CN102199437A - Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower - Google Patents
Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN102199437A CN102199437A CN2011101023420A CN201110102342A CN102199437A CN 102199437 A CN102199437 A CN 102199437A CN 2011101023420 A CN2011101023420 A CN 2011101023420A CN 201110102342 A CN201110102342 A CN 201110102342A CN 102199437 A CN102199437 A CN 102199437A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, which is used for solving the problem of the industrial destructive distillation of low-order brown coal. The large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower comprises a tower body, a combustor, a coal bunker and a screw feeder, wherein the coal bunker and the screw feeder are positioned on the top of the tower body, and a carbocoal outlet is formed on the lower part of the tower body; the tower body consists of a plurality of unit towers which are arranged longitudinally in a laminated mode; a uniformly-distributed plate, an anti-wearing tile and a heating pipe are arranged in each unit tower from top to bottom; high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustor enters the heat pipe in each unit tower sequentially from bottom to top from an S-shaped high-temperature flue; each unit tower is provided with a gas transfer pipe; a gas valve is arranged on the transfer pipe; and the unit tower positioned on the uppermost part is provided with a discharge flue. The upgrading tower consists of a plurality of unit towers, so the structure is convenient to manufacture and mount, and products are easy to form. Due to the adoption of a continuous production mode, the large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower is suitable for large-scale industrial production, is simple in equipment and easy to implement, and provides an effective path for the utilization of the low-order brown coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of retorting technique, especially for the low order brown coal being carried out the large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower that upgrading is handled.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the lasting consumption of the high speed development and the natural resources of world economy, critical shortage has appearred in coal resources, is example with 2008 only, 2,500 ten thousand to 3,500 ten thousand tons of global coal shortage, and to the end of the year 2009, this numeral reaches 70,000,000 tons.The brown coal geologic reserve is about 4,000,000,000,000 tons on the earth, accounts for 40% of coal reserves, and in the face of the coal resources shortage problem that increasingly sharpens, nowadays the problem of utilizing of these low order coal resources of not mentioned by people of brown coal is brought into schedule gradually by people.The brown coal degree of coalification is low, moisture is high, easy-weathering is cracked in air, thermal value is low, be not easy to remote transportation, thereby must find a kind of reasonable, economic mode that this coal is used.
Since the seventies in last century, the low-temperature pyrolysis technology of low-rank coal such as brown coal is paid attention to by people gradually, up to now in the many decades of constantly exploring, once there was industrial demonstration project among a small circle to occur, but because technical elements, the brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis industrialization truly of still being unrealized so far.Typical both at home and abroad brown coal pyrolytic process comprises: LR technology, Australian fluid bed fast pyrolysis technology, the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) 3TX(ETCh of the Toscoa1 technology of the U.S., ENCOAL technology, Germany) the multistage rotary kiln technology of-175 technologies, China, the new method distillation process of Chinese solid thermal carriers etc.Above brown coal pyrolytic process can be divided into external-heat, internal heat type pyrolytic process from type of heating.Wherein internal heat type technology is if again from the segmentation of thermal barrier rerum natura aspect, can be divided into gaseous heat-carrier internal heat type pyrolytic process and solid thermal carriers internal heat type pyrolytic process.The internal heat type pyrolytic process that with the flue gas is carrier is an example, and the volatility product that pyrolysis of coal is separated out has been reduced gas quality by flue gas dilution, has increased raw gas isolation of purified equipment and power consumption; Simultaneously, the brown coal oxidation easily takes place in flue gas heating, and the equipment corrosion situation is also relatively more serious; Flue gas if the problems of excessive heat that the selective oxidation heat release is caused causes fugitive constituent burning even blast easily, influences the normal steady running of system as containing the destructive distillation of oxygen thermal medium.For the coal of this class high-moisture of brown coal, the first step of destructive distillation upgrading is to carry out drying.Some dry processes adopt water vapor to carry out, because the emission loss of latent heat causes bigger energy dissipation easily.Rotary kiln technology is because it infeeds the restriction of air quantity and kiln body diameter, and application is difficult to maximize.Second step of destructive distillation upgrading then is the coal carbonization process under the oxygen-free environment.If the thermal barrier of upgrading device adopts solid heat-carrying, then system exists and is difficult for sealing, rotates and upgrades the equipment complexity, the thermal barrier wearing and tearing cause problems such as the semicoke ash content is excessive; Industrialization phase influences the sales and marketing occupation rate of product if adopt the tightness system of market-ripe then can cause the investment of tangible system excessive.The various defective workmanships of above prior art make brown coal drying and upgrading technology be in the scale demonstration phase.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provide a kind of simple in structure, be easy to extensive safety in production and can obtain the large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower of high-quality product.
