CN102180087B - Hybrid power system with vehicle-mounted fuel cells and lithium cells in direct parallel connection - Google Patents
Hybrid power system with vehicle-mounted fuel cells and lithium cells in direct parallel connection Download PDFInfo
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- CN102180087B CN102180087B CN2011100941656A CN201110094165A CN102180087B CN 102180087 B CN102180087 B CN 102180087B CN 2011100941656 A CN2011100941656 A CN 2011100941656A CN 201110094165 A CN201110094165 A CN 201110094165A CN 102180087 B CN102180087 B CN 102180087B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid power system with vehicle-mounted fuel cells and lithium cells in direct parallel connection. An output end of a fuel cell generation device is connected with an input end of a motor controller through a first switch conductive device; an output end of a lithium cell pack is connected with the input end of the motor controller through a second switch conductive device; an output end of the motor controller is connected with a motor; and a system energy management controller is respectively connected with a fuel cell controller, a lithium cell management system, the motor controller, a control end of the first switch conductive device and a control end of the second switch conductive device and used for controlling the ON and OFF of the first switch conductive device and controlling the forward ON or the backward ON or OFF of the second switch conductive device according to information obtained by the fuel cell controller and the lithium cell management system. In the system, the traditional power supply mode requiring DC/DC (Direct Current/Direct Current) voltage stabilization is abandoned, the power supply efficiency is improved, the voltage fluctuation of the fuel cell generation device is shared by the lithium cell pack and the fuel cells protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hybrid power system of fuel cell powered vehicle, belong to fuel cell powered vehicle power system research and development field.
Background technology
Fuel cell powered vehicle has advantages such as energy-saving and environmental protection, efficient height, the noiseless that operates steadily, and becomes the focus of young mobile research and development.In recent years, the fuel cell powered vehicle technology has obtained great progress, yet still exists technical challenges in the fuel cell powered vehicle development process, integrated as fuel cells, improve commercialization electronlmobil fuel processor, optimize fuel cell powered vehicle power system etc.
The fuel cell powered vehicle power system is its item key that is different from other types vehicle (internal-combustion engines vehicle, storage battery pure electric automobile and oil electric mixed dynamic automobile).Using fuel cell system is the significant characteristics of fuel cell powered vehicle power system as propulsion source.And because the fuel cell of fuel cell system is not good enough at the aspect of performances such as dynamic response of peak power fan-out capability and power output, therefore often need some auxiliary energys come at aspects such as power output capacities to it in addition supplementary sum improve, these auxiliary energys comprise storage battery and super capacitor etc.The structure of the hybrid power system of being made up of fuel cell system and auxiliary energy and configuration must guarantee fuel cell powered vehicle power system good and economic, dynamic property and safety, guarantee the safety of fuel cell system especially.
Existing hybrid power system for automobile driven by fuel cell generally adopts fuel cell system and auxiliary energy parallel form indirectly, and auxiliary energy can be selected the combination of Ni-MH battery or lithium cell or storage battery and super capacitor.
Fig. 1 has showed the structure of the indirect parallel connection type hybrid power system of existing a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle.As shown in Figure 1, the fuel cell system of hybrid power system does not directly link to each other with drive motor, but is incorporated into the power networks with boosting battery by the DC/DC changer again.Fuel cell system is linked dc bus by the DC/DC changer, and the DC/DC changer carries out voltage stabilizing to the output voltage of fuel cell to be regulated, and according to the bus voltage of the power demand fuel metering battery output of motor.The DC/DC changer can be controlled fuel cell maximum current output and power simultaneously, plays the effect of protection fuel cell.In addition, cover power pulses, improve peak power, to improve the transient characteristic of fuel cell output power at the mouth of DC/DC boosting battery in parallel.Practice shows that in this scheme, the existence of DC/DC conv has reduced overall system efficiency, and in addition, there is certain injury in the high frequency chopping way to take power of DC/DC conv to fuel cell system.
Fig. 2 has showed the structure of the indirect parallel connection type hybrid power system of existing another fuel cell powered vehicle.As shown in Figure 2, the fuel cell system of hybrid power system directly and drive motor link, and boosting battery is incorporated into the power networks with fuel cell by the DC/DC changer again.Boosting battery is a main source of energy in this structure, energy is provided for the smooth operation of vehicle; Fuel cell is an auxiliary energy, charges to it when boosting battery does not need energy output.In this structure, DC/DC converter using constant pressure type energy distribution control policy, but by voltage control steady fuel battery system outgoing current, avoid fuel cell system the abominable situation of very big electric current to occur.Yet fuel cell system is output as with momentum, and like this, on the one hand fuel cell system can come to harm, and brings challenges for its control policy, and to the having relatively high expectations of DC/DC changer, cost of development is bigger on the other hand.
