CN102201749A - 三相48脉波整流变压器 - Google Patents
三相48脉波整流变压器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及整流变压器领域,是提出一台三相48脉波整流变压器带有四套阀侧输出绕组的布置、移相、联结和匝数选取方法,实现一台整流变压器的并联二十四脉波整流,两台整流变压器的并联四十八脉波整流。本发明解决整流***中并联整流变压器电流不平衡的技术难题,以提高整流器的带负载能力,减少整流器产生的谐波电流;在网侧,两台整流变压器组成的并联四十八脉波整流***的5次,7次,11次,13次,17次,19次,23次和25次谐波电流可相互抵消。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及将交流电变换为直流电的变流技术领域,尤其是一种用于变流的整流变压器。
背景技术
在申请号为201010526406.5的发明专利“三相48脉波整流变压器”中,三相48脉波整流变压器由两台三相24脉波整流变压器组成。三相24脉波整流变压器包括两套网侧输入绕组和四套阀侧输出绕组,两套网侧输入绕组并联且轴向***布置,四套阀侧输出绕组中的两套阀侧输出绕组与一套网侧输入绕组对应径向***布置,另两套阀侧输出绕组与另一套网侧输入绕组也对应径向***布置,对应径向***的两套阀侧输出绕组与另两套对应径向***的阀侧输出绕组也为轴向***布置,如图1和图2所示;该三相24脉波整流变压器的主要特征是对应径向***布置的两套阀侧输出绕组相互之间对称移相,相互之间移相角为7.5°,或为15°,或为22.5°。该三相48脉波整流变压器运行时,对应径向***布置的阀侧输出绕组的整流电流相互之间严重不平衡,有时整流电流不平衡率大于50%;整流电流不平衡的危害主要有二:降低整流***的带负载能力,增大整流***向电网输出的谐波电流;故必须尽量消除整流电流不平衡率,一般要求整流电流不平衡率小于10%。
径向***布置阀侧输出绕组之间的漏磁耦合系数大,在各绕组三相短路阻抗相等的条件下,各绕组的各相漏磁电感与绕组之间的移相角和绕组导通工作状况有关;在0°至30°之间的移相角范围内,径向***布置两绕组的各相漏磁电感是不相等,再加上两绕组各导通时间顺序和间隔的不同,造成两绕组对应的整流电流不平衡;仅在30°移相角时,两绕组的各相漏磁电感相等,各相导通时间顺序和间隔也相同,径向***布置两绕组对应的整流电流是平衡相等。原专利中对应径向***布置的两套阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角为7.5°,或为15°,或为22.5°,是造成整流电流不平衡相等的主要原因。
轴向***阀侧输出绕组之间的漏磁耦合系数小,轴向***阀侧输出绕组之间相互干扰小,各阀侧输出绕组的各相漏磁电感及整流电流与轴向***阀侧输出绕组之间的移相角关联小;不同的轴向***移相角时,轴向***的阀侧输出绕组的各相漏磁电感及整流电流是基本相等,整流电流不平衡率可小于10%。
对三相四十八脉波整流变压器,消除各绕组间的整流电流不平衡,就能保证整流***的带负载能力,减少整流***向电网输出的谐波电流。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:提出一种通过新的绕组移相,联结和匝数选取方法,实现整流电流的平衡的三相48脉波整流变压器。
本发明所采用的技术方案为:一种三相48脉波整流变压器,由两台阀侧输出绕组移相的24脉波整流变压器组成,所述的单台24脉波整流变压器具有两套网侧输入绕组和四套阀侧输出绕组,两套网侧输入绕组并联且轴向***布置,四套阀侧输出绕组中的两套阀侧输出绕组与一套网侧输入绕组对应径向***布置,另两套阀侧输出绕组与另一套网侧输入绕组也对应径向***布置,对应径向***的两套阀侧输出绕组与另两套对应径向***的阀侧输出绕组也为轴向***布置;所述的对应径向***布置的两套阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角为30°,另两套对应径向***布置的阀侧绕组相互之间移相角也为30°,轴向***布置绕组之间的移相角为15°或7.5°,四套阀侧输出绕组匝数变比(等效匝数)相差小于0.5%;所述的两台24脉波整流变压器的网侧输入绕组相互之间移相,使得两台24脉波整流变压器的八套阀侧输出绕组的电压之间均匀相差7.5°,两台24脉波整流变压器的八套阀侧输出绕组与整流器对应连接形成均匀48脉波整流。
当轴向***阀侧输出绕组之间的移相角为15°时,单台24脉波整流变压器的四套阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角分别为:15°、15°、15°和15°,是均匀相等的;在两台整流变压器的网侧绕组相互之间移相7.5°或22.5°,使两台整流变压器的八套阀侧输出绕组的电压之间均匀相差7.5°。
对应径向***布置两套阀侧输出绕组均为移相联结,分别移相,移相后两套阀侧输出绕组相角差为30°;对应径向***布置的另两套阀侧输出绕组均为移相联结,分别移相,移相后两套阀侧输出绕组相角差为30°,具体为:对应径向***布置两套阀侧输出绕组分别为三角形联结和星形联结,相互之间相角差为30°;对应径向***布置的另两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相+15°与-15°,相互之间相角差为30°。
当轴向***阀侧输出绕组之间的移相角为7.5°时,四套阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角分别为:22.5°、7.5°、22.5°和7.5°,是非均匀相等的;在两台整流变压器的网侧绕组相互之间移相15°,使两台整流变压器的八套阀侧输出绕组的电压之间均匀相差7.5°。
