial direction, has seriously reduced the separation performance of bed; (3) hypostasis is after fluid distributor, based on self gravitation sedimentation in back taper feeder, settling efficiency is lower, reduced the treating capacity of equipment, and the prolongation of hypostasis time of staying in fluid bed, can cause density regulation and control to lag behind, reduce the sharpness of separation of separator, easily cause hypostasis discharge gate to stop up simultaneously.When column diameter increases, this problem is more obvious.Current, about a lot of inventions of liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator, all there are the problems referred to above (as US Patent No. 20100155309 and US4807761, Chinese invention patent application 200810225884.5, Chinese utility model patent 200720063685.X and 200720037745.0).
Fluidized bed densities automatic control system is mainly comprised of sensor, controller, actuator; Some inventions adopt two pressure sensors (as Canadian Patent CA1217656 and Chinese utility model patent 200720063685.X), measure respectively minute top, constituency to the pressure of floating thing overfall and divide the pressure of bottom, constituency to floating thing overfall, obtain the averag density in minute constituency, difference based on this averag density and predefined minute constituency density value, the fluid density in the discharge of regulation and control hypostasis and minute constituency.But the spatial and temporal distributions at overflow area, ,Fen constituency, pan feeding turbulent area, interface, ascending current control zone is difficult to determine, is not easy to the adjusting of bed density; Some inventions adopt single pressure sensor (as US Patent No. 4301001, Chinese utility model patent 200720037745.0, Chinese invention patent application 201010116635.X), measure its installation site to the average pressure of floating thing overfall, obtain thus the averag density of this region bed, compare with dual sensor measuring method, this value is larger with practical separation density difference, and, variation with pan feeding stability and pan feeding character, the equal density fluctuation of institute's lining is very large, bed density control accuracy is poor, has reduced separating effect.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can increase substantially bed fluidizing performance and separating effect, simple in structure, compact, good stability, the liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator of simple operation, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly utilizes liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator to carry out the method for fine-grained mineral separation, and a further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of purposes of liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator, it mainly comprises: separator housing, charging gear, air deflector, fluid distribution means, floating thing gathering-device, hypostasis gathering-device and control system;
Described separator housing (1) is comprised of upper cylinder (16), the lower prop (20) being connected with upper cylinder (16) and the back taper hypostasis feeder (21) that is located at lower prop (20) bottom;
Described charging gear is positioned at the inside of separator housing (1), is located at the top of cylinder (16), and it mainly comprises: vertical feeding pipe (3) and overflow pipe (8);
Described air deflector (6) is positioned at the inside of separator housing (1), is located at charging gear below, and it mainly comprises: at least 3 neighbouring truncation inverted cone-shaped perforated baffles (12);
Described fluid distribution means is positioned at the inside of separator housing (1), is located at air deflector (6) below, and it is comprised of fluid distributor (17) and coupled admission port (23);
Described floating thing gathering-device is positioned at the outside of separator housing (1), is located at the top of cylinder (16), and its floating thing feeder (7) by bottom angled and coupled floating thing discharge gate (9) form;
Described hypostasis gathering-device is located at the bottom of cylinder (16), and it mainly comprises: at least 5 hang plates (19), back taper hypostasis feeder (21) and hypostasis discharge gate (25);
Described control system is positioned at the outside of separator housing (1), and it mainly comprises: at least 4 pressure sensors (22), controller (24) and hypostasis discharge actuator (26).
Further, the structure of described charging gear is: described vertical feeding pipe (3) is located at the central upper portion of cylinder (16), by support (2), be connected with the inwall of upper cylinder (16), top at vertical feeding pipe (3) is provided with feeding mouth (4), the bottom of vertical feeding pipe (3) is evenly laid with a plurality of half cylinder discharging openings (5), each half cylinder discharging opening (5) is connected with an overflow pipe (8) respectively, and each overflow pipe (8) is connected with the semicylinder joint (10) that is located at upper cylinder (16) inwall respectively.
Further, described air deflector (6) be positioned at overflow pipe (8) under, and be connected with the inwall of upper cylinder (16) by tripod (11), its structure is: described each neighbouring perforated baffle (12) connects by hook (13), and the diameter of the deflector on top and aperture are all greater than diameter and the aperture of the deflector of the bottom being adjacent, as shown in Figure 2, the diameter of the deflector on top (14) and aperture are all greater than diameter and the aperture of the deflector (15) of the bottom being adjacent.
Further, the structure of described hypostasis gathering-device is: described each hang plate (19) is all located in the draw-in groove (18) on lower prop (20) inwall, and described hypostasis discharge gate (25) is located at the bottom of back taper hypostasis feeder (21).