The alleged problem of the present invention is solved by following technical scheme:
A kind of large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower, its special feature is, it comprises tower body, the combustion chamber, coal bunker and screw feeder, described coal bunker and screw feeder are positioned at the tower body top, the tower body bottom is provided with the semicoke outlet, described tower body is made up of the unit tower that several vertical laminations are provided with, uniform board from top to bottom is set in each unit tower, wearing-resistant tile, heating tube, the high-temperature flue gas of being sent by the combustion chamber is through S form height temperature flue, enter the heating tube in each unit tower from bottom to top successively, each unit tower is provided with the gas fairlead, establishes gas valve on the fairlead, and the unit tower that is positioned at topmost is provided with smoke-uptake.
Heating tube layering in the above-mentioned large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower, described each unit tower is provided with, and the stagger arrangement of each layer heating tube is arranged, and the heating tube diameter is 10-100mm, and transverse pitch is 10-200mm between each heating tube, and longitudinal pitch is 10-300mm.
Above-mentioned large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower, described each unit tower bottom is provided with air locking device.
Above-mentioned large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower is provided with number row pipe manifold between the inwall of described heating tube and unit tower, each arranges pipe manifold between two-layer heating tube.
Above-mentioned large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower, described wearing-resistant tile is provided with the 3-8 layer, and the stagger arrangement of each layer wearing-resistant tile is arranged.
Large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower provided by the invention is used for that the low order brown coal are carried out upgrading and handles, and obtains semicoke, tar and high scrubbed gas.Described upgrading tower is combined by a plurality of unit tower, high-temperature flue gas is serpentine through heating tube from bottom to top by the most lower level unit tower and enters each unit tower, discharge the coal grain in the heat heating tower, the coal grain from top to bottom constantly falls in tower, collide heating tube by heat conduction and accept that radiant heat is rapidly heated in the tower, thereby, finish separating out of moisture and fugitive constituent simultaneously, realize retort process.The modular design of unit tower of the present invention is convenient to make, install, and is easy to form standardized product, when handling the variation of coal or turnout, only needs to change the unitary number of forming tower and adjusts.The present invention adopts the continous way mode of production, is applicable to large-scale industrial production, and equipment is simple, and is easy to implement, for the utilization of low order brown coal provides valid approach.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural principle synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the unit tower synoptic diagram.
Each label is expressed as follows in the accompanying drawing: 1. combustion chamber, 2. high-temperature flue, 3. semicoke outlet, 4. air locking device, 5. unit tower, 6. screw feeder, 7. coal bunker, 8. gas valve is 9. caught coke installation, 10. uniform board, 11. wearing-resistant tile, 12. heating tubes, 13. pipe manifolds, 14. smoke-uptakes.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes tower body, combustion chamber 1, coal bunker 7, screw feeder 6, coal bunker and screw feeder are positioned at the tower body top, and the tower body bottom is provided with semicoke outlet 3.Tower body is made up of the unit tower 5 that several vertical laminations are provided with, and assembles flexibly according to the number of coal and production requirement setup unit tower, and unit tower is provided with 3-5 usually.The high-temperature flue gas of being sent by combustion chamber 1 enters the heating tube in each unit tower from bottom to top successively through S form height temperature flue 2, and each unit tower is provided with the gas fairlead, establishes gas valve 8 on the fairlead, and the unit tower that is positioned at topmost is provided with smoke-uptake 14.
