CN102174330A - Carbon-base soil improver and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon-base soil improver and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102174330A CN102174330A CN2011100395835A CN201110039583A CN102174330A CN 102174330 A CN102174330 A CN 102174330A CN 2011100395835 A CN2011100395835 A CN 2011100395835A CN 201110039583 A CN201110039583 A CN 201110039583A CN 102174330 A CN102174330 A CN 102174330A
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- charcoal
- soil improvement
- base soil
- improvement agent
- biological particles
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940010514 ammonium ferrous sulfate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229960000355 copper sulfate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 boricfertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010002660 Anoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000976983 Anoxia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 230000007953 anoxia Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the crop growing field, particularly relates to a soil improver taking biomass particle carbide discarded in agriculture and forestry as a matrix and a preparation method thereof. The carbon-base soil improver comprises biomass particle charcoal, calcium magnesium phosphate or calcined lime, and binder, and also comprises other fertilizers, such as urea, monoammonium phosphate powder, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, boricfertilizer, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate and the like. The biomass particle charcoal is a black powdered carbon particle (carbon soot) generated by incomplete combustion of the biomass under hypoxemia condition, has various properties similar with soil humus (acid) and strong ability to absorb and maintain nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the like, and has obvious water retention and moisture preservation effects. The soil improver prepared by the preparation method has the characteristics of soil structure improvement, moisture and fertility preservation, temperature increasing, efficient environmental protection and wide application prospects and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the arable farming field, being specifically related to a kind of is soil improvement agent of matrix and preparation method thereof with agricultural abandoned biomass particle carbide.
Background technology
The soil is most important capital goods in the agricultural sector.Since the reform and opening-up, the steady lifting of agricultural productivity provides strong support for China's rapid economic development, but the soil of also having overdrawed to a certain extent simultaneously produces potential.On the one hand, long-term, a large amount of a series of problems such as fertilizer efficiency decline, soil compaction, water pollution that cause of using of chemical fertilizer; On the other hand, high-intensity agriculture production and land use cause problems such as soil acidification, desertification serious day by day, and these all become the bottleneck of restriction China agricultural sustainable development.Therefore, improve the soil, culture fertility, raising soil integrated production capacity be for guaranteeing national food safety, supporting the national economy fast development and have crucial strategic importance.
Soil improvement agent is one of effective ways that recover the soil integrated production capacity.At present, common modifying agent has two kinds, and the natural modifying agent of the first is representative with humic acids and polysaccharide, by hydrocarbon chain mulching soil clay surface, changes its hydratability and swell-shrink characteristic, forms water-stable granule.It two is synthetic modifying agents, comprises polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide preparation, asphalt emulsion etc., by method stable soil granules such as bonding, coatings, thereby plays the effect of the structure of improving the soil.The production technique relative complex of these soil improvement agents, cost are higher, or belong to Chemicals, easily cause secondary environment to be polluted, and all have certain obstacle in large-scale promotion is used.
Environment-friendly highly efficient charcoal base soil improvement agent provided by the invention is to be the long-acting soil improvement agent of substrate material with organic biological particles charcoal.The charcoal that the present invention uses is the agricultural abandoned biomass black biological particles charcoal particle (carbon black) that incomplete combustion forms under hypoxia condition, have good porosity and bigger specific surface area, it is remarkable that absorption and keep the ability of nutrients such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium strong, preserve moisture and fertility heat effect.Because its outstanding biological chemistry stability, anti-degradation property and to the inertia of microorganism, charcoal is more more stable than common organic additive.Zhi Bei soil improvement agent can improve soil aggregate for a long time, effectively, optimize ecological environment of soil thus, alleviate the influence of spring drought, cold spell in later spring to crop production, thereby improve crop nutrition content utilization ratio and soil Sustainable Production ability indirectly, more carbon effectively can be sealed up for safekeeping, realize that agricultural reduces discharging, coordinated development and the benign cycle that promotes soil, crop and environment three had vital role, have a extensive future.
It is relatively reasonable to the present invention is to provide a kind of price, can improve Soil structure, has that preserve moisture and fertility heats with the culture fertility function, meets the environment-friendly long-acting soil improvement agent of dry land farming environment.Application potential is huge in acidified soil, prone soil improvement and polluted soil repairing and treating.
Summary of the invention
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of charcoal base soil improvement agent, comprise:
1) biological particles charcoal; With
2) fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate (P
2O
5〉=20%, CaO 〉=50%, MgO 〉=13%, SiO
2〉=20%) or unslaked lime (CaO); With
3) binding agent (clay)
Also can further comprise other fertilizer, as in urea, monoammonium phosphate powder, Repone K, zinc sulfate, boron fertilizer, manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, the copper sulfate one or more.
