CN102180751B - Special anti-disease controlled-release fertilizer for Yunnan flue-cured tobacco, and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Special anti-disease controlled-release fertilizer for Yunnan flue-cured tobacco, and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102180751B CN102180751B CN2011100403545A CN201110040354A CN102180751B CN 102180751 B CN102180751 B CN 102180751B CN 2011100403545 A CN2011100403545 A CN 2011100403545A CN 201110040354 A CN201110040354 A CN 201110040354A CN 102180751 B CN102180751 B CN 102180751B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special anti-disease controlled-release fertilizer for Yunnan flue-cured tobacco, and preparation and application thereof. The special controlled-release fertilizer for Yunnan flue-cured tobacco is prepared by evenly mixing humic acid coated urea, sulfur/high polymer coated urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate which are used as main materials, with phosethyl-Al preparation, metalaxyl preparation and ethylicin preparation which are used as auxiliary materials. The special anti-disease controlled-release fertilizer for Yunnan flue-cured tobacco is suitable for the soil conditions in Yunnan flue-cured tobacco producing areas in the aspects of nutrient proportion and nutrient release, and is used for preventing and treating tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the particularly a kind of Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer of preventing and treating soil-borne disease and preparation method thereof and application belong to release and release control fertilizer production and applied technical field.
Background technology
Yunnan is China cigarette industry big producing province, and the tobacco planting area accounts for more than 1/3rd of the whole nation.Quality of tobacco is except that the influence that receives factors such as kind, weather, baking technology, and soil nutrient is supplied with and coordinated also is very important basis, and the supply of soil nutrient directly affects growing of cigarette strain.Fully understanding on the basis of the rich scarce situation of soil nutrient, through optimizing fertilizer formula, soil nutrient supply and tobacco plant nutrition law of development are matched, just can produce sound tobacco.
The Yunnan tobacco-growing soil is mostly neutral or slightly acidic red soil, yellow earth, rice soil etc.Wherein, red soil accounts for about 1/2, and yellow earth accounts for 20%.The nitrogen of Yunnan Tobacco Planting Area, phosphorus, potassium MAIN SOILS nutrient are quick-acting nitrogen 50～80mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 5～25mg/kg, available potassium 70～120mg/kg.
At present, disease is a War Torn sexual factor that threatens tobacco to produce.There was tobacco diseases report in Yunnan Province in 1987, but harm is lighter always.In recent years, the Yunnan Tobacco Planting Area disease is fast rise trend, and local plot sickness rate reaches more than 80%, can make full field tobacco withered when serious.Wherein, tobacco bacterial wilt and balck shank are to plant two types of diseases that the cigarette area generally takes place, and these two types of germs mainly are present in the soil, infect the cigarette seedling through root system after planting cigarette.Medication again when common prevention and treatment method is morbidity, but caused certain harm this moment.
Controlled release fertilizer has once and is manured into soil, and needn't topdress, and reduces the advantage of peasant's labour intensity and fertilizer loss, is the direction that tobacco is applied fertilizer.CN 1309687C (200510044541.2) discloses the special-purpose control-release fertilizer that grows tobacco, and it is KNO that its components in weight percentage is formed
322%～27%, (NH
4)
2HPO
413%～16%, K
2SO
430%～35%, (NH
4)
2SO
41%～3%, normal superphosphate 6%～9%, fertilizer 8%～12%, tamanori 4%～8%.CN100448807C (200710115273.0) relates to the special-purpose control-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof that grows tobacco, and component is composite makes with 4% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping saltpetre, 5% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping saltpetre, sulfur coating composite fertilizer, 5% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, diammonium phosphate etc.
Above-mentioned two the grow tobacco releasing rule and the tobaccos of dedicated release-controlled fertilizer nutrient are consistent to nutrient absorbing rule, and disposable concentrating applies in the plantation ditch when tobacco is transplanted, and needn't go again and topdress, and root system do not had injury, the utilization rate of fertilizer height.But their weak point is: the one, and the nutrient proportioning is that the nutrition absorption that is directed against tobacco designs, and does not consider the soil nutrient difference of different areas; Secondly, do not have prophylaxis effect.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of nutrient proportioning to be fit to Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco and plants regional soil nutrient status, has a flue-cured tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof of the soil-borne disease of preventing and treating simultaneously.The present invention provides the application method of said Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
The present invention is according to flue-cured tobacco growth and law of nutritive absorption; Plant regional soil nutrient status in conjunction with Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco; It is accurately composite to utilize different controlled release fertilizer to carry out as raw material, and works in coordination with granular pesticide, forms the Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer with control flue-cured tobacco bacterial wilt and balck shank.