Because therefore the many disadvantages that the indirect parallel connection type hybrid power system of above-mentioned existing fuel cell powered vehicle exists is necessary to provide a kind of improved hybrid power system for automobile driven by fuel cell.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of a kind of on-vehicle fuel and lithium cell, can avoid the DC/DC changer causes in the existing indirect parallel connection type hybrid power system structure of fuel cell powered vehicle reduction system effectiveness, increase the control policy difficulty, fuel cell itself is brought injury, and the problem that increases the cost of exploitation high power D C/DC changer.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of on-vehicle fuel and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell, comprises fuel cell power generating system, obtains lithium battery management system, the first switches conductive device, second switch electric installation and the system capacity Management Controller of voltage, electric current, the pressure of fuel cell power generating system, fuel cell controller, the lithium cell group of temperature information, the SOC value of obtaining the lithium cell group, voltage, current information; A mouth of fuel cell power generating system connects an end of the first switches conductive device, a mouth of lithium cell group connects an end of second switch electric installation, the other end of the other end of the first switches conductive device, second switch electric installation is applicable to an input end that connects electric machine controller, another mouth of fuel cell power generating system, another mouth of lithium cell group are applicable to another input end that connects electric machine controller, and wherein two of electric machine controller mouths connect motor; The system capacity Management Controller connects the control end of the first switches conductive device, control end, fuel cell controller, lithium battery management system and the electric machine controller of second switch electric installation respectively, is used for the information Control first switches conductive device conducting or disconnection and control second switch electric installation forward conduction or reverse-conducting or disconnection that fuel cell controller and lithium battery management system obtain.
Compared with prior art, on-vehicle fuel of the present invention is taked directly power system structure in parallel of fuel cell power generating system and lithium cell group with the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell, fuel cell power generating system and lithium cell group are directly parallel on the dc bus, together to motor and other car load power devices, green phase answers first electric installation and second electric installation to control, native system does not have the DC/DC changer, eliminated the problem that the DC/DC conversion links is brought, abandoned traditional indirect paralleling model that needs the DC/DC voltage stabilizing, thereby the reduction system effectiveness of having avoided the DC/DC changer to cause, increase the control policy difficulty, fuel cell itself is brought injury, and the problem that increases the cost of exploitation high power D C/DC changer.
In one embodiment of the invention, described system also comprises heavy-duty diode, the other end of the first switches conductive device is connected with an input end of electric machine controller by described heavy-duty diode, wherein, the anode of heavy-duty diode is connected with the other end of the first switches conductive device, and negative electrode connects an input end of electric machine controller.
As shown from the above technical solution, fuel cell power generating system links to each other with load by heavy-duty diode, can guarantee that external high pressure can not put on fuel cell pile, thereby the protection fuel cell power generating system is not subjected to the damage of recoil energy.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described system also comprises super capacitor, and an end of described super capacitor connects the other end of the first switches conductive device, and the other end connects another mouth of fuel cell power generating system.
As shown from the above technical solution, when the system capacity Management Controller is controlled the first switches conductive device conducting or disconnection and second switch electric installation forward conduction or reverse-conducting or is disconnected, the moment compensated waving that ultracapacitor can switch.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described system also comprises first driver element and second driver element, the system capacity Management Controller connects the control end of the first switches conductive device by described first driver element, connects the control end of second switch electric installation by described second driver element.
As shown from the above technical solution, first driver element can send the conducting of the control first switches conductive device and the power-handling capability of open circuited control signal by enhanced system energy management controller.Similarly, the power-handling capability of the control signal that can enhanced system energy management controller sends of second driver element.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the first switches conductive device is made of a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor or a high-voltage relay constitutes.
In an embodiment more of the present invention, second switch electric installation S2 is in parallel by a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor and a heavy-duty diode and forms, or be in parallel by a high-voltage relay and a heavy-duty diode and form, or be in parallel by a high-voltage relay and a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor and form.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described system capacity Management Controller comprises:
Ignition signal receives processing unit, be used for when the ignition signal that receives from chaufeur, to the open circuited control signal of the first switches conductive device output control first switches conductive device, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting;
Log-on message receives processing unit, be used for when getting access to the log-on message of fuel cell power generating system by fuel cell controller, to the control signal of first switches conductive device output control, the first switches conductive device forward conduction, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting;
Brake signal receives processing unit, be used for when the brake signal that receives from chaufeur, to the open circuited control signal of the first switches conductive device output control first switches conductive device, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation forward conduction;
Throttle signal receives processing unit, be used for when the throttle signal that receives from chaufeur, to the control signal of first switches conductive device output control, the first switches conductive device forward conduction, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting.