Described biological particles charcoal is one or more in corn cob granule charcoal, rice husk particle charcoal, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae particle charcoal, stalk particle charcoal, the mushroom dish particle charcoal.
Biological particles charcoal weight percent content is 75-85%, is preferably 80%.
The present invention further provides the preparation method of charcoal base soil improvement agent, with biological particles charcoal+(fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or unslaked lime)+binding agent mixing granulation, particle diameter 3.35-5.0mm; Perhaps
With biological particles charcoal+(fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or unslaked lime)+binding agent+other fertilizer mixing granulation, particle diameter 3.35-5.0mm.
The present invention also further provides the purposes of charcoal base soil improvement agent, and with disposable the applying in the farmland of described charcoal base soil improvement agent, amount of application 30-50 kilogram/mu is preferably 40 kilograms/mu.Also can adjust usage quantity at different soil properties.
Described charcoal base soil improvement agent can cooperate with seed manure, base fertilizer at seeding time and applies, and machinery imposes under the seed 5-10cm depths between 12-15cm place or two caves during sowing.
Compare with existing soil improvement agent, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, production technique is simple, and raw material is easy to get, and is with low cost.The substrate material of the charcoal base soil improvement agent that the present invention produces is biological particles charcoals such as corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk; come from the abandoned biomass that agroforestry are produced; equipment used is pulverizer commonly used, simple and easy charring furnace, agitator, granulating disc etc.; production unit is simple; with low cost, be easy to industrialization.
2, water-retaining effect heat, good stability.The substrate material of the charcoal base soil improvement agent that the present invention produces is biological particles charcoals such as corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, has extremely strong adsorptivity, water-retentivity and heating property of extinction.After being manured into soil, not only can hold fertilizer slow-release, reduce the fertilizer leaching loss, and heat the water conservation district, can alleviate the influence of drought and water shortage, low temperature to a certain extent crop growth owing to around each carbon granule, all can form a little extinction.Simultaneously, charcoal base soil improvement agent physico-chemical property is stable, and is long-lasting outstanding.
3, environmentally friendly, safety and environmental protection.The used substrate material of the present invention is pure organic-biological matter particle carbon particle, and its main component is stable carbon more than 90%, and physico-chemical property is stable.Both can be for a long time, carbon fixation and emission reduction constantly, do not have secondary pollution yet, environmentally friendly, safety and environmental protection.
Description of drawings
Shown in Fig. 1 charcoal base soil improvement agent finished product samples.
Embodiment
The present invention is used to prepare charcoal base soil improvement agent with the biological particles charcoal, is matrix with the biological particles charcoal.This charcoal base soil improvement agent can be used separately, also can be used with other products.
Utilize that biological particles charcoal micropore is many, the characteristics of high adsorption capacity, compound with fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or unslaked lime (CaO) etc., and make binding agent with clay, make particulate state charcoal base soil improvement agent.Simple, the economic environmental protection of this soil improvement agent preparation technology, safe and efficient helps to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces fertilising cost and energy consumption, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
Charcoal base soil improvement agent comprises:
1. biological particles charcoal
2. fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate (P
2O
5〉=20%, CaO 〉=50%, MgO 〉=13%, SiO
2〉=20%), or unslaked lime (CaO)
3. binding agent (clay)
Also can further comprise fertilizer, as in urea, monoammonium phosphate powder, Repone K, zinc sulfate, boron fertilizer, manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate and the copper sulfate one or more.
Described biological particles charcoal is one or more a mixture of corn cob granule charcoal, rice husk particle charcoal, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae particle charcoal, stalk particle charcoal or mushroom dish particle charcoal, but is not limited to this.
By weight or weight percent content: the biological particles carbon content that can improve soil aggregate is 75-85%, is preferably 80%.The usage quantity of other composition, those skilled in the art can adjust voluntarily according to common practise.The fertilizer type that adds is not limited to above-mentioned fertilizer, can adjust voluntarily according to crop species, clay fertilizer condition etc. according to producing needs.
With biological particles charcoal+(fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or unslaked lime)+binding agent mixing granulation, particle diameter 3.35-5.0mm.
With biological particles charcoal+(fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or unslaked lime)+binding agent+fertilizer mixing granulation, particle diameter 3.35-5.0mm.
Described charcoal base soil improvement agent can disposablely apply in the farmland, and amount of application 30-50 kilogram/mu is preferably 40 kilograms/mu.Can use as required at different soil properties.
