CN102172612A - Method for restoring petroleum-polluted wetland by using carex phacota Spr. and microorganisms - Google Patents
Method for restoring petroleum-polluted wetland by using carex phacota Spr. and microorganisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN102172612A CN102172612A CN2011100645101A CN201110064510A CN102172612A CN 102172612 A CN102172612 A CN 102172612A CN 2011100645101 A CN2011100645101 A CN 2011100645101A CN 201110064510 A CN201110064510 A CN 201110064510A CN 102172612 A CN102172612 A CN 102172612A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for restoring a petroleum-polluted wetland by using carex phacota Spr. and microorganisms. The method comprises the following specific steps of: planting carex phacota Spr. in soil of the petroleum-polluted wetland; adding a bacterial suspension of an oil-degraded microorganism into the soil after adaptation; and removing petroleum oil stains from the soil under the coordination of the oil-degraded microorganism and a plant root system, wherein the density of the planted carex phacota Spr. is 300-800 plants/m<2>, 10 milliliters of bacterial suspension are added into every kilogram of soil, and the volume weight ratio of the added bacterial suspension to the soil is generally (1-5):100 ml/g. By adopting a degrading bacteria consortium obtained by screening, the degradation of a carex phacota Spr. rooting zone on oil pollutants can be enhanced. By adopting the method, a large number of petroleum organic matters can be removed from soil, so that the effect of quickly and completely removing a large number of petroleum organic matters from the soil is achieved. The method has the advantages of small environmental destruction, no damage to the physicochemical property of soil, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be subjected to petroleum-type to pollute the plant-microorganism combined remediation method of wetland, be specifically a kind of utilize perennial sedge convexutricle sedge herb (
Carex phacota Spr.) unite and have a liking for oily flora and repair the method that petroleum-type is polluted wetland.
Background technology
In the large scale mining of oil, smelting, transportation, use and the processing procedure, accidents such as pollution, omission, blowout, oil pipeline leakage take place frequently, and cause serious soil pollution.China's oil contaminated soil and coverage of water also constantly enlarge, and pollution level is on the rise.The risk of ship burst Pollution leakage accident is higher, and the oil spilling incident happens occasionally, and makes near the wetlands ecosystems in strand and some lakes also be subjected to pollution to a certain degree.Physical weathering (as evaporation, emulsification, diffusion, dissolving, absorption and sedimentation), chemical weathering (mainly being photodegradation) and biologic weathering effects such as (mainly being biodegradation) can take place in petroleum-type pollutant gradually that overflow in the water.After oil spilling has just entered water body and since the very thick meeting of oil film rapidly to around expansion, just quickened the oil reservoir area when featheredging with after breaking for fragment and strengthened that efflorescence is for example evaporated, dissolving and emulsification process.Petroleum-type on the river surface low-molecular-weight benzene class and multiring aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogen wherein has few part to be dissolvable in water in the water, other component is in wave action and after pervaporation, emulsification and suction-operated and produce mink cell focus or Residual oil, this part oil can be assembled to the bank, these remainders form fine and close dispersion ion, aggregate into asphalt blocks, they and river bank interact and are adsorbed, and some suspension oil droplet and heavy component can be attached on the suspended particulate matters and slowly sink to the bottom and settle down and enter in the deposit or float in the wetland on bank.
Oil mainly concentrates on top layer about 20cm to soil pollution, after entering soil, can destroy soil texture, disperse grogs, soil water permeability is reduced, its reactive group that is rich in can combine and limit nitrification and dephosphorylation with inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, thereby the content of soil available nitrogen, phosphorus is reduced.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons wherein etc. are because of having " three cause " effect and passing through food chain enrichment in vivo.Ecological environment, food security and health of human body are constituted a serious threat, become important society and the environmental problem of puzzlement environmental area.When the oil content in soil is higher, the growth of plant there is inhibitory action.Oil destroys the relation between soil-plant-hydrone, to the repulsion of gas, causes the generation of anaerobic condition, makes the root can not eupnea and absorb moisture.Different floristics, its inhibition effect that is subjected to the petroleum-type pollutant is different.In recent years, more for the Study on degradation of soil PetroChina Company Limited. pollutant both at home and abroad, but study at the oil pollution restoration of the ecosystem of wetland, also be in weak link.