As shown from the above technical solution, in vehicle launch, the lithium cell group provides energy to motor; After fuel cell power generating system started, fuel cell power generating system provided energy with the lithium cell group to motor; When quickening or climb, the lithium cell group can be served as the role of main source of energy in beginning short time period, provide energy to motor, makes the horsepower output of fuel cell power generating system be unlikely to sudden change, thus the protection fuel cell power generating system; Sliding or during braking mode, do not needing fuel cell power generating system and lithium cell group to provide energy to motor.
In an embodiment more of the present invention, described system capacity Management Controller also comprises:
Work state information receives processing unit, the work state information that is used for the fuel cell power generating system that obtains by fuel cell controller, when the work of judging is failure message, to the open circuited control signal of the first switches conductive device output control first switches conductive device, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting.
As shown from the above technical solution; when fuel cell power generating system breaks down; the work state information of system capacity Management Controller receives processing unit can control the disconnection of the first switches conductive device; thereby protection fuel cell power generating system; this moment, the lithium cell group provided energy to motor, guaranteed the motor normal operation.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described system capacity Management Controller also comprises:
Lithium cell group SOC value receives processing unit, be used for getting access to the SOC value of lithium cell group by lithium battery management system, whether the SOC value of judging the lithium cell group less than default restriction lower limit, less than the time to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation forward conduction; When being not less than, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting.
As shown from the above technical solution, the lithium cell group SOC value of system capacity Management Controller receives the SOC value of processing unit real-time judge lithium cell group, and then control second switch electric installation, with keep lithium cell group SOC dynamical equilibrium in certain among a small circle in, dwindle lithium cell characteristic dispersion, prolong the service life of lithium cell group.
In an embodiment more of the present invention, described system capacity Management Controller also comprises:
Voltage receives processing unit, be used for getting access to the information of voltage of fuel cell power generating system and getting access to the information of voltage of lithium cell group by lithium battery management system by fuel cell controller, when the voltage of fuel cell power generating system is higher than the voltage of lithium cell group, to the control signal of first switches conductive device output control, the first switches conductive device conducting, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation forward conduction; When the voltage of fuel cell power generating system is lower than the voltage of lithium cell group, to the open circuited control signal of the first switches conductive device output control first switches conductive device, control signal to second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting, when the information of voltage that gets access to fuel cell power generating system by fuel cell controller is higher than the voltage of operation point, to the control signal of first switches conductive device output control, the first switches conductive device conducting, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation forward conduction.
As shown from the above technical solution, the voltage of system capacity Management Controller receives processing unit directly by disposing the voltage and the horsepower output specification of fuel cell power generating system and lithium cell group, reach the rational Match of the two horsepower output, output voltage, outgoing current, improved power supplying efficiency.Utilize soft and the characteristic that the lithium cell output characteristic is hard relatively partially of output characteristic of fuel cell simultaneously; bear most of output-power fluctuation by control realization lithium cell; reduce the voltage fluctuation on the fuel cell, thereby protected fuel cell, prolonged fuel cell service life.
By following description also in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is more clear that the present invention will become, and these accompanying drawings are used to explain embodiments of the invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the indirect parallel connection type hybrid power system of existing a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the indirect parallel connection type hybrid power system of existing another kind of fuel cell powered vehicle.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of on-vehicle fuel of the present invention and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell.
Fig. 3 a is the detailed block diagram of system capacity Management Controller in on-vehicle fuel shown in Figure 3 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell.
Fig. 4 a-4c is the constructional drawing of second switch electric installation in on-vehicle fuel shown in Figure 3 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell.
Fig. 5 is fuel cell and a lithium cell operation point match map in on-vehicle fuel shown in Figure 3 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell.
The specific embodiment
With reference now to accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the present invention, the similar elements label is represented similar elements in the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 3, fuel cell powered vehicle on-vehicle fuel of the present invention and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell comprise fuel cell power generating system 110, fuel cell controller 120, lithium cell group 130, lithium battery management system 140, the first switches conductive device 150, first driver element 160, second switch electric installation 170, second driver element 180, system capacity Management Controller 190 heavy-duty diodes 310, super capacitor 320.
The generating set on the fuel cell controller 120 control fuel cell power generating systems 110 and the work of auxiliary generating plant, voltage, electric current, pressure, the temperature information of detection fuel cell power generating system 110.
Lithium battery management system 140 detects SOC value, voltage, the current information of lithium cell group 130.
A mouth of fuel cell power generating system 110 connects an end of the first switches conductive device 150, the other end of the first switches conductive device 150 connects the anode of heavy-duty diode 310 and an end of super capacitor 320, and the other end of super capacitor 320 connects another mouth of fuel cell power generating system 110.