Further, the structure of described control system is: described pressure sensor (22) is axially on average laid in the outer wall of cylinder (16), via controller (24) is connected with hypostasis discharge actuator (26), and described hypostasis discharge actuator (26) is connected with hypostasis discharge gate (25).
Further, the number of described half cylinder discharging opening (5) is 2,4 or 6, is preferably 4.
Further, described each perforated baffle (12) is 10-70 ° with the acute angle angle of horizontal direction, is preferably 15-65 °, and adjacent spacing is 5-30cm, is preferably 10-25cm.
Further, the adjacent spacing of described each hang plate (19) is 3-10cm, is preferably 4-6cm.
Further, the adjacent spacing of described each pressure sensor (22) is 5-20cm, is preferably 10-15cm.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of method for separating of liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator, and it comprises the steps:
1) current are fed to fluid distributor (17) by admission port (23), to form uniform upwelling;
2) material is sent in vertical feeding pipe (3) by feeding mouth (4), after overflow pipe (8) shunting, downwards through air deflector (6) to material carry out secondary be uniformly distributed with gradient classification after, material enters bed;
3) material particles that sliding velocity equals water velocity suspends in bed, form the stable minute constituency of even density, sliding velocity is less than the particle of water velocity, it is low-density particles, move upward, enter floating thing feeder (7), through floating thing discharge gate (9), discharge, sliding velocity is greater than the particle of water velocity, and high density granular, moves downward, through a minute constituency, by the space on fluid distributor (17), enter lower prop (20), after hang plate (19), enter back taper hypostasis feeder (21), from hypostasis discharge gate (25), discharge.
Further, in step 3) in, utilize pressure sensor (22) to measure bed density, with minute constituency of determining that suspended particulate forms, recycling controller (24) regulates and controls hypostasis discharge actuator (26) according to the density value of minute constituency density measurement and setting, to regulate minute constituency density.
Again on the one hand, the present invention also provides a kind of liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator at sorting mineral, is preferably fine-grained mineral separation, in application.
The beneficial effect of liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator provided by the invention is as follows: this separator is by vertical feeding pipe and overflow pipe feed, can improve the even and stable of cylinder cross section feed, significantly reduce the disturbance that pan feeding causes the fluidized status in minute constituency, and be not subject to the restriction of column diameter; Adopting air deflector to carry out secondary to overflow pipe discharging is uniformly distributed and step grading, can reduce particle mispairing, especially suppress the mispairing of low-density coarse granule in hypostasis, in addition, increase a minute constituency height, reduce the trend that time of staying of high density granular reduces in the axial direction gradually, suppress the trend that bed density axially reduces gradually, improve bed density evenly with stable; Adopt a plurality of pressure sensors to measure bed density, can determine minute constituency of bed, thereby regulate and control targetedly bed density, improve accuracy and the validity of assorting room regulation and control; Employing hang plate can improve the settling efficiency of hypostasis, increases the treating capacity of separator, and, shorten high density granular in the time of staying in minute constituency, avoid the hysteresis of density regulation and control, the obstruction of inhibition hypostasis discharge gate, maintains fluidisation and separation performance that bed is good; It is simple in structure, compact, and simple operation is good to separator steady flow result, can increase substantially the separation performance of separator, widens the scope of application of separator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below, describe by reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment of the present invention in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of the perforated baffle (12) of air deflector of the present invention (6).
In figure: 1-separator, 2-support, the vertical feeding pipe of 3-, 4-feeding mouth, 5-half cylinder discharging opening, 6-air deflector, 7-floats thing feeder, 8-overflow pipe, 9-floats thing discharge gate, 10-semicylinder joint, 11-tripod, 12-truncation inverted cone-shaped perforated baffle, 13-hook, the deflector on 14-top for example, the deflector of 15-bottom for example, the upper cylinder of 16-, 17-fluid distributor, 18-draw-in groove, 19-hang plate, 20-lower prop, 21-back taper hypostasis feeder, 22-pressure sensor, 23-admission port, 24-controller, 25-hypostasis discharge gate, 26-hypostasis discharge actuator.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, the present invention is further described in detail, the embodiment providing is only in order to illustrate the present invention, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.
embodiment 1: liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator
Shown in Fig. 1, the liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator of the present invention mainly comprises: separator housing, charging gear, air deflector, fluid distribution means, floating thing gathering-device, hypostasis gathering-device and control system.
The housing of separator 1 is comprised of upper cylinder 16, the lower prop 20 being connected with upper cylinder 16 and the back taper hypostasis feeder 21 that is located at lower prop 20 bottoms.
Charging gear is positioned at the inside of separator housing 1, be located at the top of cylinder 16, wherein, upper cylinder 16 central upper portion are provided with vertical feeding pipe 3, vertical feeding pipe 3 is connected with the inwall of upper cylinder 16 by support 2, lower flat at vertical feeding pipe 3 is laid with 4 half cylinder discharging openings 5, and each half cylinder discharging opening 5 is connected with an overflow pipe 8 by flange, and each overflow pipe 8 is connected with the semicylinder joint 10 being located on upper cylinder 16 inwalls.