The microorganism that utilizes nature extensively to exist is repaired petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated environment the very strong catabolism ability of organic matter, has the irreplaceable advantage of other method.Action of microorganisms is preponderated in the biological restoration, and various bacteria and fungi all show the characteristic of utilizing petroleum hydrocarbon, is put into practice being used for handling the marine oil spill incident, offal treatment, the biological emulsification of oil etc.Therefore obtain good microorganism, and study its degradation characteristic, very important for the successful implementation environment remediation.Indigenous microorganism can be brought into play more important role with respect to the external source Mixed Microbes in the biological restoration of oil-polluted soils.So mainly be to adopt from oil-polluted soils, to filter out the various oily microorganisms of having a liking for, then it is added to the biological renovation method in the petroleum-contaminated soil.Plant is an effective soil pollution treatment system, and is main by directly absorbing the active and enhanced biological transformation of petroleum pollution, release secretion and enzyme, stimulation root-zone microorganism.Plant promotes the degraded of organic pollution to be on the one hand because the rhizosphere effect has increased the quantity of microbial degradation bacterium, is because the plant secretion organic matter provides the matrix substrate for microorganism is total to metabolism on the other hand.The activity of microorganism has also promoted the release of root exudates.In addition, plant also can be microorganism existence place and transferable oxygen is provided, and the aerobic transformation in root district is normally carried out.Different plants are because different Gents has different repairing effects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly utilize convexutricle sedge herb (Carex phacota Spr.) to unite to have a liking for oily microorganism to repair the method that petroleum-type is polluted wetland.
For achieving the above object, the mechanism of the present invention's employing is: plant convexutricle sedge herb of the present invention (Carex phacota Spr.) is for there being the red luxuriant a kind of sedge perennial herb of beak.Rhizome is short, grows wild.Stalk clusters, and is high 20 ~ 60 centimetres, prismatic.Blade is linear, and is normal and stalk is isometric, wide about 6 millimeters; Leaf sheath is arranged.Flower unisexuality, monoecism; Long 10 ~ 15 centimetres usually of inflorescences; Small ear 3 ~ 10, give birth on the staminody spikelet top, slim and frahile slightly, long 2 ~ 5 centimetres; The pistillate spikelet adnation, cylindrical, long 2.5 ~ 5 centimetres; The scale imbricate is arranged, and the scale of female flower is avette, and is filbert, and 3 in arteries and veins is arranged, and ridge extends into a long tip; Stamen 3; Style 2 splits; The capsule bud is avette, short beak is arranged, brown.Pyrene is filbert, prismatic.Autumn summer at heading stage.Be born in the thick grass of hillside.Be the typical native country plant in the wetland of limit, be simple community or convexutricle sedge herb-Fischer grass mictium and distribute; The well developed root system of convexutricle sedge herb, and can work in coordination with the performance facilitation with rhizosphere microorganism, help adding the oily bacterium of having a liking for of soil petroleum hydrocarbon is carried out good degradation, and then strengthen the degraded of convexutricle sedge herb soil PetroChina Company Limited. hydrocarbon pollutant.On petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, plant convexutricle sedge herb, the effect of the rhizosphere of convexutricle sedge herb prosperity and the activity of rhizosphere microorganism thereof and secretion and enzyme, the oily bacterium of having a liking for that adds soil also has good degradation effect to petroleum hydrocarbon, can strengthen the degraded of convexutricle sedge herb to soil PetroChina Company Limited. hydrocarbon pollutant, this method can also be avoided the generation of secondary pollution.