Referring to Fig. 2, uniform board 10, wearing-resistant tile 11, heating tube 12 are set from top to bottom in each unit tower 5.Heating tube 12 layering settings, the stagger arrangement of each layer heating tube is arranged, and the heating tube diameter is 10-100mm, and horizontal clear spacing is 10-200mm between each heating tube, and vertically clear spacing is 10-300mm.Brown coal fall in the unit tower from the unit tower top, and are through uniform board 3, evenly unrestrained.At first, 11 collisions contact the coal grain with wearing-resistant tile, to underspeed, alleviate the wearing and tearing to heating tube; Then the coal grain is from top to bottom in tower in the dropping process, constantly and heating tube 12 contact-impacts, is subjected to the intensive gas-particle heat transfer simultaneously.The coal grain is in the decline process, and constantly being heated discharges coal gas, and by adjusting each unit gas valve 8, control coal gas is drawn speed, can control the flow of gas speed in the tower, and then adjusts the lowering speed of coal grain.For prolonging the destructive distillation time, keeping dry distillation gas purity, an air locking device 4 is set in each unit tower bottom." gas short circuit " phenomenon for the space of the heating tube avoiding arranging because of stagger arrangement and tower wall occurs is provided with number row pipe manifolds 13 between the inwall of heating tube and unit tower, each arranges pipe manifold between two-layer heating tube.
Still referring to Fig. 1, the coal gas of being drawn by each unit tower carries out tar and captures through catching coke installation 9, sends respectively through catching the isolating water of coke installation, coal gas, tar, and part coal gas is introduced combustion chamber 1 and burnt.The coal grain is flowed through after each unit tower, goes out tower from the tower body bottom and is semicoke.
Concrete working process of the present invention is as follows: the brown coal below the particle diameter 30mm are sent in the tower by screw feeder from tower body top coal bunker.The coal grain from top to bottom in tower in the dropping process, densely covered heating tube contact-impact constantly and in the tower.Temperature is 500-800 ℃ in the tower, and flue-gas temperature is 800-1000 ℃ in the heating tube.Being heated of coal grain comes from several respects: Gu the gas-solid transmission of heat by convection in the hyperthermia radiation of heating tube heat and the flow process and solid-heat conduction, therefore, its temperature is able to rapid rising.In the coal grain dropping process, the residence time in the tower is huge to its destructive distillation degree influence, and among the present invention, the falling velocity of coal grain is controlled by three links: the one, and design heating tube stagger arrangement decoration form, guarantee in the coal grain decline process constantly and it bumps, block it and hurtle down; The 2nd, by controlling the amount of drawing of each unit gas valve, can effectively control the velocity of flow that air-flow makes progress in the tower; The 3rd, in each destructive distillation tower body bottom an independent air locking device is set, the coal grain drops on the air locking device and is temporarily blocked, and the time that makes the coal grain stop in tower body is significantly prolonged, and it is more thorough that retort process is carried out.Can guarantee like this destructive distillation coal at dwell time in the tower at several minutes to adjustable between dozens of minutes.For preventing that a large amount of coal grains from causing tube wall worn out with excessive speed bump heating tube, before the coal grain strikes first row's heating tube, 3-8 row wearing-resistant tile is installed, to reduce coal grain speed, reduce the degree of wear of heating tube.After the wearing-resistant tile retardance, the lowering speed of coal grain reduces greatly, and the wearing and tearing of back heating tube almost can not considered.After producing for some time, only need to change wearing-resistant tile and need not change heating tube, make equipment be easy to safeguard.Consider between the heating tube of close inner wall of tower and the inner wall of tower face that thermal expansion all can leave certain space.Be " gas short circuit " phenomenon of avoiding this space because of heating tube and inner wall of tower face to occur, be provided with the plurality of rows pipe manifold, this pipe manifold can be led back to tower inside again effectively with being slipped to the coal grain of limit wall, guarantees its heat-transfer effect and enough fall times.Along with the carrying out of retort process, continuous accumulative fugitive constituent needs the path and draws, and the coal gas fairlead is all established in this every layer of unit of upgrading tower, establishes gas valve on the fairlead, to control the coal gas amount of drawing from every layer of unit tower.Gas valve plays two effects: the one, and the interior coal gas of may command tower is mobile speed from bottom to top; The 2nd, draw coal gas from different units, be equivalent to difference to some extent of pyrogenous time of brown coal, thereby can adjust the composition of drawing coal gas as required.Pool together after all unit coal gas are drawn, catch the defocused tar that obtains through catching coke installation.Part coal gas draws go back to the combustion chamber, and for burning usefulness, residual gas can advance the gas chamber storage or he uses.In each unit tower bottom an independent air locking device is set, the effect of air locking device mainly contains two: 1, prolong the destructive distillation time.The coal grain drops on the air locking device, enters next casing after the mixing and continues destructive distillation, makes the coal grain of different dry boiling range degree be able to abundant contact on the one hand, utilizes the temperature difference between the different coal grains, and directly contact is able to further fully destructive distillation; On the other hand, the coal grain drops to the time that makes the coal grain stop on the air locking device and is significantly prolonged in tower body, and it is more thorough that retort process is carried out; 2, keep dry distillation gas purity.Field apparatus is to finish by the connection of several modularization tower bodies, what be positioned at that topmost separates out near the unit tower of cat head coal bunker mainly is moisture, separation by air locking device, the fugitive constituent that the moisture of separating out and several unit tower retort processes of lower floor can be separated out is separated, the purity that has kept dry distillation gas, the load, the reduction facility investment that have alleviated subsequent condensation equipment.