A mouth of lithium cell group 130 connects an end of second switch electric installation 170, and the other end of second switch electric installation 170 connects the negative electrode of heavy-duty diode 310.
The other end of the negative electrode of heavy-duty diode 310 and second switch electric installation 170 is applicable to an input end that is connected electric machine controller 210, another mouth of the other end of super capacitor 320, fuel cell power generating system 110 is connected another input end of electric machine controller 210 with another mouth of lithium cell group 130, two mouths of electric machine controller 210 connect motor 220.
System capacity Management Controller 190 connects the input end of first driver element 160, input end and fuel cell controller 120, lithium battery management system 140 and the electric machine controller 210 of second driver element 180.The mouth of first driver element 160 connects the control end of the first switches conductive device 150, and the mouth of second driver element 180 connects the control end of second switch electric installation 170.Wherein system capacity Management Controller 190 carries out communication (as shown in phantom in Figure 1) with fuel cell controller 120, lithium battery management system 140, electric machine controller 210 by the CAN bus.The tach signal that system capacity Management Controller 190 is sent back to by CAN bus reception electric machine controller 210 obtains the power demand of motor, in addition can be according to the torque demand signal of Das Gaspedal and brake pedal signal output motor.
As Fig. 3 a, described system capacity Management Controller 190 comprises:
Ignition signal receives processing unit 191, be connected with the input end of first driver element 160 and the input end of second driver element 180, be used for when the ignition signal that receives from chaufeur, to first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 open circuited control signals, to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 reverse-conductings;
Log-on message receives processing unit 192, be connected with the input end of fuel cell controller 120, first driver element 160 and the input end of second driver element 180, be used for when getting access to the log-on message of fuel cell power generating system 110 by fuel cell controller 120, to the control signal of first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 conductings, to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 reverse-conductings;
Brake signal receives processing unit 193, be connected with the input end of first driver element 160 and the input end of second driver element 180, be used for when the brake signal that receives from chaufeur, to first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 open circuited control signals, to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 forward conductions;
Throttle signal receives processing unit 194, be connected with the input end of first driver element 160 and the input end of second driver element 180, be used for when the throttle signal that receives from chaufeur, to the control signal of first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 conductings, to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 reverse-conductings;
Work state information receives processing unit 195, be connected with the input end of fuel cell controller 120, first driver element 160 and the input end of second driver element 180, be used for obtaining the work state information of fuel cell power generating system by fuel cell controller 120, when judging mode of operation and be failure message (pressure is excessive or temperature is too high), to first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 open circuited control signals, to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 reverse-conductings;
Lithium cell group SOC value receives processing unit 196, be connected with the input end of lithium battery management system 140 with second driver element 180, be used for getting access to the SOC value of lithium cell group 130 by lithium battery management system 140, whether the SOC value of judging lithium cell group 130 less than default restriction lower limit, less than the time to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 forward conductions; When being not less than, to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 reverse-conductings;
Voltage receives processing unit 197, with fuel cell controller 120, lithium battery management system 140, the input end of first driver element 160 is connected with the input end of second driver element 180, be used for obtaining the information of voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 and obtaining the information of voltage of lithium cell group 130 by lithium battery management system 140 by fuel cell controller 120, when the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 is higher than the voltage of lithium cell group 130, to the control signal of first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 conductings, to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 forward conductions; When the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 is lower than the voltage of lithium cell group 130, to first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 open circuited control signals, control signal to second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 reverse-conductings, when the information of voltage that gets access to fuel cell power generating system 110 by fuel cell controller 120 is higher than the voltage of operation point, to the control signal of first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 conductings, to the control signal of second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 forward conductions.
The following describes the principle of work of hybrid power system of the present invention.Need to prove that at first the conducting direction of the first switches conductive device 150 is identical with I1 arrow among Fig. 3, the forward conduction direction of second switch electric installation 170 is identical with I2 arrow among Fig. 3, and the reverse-conducting direction of second switch electric installation 170 is opposite with I2 arrow among Fig. 3.
At the beginning of system's starting, the ignition signal reception processing unit 191 of system capacity Management Controller 190 receives the ignition signal from chaufeur, and ignition signal receives processing unit 191 and exports the control signal 2 of controlling second switch electric installations 170 reverse-conductings to first driver element, the 160 output control first switches conductive device, 150 open circuited control signals 1 and to second driver element 180.First driver element 160 strengthens control signal 1, the first switches conductive device 150 and receives control signal 1 back disconnection.Second driver element 180 strengthens control signal 2, and second switch electric installation 170 receives control signal 2 back reverse-conductings, and this moment, lithium cell group 130 was powered to electric machine controller 210, waits for that fuel cell power generating system 110 starts.