According to above-mentioned mechanism, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to be:
A kind of convexutricle sedge herb and microbial association of utilizing repaired the method that petroleum-type is polluted wetland, the concrete steps that it is characterized in that this method are: plant convexutricle sedge herb in the soil of petroleum-type pollution wetland, after treating its adaptation, in soil, add and have a liking for the bacteria suspension of oily bacterium, under the synergy of having a liking for oily bacterium and root system of plant, remove the petroleum-type greasy dirt in the soil; The density of described plantation convexutricle sedge herb is 300 ~ 800 strains/m
2Described bacteria suspension is 1 ~ 5:100ml/g with the volume mass ratio of soil.
The compound method of the above-mentioned bacteria suspension of having a liking for oily bacterium is: will have a liking for oily bacterium and be cultured to logarithmic phase under 30 ℃, thalline is collected in centrifugal back, with being suspended in the physiological saline behind the physiological saline cyclic washing, regulates absorbance OD
660Be 1.5.
The mixed liquor that the above-mentioned bacteria suspension of having a liking for oily bacterium is mixed with by the volume ratio of 1:1:1 by pseudomonad HPM1, pseudomonad HPM3 and alcaligenes HPM2.
The greasy dirt content of above-mentioned greasy dirt wetland is in the 20000mg/kg.
Above-mentioned petroleum-type greasy dirt is gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil, kerosene or crude oil greasy dirt.
The present invention is by planting petroleum hydrocarbon rehabilitation plant convexutricle sedge herb and having a liking for oily bacterium synergy and repair petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil.This method is compared with traditional soil remediation method, has that small investment, quantities are little, a specification requirement advantages of higher not, non-secondary pollution.The reparation process not only can not destroyed ecological environment of soil, also helps to improve because of the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil degradation that causes and productivity descend, and recovers and improves its bio-diversity.The triangular natural plant height can reach 1.5 meters, stem triangular type, and verticillate lance shape leaf, brown flower, flavescence gradually behind the result are given birth in the top; Grow in the water area of various places.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 convexutricle sedge herb and the residue content of having a liking for after oily flora is degraded to the contaminated by diesel oil thing;
Fig. 2 convexutricle sedge herb is had a liking for the clearance of oily microflora degradation to the contaminated by diesel oil thing with original inhabitants;
Fig. 3 convexutricle sedge herb is had a liking for the degraded feature of oily flora to chain hydrocarbon component in the contaminated by diesel oil thing with original inhabitants.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one: convexutricle sedge herb and the indigenous oil removing open field test of having a liking for oily flora
This is tested in August, 2009 and carries out.The experiment place is at Shanghai University's environment and chemical experiment building five building terraces, and this studies Baoshan District, Shanghai City of living in, belongs to wet band half wet continental monsoon climate, and annual precipitation is about 500 ~ 600.Test is taken from Huangpu River-entrance of Changjiang River wetland soil with original oil-polluted soils, and therefrom three kinds of adopting of this experiment of sieve taking-up are had a liking for oily bacterial strain.Cleaning soil is taken from Shanghai University's Sector East flower bed, behind the 2mm sieve, presses sandy soil than the even mixing of 2:3, and is mixed with the soil of different diesel oil concentration gradients excessively.Be mixed with 5 concentration gradients, be respectively: 1000mg/kg, 5000mg/kg, 10000mg/kg, 15000mg/kg, 20000mg/kg.Three processing are established in experiment altogether, are respectively: greasy dirt soil (blank group), greasy dirt soil inoculation bacterium (microorganism group), greasy dirt soil inoculation bacterial classification are gone into convexutricle sedge herb (experimental group).The inoculation bacteria suspension is: will have a liking for oily bacterium and be cultured to logarithmic phase under 30 ℃, thalline is collected in centrifugal back, with being suspended in the physiological saline behind the physiological saline cyclic washing, regulates absorbance (OD
660) be 1.5, bacteria suspension is the 1:1:1 mixed liquor of three kinds of bacterial strains.The addition of bacteria suspension is 10ml in every kilogram of soil.According to the rich scarce situation of soil moisture, irregularly water, make soil saturation moisture.The experiment initial stage, because it is soil fertility is low that fertilizer is water-soluble, be sprayed in the soil after forming fertilizer solution, the fertilizer addition in every kilogram of soil is a 13.6g urea, 5g calcium superphosphate.Utilize the loosening table soil of little spades when pouring into bacterium liquid, do not hurt the root of convexutricle sedge herb when loosening the soil, thereby oxygen abundance in the even distribution of assurance bacterium liquid and the soil is beneficial to the breeding of convexutricle sedge herb and microbial growth.