Under overflow pipe 8, be provided with the air deflector 6 being connected with upper cylinder 16 inwalls by tripod 11, air deflector 6 comprises that the acute angle angle with horizontal direction is 30 °, the adjacent spacing truncation inverted cone-shaped perforated baffle 12 that is 15cm and links up with 13, neighbouring deflector 12 is connected by hook 13, and the diameter of the deflector on top and aperture are all greater than diameter and the aperture of the deflector of the bottom being adjacent, as shown in Figure 2, the diameter of the deflector 14 on top and aperture are all greater than diameter and the aperture of the deflector 15 of the bottom being adjacent.
Fluid distribution means is positioned at the inside of separator housing 1, is located at air deflector 6 belows, and it is comprised of fluid distributor 17 and coupled admission port 23.
Floating thing gathering-device is positioned at the outside of separator housing 1, is located at the top of cylinder 16, and its floating thing feeder 7 by bottom angled and coupled floating thing discharge gate 9 form.
Hypostasis gathering-device is located at the bottom of cylinder 16, and wherein, the hang plate 19 that adjacent spacing is 5cm is located in the draw-in groove 18 on the inwall of lower prop 20, and hypostasis discharge gate 25 is located at the bottom of back taper hypostasis feeder 21.
Control system is positioned at the outside of separator housing 1, wherein, the outer wall of upper cylinder 16 is axially on average laid with the pressure sensor 22 that adjacent spacing is 12cm, and via controller 24 is connected with hypostasis discharge actuator 26, and this hypostasis discharge actuator 26 is connected with hypostasis discharge gate 25.
embodiment 2: the method for separating of liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator
Liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator method for separating of the present invention is as follows:
First current are fed to fluid distributor 17 by admission port 23, form uniform upwelling; Material is sent in vertical feeding pipe 3 by feeding mouth 4, after overflow pipe 8 shunting, formed uniform and stable overflow on the cross section of upper cylinder 16, overflow is uniformly distributed the air deflector 6 with step grading through it being carried out to secondary downwards; Sliding velocity equals the particle of water velocity, in bed, suspends, and forms the stable minute constituency of even density; The particle that sliding velocity is less than water velocity moves upward, and enters floating thing feeder 7, through floating thing discharge gate 9, discharges; The particle that sliding velocity is greater than water velocity moves downward, through a minute constituency, by the space on fluid distributor 17, enter lower prop 20, enter and increase its sinking speed and shorten it in minute hang plate of the constituency time of staying 19, enter again back taper hypostasis feeder 21, through hypostasis discharge gate 25, discharge; The pressure sensor 22 being axially on average laid on cylinder 16 outer walls is measured bed density, determine minute constituency that suspended particulate forms, controller 24 is according to the density value of minute constituency density measurement and setting, and regulation and control hypostasis discharge actuator 26 is to regulate minute constituency density.
Claims (18)
1. a liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator, is characterized in that, described liquid-solid interference fluid-bed separator mainly comprises: separator housing, charging gear, air deflector, fluid distribution means, floating thing gathering-device, hypostasis gathering-device and control system;
Described separator housing (1) is comprised of upper cylinder (16), the lower prop (20) being connected with upper cylinder (16) and the back taper hypostasis feeder (21) that is located at lower prop (20) bottom;
Described charging gear is positioned at the inside of separator housing (1), is located at the top of cylinder (16), and it mainly comprises: vertical feeding pipe (3) and overflow pipe (8);
Described air deflector (6) is positioned at the inside of separator housing (1), is located at charging gear below, and it mainly comprises: at least 3 neighbouring truncation inverted cone-shaped perforated baffles (12);
Described fluid distribution means is positioned at the inside of separator housing (1), is located at air deflector (6) below, and it is comprised of fluid distributor (17) and coupled admission port (23);
Described floating thing gathering-device is positioned at the outside of separator housing (1), is located at the top of cylinder (16), and its floating thing feeder (7) by bottom angled and coupled floating thing discharge gate (9) form;
Described hypostasis gathering-device is located at the bottom of cylinder (16), and it mainly comprises: at least 5 hang plates (19), back taper hypostasis feeder (21) and hypostasis discharge gate (25);
Described control system is positioned at the outside of separator housing (1), and it mainly comprises: at least 4 pressure sensors (22), controller (24) and hypostasis discharge actuator (26).