对应径向***布置两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相+11.25°与-18.75°;对应径向***布置的另两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相-11.25°与+18.75°,具体为:对应径向***布置两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相+3.75°与-26.25°;对应径向***布置的另两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相-3.75°与+26.25°。
本发明的有益效果是:实现三相48脉波整流整流变压器的整流电流平衡相等,改进了原方法的缺陷,可提高整流器带负载能力,减少整流器产生的谐波电流;两台整流变压器组成的并联四十八脉波整流***,在网侧的5次,7次,11次,13次,17次,19次,23次和25次谐波电流可相互抵消,提高了电网的质量。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是现有技术24脉波整流变压器的四套阀侧输出绕组布置;
图2是现有技术24脉波整流变压器的另一种四套阀侧输出绕组布置;
图3是本发明的阀侧输出绕组的一种均匀移相联结方法;
图4是本发明的阀侧输出绕组的又一种均匀移相联结方法;
图5是本发明的阀侧输出绕组的一种非均匀移相联结方法;
图6是本发明的阀侧输出绕组的又一种非均匀移相联结方法;
图7是本发明的三相48脉波整流变压器的一种绕组联结方法;
图8是本发明的三相48脉波整流变压器的又一种绕组联结方法。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图和优选实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图,仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构,因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。
图1或图2所示一台变压器,含有并联的轴向***网侧输入绕组H和四套阀侧输出绕组(图示为一相,未显示铁心),每套阀侧输出绕组包括主绕组L,和移相绕组S;四套阀侧输出绕组分别为:L1S1、L2S2、L3S3、和L4S4。L1S1与L2S2相互为径向***布置;L3S3与L4S4相互为径向***布置;L1S1和L2S2与L3S3和L4S4相互之间为轴向***布置。
本发明的图3或图4所示的移相联结方法和移相角度,均实现径向***布置阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角度30°,即L1S1与L2S2之间的移相角为30°,L3S3与L4S4之间的移相角为30°。选择径向***布置阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角度30°,是因为此时两绕组的各相漏磁电感相等,各相导通时间顺序和间隔也相同,可实现径向***布置绕组对应的整流电流平衡相等。
采用图3或图4所示的移相联结方法和移相角度,还使轴向***的绕组(L1S1和L2S2)与(L3S3和L4S4)相互之间移相15°;此时,L1S1与L3S3之间的相角差为15°,L3S3与L2S2之间的相角差为15°,L2S2与L4S4之间的相角差为15°,L4S4与L1S1之间的相角差为45°(60°为整流等效循环周期,45°相角与15°相角等效),四套阀侧绕组之间相角差是均匀相等的。下表给出对应图3的一种四套阀侧绕组的匝数和移相角等参数,四套绕组等效匝数偏差小于0.03%,表中移相角与图中规定移相角也存在一定偏差。
绕组代号 | 主绕组匝数 | 移相匝数 | 等效匝数 | 联结方法 | 移相角 |
L1S1 | 30 | 6 | 39.345 | 正延边三角 | +7.59° |
L2S2 | 9 | 17 | 39.357 | 反延边三角 | -22.52° |
L3S3 | 30 | 6 | 39.345 | 反延边三角 | -7.59° |
L4S4 | 9 | 17 | 39.357 | 正延边三角 | +22.52° |
图5或图6为阀侧绕组非均匀移相联结方法和移相角度,图中对应径向***布置阀侧绕组之间的移相角均为30°,即L1S1与L2S2之间的相角差为30°,L3S3与L4S4之间的相角差为30°;对应轴向***的绕组(L1S1和L2S2)与(L3S3和L4S4)相互之间移相7.5°。以图5为例,L1S1与L3S3之间的相角差为22.5°,L3S3与L2S2之间的相角差为7.5°,L2S2与L4S4之间的相角差为37.5°(37.5°等效22.5°),L4S4与L1S1之间的相角差为7.5°,四套阀侧绕组之间相角差是非均匀相等的。四套阀侧绕组之间采用非均匀相等的移相角,可为主绕组和移相绕组匝数选择提供更多的方案,能同样组成均匀48脉波整流变压器;下表给出对应图5的一种四套阀侧绕组的匝数和移相角等参数,四套绕组等效匝数偏差小于0.21%,表中移相角与图中规定移相角也存在一定偏差。
绕组代号 | 主绕组匝数 | 移相匝数 | 等效匝数 | 联结方法 | 移相角 |
L1S1 | 17 | 6 | 26.514 | 正延边三角 | +11.30° |
L2S2 | 10 | 10 | 26.458 | 反延边三角 | -19.10° |
L3S3 | 17 | 6 | 26.514 | 反延边三角 | -11.30° |
L4S4 | 10 | 10 | 26.458 | 正延边三角 | +19.10° |