Described charcoal base soil improvement agent can cooperate with seed manure, base fertilizer at seeding time and applies, and machinery imposes on 12-15cm place under the seed during sowing, or 5-10cm depths between two caves.
Described fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, unslaked lime, urea, monoammonium phosphate powder, Repone K, zinc sulfate, boron fertilizer, manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate are all available on market, and is all on sale at Agricultural Materials shop.
Described urea can be granular urea (also being referred to as the urea powder).
Described binding agent is preferably clay.
Preferably, the present invention is that to utilize the patent No. be that the described semi-enclosed granule carbonization furnace of the Chinese invention patent of ZL200710086505.4 is produced the biological particles charcoal, as described in this patent, this semi-enclosed granule carbonization furnace adopts anoxic destructive distillation decomposition technique production agricultural abandoned biomass particle charcoal under the inferior hot conditions.Described agricultural abandoned biomass can be corn cob, stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, production discarded mushroom dish etc., but is not limited thereto.
By different biomass are carried out charing, produce corn cob granule charcoal, rice husk particle charcoal, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae particle charcoal, stalk particle charcoal or mushroom dish particle charcoal etc., can further be processed into granularity is the 80-100 order.
Embodiment 1 corn cob granule charcoal exemplary production processes
The description that present embodiment is exemplary to utilize the patent No. be the method that the described semi-enclosed granule carbonization furnace of the Chinese invention patent of ZL200710086505.4 is produced the corn cob granule charcoal, comprise select materials, steps such as material processing, shove charge charing, cooling are come out of the stove, metering packing, but be not limited to this.
Select materials: its water content is reduced to below 20% the corn cob natural air drying of agricultural byproducts.
Material processing: any crumbling method is pulverized above-mentioned qualified corn cob processing in the employing prior art, and the corn cob granule diameter after the pulverizing is 2-10mm.The screening of can sieving of corn cob granule after the pulverizing can be processed again for undesirable corn cob granule.
The shove charge charing: the corn cob granule that processes is packed in the body of heater, and initial material add-on is advisable to cover on the burner 10-25 centimetre.Ignition substance in the burner flashpan is lighted.Described ignition substance is a diesel oil.After material is lighted, continue spontaneous combustion, need not external heat source.Material anoxic charing under 150-450 ℃ of inferior hot conditions.When temperature was heated to more than 150 ℃, the particulate complex construction began to decompose; Decompose aggravation during greater than 260 ℃ when temperature, generate tar and gas; When temperature reaches 450 ℃, begin anoxybiotic, atomizing, generate black charcoal crude granule.Anoxia condition in the Artificial Control body of heater.Adopt the digital temperature controller of XMT-121 type to monitor.The digital temperature controller of XMT-121 type is the common instrument of this area, and the instrument shop is all available on market.When temperature in the body of heater reaches 450 ℃, in time replenish Material control oxygen supply amount.The thickness that at every turn appends material is 6-12 centimetre.After treating that whole materials interpolations finish, add last layer finished product charcoal and cover, thickness is 15-30 centimetre.
Cooling is come out of the stove: when the finished product charcoal of last layer burns red back (estimate and get final product), in time spraying cold water extinguishes stove fire, and naturally cooling is come out of the stove.
Can become granularity to the further grinding and processing of corn cob granule charcoal of coming out of the stove as required is 80-100 purpose particulate.
The production technique of stalk particle charcoal, mushroom dish particle charcoal is except that the raw material difference, and other technology and present embodiment are basic identical, can this embodiment as a reference.
Embodiment 2 Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae particle charcoal production methods
The description that present embodiment is exemplary to utilize the patent No. be the method that the described semi-enclosed granule carbonization furnace of the Chinese invention patent of ZL200710086505.4 is produced Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae particle charcoal, comprise select materials, shove charge charing, cooling are come out of the stove, step such as metering packing, but are not limited to this.
Select materials: its water content is reduced to below 20% the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae natural air drying of agricultural byproducts.
The shove charge charing: the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae that will clean is packed in the body of heater, and initial material add-on is advisable to cover on the burner 10-25 centimetre.Ignition substance in the burner flashpan is lighted.Described ignition substance is a diesel oil.After material is lighted, continue spontaneous combustion, need not external heat source.Material anoxic charing under 150-450 ℃ of inferior hot conditions.When temperature was heated to more than 150 ℃, the particulate complex construction began to decompose; Decompose aggravation during greater than 260 ℃ when temperature, generate tar and gas; When temperature reaches 450 ℃, begin anoxybiotic, atomizing, generate black charcoal crude granule.Anoxia condition in the Artificial Control body of heater.Adopt the digital temperature controller of XMT-121 type to monitor.The digital temperature controller of XMT-121 type is the common instrument of this area, and the instrument shop is all available on market.When temperature in the body of heater reaches 450 ℃, in time replenish Material control oxygen supply amount.The thickness that at every turn appends material is 6-12 centimetre.After treating that whole materials interpolations finish, add last layer finished product charcoal and cover, thickness is 15-30 centimetre.