2. separator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of described charging gear is: described vertical feeding pipe (3) is located at the central upper portion of cylinder (16), by support (2), be connected with the inwall of upper cylinder (16), top at vertical feeding pipe (3) is provided with feeding mouth (4), the bottom of vertical feeding pipe (3) is evenly laid with a plurality of half cylinder discharging openings (5), each half cylinder discharging opening (5) is connected with an overflow pipe (8) respectively, each overflow pipe (8) is connected with the semicylinder joint (10) that is located at upper cylinder (16) inwall respectively.
3. separator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described air deflector (6) be positioned at overflow pipe (8) under, and be connected with the inwall of upper cylinder (16) by tripod (11), its structure is: described each neighbouring perforated baffle (12) connects by hook (13), and the diameter of the deflector on top and aperture are all greater than diameter and the aperture of the deflector of the bottom being adjacent.
4. separator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of described hypostasis gathering-device is: described each hang plate (19) is all located in the draw-in groove (18) on lower prop (20) inwall, and described hypostasis discharge gate (25) is located at the bottom of back taper hypostasis feeder (21).
5. separator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of described control system is: described pressure sensor (22) is axially on average laid in the outer wall of cylinder (16), via controller (24) is connected with hypostasis discharge actuator (26), and described hypostasis discharge actuator (26) is connected with hypostasis discharge gate (25).
6. separator according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the number of described half cylinder discharging opening (5) is 2,4 or 6.
7. separator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described each perforated baffle (12) is 10-70 ° with the acute angle angle of horizontal direction, and adjacent spacing is 5-30cm.
8. separator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described each perforated baffle (12) is 10-70 ° with the acute angle angle of horizontal direction, and adjacent spacing is 10-25cm.
9. separator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described each perforated baffle (12) is 15-65 ° with the acute angle angle of horizontal direction, and adjacent spacing is 5-30cm.
10. separator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described each perforated baffle (12) is 15-65 ° with the acute angle angle of horizontal direction, and adjacent spacing is 10-25cm.
11. separators according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the adjacent spacing of described each hang plate (19) is 3-10cm.
12. separators according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the adjacent spacing of described each hang plate (19) is 4-6cm.
13. separators according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the adjacent spacing of described each pressure sensor (22) is 5-20cm.
14. separators according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the adjacent spacing of described each pressure sensor (22) is 10-15cm.
15. 1 kinds of methods of utilizing the separator described in claim 1-14 any one to carry out sorting, is characterized in that, described in comprise the steps:
1) current are fed to fluid distributor (17) by admission port (23), to form uniform upwelling;
2) material is sent in vertical feeding pipe (3) by feeding mouth (4), after overflow pipe (8) shunting, downwards through air deflector (6) to material carry out secondary be uniformly distributed with gradient classification after, material enters bed;
3) material particles that sliding velocity equals water velocity suspends in bed, form the stable minute constituency of even density, sliding velocity is less than the particle of water velocity, it is low-density particles, move upward, enter floating thing feeder (7), through floating thing discharge gate (9), discharge, sliding velocity is greater than the particle of water velocity, and high density granular, moves downward, through a minute constituency, by the space on fluid distributor (17), enter lower prop (20), after hang plate (19), enter back taper hypostasis feeder (21), from hypostasis discharge gate (25), discharge.
16. method for separating according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, in step 3), utilize pressure sensor (22) to measure bed density, with minute constituency of determining that suspended particulate forms, recycling controller (24) regulates and controls hypostasis discharge actuator (26) according to the density value of minute constituency density measurement and setting, to regulate minute constituency density.
17. 1 kinds of application in sorting mineral according to the separator described in claim 1-14 any one.
18. application according to claim 17, is characterized in that, the application of described separator in fine-grained mineral separation.
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| CN102527491A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-04 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | High-efficiency hydraulic classification machine |
| CN104984816B (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-12-12 | 洛阳矿山机械工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | The operating method of short transverse water speed is adjustable liquid-solid fluid bed coarse slime size device |
| CN105080700B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-08-28 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of pulsation inclined plate strengthens classifying and sorting device and its method |
| CN106179775B (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-06-01 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of fine inclined plate floats sorting machine again |
| CN110773329B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-09-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Turbulent flow generating device suitable for micro-fine particle is selected separately fast |
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| CN201052472Y (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-04-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Liquid-solid fluid bed coarse slime size classification grading device |
| CN201304359Y (en) * | 2008-10-25 | 2009-09-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Multi-product liquid-solid fluidized bed sorting and classifying equipment |
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| US6953123B2 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2005-10-11 | Outokumpu Oyj | Pre-separation of feed material for hindered-bed separator |
| DE10343788A1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-04-28 | Hans Huber Ag Masch & Anlagenb | Device for separating organic material from inorganic material |
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| CN201052472Y (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-04-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Liquid-solid fluid bed coarse slime size classification grading device |
| CN201304359Y (en) * | 2008-10-25 | 2009-09-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Multi-product liquid-solid fluidized bed sorting and classifying equipment |
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