Term explanation: flue-cured tobacco, annual herb, Solanaceae.One type of tobacco is the maximum tobacco type of China's cultivated area, and tobacco leaf is the main raw material of cigarette industry.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
Disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer, it is following that raw material is formed mass parts:
Said humic acid membrane wrapping urea is spray one layer binder outside granular urea, sprays the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of one deck again, solidifies the back and repeats said process, accounts for 1% of granular urea quality until reaching sticker, and weathered coal accounts for 5% of granular urea quality.Preferably, to be epoxy resin and triethylene tetramine be mixed and made into by 1: 0.10～0.12 mass ratio said sticker.
Humic acid membrane wrapping urea is the commercially available prod; Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd. is on sale; Also can be by patent document CN100556866C (200810139610.4) disclosed " a kind of humic acid control-releasing fertilizer and preparation method thereof " preparation, the present invention quotes the full text of this patent document as prior art.
It is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea that said sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, and spraying inner cladding sulphur film sprays the surrounding layer polymer membrane again and makes earlier.Wherein, it is 18%～22% that the sulphur film accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, and the mass percent that polymer membrane accounts for nuclear core fertilizer is 1.5%～2.5%.Preferably, high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes.The preparation method is referring to CN1246265C (200410024050.X) " is the preparation method of the high polymer film-coated controlled release fertilizer of undercoat with sulphur ", and the present invention quotes the full text of this patent document as prior art.The preferred granular urea of urea, 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters.It is the commercially available prod that said sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide raw material, and Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd. is on sale, carries out composite after can directly buying.
Above-mentioned ethyl phosphine aluminium porcelain enamelling is: 40wt% ethyl phosphine aluminium wettable powder and careless carbon mix by 1: 5 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1～2wt%, and granulation, oven dry make.
Above-mentioned metaxanin preparation: 25wt% metaxanin wettable powder and careless carbon mix by 1: 10 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1～2%wt, and granulation, oven dry make.
Above-mentioned ethylicin preparation is: 19.8wt% dislikes the former powder of mould ethylicin and careless carbon and mixes by 1: 2.5 mass ratio, moves into granulating disc, sprays the CMC 99.5 of 1～2%wt, and granulation, oven dry make.
Disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer of the present invention, it is following that preferred raw material is formed mass parts:
According to the present invention, preferred, ethyl phosphine aluminium porcelain enamelling, metaxanin preparation, ethylicin preparation particle diameter are 2～4 millimeters.
According to the present invention, the preparation method of said disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer is: above-mentioned each raw material is put into stirrer together in the ratio in the prescription stirred 5～8 minutes, fully mixing.Further, with the fertilizer that mixes send into metering, wrapping machine measures, packs.
According to the present invention, the application of said disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer is used for area, Yunnan tobacco planting, when nutrient proportioning, nutrient discharge suitable Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco producing region edaphic condition, also can be used for the control of black shank and bacterial wilt.
Ethyl phosphine aluminium porcelain enamelling, metaxanin preparation in the fertilizer formula are used to prevent and treat balck shank; The ethylicin preparation is used to prevent and treat bacterial wilt.
According to the present invention, the application of said flue-cured tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer, fertilizing method is following:
Before the tobacco survival after transplant, fertilizer is imposed in the field planting ditch, fertilization depth is fertilizer 3～5 centimeters below field planting ditch bottom of trench; According to above-mentioned fertilizing method, the dose of said flue-cured tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer is: folding synthetic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient, every mu of consumption 20kg～40kg; Perhaps use generalization fertilizer nutrient amount and do reference, use by 70～80wt% of common fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of amount of nutrients of potassium with local peasant.
Excellent results of the present invention is following:
1. the nutrient proportioning is fit to Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco producing region soil nutrient status
The Yunnan tobacco-growing soil is main with rice soil, volcanic ash soil, yellow earth, red soil, and soil pH value is lower, and iron oxide content is high; Be prone to make nutritive element phosphorus validity to reduce; Simultaneously, because these soil weathering effects are strong, the base cation leaching is strong; The effective potassium content of soil is few, and these conditions all can be used as the reference of fertilizer formula design.Disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer of the present invention accurately disposes according to area, Yunnan soil nutrient characteristics just and forms, and is fit to flue-cured tobacco high yield needs more.