After fuel cell power generating system 110 starts successfully, fuel cell controller 120 gets access to the startup successful information of fuel cell power generating system, the log-on message that the fuel cell power generating system log-on message is sent to system capacity Management Controller 190 receives processing unit 192, and log-on message receives processing unit 192 and exports the control signal 1 of controlling the first switches conductive device, 150 forward conductions and control signal 2 from control second switch electric installations 170 reverse-conductings to second driver element 180 that export to first driver element 160.Control signal 1 is after first driver element 160 strengthens, and the first switches conductive device, 150 forward conductions, fuel cell power generating system 110 give electric machine controller 210 power supplies.Control signal 2 after second driver element 180 strengthens, second switch electric installation 170 reverse-conductings, lithium cell group 130 gives electric machine controller 210 power supplies.
When being in, slides or braking mode by vehicle, the brake signal reception processing unit 193 of system capacity Management Controller 190 receives the brake signal from chaufeur, and brake signal receives processing unit 193 and exports the control signal 2 of controlling second switch electric installations 170 forward conductions to first driver element, the 160 output control first switches conductive device, 150 open circuited control signals 1 and to second driver element 180.Control signal 1 is after first driver element 160 strengthens; the first switches conductive device 150 disconnects (if the brake signal reception this moment processing unit 193 controls first switches conductive device 150 is in the forward conduction state; fuel cell power generating system 110 output end voltages raise; be operated in little current status; unfavorable to fuel cell power generating system 110, controlling 150 disconnections of the first switches conductive device is in order to protect fuel cell power generating system 110).Control signal 2 after second driver element 180 strengthens, second switch electric installation 170 forward conductions, motor 220 is to 130 chargings of lithium cell group (motor is operated in the regenerative brake state 220 this moments, reclaims unnecessary kinetic energy and charges to lithium cell group 130).
When being in, vehicle quickens or ramp up, the throttle signal reception processing unit 194 of system capacity Management Controller 190 receives the throttle signal from chaufeur, and throttle signal receives processing unit 194 and exports the control signal 2 of controlling second switch electric installations 170 reverse-conductings to the control signal 1 of first driver element, 160 output controls, the first switches conductive device, 150 forward conductions and to second driver element 180.Control signal 1 is after first driver element 160 strengthens; the first switches conductive device, 150 forward conductions; fuel cell power generating system 110 inserts dc bus through heavy-duty diode 310 and electric energy is provided for electric machine controller 210, and unilateral diode 320 protection fuel cell power generating systems 110 are not subjected to the damage of recoil energy.Control signal 2 after second driver element 180 strengthens, second switch electric installation 170 reverse-conductings, lithium cell group 130 provides electric energy for electric machine controller 210.Fuel cell power generating system 110 and lithium cell group 130 drive the car load motor simultaneously, and lithium cell group 130 mainly provides instantaneous superpower output to satisfy the dynamic property requirement of car load.
Detect the mode of operation of fuel cell power generating system 110 when fuel cell controller 120, and judge whether et out of order, the work state information that failure message is sent to system capacity Management Controller 190 receives processing unit 195, and work state information receives processing unit 195 and exports the control signal 2 of controlling the first switches conductive device, 150 open circuited control signals 1 and exporting control second switch electric installations 170 reverse-conductings to second driver element 180 to first driver element 160.Control signal 1 is after first driver element 160 strengthens, and the first switches conductive device 150 disconnects, thus protection fuel cell power generating system 110.Control signal 2 after second driver element 180 strengthens, second switch electric installation 170 reverse-conductings, lithium cell group 130 provides electric energy for electric machine controller 210.When fuel cell power generating system 110 was broken down, whole power system still can normally be moved.
Lithium battery management system 140 detects the SOC value of lithium cell group 130, the SOC value of lithium cell group 130 is passed to the lithium cell group SOC value reception processing unit 196 of system capacity Management Controller 190, lithium cell group SOC value receives processing unit 196 and judges that whether the SOC value of lithium cell group is less than default restriction lower limit, if, control signal 2 to second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 forward conductions, control signal 2 is after second driver element 180 strengthens, second switch electric installation 170 forward conductions, fuel cell power generating system 110 is to 130 power supplies of lithium cell group; If not, control signal 2 to second driver element, 180 output control second switch electric installations, 170 reverse-conductings, control signal 2 is after second driver element 180 strengthens, second switch electric installation 170 reverse-conductings, lithium cell group 130 give electric machine controller 210 provide electric energy (the SOC dynamical equilibrium that this process is intended to keep lithium cell group 130 in certain among a small circle in, dwindle lithium cell characteristic dispersion, make control more effective, prolong lithium cell service life).