Claims (5)
1. one kind large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower, it is characterized in that, it comprises tower body, combustion chamber (1), coal bunker (7) and screw feeder (6), described coal bunker and screw feeder are positioned at the tower body top, the tower body bottom is provided with semicoke outlet (3), described tower body is made up of the unit tower (5) that several vertical laminations are provided with, uniform board (10) from top to bottom is set in each unit tower, wearing-resistant tile (11), heating tube (12), the high-temperature flue gas of being sent by the combustion chamber is through S form height temperature flue (2), enter the heating tube in each unit tower from bottom to top successively, each unit tower is provided with the gas fairlead, establish gas valve (8) on the fairlead, the unit tower that is positioned at topmost is provided with smoke-uptake (14).
2. large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: heating tube (12) the layering setting in described each unit tower (5), the stagger arrangement of each layer heating tube is arranged, the heating tube diameter is 10-100mm, transverse pitch is 10-200mm between each heating tube, and longitudinal pitch is 10-300mm.
3. large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described each unit tower bottom is provided with air locking device (4).
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described large-scale low order brown coal upgrading towers, it is characterized in that: be provided with number row pipe manifold (13) between the inwall of described heating tube and unit tower, each arranges pipe manifold between two-layer heating tube.
5. large-scale low order brown coal upgrading tower according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described wearing-resistant tile (11) is provided with the 3-8 layer, and the stagger arrangement of each layer wearing-resistant tile is arranged.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110102342.0A CN102199437B (en) | 2011-04-23 | 2011-04-23 | Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower |
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| CN201110102342.0A CN102199437B (en) | 2011-04-23 | 2011-04-23 | Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower |
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| CN102199437B CN102199437B (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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| CN102517056A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-27 | 黄冈市中洲安达热工设备有限公司 | Self-supplied heat source type of brown coal drying destructive distillation upgrading technology and equipment |
| CN102796568A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-11-28 | 刘宗礼 | Device and technology for producing blau-gas and carbon monoxide |
| CN103937521A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-23 | 赵新大 | External heating vertical overturn dumping pyrolyzing furnace |
| CN104178192A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-03 | 千秋能源（上海）有限公司 | Lignite upgrading treatment combination mechanism |
| CN104178191A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-03 | 千秋能源（上海）有限公司 | Lignite upgrading treatment system |
| CN104178190A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-03 | 千秋能源（上海）有限公司 | Quality-improving treatment device for brown coal |
| CN105112082A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-12-02 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis device and pyrolysis equipment of coal |
| CN107880911A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-06 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | A kind of heat accumulating type fast pyrogenation stove of subregion radiation proof pipe abrasion |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102517056A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-27 | 黄冈市中洲安达热工设备有限公司 | Self-supplied heat source type of brown coal drying destructive distillation upgrading technology and equipment |
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| CN102796568A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-11-28 | 刘宗礼 | Device and technology for producing blau-gas and carbon monoxide |
| CN103937521A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-23 | 赵新大 | External heating vertical overturn dumping pyrolyzing furnace |
| CN104178192A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-03 | 千秋能源（上海）有限公司 | Lignite upgrading treatment combination mechanism |
| CN104178191A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-03 | 千秋能源（上海）有限公司 | Lignite upgrading treatment system |
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| CN105112082A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-12-02 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis device and pyrolysis equipment of coal |
| CN105112082B (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2019-08-16 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis device and pyrolysis equipment of coal |
| CN107880911A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-06 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | A kind of heat accumulating type fast pyrogenation stove of subregion radiation proof pipe abrasion |
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