2. fertilizer releasing period is fit to Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco absorption requirement
Fertilizer releasing period and rate of release dependent on soil temperature and the moisture condition of controlled release fertilizer in soil.Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer of the present invention is that fertilizer releasing period and release rate are fit to flue-cured tobacco and absorb requirement according to the Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco producing region soil moisture and composite the forming of moisture condition design.
3. protection effect is good
Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco is owing to plant the prolongation of the time limit, and disease is on the rise.Utilize medicine liquid irrigation root or sprinkling when the ordinary method in the production is morbidity, but caused certain harm.Medicament in the special-purpose control-release fertilizer of the present invention is selected for use the good various medicaments of the main disease-controlling effect of flue-cured tobacco, directly applies main root district with fertilizer, practices thrift manual work, avoids the destruction to root system of plant, invades root system and has good action preventing germ.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 0～20 centimetre of soil nutrient figure in Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco producing region, and X-coordinate is the nutrient kind, and ordinate zou is a nutrient content (unit: mg/kg).
Fig. 2 is that embodiment 2 flue-cured tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer nitrogens of the present invention discharge and flue-cured tobacco Nitrogen Absorption graphic representation; Thick line is the fertile nitrogen nutrient releasing rule of a controlled release line; Fine rule is the nitrogen nutrient absorbing rule curve of flue-cured tobacco; X-coordinate is the time behind the flue-cured tobacco transplanting, and ordinate zou is a nitrogen nutrient quantity (unit: kg/ mu).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified, but be not limited thereto.Per-cent among the embodiment is mass percent.Clearly do not limit among the embodiment all by prior art, the method that provides like CN100556866C (200810139610.4), CN1246265C (200410024050.X).The raw material explanation is as follows among the embodiment:
40wt% ethyl phosphine aluminium wettable powder, agricultural chemicals limited-liability company in Shandong produces; 25wt% metaxanin wettable powder, Nanjing He Yuan chemistry ltd produces; 19.8wt% dislikes the former powder of mould ethylicin, and Nanyang, Henan Wolong insecticide factory produces.Weathered coal: produce in surface mines coal works, Ningwu County, Shanxi Province, and organic content 60.2wt% wherein is the regeneration humic acids more than the 90wt%.
Embodiment 1:
Disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer, composition of raw materials is following:
The preparation method is following:
1. the preparation of humic acid membrane wrapping urea:
10kg epoxy resin and 1.1kg triethylene tetramine are mixed, and it is subsequent use to be mixed with sticker.
The urea 100kg that gets 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters is as nuclear core fertilizer; In rotary drum, be preheated to 65 ℃～70 ℃; Spray above-mentioned sticker 0.5kg to the fertiliser granulates that rotates, spray the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of 2.5kg again, solidify the back and repeat said process 1 time; Reach sticker and account for 1% of nuclear core fertilizer quality, weathered coal accounts for 5% of nuclear core fertilizer quality.
2, sulphur adds the preparation of high molecular polymer coated carbamide:
Novolac epoxy 9kg and triethylene tetramine 1kg are mixed, be mixed with high polymer film-coated dose.
The granular urea 100kg that takes by weighing 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters is as nuclear core fertilizer; Wrap one deck sulphur earlier by prior art; The sulphur mould material accounts for 20% of nuclear core fertilizer quality, wraps high polymer film-coated dose that one deck is prepared again, and high polymer film-coated dose accounts for 2% of nuclear core fertilizer quality.Get sulphur and add the high molecular polymer coated carbamide.
3, the preparation of ethyl phosphine aluminium porcelain enamelling: 40wt% ethyl phosphine aluminium wettable powder and careless carbon mix by 1: 5 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1.5wt%, and granulation, oven dry make.
4, the preparation of metaxanin preparation: 25wt% metaxanin wettable powder and careless carbon mix by 1: 10 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1.5%wt, and granulation, oven dry make.
5, the preparation of ethylicin preparation: 19.8wt% dislikes the former powder of mould ethylicin and careless carbon and mixes by 1: 2.5 mass ratio, moves into granulating disc, sprays the CMC 99.5 of 1.5%wt, and granulation, oven dry make.
6, each raw material in will filling a prescription is put into stirrer in proportion together and was stirred 6 minutes, abundant mixing, with the fertilizer that mixes send into metering, wrapping machine measures, packs.