The information of voltage of the fuel cell power generating system 110 that the voltage reception processing unit 197 reception fuel cell controllers 120 of system capacity Management Controller 190 send and the information of voltage of the lithium cell group 130 that lithium battery management system 140 sends are according to information of voltage and the information of voltage adjustment fuel cell system of lithium cell group 130 and output voltage, the outgoing current of lithium cell of the information judgement fuel cell power generating system 110 that receives.Specific as follows:
If voltage receives processing unit 197 and judges the voltage that the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 is higher than lithium cell group 130, voltage receives processing unit 197 and exports the control signal 1 of controlling 150 conductings of the first switches conductive device and control signal 2 from control second switch electric installations 170 forward conductions to second driver element 180 that export to first driver element 160.Control signal 1 is after first driver element 160 strengthens on the one hand, 150 conductings of the first switches conductive device, control signal 2 is after second driver element 180 strengthens on the other hand, second switch electric installation 170 forward conductions, fuel cell power generating system 110 is to 130 chargings of lithium cell group like this, and the voltage of judging fuel cell power generating system 110 up to voltage reception processing unit 197 equates with the voltage of lithium cell group 130.This process makes fuel cell power generating system 110 output voltages descend, and lithium cell group 130 voltages rise, and keeps the mode of operation dynamical equilibrium of fuel cell power generating system 110 and lithium cell group 130.
If voltage receives processing unit 197 and judges the voltage that the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 is lower than lithium cell group 130, voltage receives processing unit 197 and exports the control signal 3 of controlling the first switches conductive device, 150 open circuited control signals 1 and exporting control second switch electric installations 170 reverse-conductings to second driver element 180 to first driver element 160.Control signal 1 is after first driver element 160 strengthens, the first switches conductive device 150 disconnects, fuel cell power generating system 110 disconnects with dc bus, be in light condition, the hydrogen-oxygen chemical reaction that produce electric energy this moment is still carrying out, after a period of time, the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 gos up, up to being higher than the cooresponding voltage in operation point (half of maximum load current is the operation point) within the specific limits.Control signal 2 is after second driver element 180 strengthens, second switch electric installation 170 reverse-conductings, lithium cell group 130 gives motor 220 power supplies, because lithium cell group 130 gives motor 220 power supplies separately, lithium cell group 130 voltages descend, at this moment, voltage receives processing unit 197 when judging the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 and being higher than the voltage of operation point, carry out above-mentioned fuel cell power generating system 110 and control the first switches conductive device 150 and second switch electric installation 170, realize that the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 equates with the voltage of lithium cell group 130 to lithium cell group 130 electrically-charged steps.
Fig. 5 is the operation point match map of fuel cell power generating system 110 and lithium cell group 130, has showed the output voltage-current characteristics curve of fuel cell power generating system 110 and the output voltage-current characteristics curve of lithium cell group 130.Among the figure, the A point shows that the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 equates with the voltage of lithium cell group 130, is cusp, is above-mentioned operation point (half that determine maximum load current is the system works point); The B point shows the voltage of the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 greater than lithium cell group 130; The C point shows the voltage of the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 less than lithium cell group 130; The D point shows the voltage of the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 less than lithium cell group 130, and wherein the voltage of D point lithium cell group 130 is less than the voltage of C point lithium cell group 130.When system operated in the B point, the voltage of system capacity Management Controller 190 received processing unit 197 control second switch electric installations 170 forward conductions, and system is moved to the A point from the B point.If system operates in the C point, the voltage of system capacity Management Controller 190 receives the processing unit 197 controls first switches conductive device 150 and disconnects, the operation point of fuel cell power generating system 110 is moved to the A point by the C point, at this moment, lithium cell group 130 is moved to the D point by the C point, when the voltage of fuel cell power generating system 110 is higher than A point arrival B point, control second switch electric installation 170 forward conductions, fuel cell power generating system 110 is moved to the A point by the B point, and lithium cell group 130 is moved to the A point by the D point.Like this, by the control of system capacity Management Controller, the rational Match of the horsepower output of realization fuel cell power generating system 110 and lithium cell group 130, output voltage, outgoing current.
Need to prove that the first switches conductive device 150 that native system has controlled forward conduction function can be made of or a high-voltage relay constitutes a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor.The second switch electric installation 170 that native system has controlled forward, a reverse-conducting function can be in parallel by a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor shown in Fig. 4 a and a heavy-duty diode and form, or be in parallel by a high-voltage relay shown in Fig. 4 b and a heavy-duty diode and form, or be in parallel by a high-voltage relay shown in Fig. 4 c and a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor and form.