图7所示为两台图3所示联结方法的均匀移相的整流变压器组成的三相48脉波整流变压器,两台整流变压器网侧绕组采用延边三角移相联结方法,分别移相+3.75°与-3.75°,网侧绕组相互之间移相7.5°;两台整流变压器八套阀侧绕组相互之间相角均匀间隔7.5°,即48脉波整流电压的单个纹波电角区间7.5°。此外,若网侧绕组相互之间移相22.5°,两台整流变压器八套阀侧绕组相互之间相角也是均匀间隔7.5°,但在网侧,可更好抵消整流电流不平衡造成的5次和7次谐波电流。
图8所示为两台图5所示联结方法的非均匀移相的整流变压器组成的三相48脉波整流变压器,两台整流变压器网侧绕组采用延边三角移相联结方法,分别移相+7.5°与-7.5°,网侧绕组相互之间移相15°;两台整流变压器八套阀侧绕组相互之间相角均匀间隔7.5°,即48脉波整流电压的单个纹波电角区间7.5°。
以上说明书中描述的只是本发明的具体实施方式,各种举例说明不对本发明的实质内容构成限制,所属技术领域的普通技术人员在阅读了说明书后可以对以前所述的具体实施方式做修改或变形,而不背离发明的实质和范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种三相48脉波整流变压器,由两台阀侧输出绕组移相的24脉波整流变压器组成,其特征在于:所述的单台24脉波整流变压器具有两套网侧输入绕组和四套阀侧输出绕组,两套网侧输入绕组并联且轴向***布置,四套阀侧输出绕组中的两套阀侧输出绕组与一套网侧输入绕组对应径向***布置,另两套阀侧输出绕组与另一套网侧输入绕组也对应径向***布置,对应径向***的两套阀侧输出绕组与另两套对应径向***的阀侧输出绕组也为轴向***布置;所述的对应径向***布置的两套阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角为30°,另两套对应径向***布置的阀侧绕组相互之间移相角也为30°,轴向***布置绕组之间的移相角为15°或7.5°,四套阀侧输出绕组的电压数值相差小于0.5%;所述的两台24脉波整流变压器的网侧输入绕组相互之间移相,使得两台24脉波整流变压器的8套阀侧输出绕组的电压之间均匀相差7.5°,两台24脉波整流变压器的8套阀侧输出绕组与整流器对应连接形成均匀48脉波整流。
2.如权利要求1所述的三相48脉波整流变压器,其特征在于:所述的单台24脉波整流变压器,轴向***布置绕组之间的移相角为15°时,四套阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角分别为15°,15°,15°和15°,是均匀相等;所述的两台24脉波整流变压器的网侧输入绕组相互之间移相7.5°或22.5°。
3.如权利要求2所述的三相48脉波整流变压器,其特征在于:对应径向***布置两套阀侧输出绕组均为移相联结,分别移相,移相后两套阀侧输出绕组相角差为30°;对应径向***布置的另两套阀侧输出绕组均为移相联结,分别移相,移相后两套阀侧输出绕组相角差为30°。
4.如权利要求2所述的三相48脉波整流变压器,其特征在于:对应径向***布置两套阀侧输出绕组分别为三角形联结和星形联结,相互之间相角差为30°;对应径向***布置的另两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相+15°与-15°,相互之间相角差为30°。
5.如权利要求1所述的三相48脉波整流变压器,其特征在于:所述的单台24脉波整流变压器,轴向***布置绕组之间的移相角为7.5°时,四套阀侧输出绕组相互之间移相角分别为22.5°、7.5°、22.5°和7.5°,是非均匀相等;所述的两台24脉波整流变压器的网侧输入绕组相互之间移相15°。
6.如权利要求5所述的三相48脉波整流变压器,其特征在于:对应径向***布置两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相+11.25°与-18.75°;对应径向***布置的另两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相-11.25°与+18.75°。
7.如权利要求5所述的三相48脉波整流变压器,其特征在于:对应径向***布置两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相+3.75°与-26.25°;对应径向***布置的另两套阀侧输出绕组均为延边三角形联结,分别移相-3.75°与+26.25°。
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CN201110176569XA CN102201749A (zh) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | 三相48脉波整流变压器 |
DE112012001465.0T DE112012001465T5 (de) | 2011-03-29 | 2012-01-19 | 48-Puls-Dreiphasen-Gleichrichtertransformator |
US14/007,274 US9013905B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2012-01-19 | Three-phase 48-pulse rectifier transformer |
PCT/CN2012/070580 WO2012129980A1 (zh) | 2011-03-29 | 2012-01-19 | 三相48脉波整流变压器 |
JP2014501406A JP5879428B2 (ja) | 2011-03-29 | 2012-01-19 | 三相48パルス整流器用変圧器 |
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US20140015629A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
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