Experiment lasts 60 days altogether, takes soil sample to measure the wherein variation of diesel oil content and component generation in the experimentation discontinuous.Experimental result is as follows:
(1) convexutricle sedge herb is united and had a liking for the degradation efficiency of oily flora to the variable concentrations greasy dirt: under different contaminated by diesel oil substrate concentrations, convexutricle sedge herb has demonstrated stronger tolerance to pollutant, does not have apparent murder by poisoning feature, the equal well-grown of plant.The residue resid amount of respectively organizing sample from Fig. 1 as can be seen, have a liking for oily flora the contaminated by diesel oil thing of the variable concentrations that exists in the soil is had certain degradation effect, but convexutricle sedge herb with have a liking under the acting in conjunction of oily bacterium, resid amount will reduce significantly in the soil, and visible convexutricle sedge herb has good removal effect to the contaminated by diesel oil thing really with the synergy of having a liking for oily bacterium.Fig. 2 demonstrated have a liking for oily flora and with the synergy of convexutricle sedge herb under, under the variable concentrations contaminated by diesel oil of 1000 ~ 20000mg/kg, the clearance of pollutant is distributed in 60 ~ 80% scopes basically, reaches as high as nearly 80%; Only can be in 45.0 ~ 67.4% scopes and have a liking for oily bacterium to the clearance of diesel oil.As can be seen, under all contaminations concentration, convexutricle sedge herb makes the clearance of contaminated by diesel oil thing be enhanced than the clearance of having a liking for oily bacterium with the synergy of having a liking for oily bacterium, contaminated edaphophyte rhizosphere environment has inducing action to microbial activity, helps the degraded of petroleum hydrocarbon and the biological restoration of pollution soil layer.In the soil of low concentration diesel oil, because the influence of diesel oil volatility and check and analysis thresholding, peak value appears in clearance; And actual conditions are, along with the increase of diesel oil concentration in the soil, have improved at convexutricle sedge herb and the clearance of having a liking for contaminated by diesel oil thing under the acting in conjunction of oily bacterium.
(2) convexutricle sedge herb is united and is had a liking for the effect of oily bacterium down to the degradation effect of diesel component: the residue Residual oil is polluted carry out gas chromatographic analysis and find (as shown in Figure 3), under the condition of not having a liking for oily bacterium and convexutricle sedge herb, each constituent content of n-alkane is all higher in the greasy dirt, and the peak value that content is the highest is at C
19, and having a liking under the degradation of oily flora, the relative amount of each component of oil pollutant obviously reduces, especially convexutricle sedge herb with have a liking under the plant-microorganism synergy of oily bacterium, the relative amount of each component of n-alkane is from C in the greasy dirt
12~ C
31Degraded is significantly all arranged in the scope.
Studies have shown that, utilize the rehabilitation plant of convexutricle sedge herb as greasy dirt wetland environment, plant convexutricle sedge herb at 20000mg/kg in interior greasy dirt wetland soil, density is controlled at 300 ~ 800 strains/m
2In the scope, by convexutricle sedge herb growth and cradle process repeatedly, can remove the excessive oil pollutant in the bank deposit thing.The convexutricle sedge herb plant restoration method of this wetland bank deposit thing contaminated by diesel oil has the remediation efficiency height, expense is low, easy to operate, environmental risk is little and characteristics such as original position reparation.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is utilized convexutricle sedge herb and microbial association to repair the method that petroleum-type is polluted wetland, the concrete steps that it is characterized in that this method are: plant convexutricle sedge herb in the soil of petroleum-type pollution wetland, after treating its adaptation, in soil, add and have a liking for the bacteria suspension of oily bacterium, under the synergy of having a liking for oily bacterium and root system of plant, remove the petroleum-type greasy dirt in the soil; The density of described plantation convexutricle sedge herb is 300 ~ 800 strains/m
2Described bacteria suspension is 1 ~ 5:100ml/g with the volume mass ratio of soil.