Cooling is come out of the stove: when the finished product charcoal of last layer burns red back (estimate and get final product), in time spraying cold water extinguishes stove fire, and naturally cooling is come out of the stove.
The production technique of rice husk particle charcoal is except that the raw material difference, and other technology and present embodiment are basic identical, can this embodiment as a reference.
Embodiment 1 or the 2 particle charcoals of producing are used to produce charcoal base soil improvement agent, and employed feed particles charcoal can be one or more mixing in corn cob granule charcoal, rice husk particle charcoal, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae particle charcoal, stalk particle charcoal or the mushroom dish particle charcoal.Can become granularity to the further grinding and processing of particle charcoal of coming out of the stove as required is 80-100 purpose particulate.
Embodiment 3: charcoal base soil improvement agent producing process
(1) with unslaked lime, 80 purpose biological particles charcoal and binding agents, the mixed by 5%, 85% and 10% stirs with ZLC-300 type stirrer.
(2) (1) is carried out the pressure granulation with granulating disc, make the charcoal base soil improvement agent that contains particle charcoal 85%.
(3) metering, packing.
Described binding agent is a clay.
Embodiment 4: charcoal base soil improvement agent producing process
Mix with weight ratio or weight percent according to following step:
(1) with fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 100 purpose biological particles charcoal and binding agents, the mixed by 10%, 80% and 10% stirs with ZLC-300 type stirrer.
(2) (1) is carried out the pressure granulation with granulating disc, make the charcoal base soil improvement agent that contains particle charcoal 80%.
(3) metering, packing.
Described binding agent is a clay.
Embodiment 5: charcoal base soil improvement agent producing process
Mix with weight ratio or weight percent according to following step:
(1) with fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 80 purpose biological particles charcoal and binding agents, the mixed by 15%, 75% and 10% stirs with ZLC-300 type stirrer.
(2) (1) is carried out the pressure granulation with granulating disc, make the charcoal base soil improvement agent that contains particle charcoal 75%.
(3) metering, packing.
Described binding agent is a clay.
Embodiment 6: charcoal base soil improvement agent producing process
Mix with weight ratio or weight percent according to following step:
(1) with fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 80 purpose biological particles charcoal and binding agents, the mixed by 10%, 80% and 10%.
(2) with (1) and manganous sulfate, copper sulfate by 99%, 0.5%, 0.5% mixed, stir with ZLC-300 type stirrer.
(3) (2) are carried out the pressure granulation with granulating disc, make the charcoal base soil improvement agent that contains particle charcoal about 80%.
(4) metering, packing.
Described binding agent is a clay.
Embodiment 7: charcoal base soil improvement agent producing process
Mix with weight ratio or weight percent according to following step:
(1) with unslaked lime, 100 purpose biological particles charcoal and binding agents, the mixed by 10%, 80% and 10%.
(2) with (1) and urea, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate by 95%, 4%, 0.5%, 0.5% mixed, stir with ZLC-300 type stirrer.
(3) (2) are carried out the pressure granulation with granulating disc, make and contain the particle charcoal near 80% charcoal base soil improvement agent.
(4) metering, packing.
Described binding agent is a clay.
Embodiment 8: the soil improvement experiment
The charcoal base soil improvement agent of producing with embodiment 6 carries out the soil improvement experiment.Four in the company in the grain storage north has carried out this soil improvement agent test in the Nenjiang County, Heilongjiang Province.The large-scale demonstration form is adopted in test, and contrast and two processing of modifying agent are established in test, 2000 mu of test area (each handles 1000 mu).Plant the plant soybean, kind is Heihe 52, and preceding crop is a soybean, and tillage method is the subsoiling land preparation in autumn, and seeding method is a flat planting, and the strain number of keeping a full stand of seedings is 4.13 ten thousand strain/mus, and fertilization mode is the disposable wholely base fertilizer (N: P that applies in autumn
2O
5: K
2O=3: 4: 3, nitrogenous fertilizer was urea; Phosphate fertilizer is two ammoniums; Potash fertilizer is Repone K) 40 kilograms/mu, modifying agent is handled and add 40 kilograms/mu of this soil improvement agents on control basis, applies with seed when sow for spring.Field management is with the production field.