Because adopt technique scheme, the present invention has following advantage and innovative point compared with prior art:
1) takes fuel cell power generating system 110 and lithium cell group 130 power system structure directly in parallel, fuel cell power generating system 110 and lithium cell group 130 are directly parallel on the dc bus, give motor 220 and other car load power devices together, green phase answers first electric installation 150 and second electric installation 170 to control, native system does not have the DC/DC changer, eliminated the problem that the DC/DC conversion links is brought, abandoned traditional indirect paralleling model that needs the DC/DC voltage stabilizing, thereby the reduction system effectiveness of having avoided the DC/DC changer to cause, increase the control policy difficulty, fuel cell itself is brought injury, and the problem that increases the cost of exploitation DC/DC changer;
2) fuel cell power generating system 110 links to each other with load by heavy-duty diode 310, can guarantee that external high pressure can not put on fuel cell pile, thereby protection fuel cell power generating system 110 is not subjected to the damage of recoil energy;
3) when the 190 control first switches conductive device, 150 conductings of system capacity Management Controller or disconnection and second switch electric installation 170 forward conductions or reverse-conducting or disconnection, the moment compensated waving that ultracapacitor 320 can switch;
4) first driver element 160 can send the conducting of the control first switches conductive device and the power-handling capability of open circuited control signal by enhanced system energy management controller 190.Similarly, second driver element 170 can enhanced system energy management controller sends the power-handling capability of 190 control signal;
5) in vehicle launch, lithium cell group 130 provides energy for electric machine controller 210; After fuel cell power generating system 110 started, fuel cell power generating system 110 provided energy for electric machine controller 210 with lithium cell group 130; When quickening or climb, lithium cell group 130 can be served as the role of main source of energy in beginning short time period, energy is provided for electric machine controller 210, makes the horsepower output of fuel cell power generating system 110 be unlikely to sudden change, thus protection fuel cell power generating system 110; Sliding or during braking mode, do not needing fuel cell power generating system 110 and lithium cell group 130 energy to be provided for electric machine controller 210;
6) when fuel cell power generating system 110 breaks down, the work state information of system capacity Management Controller 190 receives processing unit 195 can control 160 disconnections of the first switches conductive device, thus protection fuel cell power generating system 110;
7) the lithium cell group SOC value of system capacity Management Controller 190 receives the SOC value of processing unit 196 real-time judge lithium cell groups, and then control second switch electric installation 170, with keep lithium cell group SOC dynamical equilibrium in certain among a small circle in, dwindle lithium cell characteristic dispersion, prolong the service life of lithium cell group;
8) voltage of system capacity Management Controller 190 receives processing unit 197 directly by voltage and the horsepower output specification of configuration fuel cell power generating system 110 with lithium cell group 130, reach the rational Match of the two horsepower output, output voltage, outgoing current, improved power supplying efficiency.Utilize soft and the characteristic that the lithium cell output characteristic is hard relatively partially of output characteristic of fuel cell simultaneously; bear most of output-power fluctuation by control realization lithium cell group 130; reduced the voltage fluctuation of fuel cell power generating system 110; thereby protected fuel cell power generating system 110, prolonged the service life of fuel cell power generating system 110.
Above invention has been described in conjunction with most preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of above announcement, and should contain various modification, equivalent combinations of carrying out according to essence of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. on-vehicle fuel and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell, it is characterized in that, comprise fuel cell power generating system, obtain lithium battery management system, the first switches conductive device, second switch electric installation and the system capacity Management Controller of voltage, electric current, the pressure of fuel cell power generating system, fuel cell controller, the lithium cell group of temperature information, the SOC value of obtaining the lithium cell group, voltage, current information; A mouth of fuel cell power generating system connects an end of the first switches conductive device, a mouth of lithium cell group connects an end of second switch electric installation, the other end of the other end of the first switches conductive device, second switch electric installation is applicable to an input end that connects electric machine controller, another mouth of fuel cell power generating system, another mouth of lithium cell group are applicable to another input end that connects electric machine controller, and wherein two of electric machine controller mouths connect motor; The system capacity Management Controller connects the control end of the first switches conductive device, control end, fuel cell controller, lithium battery management system and the electric machine controller of second switch electric installation respectively, is used for the information Control first switches conductive device conducting or disconnection and control second switch electric installation forward conduction or reverse-conducting or disconnection that fuel cell controller and lithium battery management system obtain;
Described system capacity Management Controller is implemented control according to following principle: in vehicle launch, the lithium cell group provides energy to motor; After fuel cell power generating system started, fuel cell power generating system provided energy with the lithium cell group to motor; When quickening or climb, the lithium cell group can be served as the role of main source of energy in beginning short time period, provide energy to motor, makes the horsepower output of fuel cell power generating system be unlikely to sudden change, thus the protection fuel cell power generating system; Sliding or during braking mode, do not needing fuel cell power generating system and lithium cell group to provide energy to motor.
2. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 1 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell, it is characterized in that, also comprise heavy-duty diode, the other end of the first switches conductive device is connected with an input end of electric machine controller by described heavy-duty diode, wherein, the anode of heavy-duty diode is connected with the other end of the first switches conductive device, and negative electrode connects an input end of electric machine controller.
3. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 1 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell, it is characterized in that, also comprise super capacitor, an end of described super capacitor connects the other end of the first switches conductive device, and the other end connects another mouth of fuel cell power generating system.
4. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 1 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell, it is characterized in that, also comprise first driver element and second driver element, the system capacity Management Controller connects the control end of the first switches conductive device by described first driver element, connects the control end of second switch electric installation by described second driver element.
5. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 1 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell is characterized in that, the first switches conductive device is made of a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor or a high-voltage relay constitutes.
6. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 1 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell, it is characterized in that, the second switch electric installation is in parallel by a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor and a heavy-duty diode and forms, or be in parallel by a high-voltage relay and a heavy-duty diode and form, or be in parallel by a high-voltage relay and a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor and form.
7. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 1 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell is characterized in that, described system capacity Management Controller comprises:
Ignition signal receives processing unit, be used for when the ignition signal that receives from chaufeur, to the open circuited control signal of the first switches conductive device output control first switches conductive device, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting;
Log-on message receives processing unit, be used for when getting access to the log-on message of fuel cell power generating system by fuel cell controller, to the control signal of first switches conductive device output control, the first switches conductive device forward conduction, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting;
Brake signal receives processing unit, be used for when the brake signal that receives from chaufeur, to the open circuited control signal of the first switches conductive device output control first switches conductive device, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation forward conduction;
Throttle signal receives processing unit, be used for when the throttle signal that receives from chaufeur, to the control signal of first switches conductive device output control, the first switches conductive device forward conduction, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting.
8. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 7 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell is characterized in that, described system capacity Management Controller also comprises:
Work state information receives processing unit, the work state information that is used for the fuel cell power generating system that obtains by fuel cell controller, when the work of judging is failure message, to the open circuited control signal of the first switches conductive device output control first switches conductive device, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting.
9. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 7 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell is characterized in that, described system capacity Management Controller also comprises:
Lithium cell group SOC value receives processing unit, be used for getting access to the SOC value of lithium cell group by lithium battery management system, whether the SOC value of judging the lithium cell group less than default restriction lower limit, less than the time to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation forward conduction; When being not less than, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting.
10. on-vehicle fuel as claimed in claim 7 and the direct parallel connection type hybrid power system of lithium cell is characterized in that, described system capacity Management Controller also comprises:
Voltage receives processing unit, be used for getting access to the information of voltage of fuel cell power generating system and getting access to the information of voltage of lithium cell group by lithium battery management system by fuel cell controller, when the voltage of fuel cell power generating system is higher than the voltage of lithium cell group, to the control signal of first switches conductive device output control, the first switches conductive device conducting, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation forward conduction; When the voltage of fuel cell power generating system is lower than the voltage of lithium cell group, to the open circuited control signal of the first switches conductive device output control first switches conductive device, control signal to second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation reverse-conducting, when the information of voltage that gets access to fuel cell power generating system by fuel cell controller is higher than the voltage of operation point, to the control signal of first switches conductive device output control, the first switches conductive device conducting, to the control signal of second switch electric installation output control second switch electric installation forward conduction.
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| CN102360209A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-02-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Multi-embedded intelligent monitoring, communication and control system for hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN102494898B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-08-27 | 武汉理工大学 | Comprehensive test platform and method for dynamic system of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN102723766A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-10 | 重庆小康工业集团股份有限公司 | Power storage range extender of electric vehicle |
| CN106585395B (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2019-02-15 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen car |
| CN107611527B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2020-01-24 | 上海轩玳科技有限公司 | Fuel cell and lithium ion battery composite power supply device |
| CN108790848B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2020-03-10 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Ramp starting control system and method for fuel cell vehicle and vehicle |
| CN110417065A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | Fuel cell mixed power supply system and its control method |
| CN109606136B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-01-19 | 华中科技大学 | Hybrid power energy storage system, control method thereof and hybrid power automobile |
| CN111071107A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Central energy management device for novel fuel cell vehicle |
| CN113370967A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-10 | 东南大学溧阳研究院 | Hybrid power system-based intelligent trolley capable of being remotely controlled and method |
| CN113173156A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-07-27 | 东南大学溧阳研究院 | Hybrid power system capable of switching energy flow, vehicle and method |
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