Embodiment 2: disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer, and composition of raw materials is following:
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer, and composition of raw materials is following:
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer, and composition of raw materials is following:
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples:
Universal tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer, Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd., product type YC 13-12-26.
The effect of above embodiment 1～4 and Comparative Examples is following:
Test place: Yunnan Province's Baoshan City.
Test period: year August in April, 2010 to 2010.
Supply the examination flue-cured tobacco cultivars: cloud and mist 85.
Comparative Examples is identical with the total consumption of embodiment 1-4 fertilizer nutrient, uses 30 kilograms for every mu.Comparative Examples is identical with the embodiment fertilizing method, before the tobacco survival after transplant, fertilizer is all imposed in the field planting ditch, and fertilization depth is a fertilizer in bottom of trench subordinate side 4 centimetres.Effect is seen table 1.
Table 1 compares effect with Comparative Examples
Claims (5)
1. disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer, it is following to it is characterized in that raw material is formed mass parts:
Said humic acid membrane wrapping urea is spray one layer binder outside granular urea, sprays the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of one deck again, solidifies the back and repeats said process, accounts for 1% of granular urea quality until reaching sticker, and weathered coal accounts for 5% of granular urea quality; Said sticker be epoxy resin and triethylene tetramine by 1: the mass ratio of 0.10-0.12 is mixed and made into;
It is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea that said sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, and spraying inner cladding sulphur film sprays the surrounding layer polymer membrane again and makes earlier; Wherein, it is 18%～22% that the sulphur film accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, and the mass percent that polymer membrane accounts for nuclear core fertilizer is 1.5%～2.5%; High polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes;
Said ethyl phosphine aluminium porcelain enamelling is: 40wt% ethyl phosphine aluminium wettable powder and careless carbon mix by 1: 5 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1～2wt%, and granulation, oven dry make;
Said metaxanin preparation: 25wt% metaxanin wettable powder and careless carbon mix by 1: 10 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1～2%wt, and granulation, oven dry make;
Said ethylicin preparation is: 19.8wt% dislikes the former powder of mould ethylicin and careless carbon and mixes by 1: 2.5 mass ratio, moves into granulating disc, sprays the CMC 99.5 of 1～2%wt, and granulation, oven dry make.
2. Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is following to it is characterized in that raw material is formed mass parts:
3. the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizers puts into stirrer with said each raw material together in the ratio in the prescription and stirred 5～8 minutes, fully mixing.
4. the application of claim 1 or 2 described disease preventing type Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizers, fertilizing method is following:
Before the flue-cured tobacco transplanting field planting fertilizer is imposed in the field planting ditch, fertilization depth is fertilizer 3～5 centimeters below field planting ditch bottom of trench.
5. application as claimed in claim 4, the dose of said flue-cured tobacco special-purpose control-release fertilizer is folding synthetic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient, every mu of consumption 20kg～40kg.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102863291B (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-03-11 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Flue-cured tobacco slow release fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN106588153A (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2017-04-26 | 钦州市星火计划办公室 | Anti-disease peanut fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106856948B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2020-08-11 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Field planting method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt |
| CN107141075A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-08 | 郑州惠农有害生物防治有限公司 | A kind of tobacco leaf falls yellow Synergistic compound mixture and its application method |
| CN112159282A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-01 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Blended controlled-release fertilizer for cured tobaccos in the southwest of Ebei and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1356293A (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2002-07-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司巴陵分公司 | Fertilizer especially for tobacco and its preparing process |
| CN1381430A (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2002-11-27 | 刘绍臣 | Antibacterial composite fertilizer and its application |
| CN1887826A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2007-01-03 | 常德卷烟厂 | Slow released tobacco fertilizer and its production process |
| CN101205152A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2008-06-25 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Sulfur, special control-release fertilizer for resin coated tobacco and preparation thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-02-18 CN CN2011100403545A patent/CN102180751B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1356293A (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2002-07-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司巴陵分公司 | Fertilizer especially for tobacco and its preparing process |
| CN1381430A (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2002-11-27 | 刘绍臣 | Antibacterial composite fertilizer and its application |
| CN1887826A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2007-01-03 | 常德卷烟厂 | Slow released tobacco fertilizer and its production process |
| CN101205152A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2008-06-25 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Sulfur, special control-release fertilizer for resin coated tobacco and preparation thereof |
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