Experimental result shows that the charcoal base soil improvement agent of using the present invention's production can make soil pH value increase about 0.27 unit, can effectively promote a plurality of yield traitses of examination crop.Wherein, the flat grain of individual plant pod number reduces to zero, and individual plant one seeded pod, two pods, three pod number amplification are respectively 100%, 29% and 18%, reach 4,22 and 13; The total pod number of individual plant increases by 9/strain, reaches 41/strain, amplification 28.1%; 100-grain weight is 19.8 grams, is higher than contrast 8.2%, promotes 8.7 kilograms/mu of comprehensive volume increase, amount of increase in production 5.2%.
Embodiment 9: the soil improvement experiment
The charcoal base soil improvement agent of producing with embodiment 5 carries out the soil improvement experiment.Carried out this soil improvement agent test in Kiamusze City, Heilongjiang Province Heilongjiang Reclamation Area academy of sciences.Experimental field be the second crop soil piece, used soybean varieties is for cultivating rich 16.Disposable base fertilizer (the N: P that applies when fertilization mode is sowing
2O
5: K
2O=3: 4: 3, nitrogenous fertilizer was urea; Phosphate fertilizer is two ammoniums; Potash fertilizer is Repone K) 40 kilograms/mu, modifying agent is handled and add 40 kilograms/mu of this soil improvement agents on the control treatment basis, applies with seed when sow for spring, and seed and fertilizer keep 2 cm distance.Planting density 1.83 ten thousand strain/mus.Routine Management between breeding time.
Experimental result shows that the application of this soil improvement agent is not remarkable to the influence of plant height, the height that bears pods, but can significantly increase stem stalk diameter, reaches 0.78 centimetre, is higher than contrast 18.75%; Branch amount reaches 0.7, is significantly higher than 0.17 of contrast; Joint number reaches 18.7, is higher than 16.8 of contrast.
The application of this soil improvement agent has significantly improved multinomial yield traits.Wherein, individual plant one seeded pod, two pods, three pods and four pod numbers reach 9.9,17.5,13.8 and 3.4 respectively, and compared with the control, amplification is respectively 32.0%, 70.0%, 36.6% and 41.7%.Single-strain legumen number mostly is 46 most, is significantly higher than 31.2 of contrast, and amplification reaches 47.2%; Single-strain grain number reaches 99.9, is higher than 68 of contrast, and amplification reaches 46.9%.Ultimate capacity is 261.6 kilograms/mu, is higher than 223.4 kilograms/mu of contrast, amplification 17.1%, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (9)
1. charcoal base soil improvement agent is characterized in that comprising:
1) biological particles charcoal; With
2) fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or unslaked lime; With
3) binding agent
Described biological particles charcoal is one or more the mixture in corn cob granule charcoal, rice husk particle charcoal, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae particle charcoal, stalk particle charcoal, the mushroom dish particle charcoal;
Biological particles charcoal weight percent content is 75-85%.
2. charcoal base soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that also further containing other fertilizer, described other fertilizer is one or more in urea, monoammonium phosphate powder, Repone K, zinc sulfate, boron fertilizer, manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, the copper sulfate.
3. as the arbitrary described charcoal base soil improvement agent of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that described binding agent is a clay.
4. as the arbitrary described charcoal base soil improvement agent of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that biological particles charcoal weight percent content is 80%.
5. the preparation method of charcoal base soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that biological particles charcoal, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and binding agent mixing granulation, or with biological particles charcoal, unslaked lime and binding agent mixing granulation, particle diameter 3.35-5.0mm.
6. the preparation method of charcoal base soil improvement agent as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that biological particles charcoal, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, binding agent and other fertilizer mixing granulation, perhaps with biological particles charcoal, unslaked lime, binding agent and other fertilizer mixing granulation, particle diameter 3.35-5.0mm.
7. as the purposes of the arbitrary described charcoal base soil improvement agent of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that amount of application is 30-50 kilogram/mu with disposable the applying in the farmland of described charcoal base soil improvement agent.
8. purposes as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described charcoal base soil improvement agent cooperates with seed manure, base fertilizer at seeding time to apply, and machinery imposes under the seed 5-10cm depths between 12-15cm place or two caves during sowing.
9. as claim 7 or 8 described purposes, the amount of application that it is characterized in that charcoal base soil improvement agent is 40 kilograms/mu.
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Application publication date: 20110907 Assignee: Liaoning Hefu Agricultural Development Co. Ltd. Assignor: Chen Wenfu Contract record no.: 2014210000070 Denomination of invention: Carbon-base soil improver and preparation method thereof Granted publication date: 20130327 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140822 |
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