2. convexutricle sedge herb and the microbial association of utilizing according to claim 1 repaired the method that petroleum-type is polluted wetland, it is characterized in that the described compound method of having a liking for the bacteria suspension of oily bacterium is: will have a liking for oily bacterium and under 30 ℃, be cultured to logarithmic phase, thalline is collected in centrifugal back, with being suspended in the physiological saline behind the physiological saline cyclic washing, regulate absorbance OD
660Be 1.5.
3. convexutricle sedge herb and the microbial association of utilizing according to claim 2 repaired the method that petroleum-type is polluted wetland, it is characterized in that the mixed liquor that the described bacteria suspension of having a liking for oily bacterium is mixed with by the volume ratio of 1:1:1 by pseudomonad HPM1, pseudomonad HPM3 and alcaligenes HPM2.
4. convexutricle sedge herb and the microbial association of utilizing according to claim 1 repaired the method that petroleum-type is polluted wetland, and the greasy dirt content that it is characterized in that described greasy dirt wetland is in the 20000mg/kg.
5. repair the method that petroleum-type is polluted wetland according to claim 1 or 4 described convexutricle sedge herb and the microbial associations of utilizing, it is characterized in that described petroleum-type greasy dirt is gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil, kerosene or crude oil greasy dirt.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102601102A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for repairing high-concentration oil-polluted soil through mycorrhizal fungi-plant-degradation bacterium |
| CN105290105A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-03 | 郭嘉川 | Method for degrading grease dirt in wetland |
| CN105750312A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-13 | 天津大学 | Application optimization method of local soil plant-microorganism remediation technology |
| CN106269845A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 沈阳大学 | The method of phytomicroorganism combine d bioremediation DDT contaminated soil and application |
| CN107318387A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method that flat stalk cyperus iria L. rhizoma scirpi bulb is collected in rice field |
| CN107971333A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of antimicrobial plant joint repairs the fast method of the high soil containing greasy dirt |
| CN109926440A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-25 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of plant combined method for repairing discarded oil base drilling fluid deposit of engineering bacteria- |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1565762A (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-19 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biological method for restoring polluted soil by oil and PAH5 |
| CN101954373A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-26 | 上海大学 | Method for restoring oil polluted wet land by combination of plant and microorganism |
-
2011
- 2011-03-17 CN CN2011100645101A patent/CN102172612A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1565762A (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-19 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biological method for restoring polluted soil by oil and PAH5 |
| CN101954373A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-26 | 上海大学 | Method for restoring oil polluted wet land by combination of plant and microorganism |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102601102A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for repairing high-concentration oil-polluted soil through mycorrhizal fungi-plant-degradation bacterium |
| CN105290105A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-03 | 郭嘉川 | Method for degrading grease dirt in wetland |
| CN105290105B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-10-19 | 上海秦森园林股份有限公司 | A kind of method of greasy dirt in degradation wetland |
| CN105750312A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-13 | 天津大学 | Application optimization method of local soil plant-microorganism remediation technology |
| CN106269845A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 沈阳大学 | The method of phytomicroorganism combine d bioremediation DDT contaminated soil and application |
| CN107971333A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of antimicrobial plant joint repairs the fast method of the high soil containing greasy dirt |
| CN107318387A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method that flat stalk cyperus iria L. rhizoma scirpi bulb is collected in rice field |
| CN109926440A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-25 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of plant combined method for repairing discarded oil base drilling fluid deposit of engineering bacteria- |
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Application publication date: 20110907 |